Long-life shock-resistant plate-type rubber bearing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a long -life shock -resistant type plate rubber support belongs to bridge construction technology field, this rubber support includes: rubber support, installs between the beam body and pier column, upper friction body, its located rubber support's upper end, with the bottom wall of beam body and is in contact, lower friction body, its located rubber support's lower extreme, with the top wall of pier column and is in contact, wherein, rubber support is configured as, under the action of earthquake load, the shear deformation force of rubber support in horizontal direction gradually changes from being less than the friction between upper friction body and beam body to being greater than the friction between upper friction body and beam body with the increase of shear displacement, the friction between lower friction body and pier column is greater than the shear deformation force of rubber support in horizontal direction, the friction between upper friction body and beam body is less than the friction between lower friction body and pier column, the utility model can solve the problem that the displacement of support cannot release when the earthquake comes, and the beam body or pier column cannot release excessive stress and is easily damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge construction technology, and in particular to a long-life, earthquake-resistant plate rubber bearing. Background Technology

[0002] As the main load-bearing components of a bridge, bridge piers simultaneously bear the combined effects of axial force, shear force, and bending moment under strong earthquakes. If the force transmitted from the superstructure to the substructure through the supports is very large, such as with high-damping supports, it can reach 300% shear displacement. After reaching such a large shear displacement, the destructive force on the bridge pier is very large, making it susceptible to damage.

[0003] The inventors' earthquake damage investigation revealed that simple-supported beam bridges primarily suffered damage to the superstructure, with fewer instances of substructure damage, which was also relatively minor and easier to repair. Continuous beam bridges also primarily suffered damage to the superstructure, with some instances of pier failure and even complete collapse. Furthermore, practical experience showed that beam bridges using plate rubber bearings experienced a significantly lower rate of severe damage compared to those using other bearing types. Plate rubber bearings in small-to-medium span beam bridges with cap beams at the pier tops demonstrated excellent seismic isolation and energy dissipation capabilities. Therefore, when small-to-medium span beam bridges are subjected to destructive earthquakes, rubber bearings can be prioritized for damage as "fuse-like units." The frictional slippage of the rubber bearings effectively protects the piers and pile foundations, sacrificing a local area to protect the overall structure. Based on this, a seismic design concept of "multi-layered fortification, graded energy dissipation," and "one-way, three-easy" is adopted for bridge seismic design.

[0004] Due to their excessive shear stiffness and low horizontal deformation and energy dissipation capacity, plate rubber bearings cannot meet the greater displacement demands during earthquakes. Typical seismic damage includes beam collapse caused by excessive relative displacement between piers and beams after bearing slippage, beam displacement, and damage to bearings and retaining blocks. Existing rubber-based seismic isolation bearings and lead-core rubber bearings pose environmental pollution problems, hindering sustainable development. The mechanical properties of high-damping rubber bearings are easily affected by factors such as materials and temperature. Therefore, developing a plate rubber bearing that combines long service life with excellent seismic resistance to effectively improve the seismic performance of bridges and reduce the risk of earthquake damage to bridge structures has significant engineering value and practical significance for improving the safety and durability of bridge operations. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model discloses a long-life, earthquake-resistant plate rubber bearing to solve the problems in related technologies.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing, comprising: a rubber bearing installed between a beam and a pier; an upper friction body disposed at the upper end of the rubber bearing and abutting against the bottom wall of the beam; and a lower friction body disposed at the lower end of the rubber bearing and abutting against the top wall of the pier; wherein, the rubber bearing is configured such that, under seismic load, the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing in the horizontal direction gradually changes from less than the friction force between the upper friction body and the beam to greater than the friction force between the upper friction body and the beam as the shear displacement increases; the friction force between the lower friction body and the pier is greater than the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing in the horizontal direction; the friction force between the upper friction body and the beam is less than the friction force between the lower friction body and the pier; and / or, the friction coefficient of the upper friction body is less than the friction coefficient of the lower friction body.

[0008] Preferably, the rubber support includes a rubber base and a reinforcing steel plate, wherein multiple reinforcing steel plates are embedded at intervals inside the rubber base.

[0009] Preferably, the reinforcing steel plate is horizontally embedded in the rubber seat; along the vertical direction, multiple horizontally placed reinforcing steel plates are spaced apart in the rubber seat.

[0010] Preferably, the upper friction body includes an upper friction substrate, the lower surface of which is connected to the upper surface of the rubber seat, and the upper surface of the upper friction substrate is in contact with the lower surface of the beam.

[0011] Preferably, the lower friction body includes a lower friction base plate, the upper surface of which is connected to the lower surface of the rubber seat, and the lower surface of which is in contact with the upper surface of the pier.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a lower plate having a limiting groove, wherein at least a portion of the lower friction body is embedded in the limiting groove in the vertical direction to limit the horizontal displacement of the lower friction body.

[0013] Preferably, the lower plate is welded to the surface of the pier; or, the lower plate is fixed to the surface of the pier by anchor bolts.

[0014] Preferably, the outer surface of the reinforcing steel plate is coated with a rubber adhesive.

[0015] Preferably, the reinforcing steel plate is installed in the rubber seat after being treated with degreasing spray.

[0016] Secondly, this utility model also provides a design method for a long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing, used for the long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing described in any of the above-mentioned schemes, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Obtain the seismic foundation parameters of the piers and beams under the current section of the bridge under seismic action. Based on these foundation parameters, determine the strength of the rubber bearings arranged on the bridge so that the rubber bearings are in the standard load-bearing state when installed between the piers and beams.

[0018] A pre-test was conducted on the rubber bearing under temperature change to simulate the displacement of the rubber bearing under temperature change, in order to detect whether the displacement distance of the rubber bearing exceeds the allowable design displacement of the bearing. If the displacement distance of the rubber bearing exceeds the allowable design displacement, it indicates that the rubber bearing is not suitable for the installation of the piers and beams under the current bridge. If the displacement distance of the rubber bearing is less than or equal to the allowable design displacement of the bearing, it indicates that the rubber bearing is suitable for the installation of the piers and beams under the current bridge.

[0019] Based on the strength of the rubber bearing, the friction coefficients of the upper and lower friction bodies are designed, requiring that the friction coefficient of the upper friction body is less than that of the lower friction body, and that the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing in the horizontal direction is less than that of the upper friction body.

[0020] A pre-test was conducted on the overall plate rubber bearing under temperature change to simulate the stress condition of the plate rubber bearing under temperature change. If the upper friction body and the lower friction body do not slide after the displacement is released by the elastic deformation of the rubber bearing under temperature change, it indicates that the plate rubber bearing is suitable for the installation of the pier and beam of the current bridge. If not, it needs to be replaced.

[0021] A pre-test was conducted on the overall plate rubber bearing under seismic loading to simulate the stress conditions of the plate rubber bearing under seismic loading. Under seismic loading, the rubber bearing of the plate rubber bearing first undergoes elastic deformation to release displacement. After the displacement generated by the continued seismic loading exceeds the displacement released by the elastic deformation of the rubber bearing, the upper friction body then undergoes sliding release displacement, while the lower friction body remains unchanged. This indicates that the plate rubber bearing is suitable for the installation of the piers and beams under the current bridge. If not, it needs to be replaced.

[0022] The technical solution adopted in this utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention employs a multi-stage displacement release mechanism of shearing followed by sliding, effectively solving the problem of traditional rubber bearings being prone to tearing or fatigue damage due to excessive shear deformation under temperature changes and seismic loads. Specifically, under temperature change conditions, the rubber bearing first adapts to small displacements through its own elastic shear deformation. Under strong dynamic loads such as earthquakes, the rubber bearing first releases the shear displacement. When its deformation reaches a preset limit, relative sliding begins between the upper friction body and the beam, thereby achieving staged energy dissipation and reducing the direct impact of seismic energy on the rubber bearing to a certain extent. This staged release mechanism allows the various components of the bearing to share the load collaboratively, mitigating the risk of seismic damage to the rubber material, improving overall seismic performance, and extending service life. It provides robust seismic protection with a high safety margin for bridge structures and has significant engineering application value.

[0024] This invention further incorporates a lower plate with a limiting groove, allowing at least a portion of the lower friction element to embed within the groove. This vertically constrains the horizontal displacement of the lower friction element, effectively mitigating the risk of beam collapse caused by relative sliding of the friction components at the bottom of the support. Specifically, by pre-processing the limiting groove on the lower plate, the displacement of the lower friction plate under earthquakes or sudden dynamic loads can be effectively limited, preventing excessive relative sliding between it and the pier contact surface, thereby mitigating localized stress concentration and structural loosening. Simultaneously, fixing the lower plate to the pier surface using welding or anchor bolts further enhances the connection strength at the bottom of the support, ensuring high stability of the overall structure under complex stress conditions. This provides solid support and safety for the bridge structure, demonstrating promising engineering application prospects and practical benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the rubber bearing, the pier, and the beam, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application, used to illustrate the internal structure of the rubber bearing. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the rubber bearing, the pier, and the beam under temperature change, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the rubber bearing, pier, and beam under seismic load, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application, used to illustrate the internal structure of the rubber bearing. Figure 2 .

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 100, Rubber bearing; 110, Rubber seat; 120, Reinforcing steel plate; 200, Beam; 300, Pier column; 400, Upper friction body; 410, Upper friction plate; 500, Lower friction body; 510, Lower friction plate; 600, Lower plate; 610, Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0034] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0035] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 5 This application provides a detailed description of a long-life, earthquake-resistant plate rubber bearing and its design method through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0036] Firstly, combining Figures 1-4A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing includes a rubber bearing 100, an upper friction body 400, and a lower friction body 500. The rubber bearing 100 is installed between a beam 200 and a pier 300. The upper friction body 400 is located at the upper end of the rubber bearing 100 and abuts against the bottom wall of the beam 200. Furthermore, the lower friction body 500 is located at the lower end of the rubber bearing 100 and abuts against the top wall of the pier 300.

[0037] For example, the rubber bearing 100 is configured such that, under seismic load, the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing 100 in the horizontal direction gradually changes from less than the friction force between the upper friction body 400 and the beam 200 to greater than the friction force between the upper friction body 400 and the beam 200 as the shear displacement increases; at the same time, the friction force between the lower friction body 500 and the pier 300 is greater than the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing 100 in the horizontal direction.

[0038] Furthermore, the frictional force between the upper friction body 400 and the beam 200 is less than the frictional force between the lower friction body 500 and the pier 300; and / or, the coefficient of friction of the upper friction body 400 is less than the coefficient of friction of the lower friction body 500.

[0039] It is worth noting that the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing 100 in the horizontal direction refers to the force released or resisted by the shear displacement of the rubber bearing 100 under earthquake action.

[0040] Based on this, the rubber bearing 100, as the main buffer component, is installed between the beam 200 and the pier 300. It is used to release a certain displacement through shear deformation under temperature changes and seismic action. The upper friction body 400 is set at the upper end of the rubber bearing 100 and contacts the bottom wall of the beam 200. Its friction coefficient and friction force are reasonably designed to be relatively low relative to the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing 100 in the horizontal direction, so that it will not produce obvious sliding under temperature change conditions. At the same time, under seismic action, when the shear displacement of the rubber bearing 100 reaches the design limit, the upper friction body 400 begins to slide between itself and the beam 200 to further release the displacement. With the help of continuous back-and-forth sliding friction, it is beneficial to disperse and dissipate seismic energy, thereby reducing the risk of the rubber bearing 100 tearing or being damaged due to excessive shear deformation to a certain extent.

[0041] The lower friction body 500 is installed at the lower end of the rubber bearing 100 and contacts the top wall of the pier column 300. Its friction force is designed to be greater than the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing 100 in the horizontal direction. Compared with the upper friction body 400, its friction force or friction coefficient is higher. This arrangement allows the entire bearing system to release displacement through the shear of the rubber bearing 100 first when subjected to seismic force after the rubber bearing 100 has undergone initial shear deformation. Then, relative sliding occurs between the upper friction body 400 and the beam 200. By releasing displacement in segments, it is beneficial to reduce the direct impact of seismic energy on the rubber bearing 100 to a certain extent.

[0042] In this embodiment, the specific values ​​of friction force and friction coefficient are not absolute values, but are determined within a certain range based on actual engineering applications and material properties to achieve the expected seismic resistance effect. Therefore, the description uses expressions such as "relatively large", "relatively small", and "to a certain extent" to avoid using absolute terms and fully reflect that the technical solution can be appropriately adjusted and optimized according to site conditions in actual applications. In addition, for terms such as "shear release displacement of rubber bearing 100" and "sliding release displacement of upper friction body 400", the former refers to the elastic shear deformation allowed by rubber bearing 100 under temperature change, while the latter refers to the process by which upper friction body 400 further dissipates energy through relative sliding with beam 200 after the shear displacement exceeds the shear displacement that rubber bearing 100 can withstand under extreme loads such as earthquakes. This dual displacement release mechanism gives the entire bearing system a superior seismic performance and the potential advantage of extended service life when facing complex load conditions. At the same time, in actual engineering, the improvement of the overall performance of bridge bearings after adopting this structure is beneficial to mitigating the risk of damage under extreme earthquakes and improving the overall safety and durability of the bridge system.

[0043] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the rubber support 100 includes a rubber base 110 and reinforcing steel plates 120, with multiple reinforcing steel plates 120 spaced apart inside the rubber base 110. For example, the reinforcing steel plates 120 are horizontally embedded in the rubber base 110; and along the vertical direction, multiple horizontally placed reinforcing steel plates 120 are spaced apart inside the rubber base 110.

[0044] Based on this, the rubber bearing 100 not only includes a rubber seat 110 with basic buffering function, but also has multiple reinforcing steel plates 120 embedded at intervals inside the rubber seat 110. These reinforcing steel plates 120 are all arranged horizontally and reasonably arranged at certain intervals in the vertical direction. Their function is to give the rubber seat 110 a certain hardness and strength, while also helping the rubber bearing 100 to undergo normal shear displacement deformation under extreme loads such as earthquakes, thereby reducing the risk of local tearing that may occur in the rubber bearing 100 due to excessive shear deformation.

[0045] Specifically, the embedding of the reinforcing steel plate 120 enables the rubber bearing 110 to exhibit high overall stability and resistance to deformation under normal working conditions. Under seismic forces, when the shear release displacement of the rubber bearing 110 reaches a preset limit, the reinforcing steel plate 120, due to its fixed layout, guides and disperses stress concentration to a certain extent. This allows the entire support system to gradually transform from shear deformation of the rubber bearing 100 to local sliding release displacement, thereby achieving segmented energy dissipation. Here, "rubber bearing 110" refers to the matrix that constitutes the main elastic part of the entire rubber bearing, while "reinforcing steel plate 120" is the reinforcing component embedded inside the rubber bearing 110. Its horizontal embedding and vertically spaced arrangement can partially alleviate the problem of insufficient hardness of the rubber material. Under seismic forces, the synergistic effect of the flexible and rigid structures helps to disperse and partially alleviate shear strain. This allows the entire rubber bearing to maintain the necessary load-bearing capacity while possessing good shear release characteristics, thereby reducing the risk of local damage caused by excessive deformation of the rubber bearing 110 under seismic forces to a certain extent. The reasoning behind this structural design is that by rationally arranging the reinforcing steel plates 120 inside the rubber bearing 110, the overall strength of the rubber bearing under static load and temperature change can be improved. It also helps to guide the rubber bearing 100 to release shear displacement in stages through the guiding effect of the reinforcing steel plates 120 when the seismic load exceeds the bearing capacity of the rubber bearing 100. This allows the bridge bearing system to exhibit more beneficial seismic performance and durability when dealing with earthquakes.

[0046] In some implementations, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 The upper friction body 400 includes an upper friction substrate 410, the lower surface of which is connected to the upper surface of the rubber seat 110, and the upper surface of the upper friction substrate 410 is in contact with the lower surface of the beam 200.

[0047] In some implementations, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2The lower friction body 500 includes a lower friction base plate 510, the upper surface of which is connected to the lower surface of the rubber seat 110, and the lower surface of which is in contact with the upper surface of the pier 300.

[0048] For example, the upper friction plate and the lower friction plate serve as the upper and lower end plates of the rubber seat 110, which can effectively limit the shape of the rubber seat 110, so that the rubber support 100 maintains a good fixed shape between the beam 200 and the pier 300 under normal conditions.

[0049] Based on this, by using the upper friction plate 410 and the lower friction plate 510 as the upper and lower end plates of the rubber seat 110 respectively, the shape of the rubber seat 110 is limited to a certain extent, so that the rubber support 100 can be relatively stably fixed between the beam 200 and the pier 300 under normal working conditions, which is beneficial to reduce the local excessive deformation of the rubber support 100 that may be caused by temperature changes or normal loads.

[0050] Specifically, "rubber seat 110" refers to the elastic material in the support that mainly plays the role of buffering and displacement release. "Upper friction plate 410" and "lower friction plate 510" serve as end plates of rubber seat 110. Their structural design helps to guide the rubber support 100 to release displacement mainly through shear deformation by constraining the boundary of the rubber support 100 when subjected to earthquakes or other sudden loads. This helps to disperse and reduce earthquake energy to a certain extent and reduce the risk of local tearing or abnormal deformation of the rubber support 100 due to uneven stress.

[0051] Furthermore, in this structural design, the connections and interactions of the various components are rationally arranged and calculated. While it cannot absolutely prevent all abnormal deformations, it can, to a certain extent, help maintain the overall stability and seismic performance of the bearing structure in practical applications. It also enables the bridge bearing to exhibit good durability and adaptability during long-term service. Through this dual constraint and guidance mechanism, the entire bearing system can more rationally distribute and release forces, thereby improving the system's overall performance under complex working conditions.

[0052] In some implementations, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 5 The long-life, earthquake-resistant plate rubber bearing of this embodiment also includes a lower plate 600, which has a limiting groove 610. For example, in the vertical direction, at least a portion of the lower friction body 500 is embedded in the limiting groove 610 to limit the horizontal displacement of the lower friction body 500.

[0053] For example, the lower plate 600 is welded to the surface of the pier 300; or, the lower plate 600 is fixed to the surface of the pier 300 by anchor bolts.

[0054] Based on this, the limiting groove 610 provided in the lower plate 600 can be used to embed at least part of the lower friction body 500 into the limiting groove 610 in the vertical direction, thereby restraining the horizontal displacement of the lower friction body 500. This structural arrangement is beneficial to improving the overall lower stability of the rubber bearing to a certain extent and avoiding the risk of beam falling caused by relative sliding between the lower friction body 500 and the pier column 300.

[0055] Specifically, the lower plate 600 not only serves as a crucial load-bearing and positioning element in the overall structure of the rubber bearing, but its limiting groove 610 allows the lower friction body 500 a moderate amount of adjustment space under normal working conditions. However, under earthquakes or other extreme loads, it effectively restricts horizontal displacement and mitigates displacement deviations caused by concentrated stress. Here, the "limiting groove 610" refers to a groove with certain geometric dimensions and tolerances pre-machined on the lower plate 600, the parameters of which can be optimized according to actual engineering requirements. The "lower friction body 500" is a friction component that works in conjunction with the lower plate 600. It is mainly used to generate frictional contact with the upper surface of the pier column 300 and participates in energy dissipation to a certain extent. To further enhance the bond strength between the lower plate 600 and the pier 300, the lower plate 600 can be fixed to the surface of the pier 300 by welding or by anchor bolts. These connection methods are adaptable and feasible in actual construction, and can help maintain the relative stability of the lower plate 600 under extreme conditions such as seismic loads, thereby ensuring the structural coordination of the entire rubber bearing. Through the above structural design, the bearing can maintain good deformation capacity under normal temperature changes, while under sudden loads such as earthquakes, the displacement of the lower friction body 500 is reasonably limited, which helps to mitigate the risk of damage to the overall structural function due to excessive component displacement, and improves the durability and seismic performance of the bearing in practical applications.

[0056] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the reinforcing steel plate 120 is coated with a rubber adhesive. This coating creates a good bonding interface between the rubber support 110 and the reinforcing steel plate 120, thereby enhancing the bond strength and reducing potential interface delamination under long-term service or extreme loads such as earthquakes. Specifically, this technology is effective in that when the rubber bearing is subjected to temperature changes, conventional loads, and sudden dynamic loads (such as earthquakes), the bonding performance between the rubber and the reinforcing steel plate 120 helps the overall structure work together, avoiding localized stress concentration or structural loosening caused by poor bonding. Simultaneously, the flexibility of the rubber adhesive can alleviate the rigidity difference between the reinforcing steel plate 120 and the rubber material under stress, resulting in a more uniform strain distribution in the composite structure during shear displacement release, which helps disperse energy dissipation and reduce the risk of localized damage. In addition, this design can extend the service life of the rubber bearing to a certain extent and improve its overall seismic performance, enabling the bridge bearing to play a more stable role in buffering and dissipating energy when facing complex working conditions.

[0057] In some embodiments, the reinforcing steel plate 120 is installed inside the rubber bearing 110 after being sprayed with degreaser. This degreasering process removes oil and other impurities from the surface of the reinforcing steel plate 120, improving the adhesion between the steel plate and the rubber material. This treatment helps eliminate poor adhesion caused by oil, allowing for a stronger interfacial bond between the rubber and the reinforcing steel plate 120. Under extreme conditions such as temperature changes, static loads, and earthquakes, the components in the composite structure can work collaboratively, distribute stress evenly, and reduce the risk of localized stress concentration. Furthermore, the degreasering process reduces the likelihood of interfacial aging or peeling, delaying the overall performance degradation of the rubber bearing and thus improving its durability and seismic resistance. Through the above-mentioned technical means, the bonding effect between the reinforcing steel plate 120 and the rubber bearing 110 is significantly improved, thereby enabling the entire rubber bearing system to exhibit more stable structural performance and good seismic buffering capacity during long-term service, thus providing a beneficial guarantee for the safe operation of the bridge.

[0058] Secondly, this application also discloses a design method for a long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing, used in any of the above-described embodiments of the long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing, combined with... Figures 1-4 This includes the following steps:

[0059] Obtain the seismic foundation parameters of the piers and beams 200 under the current part of the bridge under seismic action. Based on these foundation parameters, determine the strength of the rubber bearings 100 arranged on the bridge so that the rubber bearings 100 are in the standard load-bearing state when installed between the piers and beams 200.

[0060] A pre-test was conducted on the rubber bearing 100 under temperature change to simulate the displacement of the rubber bearing 100 under temperature change, in order to detect whether the displacement distance of the rubber bearing 100 exceeded the allowable design displacement of the bearing. If the displacement distance of the rubber bearing 100 exceeded the allowable design displacement of the bearing, it indicated that the rubber bearing 100 was not suitable for the installation of the pier and beam 200 under the current bridge. If the displacement distance of the rubber bearing 100 was less than or equal to the allowable design displacement of the bearing, it indicated that the rubber bearing 100 was suitable for the installation of the pier and beam 200 under the current bridge.

[0061] Based on the strength of the rubber support 100, the friction coefficients of the upper friction body 400 and the lower friction body 500 are designed. It is required that the friction coefficient of the upper friction body 400 is less than that of the lower friction body 500, and the shear deformation force of the rubber support 100 in the horizontal direction is less than that of the upper friction body 400.

[0062] A pre-test was conducted on the overall plate rubber bearing under temperature change to simulate the stress condition of the plate rubber bearing under temperature change. If the upper friction body 400 and the lower friction body 500 do not slide after the displacement is released by the elastic deformation of the rubber bearing 100 under temperature change, it indicates that the plate rubber bearing is suitable for the installation of the pier and beam 200 under the current bridge. If not, it needs to be replaced.

[0063] A pre-test was conducted on the overall plate rubber bearing under seismic loading to simulate the stress conditions of the plate rubber bearing under seismic loading. Under seismic loading, the rubber bearing 100 of the plate rubber bearing first underwent elastic deformation and released displacement. After the displacement generated under the continued action of the seismic load exceeded the displacement released by the elastic deformation of the rubber bearing 100, the upper friction body 400 then underwent sliding and released displacement, while the lower friction body 500 remained unchanged. This indicates that the plate rubber bearing is suitable for the installation of the pier and beam 200 under the current bridge. If not, it needs to be replaced.

[0064] The implementation principle of this application is as follows: Ordinary rubber bearings adapt to the temperature-induced displacement of the bridge through shear deformation. Under seismic loading, excessive shear displacement leads to shear failure, tearing of the rubber layer and impaired function. A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing addresses this by setting a friction pair between the beam bottom and the corresponding rubber bearing 100 surface, controlling the friction coefficient of the friction pair. Under temperature-induced displacement, the rubber bearing 100 releases displacement through shearing, preventing slippage. Under seismic loading, the rubber bearing 100 first undergoes shear release displacement. When the displacement generated by the seismic loading exceeds the ultimate shear displacement, the upper friction plate 410 on the upper part of the rubber bearing 100 slides to release displacement, dissipating seismic energy through cyclic sliding. By allowing the rubber bearing 100 to shear first and then slide, tearing of the rubber layer under seismic loading is avoided, preventing damage to bearing performance and safe bridge operation.

[0065] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0066] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatus in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0067] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing, characterized in that, include: A rubber bearing (100) is installed between the beam (200) and the pier (300); The upper friction body (400) is located at the upper end of the rubber support (100) and abuts against the bottom wall of the beam (200); The lower friction body (500) is located at the lower end of the rubber support (100) and abuts against the top wall of the pier (300); wherein, The rubber bearing (100) is configured such that, under seismic load, the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing (100) in the horizontal direction gradually changes from less than the friction force between the upper friction body (400) and the beam (200) to greater than the friction force between the upper friction body (400) and the beam (200) as the shear displacement increases; the friction force between the lower friction body (500) and the pier (300) is greater than the shear deformation force of the rubber bearing (100) in the horizontal direction; The frictional force between the upper friction body (400) and the beam (200) is less than the frictional force between the lower friction body (500) and the pier (300); and / or, the coefficient of friction of the upper friction body (400) is less than the coefficient of friction of the lower friction body (500).

2. The long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rubber support (100) includes a rubber seat (110) and a reinforcing steel plate (120), wherein multiple reinforcing steel plates (120) are embedded at intervals inside the rubber seat (110).

3. The long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reinforcing steel plate (120) is horizontally embedded in the rubber seat (110); Along the vertical direction, multiple horizontally placed reinforcing steel plates (120) are spaced apart inside the rubber base (110).

4. A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper friction body (400) includes an upper friction substrate (410), the lower surface of which is connected to the upper surface of the rubber seat (110), and the upper surface of which is in contact with the lower surface of the beam (200).

5. A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower friction body (500) includes a lower friction base plate (510), the upper surface of which is connected to the lower surface of the rubber seat (110), and the lower surface of which is in contact with the upper surface of the pier (300).

6. A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a lower plate (600) having a limiting groove (610), in which at least a portion of the lower friction body (500) is embedded in the limiting groove (610) in the vertical direction to limit the horizontal displacement of the lower friction body (500).

7. A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower plate (600) is welded to the surface of the pier (300); or, the lower plate (600) is fixed to the surface of the pier (300) by anchor bolts.

8. A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer surface of the reinforcing steel plate (120) is coated with a rubber adhesive.

9. A long-life, seismic-resistant plate rubber bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reinforcing steel plate (120) is installed inside the rubber seat (110) after being sprayed with degreasing agent.

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