Energy dissipation and flow distribution structure for large water volume and high flow velocity in wetland water inlet and outlet area

Abstract

The application discloses an energy dissipation and flow distribution structure for large water flow and high flow velocity water flow in a wetland water inlet and outlet area, which comprises a flow distribution member and an energy dissipation member, a water inlet pipeline is arranged on a water inlet side, and a water outlet of the water inlet pipeline is arranged towards the flow distribution member; the energy dissipation member is arranged in a plurality of rows, each row is provided with a plurality of energy dissipation members, a first flow gap is left between energy dissipation members of adjacent two rows, a second flow gap is left between two adjacent energy dissipation members in each row, the first flow gap and the second flow gap have the same width as that of the energy dissipation member, and the energy dissipation members in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered mode. By arranging the step-by-step flow distribution mode, the impact of the water outlet on infrastructure is weakened, and the step-by-step oxygen exposure effect on water flow is achieved, and the multi-stage combination can make the flow distribution facility more economical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ecological and environmental protection, and in particular to an energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas. Background Technology

[0002] Large-diameter drainage pipes, when discharging water, have high outlet velocities and large flow rates, which can severely erode the boundary between the slope and the bank. Therefore, diversion structures are needed to reduce the energy of the water flow and prevent soil erosion.

[0003] Currently, soft slopes such as wetlands commonly use wave-dissipating stones for protection. These stones (usually natural boulders) effectively break up waves, increase friction, and dissipate energy due to their rough, porous shape and irregular arrangement. However, this method has significant drawbacks. Under continuous strong water flow, the boulders are prone to displacement and rolling, leading to overall instability. Furthermore, natural stone is easily worn and cracked, its performance deteriorates rapidly, and maintenance is frequent and costly. For hard slopes, wave-dissipating columns can be installed. These columns dissipate water flow energy through the interaction between the water and the column (diffraction, reflection, and vortex shedding). To achieve ideal energy dissipation, a large column diameter and small spacing are often required. However, this increases the force of the water flow on a single column and places higher demands on overall stability. A single wave-dissipating column can easily become a weak point under concentrated wave loads. Under the impact of large water flows, the column base and the connection with the foundation are prone to structural damage or even destruction, making repair difficult and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas.

[0005] This application provides an energy dissipation and diversion structure for large volume and high velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas, including a diversion component and an energy dissipation component, wherein the diversion component and the energy dissipation component are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction; A water inlet pipe is provided on the water inlet side, and the outlet of the water inlet pipe is oriented toward the diverter. The energy dissipation components are arranged in several rows, and each row has several energy dissipation components. A first flow gap is left between two adjacent rows of energy dissipation components, and a second flow gap is left between two adjacent energy dissipation components in each row. The first flow gap and the second flow gap are the same as the width of the energy dissipation component, and the energy dissipation components in two adjacent rows are staggered.

[0006] More specifically, the energy dissipation component includes an arc-shaped column and / or a fixed column; When both arc-shaped columns and fixed columns are installed, the arc-shaped columns are positioned between the diverter and the fixed columns.

[0007] More specifically, the diverter is configured as an arc-shaped column.

[0008] More specifically, the arc-shaped column includes a rectangular block and a first arc-shaped groove, which is formed on the side and top surface of the rectangular block on the water inlet side.

[0009] More specifically, the calculation formula for the first arc-shaped groove of the diverter is: W = D + 2 * (0.1 * L); in, W = Length of the curved column; D = Diameter of the water supply pipe; L = The distance between the outlet of the water pipe and the curved column; 0.1 = Empirical diffusion coefficient; More specifically, the diverter is configured as a triangular diverter, with the pointed end of the triangular diverter facing the incoming water pipe.

[0010] More specifically, a second arc-shaped groove is provided on both inclined surfaces adjacent to the sharp corner of the triangular diverter facing the water pipe.

[0011] More specifically, the pointed angle of the triangular diverter after the second arc-shaped groove is 2α, and 2α is set at 60°~90°.

[0012] More specifically, at least one row of the energy dissipation components is set as a group, and the top surface height of all energy dissipation components in each group is the same; the top surface height of the energy dissipation components in each group decreases sequentially along the water flow direction.

[0013] More specifically, at least one diversion component and at least one incoming water pipe are provided, and the diversion component and the incoming water pipe are provided in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0014] This utility model reduces the impact of the water outlet on infrastructure by setting up diversion components and energy dissipation components. The diversion components are directly opposite the water outlet pipe, and can directly change the direction of the large water flow through the first arc-shaped groove and the second arc-shaped groove. The energy dissipation components are set in groups, and the top surface height of all energy dissipation components in the group is the same. The top surface height of the energy dissipation components in each group gradually decreases along the water flow direction. By combining energy dissipation components, the energy of the water flow will be rapidly reduced, and the water flow can be aerated step by step. Using different combinations of facilities makes the energy dissipation and diversion facilities more economical. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, in which the diversion component is set as an arc-shaped column and the energy dissipation component is set as a fixed column; Figure 2For the present utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the flow diversion component and the energy dissipation component of this utility model, which are both designed as arc-shaped columns. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the diversion component of this utility model as an arc-shaped column and the energy dissipation component as a combination of a fixed column and an arc-shaped column; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing that the flow divider of this utility model is a triangular flow divider and the energy dissipation component is a fixed column. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing that the flow divider of this utility model is a triangular flow divider and the energy dissipation component is an arc-shaped column. Figure 7 This utility model provides a schematic diagram showing that the diverting component is a triangular diverting component and the energy dissipation component is a combination of a fixed column and an arc-shaped column. Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the arc-shaped column of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the triangular flow divider of this utility model; In the diagram: 1. Slope; 2. Water pipe; 3. Arc-shaped column; 31. Rectangular block; 32. First arc-shaped groove; 4. Fixed column; 5. Triangular diverter; 51. Second arc-shaped groove. Detailed Implementation

[0016] An energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas, such as... Figures 1-9 As shown, the structure is set on a sloping surface, referred to as slope 1 for ease of description. The water inflow side is the highest point of slope 1, and a water inflow pipe 2 is installed on this side. The incoming water is released into the energy dissipation and diversion structure through the water inflow pipe 2. The water inflow pipe 2 is relatively thick, resulting in a larger water volume and greater potential energy. Of course, this structure can also be set on a flat surface, but the water flow on a flat surface would be disordered, and the effect would be less noticeable.

[0017] An energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas, such as... Figures 1-9 As shown, it includes a diversion component and an energy dissipation component, which are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction; the outlet of the water inlet pipe 2 is oriented towards the diversion component; the energy dissipation component includes an arc-shaped column 3 and / or a fixed column 4, and the diversion component is configured as an arc-shaped column 3 or a triangular diversion component 5.

[0018] When the energy dissipation component is configured as a plurality of fixed columns 4 The fixed columns 4 cover the entire slope 1. The fixed columns 4 are set from the water-incoming side of the slope 1. The top surfaces of all the fixed columns 4 can be located on the same horizontal plane, or the horizontal plane where the top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 are located can gradually decrease as the slope 1 gradually decreases.

[0019] The fixed columns 4 are evenly arranged in several rows along the water flow direction on the slope 1, with several columns in each row. The top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 in each row are at the same height. The top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 in all rows can be set to the same height, or the top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 can gradually decrease along the water flow direction. Since the fixed columns 4 are set on the slope 1, the top surfaces of fixed columns 4 of the same height placed in different rows on the slope 1 are not on the same horizontal plane. Therefore, if we want to ensure that the top surfaces of all the fixed columns 4 are on the same horizontal plane, the fixed columns 4 need to be set higher and higher along the water flow direction. If we want the plane on which the top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 are located to gradually decrease along the water flow direction, the fixed columns 4 can be set to the same height, or the height can be set to gradually decrease.

[0020] Furthermore, at least one row of the fixed columns 4 is configured as a group, and the top surface height of all the fixed columns 4 in each group is the same, that is, the top surface of all the fixed columns 4 in each group is located on the same horizontal plane. The specific number of rows in each group is adjusted according to the water flow. The number of rows of fixed columns 4 in several groups can be different or the same. For example, in the first group, there are 4 rows of fixed columns 4, and in the second group, there can be four rows, two rows, or six rows. In this scheme, in several groups of fixed columns 4, each group of fixed columns 4 is configured with two rows. Several groups of fixed columns 4 can be configured to have the same top surface height, or the top surface height of each group of fixed columns 4 can gradually decrease with the direction of water flow.

[0021] The fixed columns 4 are evenly laid on the slope 1, with a first flow gap left between two adjacent rows. The first flow gap is an auxiliary... Figure 2 In section b, a second flow gap is left between each pair of adjacent fixed columns 4 in each row. The second flow gap is an auxiliary... Figure 2In the above, the second flow interval between two adjacent fixed columns 4 in each row is the same, and the first flow interval between two adjacent rows of fixed columns 4 is also the same. Furthermore, the second flow interval between two adjacent fixed columns 4 in each row is the same as the width of the fixed column 4, and the first flow interval between two adjacent rows of fixed columns 4 is also the same as the width of the fixed column 4. For example, if the width of the fixed column 4 is set to 20cm, the second flow interval between two adjacent fixed columns 4 in the same row is 20cm, and the first flow interval between two adjacent rows of fixed columns 4 is also 20cm. To facilitate the definition of the length, width, and height of the fixed column 4, it is described in terms of the water flow direction. Further, the water flow direction is a straight line from the inflow side to the outflow side. The side of the fixed column 4 extending along the water flow direction is the width, the side extending perpendicular to the water flow direction is the length, and the side extending in the height direction is the height. In this scheme, the length and width of the fixed column 4 are equal.

[0022] The first flow gap between two adjacent fixed columns 4 is less than the length W of the arc-shaped column 3.

[0023] Because the water ripples propagate in a wavy pattern, to ensure that most of the water falls on the fixed columns 4, the fixed columns 4 in adjacent rows are staggered. That is, the second flow gap between the first fixed column 4 in the second row and the first fixed column 4 and the second fixed column 4 in the first row are aligned. Therefore, the fixed columns 4 in odd-numbered rows are arranged in the same way, and the fixed columns 4 in even-numbered rows are arranged in the same way. Since the second flow gap between two adjacent fixed columns 4 in each row is the same, and the first flow gap between the energy dissipation components in adjacent rows is also the same, more of the water ripples will fall on the fixed columns 4, further reducing the water force and increasing the radiation area of ​​the water flow, thus reducing the impact on the subsequent structure.

[0024] Of course, the fixed columns 4 can be configured so that their top surfaces are on the same horizontal plane to reduce the water pressure. However, as the water flows on the slope 1, the water level will gradually decrease as the water flow coverage area increases. Setting the top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 at the rear end to be on the same horizontal plane as the top surfaces of the front end will not achieve a better effect and will increase costs. Therefore, the further away from the water source, the lower the top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 will be, until they are no longer needed. However, the water pressure will not be significantly reduced by the obstruction of a row of fixed columns 4. If the top surfaces of each row of fixed columns 4 are on different horizontal planes and the height of the horizontal planes decreases, it may result in a poor effect on reducing the potential energy of the water. Therefore, in this solution, the two rows of fixed columns 4 are staggered and form a group, and the top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 in a group are on the same horizontal plane.

[0025] Water flows from a high point to a low point. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow remains constant, the potential energy of the water is converted into kinetic energy. As the water flows to a lower point, its speed increases and its force increases, resulting in greater damage to the slope 1. However, in the case of this scheme, the cross-sectional area of ​​the incoming water at the starting point is much smaller than that of the downstream water flow. In the upstream pipe, the water fills the entire cross-section of the incoming water pipe 2, and the pipe wall exerts constraints and pressure on the water flow. When the water flow is released instantaneously from the outlet of the incoming water pipe 2 and enters the open slope 1, it becomes an unconstrained flow downstream. This transformation leads to a large dissipation of energy. Furthermore, as the water flows downward, friction, air resistance, and diffusion from the slope 1 gradually consume its energy. Therefore, the horizontal plane at the top of the fixed column 4, which is farther away from the incoming water, can be lower.

[0026] The greater the upstream water flow, the more fixed columns 4 need to be installed; the smaller the water flow, the fewer fixed columns 4 need to be installed. The specific number should be set according to the needs.

[0027] When the energy dissipation component is configured as several arc-shaped columns 3 The arc-shaped column 3 is configured as a long rectangular block 31. A first arc-shaped groove 32 is provided on the rectangular block 31. The first arc-shaped groove 32 is provided on the side and top surface of the rectangular block 31 on the water inlet side. The opening of the first arc-shaped groove 32 faces the water inlet side and extends upward from the bottom, forming an upward thrust on the water inlet and reducing the instantaneous downward potential energy of the water inlet.

[0028] When the energy dissipation component is set to only a few arc-shaped columns 3, the arrangement of the arc-shaped columns 3 is the same as when the energy dissipation component is only a fixed column 4, and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] When the energy dissipation component is configured as a combination of several fixed columns 4 and arc-shaped columns 3, The arc-shaped column 3 is positioned between the diverter and the fixed column 4. The top surface of the arc-shaped column 3 can be on the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the highest fixed column 4, or it can be higher than the top surface of the highest fixed column 4. In this design, because the arc-shaped column 3 is closer to the water pipe 2, it experiences a greater water pressure and a higher water level. To better reduce the water pressure, the top surface of the arc-shaped column 3 is positioned higher than the top surface of the highest fixed column 4. However, since several fixed columns 4 are also installed behind the arc-shaped column 3, the top surface of the arc-shaped column 3 only needs to be slightly higher than the top surface of the highest fixed column 4. This reduces the water pressure and maximizes cost savings.

[0030] The arc-shaped columns 3 can be arranged in one row, two rows, or more rows. When there are two or more rows, the arc-shaped columns 3 in adjacent rows are spaced apart, and the spacing between adjacent rows is the same as the width of the arc-shaped column 3. The arc-shaped column 3 closest to the fixed column 4 is also spaced apart from the fixed column 4, and the spacing between the arc-shaped column 3 closest to the fixed column 4 and the fixed column 4 is set to the width of one arc-shaped column 3.

[0031] When two or more rows of arc-shaped columns 3 are arranged, the arrangement of the arc-shaped columns 3 can be the same as that of the fixed columns 4. Two adjacent arc-shaped columns 3 are spaced apart and staggered, or several rows of arc-shaped columns 3 are spaced apart and arranged sequentially. The top surfaces of the several rows of arc-shaped columns 3 can all be on the same horizontal plane, or the top surfaces of the arc-shaped columns 3 can gradually decrease with the direction of water flow.

[0032] Because the cost of the arc-shaped column 3 is relatively high, and a fixed column 4 is set behind the arc-shaped column 3, the number of rows of the arc-shaped column 3 is not large, and the top surface height of the arc-shaped column 3 is the same.

[0033] Because the economic cost of manufacturing the arc-shaped column 3 is relatively high, in this solution, the energy dissipation component is set as a combination of the arc-shaped column 3 and the fixed column 4. Furthermore, the arc-shaped column 3 is arranged in two rows, and the top surface height of the two rows of arc-shaped columns 3 is the same. All the fixed columns 4 are set behind the arc-shaped column 3. The height of the fixed column 4 decreases along the water flow direction, and the height of the highest fixed column 4 is the same as that of the arc-shaped column 3.

[0034] When the diversion component is set as an arc-shaped column 3 The diversion component is positioned between the incoming water pipe 2 and the energy dissipation component. The center of the arc-shaped column 3 is on the same straight line as the axis of the incoming water pipe 2, and the outlet of the incoming water pipe 2 faces the arc-shaped column 3. When the arc-shaped column 3 is set as a diversion component, its structure is the same as when it is set as an energy dissipation component. The first arc-shaped groove 32 of the arc-shaped column 3 faces the incoming water pipe 2, so that the incoming water in the incoming water pipe 2 is diverted, reducing the impact on the energy dissipation component.

[0035] When the arc-shaped column 3 is configured as a flow divider, the calculation of the first arc-shaped groove 32 is as follows: If the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped column 3 is R, and the diameter of the water pipe 2 is D, When R / D < 2, the water flow will create an impact-like effect, generating an extremely low pressure zone on the curved surface. The risk of cavitation is extremely high, which will quickly damage the structure. Although the energy dissipation efficiency is very high, it will generate a lot of turbulence and splashing. Furthermore, the curved column 3 needs to have extremely high strength to withstand this concentrated force, resulting in high maintenance costs during use. When R / D>5, the water flow changes direction smoothly, following the arc surface to the lower or upper side, which can better guide the direction of the water flow, reduce random splashing, make pressure changes more gradual, and is less prone to cavitation. The impact force on the structure is more evenly distributed, and the energy dissipation efficiency is lower. When facing a concentrated large volume of water, the downstream needs to continuously perform secondary energy dissipation. Therefore, the appropriate relationship between the radius of curvature and the diameter of the water inlet pipe 2 is chosen as R / D≈2–4. In this scheme, R / D=2~4, which achieves a balance between energy dissipation efficiency, controllability and cavitation risk, effectively disperses water flow, and controls splashing and cavitation risk within an acceptable range.

[0036] Since the primary task of the arc-shaped column 3 is to intercept most of the water flow from the outlet of the water pipe 2, if the arc surface is too small, most of the water flow will "slip away" from both sides and directly scour the downstream area that should be protected, causing the buffering measures to fail. Therefore, the arc length of the arc surface of the arc-shaped column 3, that is, the length of the water-facing surface, is directly related to the diameter of the water pipe 2. In order to effectively accommodate the impact range of the water flow, the length of the arc-shaped column 3 should be as close as possible to the width of the water flow in order to effectively accommodate the impact of the water flow.

[0037] Therefore, during the design process, the length W of the arc-shaped column 3 should be greater than or equal to the diameter D of the outlet of the water pipe 2. However, considering the natural diffusion of water flow and to ensure that as much water flow as possible is reliably captured, W≈D+2*(0.1*L). In this scheme, W=D+2*(0.1*L).

[0038] in, W = the length of the curved column 3; D = 2 times the diameter of the water supply pipe; L = the distance from the outlet of water pipe 2 to the arc-shaped column 3; 0.1 = an empirical diffusion coefficient (after water leaves the inlet pipe, it typically diffuses outward at a rate of approximately 1:10, meaning that for every meter it advances, its width diffuses by approximately 0.1 meters). The height (H) of the arc surface should be greater than or equal to the diameter of the water pipe.

[0039] When the flow divider is configured as a triangular flow divider 5, The triangular diverter 5 is triangular in shape, with one of its sharp corners facing the water pipe 2. A second arc-shaped groove 51 is provided on each of the two inclined surfaces adjacent to the sharp corner of the triangular diverter 5 facing the water pipe 2. The second arc-shaped groove 51 diverts the water released from the water pipe 2 to both sides, so that the area of ​​water radiation is larger and the impact is reduced.

[0040] The second arc-shaped groove 51 is symmetrically arranged along the center line of the triangular diverter 5. Furthermore, the triangular diverter 5 is set as an equilateral triangle, and the second arc-shaped groove 51 has the same shape and size, so that the second arc-shaped groove 51 can divert the incoming water to both sides more evenly.

[0041] The main function of the triangular diverter 5 is to guide the flow. It cleverly splits a concentrated stream of water into two (or more) streams of lower energy, guiding them to both sides. The energy is mainly dissipated through subsequent friction and turbulence.

[0042] Sharp angle (2α): The sharp angle formed after arc-shaped grooves are provided on both sides of the triangular flow divider 5; If the angle is set too sharp (e.g., 2α < 30°), the diversion effect is good, but the tip has low strength and is easily damaged, and the water flow may "skim" along the edge, resulting in poor separation effect; If the sharp corners are set too blunt (e.g., 2α>80°), the water flow impact area will be too large, resulting in huge impact forces to both sides and severe splashing. Therefore, in this design, the angle 2α of the sharp corner is set between 60° and 90° (i.e., the angle α on one side is 30° to 45°), which can achieve better flow splitting and intensity balance. Of course, the best effect is 90°, that is, an isosceles right triangle.

[0043] The pointed corner of the triangular diverter 5 near the water inlet side is aligned with the axis of the water inlet pipe 2, further ensuring the diversion of the water inlet and the uniformity of the water inlet flow.

[0044] There is usually one water inlet pipe 2, so one diversion component is also set. However, if there are multiple water inlet pipes 2, the number of diversion components will also increase. Specifically, the diversion components are set one-to-one with the water inlet pipes 2. If the diversion component is set as a triangular diversion component 5, the sharp corner of the triangular diversion component 5 is aligned with the axis of the water inlet pipe 2.

[0045] Because the centerline of the diverter is collinear with the axis of the incoming water pipe 2, and is closer to the pipe 2 than the curved column 3 and the fixed column 4, the diverter directly receives the potential energy of the incoming water. Since the diverter's function is to divert the incoming water, it means that there will be no direct impact from incoming water behind it. Therefore, within the path covered by the diverter extending away from the incoming water side along the axis of the pipe 2, the curved column 3 and / or the fixed column 4 are not required. However, within the area radiated by the incoming water after the diverter has diverted the water, the curved column 3 and / or the fixed column 4 are needed to weaken the potential energy of the incoming water. The curved column 3 and / or the fixed column 4 can completely cover the slope 1, or they can form two areas along the axis of the pipe 2, with the curved column 3 and / or the fixed column 4 in the two areas arranged in the same way.

[0046] Based on this, there are six possible configurations for energy dissipation and diversion structures for large-volume, high-velocity water flows in wetland inlet and outlet areas: The first type: the diversion component is set as an arc-shaped column 3, the diversion component is set in correspondence with the water inlet pipe 2, and all the energy dissipation components are set as fixed columns 4. The top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 can all be on the same horizontal plane, or they can gradually decrease along the water flow direction. The second type: the diversion component is set as an arc-shaped column 3, the diversion component is set in correspondence with the water inlet pipe 2, and all the energy dissipation components are set as arc-shaped columns 3. The top surfaces of the arc-shaped columns 3 can all be on the same horizontal plane, or they can gradually decrease along the water flow direction. The third type: the diversion component is set as an arc-shaped column 3, and the diversion component is set in correspondence with the water inlet pipe 2. The energy dissipation component is set as both a fixed column 4 and an arc-shaped column 3. The arc-shaped column 3 is set between the fixed column 4 and the diversion component. The top surface of the fixed column 4 can be on the same horizontal plane, or it can gradually decrease along the water flow direction. The top surface of the arc-shaped column 3 is on the same horizontal plane. The fourth type: the diversion component is set as a triangular diversion component 5, the diversion component is set in correspondence with the water inlet pipe 2, and all the energy dissipation components are set as fixed columns 4. The top surfaces of the fixed columns 4 can all be on the same horizontal plane, or they can gradually decrease along the water flow direction. The fifth type: the diversion component is set as a triangular diversion component 5, the diversion component is set in correspondence with the water inlet pipe 2, and all the energy dissipation components are set as arc-shaped columns 3. The top surfaces of the arc-shaped columns 3 can all be on the same horizontal plane, or they can gradually decrease along the water flow direction. The sixth type: The diversion component is set as a triangular diversion component 5, which is set in correspondence with the water inlet pipe 2. The energy dissipation component is set as a fixed column 4 and an arc-shaped column 3. The arc-shaped column 3 is set between the fixed column 4 and the diversion component. The top surface of the fixed column 4 can be on the same horizontal plane, or it can gradually decrease along the water flow direction. The top surface of the arc-shaped column 3 is on the same horizontal plane. In this scheme, the fixing method for the fixed column 4, the arc-shaped column 3, and the triangular diverter 5 is all set as masonry.

[0047] In this scheme, the impact of the water outlet on the infrastructure is reduced by setting up diversion components and energy dissipation components. The diversion components are directly opposite the incoming water pipe 2, and can directly change the direction of the large water flow by diverting it to different directions through the first arc-shaped groove 32 and / or the second arc-shaped groove 51. The energy dissipation components are set in groups, and the top surface height of all energy dissipation components in the group is the same. The top surface height of the energy dissipation components in each group gradually decreases along the water flow direction. By combining energy dissipation components, the energy of the water flow will be rapidly reduced, and the water flow can be aerated step by step. Using different combination facilities makes the energy dissipation and diversion facilities more economical.

Claims

1. An energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas, characterized in that: It includes a flow divider and an energy dissipator, which are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction; A water inlet pipe (2) is provided on the water inlet side, and the outlet of the water inlet pipe (2) is set towards the diversion component; The energy dissipation components are arranged in several rows, and each row has several energy dissipation components. A first flow gap is left between two adjacent rows of energy dissipation components, and a second flow gap is left between two adjacent energy dissipation components in each row. The first flow gap and the second flow gap are the same as the width of the energy dissipation component, and the energy dissipation components in two adjacent rows are staggered.

2. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy dissipation component includes an arc-shaped column (3) and / or a fixed column (4); When both the arc-shaped column (3) and the fixed column (4) are set at the same time, the arc-shaped column (3) is set between the diverter and the fixed column (4).

3. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion component is configured as an arc-shaped column (3).

4. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped column (3) includes a rectangular block (31) and a first arc-shaped groove (32), which is formed on the side and top surface of the rectangular block (31) on the water inlet side.

5. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the first arc-shaped groove (32) of the diverter is: W = D + 2 * (0.1 * L); in, W = the length of the arc-shaped column (3); D = Diameter of the water supply pipe (2); L = the distance between the outlet of the water pipe (2) and the arc-shaped column (3); 0.1 = Empirical diffusion coefficient.

6. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter is configured as a triangular diverter (5), with one of the sharp corners of the triangular diverter (5) facing the incoming water pipe (2).

7. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second arc-shaped groove (51) is provided on both inclined surfaces adjacent to the sharp corner of the triangular diverter (5) facing the water pipe (2).

8. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pointed angle of the triangular diverter (5) after the second arc-shaped groove (51) is 2α, and 2α is set to 60°~90°.

9. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one row of the energy dissipation elements is set as a group, and the top surface height of all energy dissipation elements in each group is the same; the top surface height of the energy dissipation elements in each group decreases sequentially along the water flow direction.

10. The energy dissipation and diversion structure for large-volume, high-velocity water flow in wetland inlet and outlet areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one diversion component is provided, and at least one water inlet pipe (2) is provided. The diversion component and the water inlet pipe (2) are provided in a one-to-one correspondence.

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