A slope surface ventilation cooling structure of embankment of permafrost in snow-covered area

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of slope surface ventilation cooling structures of permafrost embankment in snow-covered area, belong to frozen soil engineering technical field, including pipe body, the pipe body includes first tube body and second tube body, the first tube body is perpendicular with second tube body, first accelerating tube is arranged in the first tube body, second accelerating tube is arranged in the second tube body, the first accelerating tube and second accelerating tube are both two ends diameter greater than the diameter of intermediate position, unpowered hood and snow-removing fan blade are arranged on the first tube body. One end of pipe body is in-depth embankment inside, one end stretches out slope surface, roadbed is communicated with external environment, forms ventilation passage, provides basic path for air flow, simultaneously its structure of stretching out slope surface can reduce the direct interference of accumulated snow to passage;Accelerating tube in pipe is optimized according to the principle of fluid mechanics over flow section, air flow is lifted when air flows, the combination of both can accelerate the circulation flow efficiency of air in embankment inside.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of frozen soil engineering technology, specifically relating to a slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this utility model and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In high-latitude regions, thick snow cover in winter is a significant environmental factor that substantially affects the thermal conditions of permafrost. For road engineering, snow accumulation on embankment slopes is also an important boundary element, acting as insulation and hindering heat dissipation from the roadbed slope in winter, significantly reducing heat loss from the soil to the atmosphere. In particular, for cooling structures widely used in road engineering in high-altitude permafrost regions, such as riprap and ventilation pipes, the snow accumulation and blown snow on both sides of the embankment in winter will fill and cover these structures, weakening or even stopping the internal convective heat transfer process. This leads to the failure of the cooling structures and increases the risk of thermal thawing of the permafrost foundation.

[0004] The main defects in embankment engineering in permafrost regions are embankment subsidence, cracking, and tilting caused by the asphalt pavement, heat absorption on both slopes, warming of the underlying permafrost foundation due to climate change, and melting of underground ice. Studies show that road construction in permafrost regions alters the surface-atmosphere energy exchange process, disrupting the original thermal balance of the underlying permafrost foundation. This leads to a continuous decrease in the upper limit of the underlying permafrost and melting of underground ice, especially under the current climate change context. Permafrost degradation and underground ice melting directly result in excessive settlement and deformation during embankment operation, causing the embankment structure to lose overall stability and develop serious engineering defects including uneven settlement, cracking, and tilting.

[0005] To ensure the stability of the embankment structure, the long-term thermal stability of the underlying permafrost foundation must be guaranteed. This requires a series of engineering measures to prevent the permafrost beneath the embankment from degrading. Traditional methods involve altering the radiation, convection, and heat transfer processes of the embankment structure to protect and cool the underlying permafrost. Common measures include riprap, ventilation pipes, heat pipes, and sunshades (sheds). Existing engineering experience in high-altitude permafrost regions, such as the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, demonstrates that these engineering measures effectively protect the thermal stability of the permafrost foundation beneath the embankment.

[0006] Existing technologies have significant limitations in addressing the impact of snow accumulation and improving ventilation efficiency. In the face of snow accumulation and blowing snow, existing structures struggle to effectively prevent external debris from interfering with internal channels, hindering heat exchange and thus impairing cooling performance. Furthermore, existing technologies fail to fully leverage airflow and cold storage efficiency within the embankment, making it difficult for the subgrade to accumulate sufficient cold during the cold season. This results in insufficient resistance to risks such as permafrost subsidence and structural cracking during the warmer seasons, negatively impacting the long-term stability of the embankment. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas. One end of the pipe extends into the embankment, while the other end protrudes from the slope, connecting the roadbed with the external environment to form a ventilation channel, providing a basic path for airflow. Simultaneously, its protruding structure reduces direct interference from snow accumulation on the channel. An acceleration tube inside the pipe optimizes the flow cross-section based on fluid mechanics principles, increasing the flow velocity as air passes through. The combination of these two elements accelerates the air circulation efficiency within the embankment, enhancing heat dissipation from the roadbed to the external environment and facilitating more efficient storage of external cold energy within the roadbed during the cold season. This enhances the cooling effect on the permafrost embankment and ensures the thermal stability of the permafrost. A wind-powered snowplow actively removes snow, preventing it from clogging the structure and ensuring convective heat transfer. A non-powered wind cap, combined with an internal air acceleration device, accelerates airflow within the embankment, enhancing heat dissipation.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas includes a pipe body, which comprises a first pipe body and a second pipe body. The first pipe body is perpendicular to the second pipe body. A first acceleration pipe is installed inside the first pipe body, and a second acceleration pipe is installed inside the second pipe body. The diameters of both the first and second acceleration pipes are larger at their ends than the diameter at the middle position. A non-powered wind cap and snow removal fan blades are installed on the first pipe body.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the first pipe body is perpendicular to the ground, and the upper end of the first pipe body extends out of the slope; the second pipe body is parallel to the ground, and one end of the second pipe body extends into the embankment.

[0010] As a further technical solution, one end of the first tube and the other end of the second tube are fixedly connected, and the first tube and the second tube together form an L-shaped tube.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the two ends of the first accelerating tube are fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the first tube body, and the two ends of the second accelerating tube are fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the second tube body.

[0012] As a further technical solution, a wind-powered snow removal fan is fitted onto the upper end of the first tube body, and the wind-powered snow removal fan and the first tube body are rotatably connected.

[0013] As a further technical solution, a non-powered wind cap is provided at the top of the first tube body, and the non-powered wind cap and the first tube body are detachably connected.

[0014] As a further technical solution, a rotary bearing is fitted in the middle of the first tube body, and the rotary bearing and the first tube body are detachably connected.

[0015] As a further technical solution, snow removal fan blades are provided on the rotary bearing, and the snow removal fan blades and the rotary bearing are detachably connected.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the upper end of the first acceleration tube is at a height lower than the installation height of the wind-powered snow blower, and the lower end of the first acceleration tube is at a height level with the upper end of the second tube body.

[0017] As a further technical solution, one end of the second acceleration tube is flush with the side of the first tube body, and the other end of the second acceleration tube is located at the outlet position of the first tube body.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are: The pipe body of this invention consists of an L-shaped structure formed by a first pipe body perpendicular to the ground and a second pipe body parallel to the ground. One end extends into the embankment and the other end extends out of the slope, forming a stable channel connecting the roadbed and the external environment. Accelerator pipes are respectively installed inside the two pipe bodies, with the diameters at both ends larger than the middle position. By optimizing the flow cross-section, airflow is guided, increasing the air velocity as it flows through the pipes, accelerating air circulation within the embankment. This promotes heat dissipation from the roadbed to the outside and facilitates efficient storage of cold energy in the roadbed during the cold season, enhancing the cooling effect to ensure the thermal stability of the permafrost.

[0019] This utility model features a non-powered vent cap installed at the top of the first pipe body and detachably connected to it. It achieves autonomous rotation by generating power through the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pipe. This rotation actively draws air out of the embankment, further improving airflow efficiency and heat dissipation, allowing the roadbed to accumulate more cooling capacity during the cold season. Simultaneously, the vent cap prevents rain and snow from entering the pipe body, avoiding channel blockage and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the ventilation structure, providing sustained support for the thermal stability of permafrost.

[0020] This utility model features a wind-powered snow removal fan fitted into the middle of a first tube. The snow removal fan blades are mounted on the first tube via rotating bearings. Driven by natural wind, the blades rotate to actively clear away accumulated snow around the tube, preventing snow from covering or clogging the tube and the non-powered wind cap. This effectively addresses interference from snow accumulation and windblown snow, ensuring unobstructed ventilation, maintaining continuous convective heat transfer within the tube, and guaranteeing the normal functioning of the entire cooling structure in snowy environments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the slope ventilation and cooling structure of the permafrost embankment in snow-covered areas according to this utility model. Figure 2 This is a top view of the slope ventilation and cooling structure of the permafrost embankment in snow-covered areas according to this utility model. In the diagram: 1. Unpowered wind cap, 2. Wind-powered snow blower, 3. Pipe body; 4. First pipe body, 5. First acceleration pipe, 6. Rotary bearing, 7. Snow blower blade, 8. Second acceleration pipe, 9. Second pipe body. Detailed Implementation

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] Existing technologies have significant limitations in addressing the impact of snow accumulation and improving ventilation efficiency. In the face of snow accumulation and blowing snow, existing structures struggle to effectively prevent external debris from interfering with internal channels, hindering heat exchange and thus impairing cooling performance. Furthermore, existing technologies fail to fully leverage airflow and cold storage efficiency within the embankment, making it difficult for the subgrade to accumulate sufficient cold during the cold season. This results in insufficient resistance to risks such as permafrost subsidence and structural cracking during the warmer seasons, negatively impacting the long-term stability of the embankment.

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This embodiment discloses a slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a pipe body 3, which includes a first pipe body 4 and a second pipe body 9. The first pipe body 4 is perpendicular to the second pipe body 9. A first acceleration pipe 5 is installed inside the first pipe body 4, and a second acceleration pipe 8 is installed inside the second pipe body 9. The diameters of both the first acceleration pipe 5 and the second acceleration pipe 8 are larger at both ends than the diameter at the middle position. A non-powered wind cap 1 and a snow removal fan blade 7 are installed on the first pipe body 4.

[0026] The tube body 3 is composed of a first tube body 4 and a second tube body 9 that are perpendicular to each other. The first acceleration tube 5 and the second acceleration tube 8 are respectively installed in the corresponding internal spaces of the two tube bodies. The acceleration tube has a shape that is wide at both ends and narrow in the middle. At the same time, a non-powered wind cap 1 and a snow removal fan blade 7 are respectively installed at the corresponding positions of the first tube body 4. All components work together to form a complete ventilation and cooling system.

[0027] Specifically, the pipe body consists of an L-shaped structure formed by a first pipe body 4 perpendicular to the ground and a second pipe body 9 parallel to the ground. One end extends into the embankment and the other end extends out of the slope. In practical applications, the height is 1.5m or more, forming a stable channel connecting the roadbed and the external environment. Accelerator pipes are respectively installed inside the two pipe bodies, with the diameters at both ends being larger than the middle position. By optimizing the flow cross-section, airflow is guided, increasing the air velocity as it flows through the pipes, accelerating air circulation inside the embankment. This promotes the dissipation of heat from the roadbed to the outside and facilitates the efficient entry of cold energy into the roadbed for storage during the cold season, enhancing the cooling effect to ensure the thermal stability of the permafrost.

[0028] In practical use, multiple pipes 3 are spaced at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the specified direction, with the spacing between adjacent pipes ranging from 2.0m to 4.0m; the specified direction perpendicular to the specified direction refers to the direction of road surface extension. During the actual fabrication of the slope ventilation and cooling structure, components can be prefabricated in the factory and assembled on-site, saving on-site construction costs. All components are made of ordinary geosynthetic materials, resulting in low cost, fewer construction steps, and simple maintenance. The entire structure can be constructed during embankment slope trimming without affecting the embankment filling process, and all structures are modular, making construction quick, convenient, and requiring minimal manpower and machinery.

[0029] The first pipe body 4 is perpendicular to the ground, and its upper end extends out of the slope. The second pipe body 9 is parallel to the ground, and one end of the second pipe body 9 extends into the embankment. One end of the first pipe body 4 and the other end of the second pipe body 9 are fixedly connected, and the first pipe body 4 and the second pipe body 9 together form an L-shaped pipe body 3.

[0030] Specifically, the first pipe body 4 is perpendicular to the road traffic direction. During installation, the first pipe body 4 is kept perpendicular to the ground, with its upper end extending upward and out of the embankment slope to ensure full contact with the external environment. The second pipe body 9 is kept parallel to the ground, with one end extending into the embankment and penetrating into it, so that the pipe body 3 can penetrate the roadbed and the external environment, providing a basic path for air circulation.

[0031] The first accelerator tube 5 and the second accelerator tube 8 utilize the Venturi effect and consist of the following parts: an inlet section is a short cylindrical section with a diameter of D, not less than 20 cm; a constriction section is a conical tube with a cone angle of approximately 21°±2°; a throat is a short straight tube section with a diameter of approximately 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 D and a length equal to the tube diameter; and a diffuser section is a conical tube with a cone angle of 8° to 15°. When air flows within the tubes, the flow velocity increases due to localized contraction at the throat of the accelerator tube.

[0032] The direction of the upper ventilation opening of the pipe body 3 is adjustable, which can be achieved by rotating the bending structure relative to other components in the L-shaped ventilation pipe, thus facilitating adjustment.

[0033] The two ends of the first acceleration tube 5 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first tube body 4, and the two ends of the second acceleration tube 8 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second tube body 9.

[0034] Specifically, inside the first tube body 4, the two ends of the first acceleration tube 5 are tightly fixed to the inner wall of the tube body to ensure that the installation is stable and does not loosen; similarly, inside the second tube body 9, the two ends of the second acceleration tube 8 are fixedly connected to the corresponding inner wall of the tube body, so that the acceleration tube and the tube body form an integrated structure to avoid leakage or airflow turbulence when air flows through.

[0035] A wind-powered snowplow 2 is fitted onto the upper end of the first tube body 4, and the wind-powered snowplow 2 and the first tube body 4 are rotatably connected. A rotary bearing 6 is fitted onto the middle part of the first tube body 4, and the rotary bearing 6 and the first tube body 4 are detachably connected. A snowplow blade 7 is mounted on the rotary bearing 6, and the snowplow blade 7 and the rotary bearing 6 are detachably connected.

[0036] Specifically, the wind-powered snow blower 2 is installed in the middle of the first pipe body 4. The snow blower blades 7 are mounted on the first pipe body 4 via a rotating bearing 6. Driven by natural wind, the blades rotate to actively clear the snow accumulated around the pipe body 3, preventing snow from covering or blocking the pipe body and the non-powered wind cap 1. This effectively addresses the interference caused by snow accumulation and windblown snow, ensures unobstructed ventilation channels, maintains continuous convective heat transfer within the pipe, and ensures that the entire cooling structure functions normally in snowy environments.

[0037] The wind-powered snowplow 2 converts wind energy into kinetic energy to rotate. The stronger the wind, the faster the rotation speed, thus preventing snow from accumulating around the device. The wind-powered snowplows 2 are evenly distributed on the pipe body 3, with the minimum interval between adjacent snowplows being 0.4m.

[0038] The top of the first tube body 4 is equipped with a non-powered wind cap 1, and the non-powered wind cap 1 and the first tube body 4 are detachably connected.

[0039] Specifically, the non-powered vent cap 1 is installed on top of the first pipe body 4 and is detachably connected to the pipe body. It rotates autonomously by generating power from the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pipe. Its rotation can actively draw out air from inside the embankment, further improving airflow efficiency and enhancing heat dissipation, allowing the roadbed to accumulate more cold energy during the cold season. At the same time, the vent cap can prevent rain and snow from entering the interior of the pipe body 3, avoiding channel blockage, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the ventilation structure, and providing continuous support for the thermal stability of the permafrost.

[0040] The upper end of the first acceleration tube 5 is lower than the installation height of the wind-powered snow blower 2, and the lower end of the first acceleration tube 5 is level with the upper end of the second tube body 9. One end of the second acceleration tube 8 is level with the side of the first tube body 4, and the other end of the second acceleration tube 8 is located at the outlet position of the first tube body 4.

[0041] Specifically, when installing the first acceleration tube 5, its installation height is controlled so that its upper end is below the installation position of the wind-powered snow blower 2, and its lower end is flush with the upper end of the second tube body 9, ensuring smooth airflow between the two tube bodies; when installing the second acceleration tube 8, one end of it is aligned with the side of the first tube body 4, and the other end extends to the outlet position of the first tube body 4, optimizing the airflow path and improving airflow efficiency.

[0042] Although the specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of the present utility model are still within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas, characterized in that, The device includes a pipe body, which comprises a first pipe body and a second pipe body. The first pipe body is perpendicular to the second pipe body. A first acceleration pipe is disposed inside the first pipe body, and a second acceleration pipe is disposed inside the second pipe body. The diameters of both the first and second acceleration pipes are larger at their ends than the diameter at the middle position. A non-powered wind cap and snow removal fan blades are disposed on the first pipe body.

2. The slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first pipe is perpendicular to the ground, and its upper end extends out of the slope; the second pipe is parallel to the ground, and one end of the second pipe extends into the embankment.

3. The slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the first tube and the other end of the second tube are fixedly connected, and the first tube and the second tube together form an L-shaped tube.

4. The slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the first acceleration tube are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first tube body, and the two ends of the second acceleration tube are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second tube body.

5. The slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A wind-powered snow removal fan is fitted onto the upper end of the first tube body, and the wind-powered snow removal fan and the first tube body are rotatably connected.

6. The slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A non-powered wind cap is provided at the top of the first tube body, and the non-powered wind cap and the first tube body are detachably connected.

7. The slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A rotary bearing is fitted in the middle of the first tube body, and the rotary bearing and the first tube body are detachably connected.

8. The slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Snow removal fan blades are provided on the rotary bearing, and the snow removal fan blades and the rotary bearing are detachably connected.

9. The slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the first acceleration tube is at a height lower than the installation height of the wind-powered snow blower, and the lower end of the first acceleration tube is at the same height as the upper end of the second tube.

10. A slope ventilation and cooling structure for permafrost embankments in snow-covered areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the second acceleration tube is flush with the side of the first tube body, and the other end of the second acceleration tube is located at the outlet of the first tube body.

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