A device for detecting the bearing capacity of a foundation against shear failure

Abstract

The utility model relates to civil engineering detection equipment technical field, and disclose a kind of anti-shear failure foundation bearing capacity detection device, including probe rod;Drop component, the drop component sliding sleeve is set in the outer wall of probe rod;Grip component, the grip component sliding sleeve is set in the outer wall of probe rod, and the drop component with the grip component between through the detachable connection of clamping structure is realized;Unlocking component, the unlocking component is fixedly installed in the top of probe rod, for relieving the clamping state of the drop component with the grip component, the utility model sets drop component and grip component clamping, when pin post extends into installation groove, bead can be embedded in the clamping groove, avoid the welding cracking or loosening problem caused by force concentration of traditional welding handle, when drop component rises to contact with unlocking component, magnetic attraction drives inner ring extrusion spring to descend, relieve clamping, avoid the problem of non-free falling of weight due to force hand release.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of civil engineering testing equipment technology, and in particular to a shear-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device. Background Technology

[0002] The foundation is the load-bearing core of a building project, and its bearing capacity directly affects the stability, safety, and service life of the structure. Currently, static load testing, dynamic cone penetration testing, and pressuremeter testing are commonly used to test the bearing capacity of the foundation. Among them, the dynamic cone penetration testing method mostly uses a dynamic cone penetrometer. When using it, the site needs to be leveled, pre-drilled to the soil layer to be tested, and after assembling the components, a heavy hammer is used to impact the probe rod in free fall. The number of hammer blows to the specific depth is recorded to determine the bearing capacity. The hammer of existing power penetrometers is usually fixed with a welded handle for workers to hold and operate. When lifting, the force on the handle is concentrated at the welded point and bolt. If the hammer is heavy, the welded handle is prone to cracking or loosening. In addition, the hammer needs to be released actively by the hand when falling. The hammer may not fall freely due to the force of releasing the hand, which affects the accuracy of the test data.

[0003] Therefore, a shear-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device was designed. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a shear-damage-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device. It solves the problems of existing power penetrometers where the hammer handle is fixed in a way that causes concentrated force during lifting, making it prone to loosening, and the hammer requires manual release, which can lead to non-free fall due to force, thus affecting the accuracy of the test data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A shear-damage-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device includes a probe; a dropping component slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe; a gripping component slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe, and the dropping component and the gripping component are detachably connected by a snap-fit ​​structure; and an unlocking component fixedly installed on the top of the probe for releasing the snap-fit ​​state between the dropping component and the gripping component.

[0006] Preferably, the falling component includes: a weight, the interior of which has a through mounting groove along its axial direction; an outer ring, the outer ring being annular in structure and fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the mounting groove; and an inner ring, the inner ring being annular in structure with magnetic properties and coaxially disposed on the inner side of the outer ring, forming an annular gap between the inner ring and the outer ring.

[0007] Preferably, the falling component further includes: a convex ring, which is an annular protrusion structure and is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the hammer to limit the downward travel of the inner ring; and a spring, wherein the mounting groove and the inner ring are elastically connected by a spring.

[0008] Preferably, the inner ring further includes: a top ring, which is an annular structure and coaxially disposed at the top of the inner ring; and connecting rods, which are rigid rods, with multiple rods evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner ring, and one end of each connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top end face of the inner ring, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the top ring, so that the top ring and the inner ring form a coaxial and fixed integral structure.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-sectional structure of the mounting groove is rectangular at the top and trapezoidal at the bottom: its top section is a rectangular structure for fixing the outer ring; its bottom section is an inverted trapezoidal structure, with the smaller diameter end of the inverted trapezoid facing downwards, which matches the outer wall contour of the inner ring and provides guidance for the axial movement of the inner ring.

[0010] Preferably, the falling component further includes retaining beads, which are spherical in shape and are arranged in multiple circumferentially along the inner ring. Each retaining bead is embedded in the gap between two adjacent connecting rods and can move within the annular gap between the outer ring and the inner ring.

[0011] Preferably, the gripping component includes: a base ring, which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe and located above the falling component; and a pin, which is cylindrical in shape, with a groove formed on its outer wall along its axial direction; the contour of the groove is adapted to the spherical contour of the bead, and when the falling component engages with the gripping component, a portion of the bead is embedded in the groove.

[0012] Preferably, the gripping component further includes: a grip bar, which is a rod-shaped structure and is symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer walls of both sides of the base ring; and a rubber ring pad, which is an elastic annular pad and is respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two grip bars.

[0013] Preferably, the unlocking component includes: a knob, which is a disc-shaped structure and is disposed at the top of the probe; a circular block, which is a cylindrical structure and is coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the knob; and a photoelectric infrared sensor, which is a counting sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the unlocking component further includes: a magnetic block, which is a circular cylindrical structure, coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the circular block, and the magnetism of the magnetic block is opposite to that of the inner ring, driving the inner ring to move axially through magnetic attraction; and a threaded column, which is a column with external threads, coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the circular block, located inside the magnetic block, and the threaded column is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hole opened at the top of the probe rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention features a locking mechanism between a falling component and a gripping component. A locking bead is embedded in the annular gap between the outer and inner rings and is limited by adjacent connecting rods. When the pin extends into the mounting groove, the locking bead engages within the groove, avoiding the welding cracks or loosening problems caused by concentrated force in traditional welded grips. Even with a heavy hammer, the locking structure evenly distributes the force, preventing accidental detachment during lifting. This invention utilizes a magnetic block in the unlocking component that has opposite magnetic properties to the inner ring. Only when the falling component rises to contact the unlocking component will the magnetic attraction drive the inner ring compression spring to move downward, thereby releasing the lock. This replaces the traditional manual release operation, avoiding the problem of the hammer not falling freely due to forceful release, thus stabilizing the hammering energy and reducing data errors caused by accidental release of the hammer. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a partial front cross-sectional view of the present invention. Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the probe rod and unlocking component of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a partial front cross-sectional view of the falling component of this utility model; Figure 7 This utility model Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram of B in the diagram; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Drawing number descriptions: 1. Probe rod; 2. Dropping component; 20. Counterweight; 201. Mounting groove; 202. Convex ring; 21. Outer ring; 22. Inner ring; 221. Top ring; 222. Connecting rod; 23. Spring; 24. Clamping ball; 3. Grip component; 30. Base ring; 301. Pin; 3011. Slot; 31. Grip rod; 311. Rubber gasket; 4. Unlocking component; 40. Knob; 41. Round block; 411. Photoelectric infrared sensor; 42. Magnetic block; 43. Threaded post. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be used in other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0021] Those skilled in the art should understand that in the disclosure of this utility model, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or position based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of simplifying the description of this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more," that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number. Example

[0023] Please see Figures 1-8 A shear-damage-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device includes: a probe 1; a dropping component 2, which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe 1; a gripping component 3, which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe 1, and the dropping component 2 and the gripping component 3 are detachably connected by a snap-fit ​​structure; and an unlocking component 4, which is fixedly installed on the top of the probe 1 and is used to release the snap-fit ​​state between the dropping component 2 and the gripping component 3.

[0024] The falling component 2 includes: a weight 20, the interior of which has a through mounting groove 201 along its axial direction; an outer ring 21, which is an annular structure and is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the mounting groove 201; and an inner ring 22, which is an overall magnetic annular structure and is coaxially arranged inside the outer ring 21, forming an annular gap with the outer ring 21.

[0025] The falling component 2 also includes: a convex ring 202, which is an annular protrusion structure and is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the hammer 20 to limit the downward stroke of the inner ring 22; and a spring 23, which elastically connects the mounting groove 201 and the inner ring 22.

[0026] The inner ring 22 also includes: a top ring 221, which is a ring structure and is coaxially set at the top of the inner ring 22; and connecting rods 222, which are rigid rods with multiple rods evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner ring 22. One end of each connecting rod 222 is fixedly connected to the top end face of the inner ring 22, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the top ring 221, so that the top ring 221 and the inner ring 22 form a coaxial and fixed integral structure.

[0027] The cross-sectional structure of the mounting groove 201 is rectangular at the top and trapezoidal at the bottom: its top section is a rectangular structure used to fix the outer ring 21; its bottom section is an inverted trapezoidal structure, with the small diameter end of the inverted trapezoid facing down, which matches the outer wall contour of the inner ring 22 and provides guidance for the axial movement of the inner ring 22.

[0028] The falling component 2 also includes a locking bead 24, which is a spherical structure with multiple beads spaced apart along the circumference of the inner ring 22. Each locking bead 24 is embedded in the gap between two adjacent connecting rods 222 and can move within the annular gap between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22.

[0029] The gripping component 3 includes: a base ring 30, which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe rod 1 and located above the falling component 2; a pin 301, which is a cylindrical structure, and the outer wall of the pin 301 is provided with a groove 3011 along its axial direction; the outline of the groove 3011 is adapted to the spherical outline of the bead 24, and when the falling component 2 and the gripping component 3 are engaged, part of the spherical part of the bead 24 is embedded in the groove 3011.

[0030] The gripping component 3 also includes: grip rods 31, which are rod-shaped structures and are symmetrically fixedly installed on the outer walls of both sides of the base ring 30; and rubber ring pads 311, which are elastic annular pads and are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outer walls of the two grip rods 31.

[0031] The unlocking component 4 includes: a knob 40, which is a disc-shaped structure and is located at the top of the probe 1; a circular block 41, which is a cylindrical structure and is coaxially fixed to the bottom end face of the knob 40; and a photoelectric infrared sensor 411, which is a counting sensor.

[0032] The unlocking component 4 also includes: a magnetic block 42, which is a circular cylindrical structure and is coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the circular block 41. The magnetism of the magnetic block 42 is opposite to that of the inner ring 22, and the inner ring 22 is driven to move axially through magnetic attraction; and a threaded column 43, which is a column with external threads and is coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the circular block 41, located inside the magnetic block 42. The threaded column 43 is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hole opened at the top of the probe rod 1.

[0033] The lowering component 2 and the gripping component 3 are engaged via a locking bead 24 and a locking groove 3011. The locking bead 24 is embedded in the annular gap between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22 and is limited by the adjacent connecting rod 222. When the pin 301 extends into the mounting groove 201, the locking bead 24 can be engaged in the locking groove 3011, effectively avoiding the welding cracking or loosening problems caused by the concentrated force of traditional welded grips. Even if the weight of the hammer is large, the force can be evenly distributed through the locking structure, preventing the hammer from accidentally falling off during the lifting process. The magnetic block 42 of the unlocking component 4 has opposite magnetic properties to the inner ring 22. Only when the falling component 2 rises to contact the unlocking component 4 will the magnetic attraction drive the inner ring 22 to squeeze the spring 23 downward, thereby releasing the lock. This replaces the traditional manual release operation, effectively avoiding the problem of the hammer 20 not falling freely due to the force of releasing, making the energy of the hammer 20 stable and reducing the data error caused by the accidental release of the hammer 20. The unlocking component 4 is threaded to the probe rod 1 via the threaded post 43. By rotating the knob 40, the distance between the unlocking component 4 and the outer wall protrusion of the probe rod 1 can be adjusted, and the movement height of the hammer 20 can be controlled, such as 50cm. Compared with the traditional power penetrometer that relies on manual estimation of the drop distance, this method ensures that the hammer 20 falls at a consistent height, avoids fluctuations in hammer energy caused by drop distance deviation, and makes the detected N value more accurately reflect the compactness of the foundation soil layer. The photoelectric infrared sensor 411 mounted on the unlocking component 4 can automatically sense the hammering action of the hammer 20 and record the number of times, eliminating the need for manual real-time counting. Compared with the problems of misrecording, omission, and fatigue counting deviation that are prone to occur when counting hammer blows manually, this reduces the need for human intervention in the later data processing. The grips 31 of the gripping component 3 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the base ring 30. The rubber ring pads 311 on the outer wall of the grips 31 can increase the friction between the hand and the grips 31 and prevent the hand from slipping. The mounting groove 201 of the counterweight 20 adopts a rectangular upper section and a trapezoidal lower section. The top rectangular section fixes the outer ring 21, and the bottom inverted trapezoidal section provides guidance for the inner ring 22. The inner ring 22 and the top ring 221 are fixed by multiple circumferentially distributed rigid connecting rods 222, forming an integral force-bearing structure that can withstand the tension during magnetic attraction and the compressive force of the spring 23, preventing component deformation. The retaining ball 24 is made of high-strength wear-resistant material, which can withstand repeated compression during engagement and disengagement, reducing component wear. The counterweight 20 as a whole is made of non-magnetic material. Made of magnetic alloys, high-strength non-magnetic steel, etc., it effectively avoids interference from the main body of the hammer 20 on the magnetic attraction between the magnetic block 42 and the inner ring 22. The thickness of the base ring 30 does not affect the effect of the magnetic block 42 on the inner ring 22. When the falling part 2 rises to contact the unlocking part 4, the magnetic block 42 needs to pass through the area of ​​the base ring 30 to act on the inner ring 22. The base ring 30 can be made of thin, high-strength material, so that the magnetic field of the magnetic block 42 can efficiently penetrate the area of ​​the base ring 30 and maintain sufficient magnetic attraction to drive the inner ring 22 to move. The photoelectric infrared sensor 411 achieves detection by emitting, reflecting, transmitting, and receiving light, and the magnetic field does not directly affect the photon propagation or photoelectric conversion process.

[0034] Workflow Insert the probe rod 1 vertically into the pre-drilled foundation inspection prefabricated hole to ensure that the probe rod 1 is stable and upright; then assemble the components in sequence: first, slide the lowering component 2 onto the outer wall of the probe rod 1, then slide the holding component 3 onto the outer wall of the probe rod 1 and position it below the lowering component 2; finally, connect the unlocking component 4 to the internal threaded hole at the top of the probe rod 1 through the threaded post 43 to complete the initial assembly; Since the outer wall of probe rod 1 usually has a protruding structure to limit the lower limit of the falling part 2, the position of unlocking part 4 needs to be adjusted to control the movement height of the hammer, which is usually 50cm: turn knob 40 to drive the round block 41, magnetic block 42 and threaded column 43 to rotate synchronously, and use the threaded engagement to make unlocking part 4 move up and down along the axis of probe rod 1 until the distance between unlocking part 4 and the protrusion on the outer wall of probe rod 1 is exactly the set movement height of hammer 20, such as 50cm; The operator holds the grip rods 31 on both sides of the grip component 3 with both hands. The rubber ring pads 311 can increase friction and buffer the force on the hands. First, push the grip component 3 downward so that the pin 301 at the top of the base ring 30 extends into the mounting groove 201 of the counterweight 20. When the slot 3011 on the outer wall of the pin 301 is aligned with the ball 24 in the falling component 2, the ball 24 moves radially within the annular gap, and part of the ball is embedded in the slot 3011, so as to realize the snap-fit ​​fixation between the grip component 3 and the falling component 2. Raise both hands to hold component 3, and the locking structure will drive component 2 to move upward along probe 1 synchronously until the top of component 2 contacts the round block 41 of unlocking component 4; at this time, the magnetic block 42 at the bottom of unlocking component 4 has opposite magnetism to the inner ring 22, and pushes the magnetic inner ring 22 through magnetic attraction, so that the inner ring 22 squeezes the spring 23 and moves downward along the inverted trapezoidal structure at the bottom of mounting groove 201 until it contacts the convex ring 202 on the inner wall of the hammer 20; During the downward movement of the inner ring 22, the connecting rod 222 moves synchronously, the gap between adjacent connecting rods 222 widens, and the locking ball 24 is no longer radially limited. The locking ball 24 is dislodged from the slot 3011, the locking state between the gripping component 3 and the falling component 2 is released, and the falling component 2 falls freely along the probe rod 1, hitting the protrusion on the outer wall of the probe rod 1 to complete one hammering. At the same time, the photoelectric infrared sensor 411 on the unlocking component 4 senses the hammering action of the falling component 2 and automatically records the number of hammerings, i.e., the N value. After each hammer blow, observe the penetration depth of probe 1; according to the specifications, record the cumulative number of hammer blows of photoelectric infrared sensor 411 every 30cm of penetration; if a hard layer is encountered, when the number of hammer blows reaches 50 and the penetration is still less than 30cm, record the cumulative number of hammer blows and the actual penetration depth at this time, until the foundation bearing capacity test of the test point is completed.

[0035] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and explained in the embodiments. Without departing from the stated principles, the implementation of the present invention may have any variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the bearing capacity of a foundation resistant to shear failure, characterized in that, include: Probe (1); The falling component (2) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe rod (1); The gripping component (3) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe rod (1), and the falling component (2) and the gripping component (3) are detachably connected by a snap-fit ​​structure. Unlocking component (4), which is fixedly installed on the top of the probe (1) and is used to release the locking state between the falling component (2) and the gripping component (3).

2. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The falling component (2) includes: A hammer (20) has a through mounting groove (201) along its axial direction inside. Outer ring (21), the outer ring (21) is a ring structure and is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the mounting groove (201); The inner ring (22) is a magnetic ring structure and is coaxially arranged inside the outer ring (21), forming an annular gap with the outer ring (21).

3. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The falling component (2) also includes: The convex ring (202) is an annular protrusion structure, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the weight (20) to limit the downward stroke of the inner ring (22); Spring (23), the mounting groove (201) and the inner ring (22) are elastically connected by spring (23).

4. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner ring (22) also includes: Top ring (221), the top ring (221) is a ring structure and is coaxially disposed on the top of the inner ring (22); The connecting rod (222) is a rigid rod body, and multiple rods are distributed at equal intervals around the inner ring (22). One end of each connecting rod (222) is fixedly connected to the top end face of the inner ring (22), and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the top ring (221), so that the top ring (221) and the inner ring (22) form a coaxial and fixed integral structure.

5. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional structure of the mounting groove (201) is rectangular at the top and trapezoidal at the bottom: its top section is a rectangular structure used to fix the outer ring (21); its bottom section is an inverted trapezoidal structure, with the small diameter end of the inverted trapezoid facing down, which matches the outer wall contour of the inner ring (22) and provides guidance for the axial movement of the inner ring (22).

6. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The falling component (2) also includes a locking bead (24), which is a spherical structure. Multiple locking beads (24) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the inner ring (22), and each locking bead (24) is embedded in the gap between two adjacent connecting rods (222) and can move within the annular gap between the outer ring (21) and the inner ring (22).

7. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gripping component (3) includes: Base ring (30), which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the probe (1) and located above the falling component (2); Pin (301), the pin (301) is a cylindrical structure, and the outer wall of the pin (301) is provided with a groove (3011) along its axial direction. The outline of the slot (3011) is adapted to the spherical outline of the bead (24). When the falling component (2) engages with the holding component (3), part of the sphere of the bead (24) is embedded in the slot (3011).

8. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gripping component (3) also includes: The grip (31) is a rod-shaped structure and is symmetrically fixedly installed on both outer walls of the base ring (30); Rubber ring pad (311), which is an elastic annular pad, is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the two grip rods (31).

9. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The unlocking component (4) includes: A knob (40), which is a disc-shaped structure, is located at the top of the probe (1); The circular block (41) is a cylindrical structure and is coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the knob (40); Photoelectric infrared sensor (411), wherein the photoelectric infrared sensor (411) is a counting sensor.

10. The shear failure-resistant foundation bearing capacity testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The unlocking component (4) also includes: Magnetic block (42), the magnetic block (42) is a circular cylindrical structure, coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the circular block (41), and the magnetism of the magnetic block (42) is opposite to that of the inner ring (22), and the inner ring (22) is driven to move axially through magnetic attraction; The threaded column (43) is a column with external threads, which is coaxially fixedly installed on the bottom end face of the round block (41) and located inside the magnetic block (42). The threaded column (43) is threadedly connected to the internal threaded hole opened at the top of the probe rod (1).

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