A lining device for small cross-section tunnel concrete support

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lining device for small section tunnel concrete support relates to the field of tunnel lining, aims at solving the problem of conventional small section tunnel concrete support lining device installation and dismounting complex, positioning is difficult, and the joint tightness is poor and is easy to leak grout, including top form, two groups of symmetrical distribution's side form are fixedly connected with below top form, is equipped with the bracing piece between two groups side form, the bracing piece both ends are connected with adjusting backing pad, adjusting backing pad with side form butt joint, the bracing piece fixedly connected with connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with stand, the stand is fixedly connected with limit rod, is equipped with the mounting hole that limit rod passes through on top form, the mounting hole side piece is equipped with form buckle, form buckle with limit rod fixedly connected, the advantage lies in: through the cooperation of limit rod and mounting hole, guarantees the assembly precision between top form, improves the tightness of top form through form buckle simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel lining technology, and in particular to a lining device for concrete support of small-section tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] In the concrete lining construction of small-section tunnels (such as water diversion tunnels in water conservancy projects, municipal integrated pipe corridors, and mine roadways), the traditional method usually involves assembling multiple small prefabricated templates (such as steel templates or wooden templates) on-site to form a ring-shaped or arched supporting shell, followed by concrete pouring. This method, due to the small size of its template units, offers a degree of flexibility in adapting to changes in tunnel cross-sections and local irregular contours, making it a common choice for operations in confined spaces.

[0003] However, in practical construction applications, this lining device based on the splicing of small, prefabricated panels has a series of significant technical defects, which seriously restrict construction efficiency and final forming quality: First, each individual template panel needs to be connected and fixed to adjacent panels using bolts, clips, or welding. Within the confined space of the tunnel, worker operation is difficult, and securing each connection point and subsequent dismantling consumes a significant amount of time and manpower. Especially during the dismantling phase, the adhesion and pressure of concrete can easily cause the connectors to jam or corrode, further increasing the difficulty of dismantling. This not only affects the construction progress but also increases the labor intensity and operational risks for workers.

[0004] Secondly, the existing panel system lacks an efficient and unified positioning benchmark or guiding mechanism. The assembly of panels relies primarily on visual observation and manual adjustment by construction workers to achieve alignment. This experience-dependent approach easily leads to problems such as misalignment, uneven gaps, or misaligned joints between panels. Inaccurate positioning directly affects the geometric dimensional accuracy of the lining structure.

[0005] Furthermore, due to the aforementioned inaccuracies in positioning and differences in connection tightness, it is difficult to achieve a tight seal between the panels. During concrete pouring, cement grout easily leaks from these loose joints under pump pressure. Grout leakage not only wastes concrete materials but also creates honeycomb, pitted, or noticeable "scar"-like joint marks on the lining surface, severely damaging the smoothness and integrity of the lining surface. Subsequent surface repairs require additional manpower and resources, and the repaired areas often become potential weak points due to poor bonding with the original concrete. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, this utility model provides a lining device for concrete support of small cross-section tunnels. This design effectively solves the problems of complex installation and disassembly, difficult positioning, poor joint sealing and easy grout leakage of conventional lining devices for concrete support of small cross-section tunnels.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention includes a top template, two sets of symmetrically distributed side templates are fixedly connected below the top template, a support rod is provided between the two sets of side templates, an adjusting pad is connected to both ends of the support rod, the adjusting pad abuts against the side template, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the support rod, a column is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, a limiting rod is fixedly connected to the column, an installation hole for the limiting rod to pass through is provided on the top template, a template buckle is provided on the side of the installation hole, and the template buckle is fixedly connected to the limiting rod; Both the top template and the side template include end templates and intermediate templates, and a protective edge is provided on one side of the end template.

[0008] Preferably, both the top template and the side template are fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and the two sets of connecting plates are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0009] Preferably, the template buckle includes a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are hinged together, a fixing bolt is hinged on the first clamping plate, a groove is opened on the second clamping plate to cooperate with the fixing bolt, and a fixing nut is threadedly connected above the fixing bolt.

[0010] Preferably, both sides of the top template are provided with storage slots, and the depth of the storage slots is half the length of the template buckle.

[0011] Preferably, both ends of the support rod are threaded with adjusting screws, and the adjusting screws are fixedly connected to the adjusting pad.

[0012] Preferably, the top template is a semi-circular ring structure, the top template includes a first set of plates, and a second set of plates are fitted on both sides of the first set of plates. The inner sides of the two sets of second sets of plates have protrusions extending inward, and the sides of the first set of plates are provided with slots that cooperate with the protrusions.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the outstanding advantages of this utility model are: This application enables the rapid positioning and assembly of multiple sets of top formwork through the limiting rod, reducing installation difficulty, avoiding excessive reliance on human experience during the installation process, and improving installation efficiency. In addition, the formwork clips enable multiple sets of top formwork to be tightly connected, thereby ensuring the sealing of the top formwork assembly and preventing grout leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention with the column structure omitted.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top template connection structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the top template's axial side structure.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top template of this utility model from a forward exploded view.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second group of plates of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram of A in the diagram.

[0021] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Top template; 101. First set of plates; 102. Second set of plates; 103. Boss; 104. Slot; 2. Side template; 3. Support rod; 4. Adjusting pad; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Column; 7. Limiting rod; 8. Mounting hole; 9. Template clip; 901. First clamping plate; 902. Second clamping plate; 903. Fixing bolt; 904. Fixing nut; 10. Protective edge; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Adjusting screw. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Please see the appendix Figure 1-7 This embodiment describes a lining device for concrete support in small-section tunnels, comprising a semi-circular arched top formwork 1 and two sets of side formwork 2 symmetrically connected to its lower edges. The top formwork 1 and the side formwork 2 constitute a complete inner contour-shaping cavity for the tunnel lining.

[0024] To enhance the overall rigidity of the formwork and its ability to resist lateral pressure from concrete, a support rod 3 is horizontally installed between the two sets of side formwork 2. Both ends of the support rod 3 are threaded with adjusting screws 12, and the ends of the adjusting screws 12 are fixedly connected to adjusting pads 4. By rotating the adjusting screws 12, the distance between the two adjusting pads 4 can be precisely adjusted, ensuring they are tightly pressed against the inner walls of the side formwork 2 on both sides. This provides stable lateral support to the side formwork 2 from the inside, effectively preventing outward deformation of the formwork during pouring.

[0025] To achieve rapid positioning and installation of the top support, a horizontally placed connecting rod 5 is fixedly connected to the middle of the support rod 3 by steel pipe clamps. The connecting rod 5 is placed at a 90-degree angle to the support rod 3. Both ends of the connecting rod 5 are fixedly connected to columns 6 by steel pipe clamps. The top of the column 6 is fixedly connected to a limit rod 7, which rests on the ground below. Multiple mounting holes 8 matching the size of the limit rod 7 are opened on the top template 1. A template buckle 9 is set on one side of the mounting hole 8 to quickly lock the limit rod 7 after it passes through the mounting hole 8. After multiple top templates 1 are fitted onto the limit rod 7, the template buckle 9 ensures that two adjacent top templates 1 are close to each other, avoiding gaps at the contact points and ensuring the compactness of the templates.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the template clip 9 includes a first clamping plate 901 and a second clamping plate 902, which are connected by a hinge shaft and can open and close around the shaft. A fixing bolt 903 is hinged on the first clamping plate 901, and a groove that matches the shape of the end of the fixing bolt 903 is provided on the second clamping plate 902. When the first clamping plate 901 and the second clamping plate 902 close and clamp the limiting rod 7, the fixing bolt 903 is rotated into the groove, and then the fixing nut 904 is tightened on the fixing bolt 903 to securely lock the template clip 9 onto the limiting rod 7. This design realizes a quick and reliable connection between the support structure and the top template 1, avoiding the cumbersome operation of tightening multiple bolts in a narrow space in the traditional method, and greatly improving the assembly and disassembly efficiency.

[0027] Considering the continuity of tunnel lining construction, both the top formwork 1 and the side formwork 2 adopt a modular design, including end formwork located at the ends and several intermediate formwork located in the middle. One side of the end formwork is provided with an outwardly extending protective edge 10. When multiple lining devices are spliced ​​sequentially along the tunnel axis, the protective edge 10 of the end formwork of the next section can overlap the end of the previous section of the formwork, which plays a role in initial positioning and blocking grout leakage at the longitudinal joint, thereby improving the sealing and smoothness of the longitudinal splicing of the formwork system.

[0028] To facilitate the connection and installation between the top formwork 1 and the side formwork 2, connecting plates 11 are welded at corresponding positions on the lower edge of the top formwork 1 and the upper edge of the side formwork 2. The two sets of connecting plates 11 are fixedly connected by high-strength bolts to ensure the structural strength and sealing of the connection between the arch and the side wall.

[0029] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, symmetrical storage slots are also provided on both sides of the top edge of the top template 1. The depth of the storage slots is designed to be half the length of the template clip 9. When multiple sets of top templates 1 are spliced ​​together, the template clip 9 can be embedded into the storage slots of two sets of top templates 1 to reduce protruding parts and ensure the sealing of the top templates 1 when they are fastened together.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the top template 1 is a semi-circular ring structure composed of three arc-shaped plates, specifically including a first set of plates 101 located in the center and two second set of plates 102 symmetrically spliced ​​on both sides of it. In order to achieve precise splicing and prevent misalignment, protrusions 103 extending inward are processed on the inner side of the two second set of plates 102 (i.e., the side facing the first set of plates 101). Correspondingly, slots 104 that perfectly match the shape of the protrusions 103 are opened on both sides of the first set of plates 101, and mounting holes 8 are provided on both the first set of plates 101 and the second set of plates 102.

[0031] During installation, the first set of plates 101 and the second set of plates 102 are first inserted into the corresponding guide rods. Then, the protrusions 103 of the second set of plates 102 are aligned and embedded into the slots 104 of the first set of plates 101, which can achieve rapid and accurate positioning between the three plates. To ensure the stability of the gap between the first set of plates 101 and the second set of plates 102, the gap between the first set of plates 101 and the second set of plates 102 is an L-shaped joint. This matching structure of the protrusions 103 and the slots 104 replaces the method of relying entirely on manual alignment and external fastening, fundamentally ensuring the flatness and tightness of the splice joint, significantly reducing the risk of grout leakage due to poor splicing, and ensuring the flatness of the inner surface of the lining.

[0032] The overall working process of this application is as follows: During construction, the lining device is first assembled on the working face. The side formwork 2 and the top formwork 1 are connected as a whole by connecting plates 11 and bolts. Then, the support rod 3 with adjusting pads 4 is placed between the two sets of side formwork 2. By rotating the adjusting screws 12 at both ends, the adjusting pads 4 are tightly pressed against the inner wall of the side formwork 2 to complete the internal support. Next, the limiting rod 7 on the column 6 is passed through the mounting hole 8 of the top formwork 1 and quickly locked using the formwork clips 9 to complete the fixation of the top support. Multiple such devices are spliced ​​along the tunnel axis and overlapped using the protective edges 10 of the end formwork. Finally, concrete is poured. During demolding, the formwork clips 9, adjusting screws 12 and connecting bolts are released in sequence, and the device can be moved out as a whole or in sections for reuse in the next work cycle.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lining device for concrete support of small-section tunnels, characterized in that: Includes a top template (1), with two sets of symmetrically distributed side templates (2) fixedly connected below the top template (1), and a support rod (3) provided between the two sets of side templates (2). Both ends of the support rod (3) are connected to adjusting pads (4), and the adjusting pads (4) abut against the side templates (2). The support rod (3) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (5), and a column (6) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (5). The column (6) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (7). The top template (1) is provided with an installation hole (8) through which the limiting rod (7) passes. The side of the installation hole (8) is provided with a template buckle (9), and the template buckle (9) is fixedly connected to the limiting rod (7). The top template (1) and the side template (2) both include end templates and middle templates, and a protective edge (10) is provided on one side of the end template.

2. The lining device for concrete support of small-section tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top template (1) and the side template (2) are both fixedly connected with connecting plates (11), and the two sets of connecting plates (11) are fixedly connected by bolts.

3. The lining device for concrete support of small-section tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The template buckle (9) includes a first clamping plate (901) and a second clamping plate (902). The first clamping plate (901) and the second clamping plate (902) are hinged together. A fixing bolt (903) is hinged on the first clamping plate (901). A groove is opened on the second clamping plate (902) to cooperate with the fixing bolt (903). A fixing nut (904) is threaded on the top of the fixing bolt (903).

4. The lining device for concrete support of small-section tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top template (1) is provided with storage slots on both sides, and the depth of the storage slots is half the length of the template buckle (9).

5. A lining device for concrete support of small-section tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the support rod (3) are threaded with adjusting screws (12), and the adjusting screws (12) are fixedly connected to the adjusting pad (4).

6. A lining device for concrete support of small-section tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top template (1) is a semi-circular ring structure. The top template (1) includes a first set of plates (101). The first set of plates (101) is fitted with a second set of plates (102) on both sides. The inner sides of the two sets of second sets of plates (102) have protrusions (103) extending inward. The first set of plates (101) has slots (104) on both sides that cooperate with the protrusions (103).

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