Color encapsulant film and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of color packaging adhesive film and photovoltaic module, including first adhesive film layer, second color film layer and third adhesive film layer arranged in turn, the second color film layer includes base film and pigment coating, the pigment coating is arranged in one side or both sides of the base film. Pigment coating can be coated on base film using conventional coating process, and the melting point of base film is higher than that of adhesive film. In the processing process, the pigment coating is stable in nature and will not be affected by the state of adhesive film. The color remains uniform with high light transmittance, up to 85%. The base film of the intermediate color film layer has high strength, which can improve the overall impact resistance of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of solar photovoltaics, specifically relating to a colored encapsulating film and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Solar cells convert solar energy into electrical energy, relying on the cells to generate electricity. To protect the cells and ensure their proper function, protective sheets are typically installed on both sides of the cells, giving them excellent weather resistance in outdoor environments. An encapsulating film layer is located between the cells and the protective sheets, used to securely connect the cells and the protective sheets. Solar cells are often installed on buildings of various colors. Since the cells themselves are relatively dark, the color of the encapsulating film is often adjusted to suit different applications and enhance the aesthetics of the solar cells, thus meeting various usage requirements.

[0003] Currently, to produce colored films, pigments are typically added to the adhesive, mixed thoroughly, and then cooled to form the film. During solar cell manufacturing, after the components are placed, the film is heated and laminated. During this process, the film melts, becoming unstable and prone to pigment migration, resulting in uneven color. To avoid this uneven color, sufficient pigment is usually added to ensure even distribution. However, excessive pigment addition reduces light transmittance, affecting the solar cell's power generation efficiency. Furthermore, adding pigment to create colored films often results in limited color options and narrow applicability. Additionally, because solar cells are affected by environmental factors, pigment migration within the film can further exacerbate the uneven color problem. In extreme weather conditions (such as hail or sandstorms), impacts from sand or hail can cause solar cells to crack, affecting their lifespan. Therefore, providing a solar cell that is both aesthetically pleasing and impact-resistant is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a colored encapsulating film and a photovoltaic module to solve the problems of uneven film color, low light transmittance, limited color and pattern, and poor hail resistance (impact resistance) in the prior art.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A color encapsulation film includes a first film layer, a second color film layer, and a third film layer arranged in sequence. The second color film layer includes a base film and a pigment coating, wherein the pigment coating is disposed on one or both sides of the base film.

[0007] Furthermore, the first and third adhesive film layers are any one of EVA, EPE, POE, TPU, and PVB.

[0008] Furthermore, the base film is any one of PET, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, PP, and PO.

[0009] Furthermore, the pigment coating is a mixture of pigment and resin.

[0010] Furthermore, the pigment is one or more of organic pigments and inorganic pigments.

[0011] Furthermore, the organic pigments include azo compounds, phthalocyanine compounds, and heterocyclic compounds, preferably one or more of quinacrine copper, dioxazine, phthalocyanine blue, anthraquinone blue, pigment yellow 150, and perylene black.

[0012] Furthermore, the inorganic reflective pigment includes metal oxides, chromates, carbonates, sulfates, and sulfides, preferably one or more of copper chromium black, iron chromium black, cobalt blue, iron oxide red, titanium nickel yellow, and cobalt green.

[0013] Furthermore, the resin is any one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride resin, trifluoroFEVE resin, tetrafluoroFEVE resin, acrylic resin, fluorinated acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, and epoxy resin.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the first and third adhesive film layers is 30-500 μm, and the thickness of the color filter layer is 25-450 μm.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the base film is 20-400 μm, and the thickness of the pigment coating is 5-50 μm.

[0016] Furthermore, the color filter layer can be monochrome, multicolor, or contain a pattern.

[0017] Furthermore, when the color filter layer is placed on both sides of the base film, the color or pattern of the color filter layer can be the same or different.

[0018] Furthermore, the adhesive film layer is used to bond with the color filter layer.

[0019] This utility model also provides a photovoltaic module, which contains any of the above-mentioned colored encapsulating films.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The melting point of the second color film layer is higher than that of the first and third adhesive film layers. During the processing, the pigment coating properties are stable and will not be affected by the state of the adhesive film, thus maintaining uniform color and high aesthetic appeal.

[0022] 2. The pigment coating can be applied to the base film using conventional coating processes. Compared with existing technologies, this reduces the amount of pigment used, and the coating process also ensures uniform pigment distribution. The color film of this invention has a high light transmittance, reaching 85%, while the light transmittance of existing technologies is only 70%.

[0023] 3. By utilizing a coating process, different colored pigment coatings can be applied to the base film according to the needs of different users, resulting in colored films of different colors or even specific patterns, thus improving aesthetics. In contrast, ordinary colored films mix pigments with the film to obtain only a single-color film. To obtain a specific pattern, the single-color film needs to be cut and spliced ​​into the pattern first, increasing production steps and costs. Furthermore, the combined patterned film is still easily affected by the lamination process during subsequent component production, causing the pattern to change and often resulting in unsatisfactory effects.

[0024] 4. The high strength of the base film in the intermediate color filter layer can improve the overall impact resistance of the solar cell. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0026] Wherein: 1. First adhesive film layer; 2. Second color film layer; 3. Third adhesive film layer; 21. Base film; 22. Pigment coating. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model discloses a color encapsulation film, including a first film layer 1, a second color film layer 2 and a third film layer 3 arranged in sequence, wherein the second color film layer includes a base film 21 and a pigment coating 22.

[0029] The first and third adhesive film layers are any one of EVA, EPE, POE, TPU, and PVB. The base film is any one of PET, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, PP, and PO. The pigment coating is a mixture of pigment and resin. The pigment is one or more of organic and inorganic pigments. The organic pigment is an insoluble organic compound and can be azo pigment, phthalocyanine pigment, triarylmethane pigment, polycyclic pigment, etc., such as quinacrine copper, dioxazine, phthalocyanine blue, anthraquinone blue, pigment yellow 150, perylene black, etc. The inorganic pigment includes various metal oxides, chromates, carbonates, sulfates, and sulfides, such as copper chromium black, iron chromium black, cobalt blue, iron oxide red, titanium nickel yellow, cobalt green, and pearlescent powder. The resin is any one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride resin, trifluoroFEVE resin, tetrafluoroFEVE resin, acrylic resin, fluorinated acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, and epoxy resin. The materials and their components involved in this utility model are all common materials on the market and can be used in the above structure.

[0030] The mixing of pigments and resins is common knowledge in the field. For example, polyvinylidene fluoride resin is dissolved into a solution of a certain viscosity, pigments are added, and after thorough mixing, a pigment coating is obtained. Pigments and resins can be mixed in any proportion.

[0031] Pigment coatings can be applied to a base film using conventional coating processes, which are common knowledge in the field. The core of surface coating technology is to form a functional film layer on the substrate surface with a different composition from the substrate through physical or chemical means. For example, conventional processes such as brushing, dipping, thermal spraying, roller coating, curtain coating, screen printing, scraping, inkjet printing, thermal transfer, digital thermal transfer, and laser thermal transfer can obtain a thick and uniformly colored pigment coating on the base film. Existing technologies typically involve directly mixing the base film and pigment to obtain a single-layer pigment coating. This method imposes many restrictions on pigments, requiring consideration of compatibility, and only allows the use of small-particle-size pigments, such as pearlescent powder. The color filter structure of this invention is a two-layer structure, which completely eliminates restrictions on pigments. The color filter of this invention has a high light transmittance, reaching 85%, while the light transmittance of existing technologies is only 70%.

[0032] The pigment coating can be applied to one or both sides of the base film. The pigment coating can be a single color, such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet, etc., or it can be a mixture of multiple colors, or it can be applied to a specific pattern. When applied to both sides of the base film, the pigment coating can be the same or different.

[0033] The thickness of the first and third adhesive film layers is 30-500 μm, and the thickness of the color filter layer is 25-450 μm. The thickness of the base film is 20-400 μm, and the thickness of the pigment coating is 5-50 μm.

[0034] The adhesive film has an adhesive effect. When heated to a molten state, the first and third adhesive film layers are simultaneously bonded and pressed together with the second color filter layer to obtain a colored encapsulating film. Alternatively, the first, second, and third adhesive film layers can be simultaneously bonded and heated and pressed together with other solar cell components, or the prepared colored encapsulating film can be bonded and heated and pressed together with other solar cell components to obtain a photovoltaic module. Specifically, it can be placed between the solar cell and the front panel and / or back panel of the solar cell. The melting point of the intermediate color filter layer is higher than that of the adhesive film layer. During processing, the pigment coating properties remain stable and are not affected by the state of the adhesive film, thus maintaining uniform color and high aesthetic appeal.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the color encapsulation film includes a first film layer 1, a second color film layer 2, and a third film layer 3 arranged in sequence. The color film layer includes a base film 21 and a pigment coating 22, and the pigment coating is disposed on one side of the base film.

[0037] The first adhesive film layer is EVA, with a thickness of 250 μm and a basis weight of 100 g / m³. 2 The second color filter layer has a thickness of 110 μm: the base film is PET with a thickness of 100 μm; the pigment coating is a mixture of phthalocyanine blue and polyvinylidene fluoride resin with a thickness of 10 μm; the pigment coating is applied to the base film using an impregnation process. The third adhesive film layer is EVA with a thickness of 300 μm.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The colored encapsulation film includes a first film layer 1, a second color film layer 2, and a third film layer 3 arranged in sequence. The color film layer includes a base film 21 and a pigment coating 22, and the pigment coating is disposed on both sides of the base film 1.

[0040] The first and third adhesive layers are made of PVB with a thickness of 250 μm. The second color filter layer has a thickness of 210 μm; the base film is made of PP with a thickness of 200 μm; the pigment coating is a mixture of pearlescent powder and acrylic resin with a thickness of 5 μm on one side; the pigment coating is applied to the base film using an impregnation process.

[0041] Comparative Example 1

[0042] EVA resin was mixed with phthalocyanine blue to obtain a colored encapsulating film with a thickness of 660 μm.

[0043] The colored encapsulating films of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to transparency, color uniformity, and impact resistance tests. The test methods are as follows:

[0044] Transparency test: Tested according to the provisions of GB / T 2410-2008 (Determination of light transmittance and haze of transparent plastics).

[0045] Color uniformity test: Select all A4-sized samples, select five sampling points at the four corners and the center, test with a spectrophotometer, and take the average value.

[0046] Impact resistance test: Hail impact resistance performance test was conducted according to IEC 61215, 10.17. The hailstone diameter was 25 mm, the mass was 7.53 g, and the test speed was 23 m / s.

[0047] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0048] Table 1

[0049]

[0050] As shown in the table above, compared with conventional colored encapsulating films, the light transmittance of the colored encapsulating film using this invention can be increased to over 80%, while the light transmittance of conventional colored encapsulating films is less than 70%. In the field of solar cells, a color uniformity ΔEab of less than 3 is acceptable. The color uniformity ΔEab of the colored encapsulating film using this invention is basically controlled within 2, while the color uniformity ΔEab of conventional colored encapsulating films is greater than 5. The attenuation of impact resistance can also be controlled at around 2%, while the impact resistance attenuation of conventional colored encapsulating films is close to 7%.

Claims

1. A colored encapsulating film, characterized in that, It includes a first film layer, a second color film layer and a third film layer arranged in sequence. The second color film layer includes a base film and a pigment coating, and the pigment coating is disposed on one or both sides of the base film.

2. The colored encapsulating film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and third adhesive film layers are any one of EVA, EPE, POE, TPU, and PVB.

3. The colored encapsulating film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base film is any one of PET, PVC, PVDF, PMMA, PP, and PO.

4. The colored encapsulating film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pigment coating is a mixture of pigment and resin.

5. The colored encapsulating film according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pigment is one or more of organic pigments and inorganic pigments.

6. The colored encapsulating film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first and third adhesive film layers is 30-500 μm, and the thickness of the second color filter layer is 25-450 μm.

7. The colored encapsulating film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the base film is 20-400 μm, and the thickness of the pigment coating is 5-50 μm.

8. The colored encapsulating film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The color filter layer can be monochrome, multicolor, or contain a pattern.

9. A photovoltaic module, comprising an encapsulating film, characterized in that, The encapsulating film is the colored encapsulating film according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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