A double-layer composite hanging net revetment structure for high and steep slope

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double -deck composite net -hanging revetment structure for high and steep side slope, especially relates to the field of revetment afforestation, including the side slope body, a plurality of fixed components are installed on the side slope body, the fixed component is installed wire net and a plurality of steel wire, and the intersection between installing wire net and steel wire is installed with the connecting piece, the fixed component includes the anchor rod installed on the side slope body, the gasket of sleeve setting in the anchor rod end and the mounting head fixedly connected in the anchor rod end, and installing wire net and steel wire are installed on the mounting head from below to above in proper order, and the gasket is close to the slope face, is equipped with the drainage system on the side slope body, the utility model discloses through the composite structure of inner layer dense geogrid and outer layer high -strength steel rope net, and reliably connects by special connecting piece, has realized " the inside solid soil, the outside resistance to the attack " the collaborative work mechanism of the mechanism, and the two form the stress gradient through the prescribed interval, both avoid the performance limitation of single net piece, and create necessary condition for ecological restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope protection and greening technology, and more specifically, to a double-layer composite mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Slope protection structure with mesh reinforcement is a protective system formed by fixing metal mesh or synthetic fiber mesh to the slope surface and combining it with materials such as shotcrete and vegetation bags. On the one hand, the metal mesh or fiber mesh can effectively disperse slope stress and prevent the surface soil and rock from sliding and collapsing due to rainwater erosion or gravity. On the other hand, the structural layer can provide a substrate for vegetation growth, achieving synergy between engineering protection and ecological restoration. For example, the soil and seeds filled in the vegetation bags can form a root network in the mesh, enhancing the overall stability of the slope.

[0003] Traditional high and steep slope protection structures mostly employ a single type of protection system, either rigid concrete shotcrete or flexible wire mesh. While rigid protection systems have high structural strength, their dense and impermeable nature severely hinders water vapor exchange and natural infiltration between the slope and the outside world, making it difficult for vegetation to take root and grow, thus completely blocking the possibility of ecological restoration. On the other hand, while simple flexible wire mesh structures have a certain ability to adapt to deformation, their overall rigidity and impact resistance are limited. When the slope undergoes large-scale deformation or encounters large rockfalls, the mesh is prone to excessive stretching or even tearing, leading to protection failure. The limitations of these two single structures make it difficult for slope protection projects to balance instantaneous safety and long-term stability, and also make it impossible to achieve a unity of protection and ecological functions. Local damage often leads to overall instability, or the loss of ecological functions causes the protection performance to decline rapidly over time, ultimately requiring frequent and expensive maintenance and reinforcement. This not only increases the cost over the entire life cycle but also has a continuous adverse impact on the ecological environment around the slope.

[0004] In summary, to improve the economy and stability of wire mesh slope protection structures, it is necessary to address the problem that traditional high and steep slope protection structures, which use single rigid protection or flexible wire mesh structures, lead to increased production and installation costs and cause continuous adverse effects on the surrounding ecological environment. The goal is to enable double-layer composite wire mesh to effectively maintain the stability of high and steep slope structures in the long term, without damaging the ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This utility model provides a double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes. The problem it aims to solve is that traditional steep slope protection structures use a single rigid protection or flexible wire mesh structure, which leads to increased production and installation costs and causes continuous adverse effects on the ecological environment around the slope.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes, comprising a slope body, several fixing components installed on the slope body, wire mesh and several steel wires installed on the fixing components, and connectors installed between the intersections of the wire mesh and steel wires. The fixing components include anchor rods installed on the slope body, gaskets fitted onto the ends of the anchor rods, and mounting heads fixedly connected to the ends of the anchor rods. The wire mesh and steel wire are installed on the mounting heads from bottom to top, and the gaskets are in close contact with the slope surface. The slope body is equipped with a drainage system, which includes a water collection trough on the slope body, a drainage trough at the bottom of the slope, and several water guide pipes buried in the slope body. The outlet ends of the water collection trough and the water guide pipes are connected, and the drainage trough is used to collect and discharge the water flow from the water collection trough.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the edge of the wire mesh is provided with a plurality of mounting rings, the inner diameter of which is 30mm to 50mm, and the mounting rings are fitted onto the mounting head.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the anchor bolts are 1.2m-3.0m long and 16mm-32mm in diameter, arranged in a rectangular pattern on the slope with a spacing of 2.0m-3.0m, and the anchoring ends of the anchor bolts are driven into the slope soil at a downward angle of 15° to 30° with respect to the horizontal plane.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the installation wire mesh is woven from high-strength geogrid with diamond-shaped mesh openings of 20mm×20mm-50mm×50mm. The steel wire is made of high-strength steel rope mesh with mesh openings of 100mm×100mm-200mm×200mm. The interlayer spacing between the installation wire mesh and the steel wire is 50mm-150mm.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the connector is a stainless steel clip structure with an inner diameter of 10mm to 20mm for the connector ring and a thickness of 1.5mm to 3.0mm for the clip, used to securely connect the installation wire mesh and steel wire at the intersection.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the gasket is a square steel sheet with a side length of 80mm-150mm and a thickness of 5mm-10mm, and the mounting head is a locking head with an annular protrusion, with an exposed length of 40mm-60mm.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the water pipe is a perforated HDPE pipe with an outer diameter of 50mm-100mm and a length of 1.0m-3.0m. The water pipe is driven into the slope at an elevation angle of 5°-10° and is wrapped with non-woven geotextile as a filter layer. The water outlet of the water pipe is more than 20mm higher than the bottom of the water collection trough 101.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the drainage channel has a trapezoidal cross-section, is located at the toe of the slope, has a depth of 300mm-500mm, a bottom width of 200mm-400mm, and the inner wall of the drainage channel is lined with concrete.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model achieves a collaborative working mechanism of "inner soil stabilization and outer erosion resistance" through a composite structure of an inner dense geogrid and an outer high-strength steel rope mesh, reliably connected by special connectors. The inner mesh effectively inhibits the loss of surface soil and provides a carrier for vegetation restoration, while the outer mesh bears concentrated loads such as rockfall impacts. The two form a stress gradient through a specified spacing, which not only avoids the performance limitations of a single mesh sheet, but also creates the necessary conditions for ecological restoration.

[0015] 2. This utility model significantly improves on-site installation efficiency and fault tolerance through the sleeve design of the installation ring and the installation head, the quick fastening of the clamp-type connector, and the standardized components of the gasket and the installation head. These flexible connection structures allow the structure to deform appropriately under stress, better adapt to uneven settlement of the slope, improve the durability and safety reserve of the structure, and enhance adaptability and construction convenience. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the slope body of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steel wire structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the slope body of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage system structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wire mesh structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing component structure of this utility model.

[0022] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Slope body; 101. Water collection trough; 102. Drainage trough; 201. Anchor bolt; 202. Gasket; 203. Mounting head; 3. Wire mesh; 301. Mounting ring; 4. Steel wire; 5. Connector; 6. Water guide pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figures 1 to 6A double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes includes a slope body 1, a number of fixing components installed on the slope body 1, wire mesh 3 and a number of steel wires 4 installed on the fixing components, and a connector 5 installed between the intersection of the wire mesh 3 and the steel wires 4. The fixing assembly includes an anchor rod 201 installed on the slope body 1, a gasket 202 sleeved on the end of the anchor rod 201, and an installation head 203 fixedly connected to the end of the anchor rod 201. The installation wire mesh 3 and steel wire 4 are installed on the installation head 203 from bottom to top, and the gasket 202 is in close contact with the slope surface. The slope body 1 is equipped with a drainage system, which includes a water collection trough 101 opened on the slope surface of the slope body 1, a drainage trough 102 opened at the bottom of the slope, and several water guide pipes 6 buried in the slope body 1. The water collection trough 101 and the water guide pipes 6 are connected at their outlets. The drainage trough 102 is used to collect and discharge the water flow from the water collection trough 101.

[0024] It should be noted that the fixing components, as the foundation of the entire system, anchor the entire structure to the slope body 1. The double-layer network composed of wire mesh 3 and steel wire 4 is the main load-bearing and protective layer. Wire mesh 3 focuses more on inhibiting the loss of surface soil, while steel wire 4 provides strength to resist larger-scale deformation. Connector 5 ensures that the two protective nets can work together to avoid separation between the layers. The independent drainage system targets water pressure, the main cause of slope instability, and effectively diverts water flow inside and outside the slope through the process of "collecting, guiding, and draining", thereby improving the long-term stability of the structure from the root.

[0025] Another embodiment based on the fixing component: the method of fixing the mounting head 203 on the anchor rod 201 can be improved to a rotating mounting structure. Specifically, the mounting head 203 can be mounted on the anchor rod 201 by rotating a ball joint. The anchor rod 201 is designed as a hinged ball joint base, and the bottom of the mounting head 203 is a matching spherical curved surface, which allows it to deflect freely within a certain angle range. This eliminates the installation stress caused by the installation angle deviation of the anchor rod 201, making the mounting ring 301 and the steel wire 4 hang more smoothly and the force more even, which significantly improves the installation fault tolerance and long-term reliability of the fixing component.

[0026] Another embodiment based on the installation wire mesh 3: On the basis of the diamond mesh of the installation wire mesh 3, a reinforcing rib is added at certain intervals (every 5-10 standard meshes) in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the grid. Without increasing the cost too much, the mechanical properties of the inner mesh are significantly improved, preventing it from being pulled apart when the slope is deformed locally, and enhancing the tensile strength and tear resistance of the grid.

[0027] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 5The edge of the wire mesh 3 is provided with several mounting rings 301. The inner diameter of the mounting rings 301 is 30mm to 50mm. The mounting rings 301 are fitted onto the mounting head 203.

[0028] It should be noted that the 30mm to 50mm inner diameter of the mounting ring 301 provides the necessary tolerance space for on-site installation, so that workers do not need to perform millimeter-level precise alignment when hanging the wire mesh 3 onto the mounting head 203, which improves installation efficiency. In addition, the ring-type connection is also a flexible connection, which allows the wire mesh 3 to have a certain degree of displacement and deformation when subjected to external force, thereby better adapting to uneven settlement or slight deformation of the slope.

[0029] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 3 The anchor bolts 201 are 1.2m-3.0m long and 16mm-32mm in diameter. They are arranged in a rectangular pattern on the slope with a spacing of 2.0m-3.0m. The anchoring end of the anchor bolts 201 is driven into the slope rock and soil at a downward inclination angle of 15° to 30° with the horizontal plane.

[0030] It should be noted that the 1.2m-3.0m length and 16mm-32mm diameter of the anchor bolt 201 ensure that it can penetrate the potential slip surface and provide sufficient pull-out resistance. The rectangular arrangement and 2.0m-3.0m spacing ensure both support strength and economy. The 15° to 30° downward inclination angle makes the axial tensile force of the anchor bolt 201 form the optimal angle with the direction of the slope sliding force, which can provide the most effective anti-slip resistance and at the same time help to transfer the stress around the anchor bolt 201 more evenly to the deep stable rock and soil mass.

[0031] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 5 The installation wire mesh 3 is woven from high-strength geogrid with diamond-shaped mesh openings, the mesh size being 20mm×20mm-50mm×50mm. The steel wire 4 is made of high-strength steel rope mesh with mesh openings of 100mm×100mm-200mm×200mm. The interlayer spacing between the installation wire mesh 3 and the steel wire 4 is 50mm-150mm.

[0032] It should be noted that the inner dense wire mesh 3 (geogrid) can effectively bind the surface soil with smaller particle size, prevent the loss of particles caused by rainwater erosion, and provide a reliable attachment base for subsequent possible hydroseeding. The outer large mesh steel wire 4 (steel rope mesh) constitutes the main load-bearing skeleton. Its high strength characteristics can intercept larger boulders caused by weathering and effectively transfer the impact load to the anchor 201 and the entire support system.

[0033] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 2The connector 5 is a stainless steel clip structure. The inner diameter of the ring of the connector 5 is 10mm to 20mm, and the thickness of the clip is 1.5mm to 3.0mm. It is used to firmly connect the installation wire mesh 3 and the steel wire 4 at the intersection.

[0034] It should be noted that the clamp-type structure of connector 5 allows construction personnel to perform fast and large-scale fastening operations on site using special tools (such as hydraulic pliers), ensuring that wire mesh 3 and steel wire 4 can form a strong mechanical engagement at thousands of intersections. The inner diameter of the ring buckle of 10mm to 20mm and the thickness of the clamp of 1.5mm to 3.0mm can ensure the connection strength while avoiding mechanical damage to the connected parts 5 such as steel wire 4.

[0035] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 6 The gasket 202 is a square steel plate with a side length of 80mm-150mm and a thickness of 5mm-10mm. The mounting head 203 is a locking head with a ring-shaped protrusion and an exposed length of 40mm-60mm.

[0036] It should be noted that the square plate design of the gasket 202 effectively disperses the compressive stress on the slope when the nut is tightened, preventing local crushing. After the mounting ring 301 is installed, the steel wire 4 is wrapped around the annular protrusion or connecting through hole of the mounting ring 301. This not only fixes the steel wire 4, but also limits the mounting ring 301, preventing the net from coming off the anchor point under slope vibration or wind. The 40mm-60mm exposed length provides ample operating space for hanging multiple layers of net and final tightening.

[0037] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 4 The water pipe 6 is a perforated HDPE pipe with an outer diameter of 50mm-100mm and a length of 1.0m-3.0m. The water pipe 6 is driven into the slope at an elevation angle of 5°-10° and is wrapped with non-woven geotextile as a filter layer. The outlet end of the water pipe 6 is more than 20mm higher than the bottom of the water collection trough 101.

[0038] It should be noted that the HDPE material and perforated pipe structure of the water pipe 6 give it flexibility, durability and high permeability. The 5°-10° angle of insertion into the slope ensures that the water in the pipe flows naturally to the outlet by gravity, avoiding the formation of stagnant water or siltation. The non-woven geotextile wrapped on the outside acts as a filter layer, allowing water to enter the pipe while effectively preventing the surrounding fine soil particles from being washed away, thus preventing pipe blockage. The design of the outlet being more than 20mm higher than the bottom of the water collection trough 101 prevents water flowing out of the slope from directly scouring the bottom lining of the water collection trough 101, thus playing a role in energy dissipation and protection.

[0039] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 4The drainage channel 102 has a trapezoidal cross section, is located at the toe of the slope, has a depth of 300mm-500mm, a bottom width of 200mm-400mm, and the inner wall of the drainage channel 102 is lined with concrete.

[0040] It should be noted that the trapezoidal cross-section of the drainage channel 102 has a smaller wetted perimeter under the same water flow area, which can reduce water flow resistance and improve drainage efficiency. It is set at the toe of the slope and can effectively collect all the water flow from the slope water collection channel 101 and the water guide pipe 6 inside the slope.

[0041] Working principle: First, the slope body 1 is trimmed. Then, holes are drilled on its slope surface at the designed locations, and anchor bolts 201 are driven into the stable soil layer at a downward inclination angle of 15° to 30° and a spacing of 2.0m to 3.0m, ensuring that their length is 1.2m to 3.0m and their diameter is 16mm to 32mm, forming the foundation of the entire structure. Next, steel square gaskets 202 and installation heads 203 with annular protrusions are sequentially fitted onto the ends of the anchor bolts 201 and initially fixed, so that the gaskets 202 are tightly attached to the slope surface. Subsequently, a drainage system is laid, and HDPE perforated water pipes 6 with an outer diameter of 50mm to 100mm and wrapped with non-woven geotextile are driven into the slope body at an upward angle of 5° to 10°. The outlet end of the pipe must be at least 20mm higher than the bottom of the subsequently excavated water collection trough 101. At the same time, the water collection trough 101 is excavated on the slope surface, and a trapezoidal cross-section drainage trough is excavated at the toe of the slope. The water trough 102 is lined with concrete. Then, the protective netting is installed. The high-strength geogrid wire mesh 3 with installation rings 301 and a mesh size of 20mm×20mm-50mm×50mm is fitted onto the installation head 203 through the installation rings 301, so that it is tightly against the gasket 202. Then, high-strength steel rope net wire 4 with a mesh size of 100mm×100mm to 200mm×200mm is installed on the outside, and a layer spacing of 50mm to 150mm is maintained between it and the wire mesh 3. After that, stainless steel clip-type connectors 5 with an inner diameter of 10mm to 20mm are used to firmly connect the wire mesh 3 and the wire 4 at the intersection, forming a double-layer composite protection system with synergistic force. Finally, the nuts on the installation head 203 are tightened to ensure that the entire netting system is taut and firmly anchored to the slope.

Claims

1. A double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes, characterized in that: Includes a slope body (1), on which several fixing components are installed, on which wire mesh (3) and several steel wires (4) are installed, and connecting parts (5) are installed between the intersections of the wire mesh (3) and the steel wires (4). The fixing components include an anchor rod (201) installed on the slope body (1), a gasket (202) sleeved on the end of the anchor rod (201), and an installation head (203) fixedly connected to the end of the anchor rod (201). The wire mesh (3) and steel wire (4) are installed on the installation head (203) from bottom to top, and the gasket (202) is in close contact with the slope surface. A drainage system is provided on the slope body (1). The drainage system includes a water collection trough (101) opened on the slope surface of the slope body (1), a drainage trough (102) opened at the bottom of the slope, and several water guide pipes (6) buried in the slope body (1). The water collection trough (101) and the water guide pipes (6) are connected at their outlets. The drainage trough (102) is used to collect and discharge the water flow from the water collection trough (101).

2. The double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wire mesh (3) has several mounting rings (301) on its edge. The inner diameter of the mounting rings (301) is 30mm to 50mm. The mounting rings (301) are fitted onto the mounting head (203).

3. The double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rods (201) are 1.2m-3.0m long and 16mm-32mm in diameter. They are arranged in a rectangular pattern on the slope with a spacing of 2.0m-3.0m. The anchoring end of the anchor rods (201) is driven into the slope rock and soil at a downward inclination angle of 15° to 30° with the horizontal plane.

4. A double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation wire mesh (3) is woven from high-strength geogrid with diamond-shaped mesh openings and mesh sizes of 20mm×20mm-50mm×50mm. The steel wire (4) is made of high-strength steel rope mesh with mesh sizes of 100mm×100mm-200mm×200mm. The interlayer spacing between the installation wire mesh (3) and the steel wire (4) is 50mm-150mm.

5. A double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (5) is a stainless steel clip structure. The inner diameter of the connector (5) ring is 10mm to 20mm and the thickness of the clip is 1.5mm to 3.0mm. It is used to firmly connect the wire mesh (3) and the steel wire (4) at the intersection.

6. A double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasket (202) is a square steel plate with a side length of 80mm-150mm and a thickness of 5mm-10mm. The mounting head (203) is a locking head with a ring-shaped protrusion and an exposed length of 40mm-60mm.

7. A double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pipe (6) is a perforated HDPE pipe with an outer diameter of 50mm-100mm and a length of 1.0m-3.0m. The water pipe (6) is driven into the slope at an elevation angle of 5°-10° and is wrapped with non-woven geotextile as a filter layer. The water outlet end of the water pipe (6) is more than 20mm higher than the bottom of the water collection trough (101).

8. A double-layer composite wire mesh slope protection structure for steep slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage channel (102) has a trapezoidal cross section, located at the toe of the slope, with a depth of 300mm-500mm and a bottom width of 200mm-400mm. The inner wall of the drainage channel (102) is lined with concrete.

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