A fastener structure and a curved turnout using the same

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway track traffic engineering equipment technical field discloses a fastener structure, include: the gasket and the wedge, the gasket is located in the rail bearing groove of the turnout sleeper, its top surface is provided with the mounting groove, the wedge is detachably connected in the mounting groove, the top surface of wedge is higher than the top surface of gasket and is provided with the inclined part, and the inclined part is inclinedly arranged along the turnout sleeper width direction, set the embedded part of gasket both sides, the embedded part fixed mounting is in the turnout sleeper, the embedded part all fixed mounting has the first elastic strip, two first elastic strips are respectively pressed and are connected in gasket both sides, be equipped with the rail in the inclined part top, and be equipped with the second elastic strip in gasket, and be located in the wedge both sides, and the second elastic strip is pressed and is connected in the both sides of rail. In addition, the utility model discloses a curve turnout using the fastener structure. The utility model splits the original easy-to-damage part into two-part mechanism, can realize the effect of split type maintenance replacement, and the maintenance cost is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway track transportation engineering equipment technology, and in particular to a fastener structure and a curved turnout using the fastener structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the railway transportation sector, turnouts are key components ensuring the safe and stable operation of trains. Compared to straight turnouts, curved turnouts have more complex geometries and higher mechanical requirements. Their design needs to consider the operating characteristics of trains on curved sections, such as centrifugal force and lateral pressure, to ensure the stability and safety of trains when passing through curves at high speeds. However, the application of traditional fastening structures in curved turnouts presents many problems. Due to the special characteristics of curved turnouts, the contact stress distribution between the rail and the rail pad, and between the rail pad and the turnout sleeper, is uneven, which easily leads to wear and fatigue cracks on the contact surfaces. In addition, curved turnouts are more difficult to maintain, and the cost of replacement and repair is also higher once damage occurs.

[0003] Patent document CN203654097U, entitled "A Fastener Structure and a Curved Turnout Using the Fastener Structure," discloses a fastener structure that includes a specific pad design. The pad and the rail are engaged to fix and support the rail. However, the existing technology has significant drawbacks. Under cyclical train loads, minute relative movements occur between the rail and the pad. This "micro-movement" continuously wears down the contact surfaces, especially around the bolt holes, easily leading to stress concentration and fatigue cracks, causing component damage. Once this occurs, the entire component must be disassembled, replaced, and repositioned before continued use. This design not only increases maintenance costs but may also lead to safety hazards due to untimely replacement.

[0004] Given the shortcomings of the existing integral pad structure, it is particularly urgent to develop a fastener structure that can be partially replaced and quickly repaired. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a fastener structure and a curved turnout using the fastener structure to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned situation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this utility model provides a fastener structure, comprising: The pad and the wedge block are provided. The pad is placed in the rail bearing groove of the turnout sleeper and has an installation groove on its top surface. The wedge block is detachably connected to the installation groove. The top surface of the wedge block is higher than the top surface of the pad and has an inclined part. The inclined part is inclined along the width direction of the turnout sleeper. The embedded parts are arranged on both sides of the pad plate. The embedded parts are fixedly installed in the turnout sleeper. Each embedded part is fixedly installed with a first elastic strip. The two first elastic strips are respectively pressed against both sides of the pad plate. A rail positioned above the inclined section; and A second elastic bar is disposed on the pad and located on both sides of the wedge block, and the second elastic bar is pressed against both sides of the rail.

[0007] Furthermore, a fixing protrusion is provided in the middle of the mounting groove, and a fixing groove is provided at the bottom of the wedge block, wherein the fixing protrusion is adapted to the fixing groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped block is interference-fitted with the mounting groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the first elastic bar is fixedly connected to the embedded part by the first bolt.

[0010] Furthermore, a first gauge block is installed between the first elastic bar and the pad, and the first gauge block is engaged with the pad.

[0011] Furthermore, the second elastic bar is fixedly connected to the pad by a second bolt.

[0012] Furthermore, a second gauge block is installed between the second elastic bar and the rail, the second gauge block abuts against the inclined portion above, and the second gauge block is engaged with the rail.

[0013] Furthermore, a first buffer pad is provided between the rail and the inclined section.

[0014] Furthermore, a second buffer pad and a pressure plate are provided between the pad and the turnout sleeper. The pressure plate is located below the second buffer pad and is used to adjust the rail surface height.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the fastener structure of this utility model and the curved turnout using the fastener structure have the following advantages: During use, the wedge block will wear down over time due to wear and tear on the rail, causing damage to the wedge block. Similarly, the pads around the bolt holes will also be damaged over time. This invention divides the original pad structure into two parts: the wedge block and the pad. By separating the original vulnerable part into two components, it achieves the effect of separate maintenance and replacement. Moreover, when the wedge block is damaged, it can be replaced by simply removing and installing the second spring clip and the rail. Compared with the traditional structure, this method has higher maintenance efficiency and lower maintenance costs.

[0016] The second aspect of this utility model provides a curved turnout using the fastener structure.

[0017] The curved turnout has the same advantages over the prior art as the fastener structure described above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fastener structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wedge block of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the wedge block of this utility model from another perspective.

[0020] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Pad; 2. Mounting groove; 3. Fixing protrusion; 4. Wedge block; 5. Inclined part; 6. Fixing groove; 7. Embedded part; 8. First elastic bar; 9. Rail; 10. Second elastic bar; 11. First bolt; 12. First gauge block; 13. Second bolt; 14. Second gauge block; 15. First buffer pad; 16. Second buffer pad; 17. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 The first aspect of this utility model provides a fastener structure, including a pad 1, a wedge block 4, an embedded part 7, a first elastic bar 8, a rail 9, and a second elastic bar 10.

[0024] The base plate 1 is installed in the rail bearing groove of the turnout sleeper, and its top surface is designed with an installation groove 2. The wedge block 4 is installed in the installation groove 2 of the base plate 1 via a detachable connection. The top surface of the wedge block 4 is higher than the top surface of the base plate 1 and has an inclined portion 5, which is inclined along the width direction of the turnout sleeper. This design allows the rail 9 to fit tightly against the inclined portion 5 of the wedge block 4, thus achieving stable support for the rail 9. It is worth mentioning that the design of the wedge block 4 allows for individual replacement. When the wedge block 4 is worn or damaged, it is not necessary to replace the entire base plate 1; only the wedge block 4 needs to be replaced. This design greatly improves the efficiency of replacement and maintenance and reduces maintenance costs. Embedded parts 7 are provided on both sides of the base plate 1, and these embedded parts 7 are fixedly installed in the turnout sleeper. Each embedded part 7 is fixedly installed with a first elastic strip 8, and the two first elastic strips 8 are respectively pressed against both sides of the base plate 1. The rail 9 is installed above the inclined portion 5 of the wedge block 4. On the pad 1, second elastic bars 10 are respectively provided on both sides of the wedge block 4 and are pressed against both sides of the rail 9.

[0025] Preferably, combined with Figure 2-3 A fixing protrusion 3 is provided in the middle of the mounting groove 2, and a fixing groove 6 is provided at the bottom of the wedge block 4. The fixing protrusion 3 and the fixing groove 6 are adapted to each other, and the fixing protrusion 3 and the fixing groove 6 are preferably rectangular in structure. The wedge block 4 and the mounting groove 2 are interference-fitted. This design increases the contact area between the wedge block 4 and the pad 1, which further enhances the structural stability when the two are used together and avoids misalignment of the wedge block 4 during use.

[0026] Specifically, the first elastic bar 8 is fixedly connected to the embedded part 7 by the first bolt 11, ensuring the stable installation of the pad 1 in the turnout sleeper. To further improve stability, a first gauge block 12 is also installed between the first elastic bar 8 and the pad 1. The first gauge block 12 is engaged with the pad 1, thereby ensuring the gauge accuracy of the rail 9.

[0027] On the pad 1, second elastic bars 10 are respectively provided on both sides of the wedge block 4. The second elastic bars 10 are fixedly connected to the pad 1 by second bolts 13 and are pressed against both sides of the rail 9. A second gauge block 14 is installed between the second elastic bars 10 and the rail 9. The second gauge block 14 is engaged with the rail 9 to further ensure the stability and gauge accuracy of the rail 9.

[0028] Optionally, a first buffer pad 15 is provided between the rail 9 and the inclined portion 5 of the wedge block 4 to buffer the pressure between the rail 9 and the wedge block 4, reducing vibration and wear. A second buffer pad 16 and a pressure plate 17 are provided between the pad plate 1 and the turnout sleeper. The pressure plate 17 is located below the second buffer pad 16 and is used to adjust the rail surface height to ensure the flatness and stability of the rail 9.

[0029] During use, the wedge block 4 will wear down over time due to wear and tear on the rail 9, causing damage to the wedge block 4. Similarly, the pads around the bolt holes will also be damaged over time. This utility model divides the original pad structure into two parts: the wedge block 4 and the pad 1. By separating the original vulnerable part into two parts, it can achieve the effect of separate maintenance and replacement. Moreover, when the wedge block 4 is damaged, it can be replaced by simply removing and installing the second spring clip and the rail. Compared with the traditional structure, the maintenance efficiency is higher and the maintenance cost is lower.

[0030] The second aspect of this utility model provides a curved turnout using the above-mentioned fastener structure, which makes the curved turnout have lower maintenance costs and is easier to maintain and repair.

[0031] The rail base slope of this curved turnout is determined according to the permissible speed of the turnout. For domestic main lines, i.e., when the permissible speed is greater than 120 km / h, the rail base slope is set at 1:40; otherwise, no rail base slope is set. The switch rail of this utility model curved turnout uses a low-profile special section steel rail that matches the stock rail, and the heel end of the switch rail is forged into the same rail end face as the stock rail.

[0032] The fixed frog of this utility model curved turnout adopts an alloy steel assembly frog, with a forged frog core. The frog core, point rail, and wing rail are connected by bolts through machining, resulting in a long service life. The point rail adopts a movable point rail frog, and its structural form is basically the same as that of existing turnouts. The point rail adopts a structure assembled from low-profile special cross-section steel rails, and the wing rails are made of rolled special cross-section steel rails.

[0033] The rail fastening system of the curved turnout of this utility model adopts the fastening structure described in this embodiment, wherein the second elastic bar 10 is a type II elastic bar and the second bolt 13 is a T-bolt; an elastic clamping structure is adopted on the slide plate, specifically an elastic clamp or spring clip clamping structure.

[0034] The track foundation of this utility model curved turnout uses concrete turnout sleepers. Depending on the type of track bed, two types can be used: ballasted turnout sleepers and ballastless turnout sleepers. The turnout sleepers are arranged in a fan shape according to the main line of the turnout.

[0035] The curved turnout has the same advantages over the prior art as the fastener structure described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0037] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fastener structure, characterized in that, include: The pad (1) and the wedge block (4) are provided. The pad (1) is located in the rail bearing groove of the turnout sleeper and has an installation groove (2) on its top surface. The wedge block (4) is detachably connected in the installation groove (2). The top surface of the wedge block (4) is higher than the top surface of the pad (1) and has an inclined part (5). The inclined part (5) is inclined along the width direction of the turnout sleeper. The embedded parts (7) are set on both sides of the pad (1). The embedded parts (7) are fixedly installed in the turnout sleeper. The first elastic strips (8) are fixedly installed on each of the embedded parts (7). The two first elastic strips (8) are respectively pressed against both sides of the pad (1). The rail (9) is provided above the inclined portion (5); and A second elastic bar (10) is provided on the pad (1) and located on both sides of the wedge block (4), and the second elastic bar (10) is pressed against both sides of the rail (9).

2. The fastener structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting groove (2) has a fixing protrusion (3) in the middle, and the wedge block (4) has a fixing groove (6) at the bottom. The fixing protrusion (3) is adapted to the fixing groove (6).

3. The fastener structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wedge block (4) is interference-fitted with the mounting groove (2).

4. The fastener structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first elastic bar (8) is fixedly connected to the embedded part (7) by the first bolt (11).

5. The fastener structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first gauge block (12) is also installed between the first elastic bar (8) and the pad (1), and the first gauge block (12) is engaged with the pad (1).

6. The fastener structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second elastic bar (10) is fixedly connected to the pad (1) by the second bolt (13).

7. The fastener structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, A second gauge block (14) is installed between the second elastic bar (10) and the rail (9). The second gauge block (14) abuts against the inclined part (5) and is engaged with the rail (9).

8. The fastener structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first buffer pad (15) is provided between the rail (9) and the inclined part (5).

9. The fastener structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second buffer pad (16) and a pressure plate (17) are provided between the pad (1) and the turnout sleeper. The pressure plate (17) is located below the second buffer pad (16) and is used to adjust the rail surface height.

10. A curved turnout, characterized in that, The curved turnout is provided with a fastening structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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