Self-locking fastener

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fastener, especially a kind of automatic locking fastener, including mounting mechanism and the fixing mechanism of mounting mechanism connection, fixing mechanism includes operating head and the locking rod connected with operating head, operating head is equipped with at least two symmetrical distribution's locking slot, mounting mechanism includes gasket and the locking buckle of being placed in gasket both sides, gasket is equipped with the conical guide hole of penetration, the bore diameter of conical guide hole is successively decreasing from top to bottom, the inner wall of conical guide hole is equipped with engaging piece, engaging piece can contract radially and form mechanical interlock with locking slot when being pressed down in fixing mechanism, the bottom of conical guide hole is equipped with annular sealing structure;Compared with prior art, the utility model greatly shortens assembly time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fastener technology, and more specifically, to an automatic locking fastener. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as mechanical assembly, building structure and industrial equipment manufacturing, threaded fasteners (such as screw and nut combinations) are the current mainstream connection technology.

[0003] The basic working principle of this type of fastener is to achieve a mechanical connection between two or more components through the engagement of external and internal threads, and to apply torque using tools (such as wrenches and screwdrivers) to achieve a predetermined tightening force. Its design has significant advantages such as simple structure, high reliability, and strong adaptability, and it has been widely used in various mechanical connection scenarios.

[0004] However, in specific working conditions requiring frequent disassembly, rapid assembly, or limited space (e.g., equipment maintenance in narrow cavities, temporary structural fixation for high-altitude operations), traditional screw connection solutions exhibit the following significant drawbacks: Because the length of standardized screws is typically greater than the thickness of the connecting components, the screw end inevitably protrudes beyond the nut after tightening. In compact spaces (such as inside motor housings or precision instrument assembly areas), the protruding screw end may interfere with other moving parts, leading to abnormal equipment operation or structural friction damage. Even adding shims or cutting off excess screws adds additional installation time and material waste. Traditional screw tightening or loosening requires external tools (such as wrenches). For example, in conditions with frequent vibration, nuts may gradually loosen due to prolonged vibration, but re-tightening requires climbing to a high working point and carrying specialized tools, increasing maintenance costs and potentially hindering effective tool application due to limited operating space, ultimately affecting tightening quality. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an automatic locking fastener that is easier to install.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An automatic locking fastener, characterized in that it includes an installation mechanism and a fixing mechanism connected to the installation mechanism. The fixing mechanism includes an operating head and a locking rod connected to the operating head, and the operating head is provided with at least two symmetrically distributed locking grooves; The mounting mechanism includes a gasket and locking buckles located on both sides of the gasket. The gasket has a through-hole tapered guide hole, the diameter of which decreases continuously from top to bottom. The inner wall of the tapered guide hole is provided with a locking component, which can form a mechanical interlock with the locking groove when the fixing mechanism is pressed down; The bottom of the tapered guide hole is equipped with an annular sealing structure.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the locking groove of the operating head is a rectangular through groove, and the length direction of the groove is perpendicular to the axial direction of the fixing mechanism.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the cone angle of the tapered guide hole is in the range of 15° to 25°, and the wall of the tapered guide hole is provided with at least one annular guide groove.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that: the engaging member is a metal spring, and the free end of the metal spring has a bending angle in the direction of the central axis of the tapered guide hole, the bending angle being 30° to 60°.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that: the annular sealing structure is a metal lip extending toward the central axis, and the metal lip forms a gap fit with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing mechanism.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the inner surface of the locking groove is provided with a plurality of anti-slip protrusions.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the ratio of the diameter of the tapered guide hole to the outer diameter of the operating head is 0.8 to 0.9.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. Due to the automatic interlocking mechanism of the snap-fit ​​parts and locking slots, the locking can be completed by simply pressing during operation, eliminating the need for tools such as wrenches and screwdrivers. It is especially suitable for installation scenarios where traditional tools are difficult to operate, such as high altitudes and narrow spaces, and greatly shortens the assembly time. 2. The multi-directional interlocking design of the locking groove and the engaging parts allows the load to be evenly transmitted along the contact surface. Compared with the traditional single-sided load-bearing structure of the thread, it effectively reduces stress concentration, reduces fretting wear at the connection parts, and extends service life. 3. The metal lip of the annular sealing structure fits against the outer circumference of the fixing mechanism when locked, forming a dynamic dustproof and waterproof barrier to prevent contaminants from entering the locking interface and ensure the long-term reliability of the fastener in harsh environments such as humid and dusty conditions. 4. The optimized locking mechanism eliminates the need for excess screw portion to extend beyond the connection surface, thus eliminating the internal interference problem caused by redundant length of traditional screws. It is especially suitable for fastening needs in space-constrained applications such as precision instruments and motor housings. 5. Compared with the traditional threaded fasteners that require regular manual re-tightening, the self-locking and sealing characteristics of this solution greatly reduce the need for later maintenance and lower the overall cost of downtime inspection and replacement of parts. 6. The symmetrical distribution of locking slots and the adjustable design of tapered guide holes allow it to be adapted to fixing mechanisms of different sizes without the need for customized modifications, thus improving the versatility and assembly flexibility of fasteners. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0015] 1. Installation mechanism; 2. Fixing mechanism; 3. Operating head; 4. Locking rod; 5. Locking groove; 6. Gasket; 7. Locking buckle; 8. Conical guide hole; 9. Snap-fit ​​part; 10. Annular sealing structure; 11. Annular guide groove; 12. Anti-slip protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, an automatic locking fastener includes a fixing mechanism 2 and an installation mechanism 1. The fixing mechanism 2 and the installation mechanism 1 are mechanically interlocked through a plug-in connection, the installation mechanism 1 is fixedly linked to the workpiece to be installed through a connection, and the fixing mechanism 2 and the installation mechanism 1 are locked together through an elastic engagement.

[0019] The fixing mechanism 2 is an insertion component consisting of an operating head 3 and a locking rod 4, and its specific function is to provide an operating interface and a locking force-bearing body. The mounting mechanism 1 is a fixing base consisting of a gasket 6, a locking buckle 7, a snap-fit ​​component 9, and a sealing structure, and its specific function is to provide a combination of guiding, locking, and sealing functions.

[0020] Specifically, when the fixing mechanism 2 is inserted into the installation mechanism 1, it achieves self-centering through the conical guide structure; when the operating head 3 moves to the locking position, the engaging part 9 and the locking groove 5 form a mechanical interlock; when the fastener is in the locked state, the sealing structure undergoes elastic deformation to form a sealing interface; when disassembly is required, the fixing mechanism 2 and the installation mechanism 1 can be separated by directly applying a pulling force, achieving tool-free quick disassembly.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the fixing mechanism 2 includes an operating head 3 and a locking rod 4. The operating head 3 and the locking rod 4 are integrated into one piece. Two rectangular locking grooves 5 are symmetrically arranged on the outer periphery of the operating head 3, and the inner surface of the locking grooves 5 is provided with an array of anti-slip protrusions 12. The operating head 3 and the locking rod 4 achieve force transmission linkage through integrated molding.

[0022] The operating head 3 is a straight cylindrical structure made of high-strength alloy steel, and its specific function is to provide an operating interface and a locking force surface. The locking rod 4 is a cylindrical rod structure with a galvanized anti-rust treatment, and its specific function is to transmit the locking force and guide insertion. The anti-slip protrusions 12 array is a micro-protrusion structure with a height of 0.15mm, and its specific function is to increase frictional resistance and prevent accidental loosening.

[0023] Specifically, when the fixing mechanism 2 is inserted into the mounting mechanism 1, the operating head 3 first enters the tapered guide hole 8; when the locking groove 5 moves to the position aligned with the engaging part 9, the anti-slip protrusion 12 generates increased friction with the engaging part 9; when subjected to vibration load, the array of anti-slip protrusions 12 effectively suppresses the loosening tendency through multi-point contact, ensuring locking reliability.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the mounting mechanism 1 includes a gasket 6, a locking buckle 7, a locking element 9, and a sealing structure. The gasket 6 has a tapered guide hole 8. The locking buckles 7 are located on both sides of the gasket 6 and are to be fixed to furniture or a rubber conveyor belt. There are at least two locking buckles 7, and possibly four. The locking element 9 is installed in the annular guide groove 11 on the inner wall of the tapered guide hole 8. The sealing structure surrounds the tapered guide hole 8. The gasket 6 and the locking buckle 7 are fixedly connected to achieve workpiece linkage, and the gasket 6 and the locking element 9 are fixedly linked by riveting.

[0025] Among them, the gasket 6 is a base plate made of metal sheet, and the tapered guide hole 8 has a 20° tapered angle, with the larger end diameter being larger than the smaller end diameter. Its specific function is to provide guidance and a mounting base. The locking buckle 7 is a connecting structure integrally formed with the gasket 6, and its specific function is to achieve a reliable connection with the workpiece. The locking element 9 is an elastic element made of high-strength spring steel sheet, with its free end bent at 45° towards the central axis of the tapered hole. Its specific function is to achieve automatic locking and unlocking.

[0026] Specifically, when the fixing mechanism 2 is inserted, the inclined surface of the tapered guide hole 8 guides the operating head 3 to be accurately positioned; when the operating head 3 passes through, the locking member 9 retracts inward; when it reaches the locking position, the locking member 9 springs into the locking groove 5 to form a mechanical interlock; when subjected to vibration, the pre-tightening force of the locking member 9 effectively prevents loosening.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the engaging component 9 includes a spring steel sheet and a fixing root. The spring steel sheet is riveted to the annular guide groove 11 via the fixing root, and the free end of the spring steel sheet protrudes into the hole. The fixing root and the annular guide groove 11 are fixedly linked by riveting, and the spring steel sheet and the operating head 3 are elastically deformed and linked by contact.

[0028] Among them, the 45° bending structure at the free end of the snap-fit ​​9 is a pre-formed curved surface, the specific function of which is to optimize the contact conditions with the operating head 3.

[0029] Specifically, when the operating head 3 is inserted, its outer edge contacts the free end of the spring steel sheet, forcing the spring steel sheet to retract inward; when it reaches the locking position, the spring steel sheet quickly springs into the locking groove 5 by relying on its elastic restoring force; when disassembly is required, the applied tension causes the spring steel sheet to retract again, achieving smooth separation.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the sealing structure includes a sealing lip and a base. The sealing lip extends towards the central axis, and the base is arranged around the tapered guide hole 8. The sealing lip and the operating head 3 achieve sealing linkage through contact deformation, and the base and the gasket 6 achieve fixed linkage through interference fit.

[0031] Specifically, when the fixing mechanism 2 is fully inserted, the sealing lip makes close contact with the outer surface of the operating head 3; when affected by external environmental factors, the weather resistance of the fluororubber material ensures stable sealing performance; when vibration occurs, the elastic deformation capacity of the sealing lip maintains the integrity of the sealing interface.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any ordinary changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A self-locking fastener, characterized in that: It includes an installation mechanism (1) and a fixing mechanism (2) that connects the installation mechanism (1). The fixing mechanism (2) includes an operating head (3) and a locking rod (4) connected to the operating head (3). The operating head (3) is provided with at least two symmetrically distributed locking grooves (5). The mounting mechanism (1) includes a gasket (6) and locking buckles (7) placed on both sides of the gasket (6). The gasket (6) has a through tapered guide hole (8), the diameter of which decreases continuously from top to bottom. The inner wall of the tapered guide hole (8) is provided with a locking part (9), which can form a mechanical interlock with the locking groove (5) when the fixing mechanism (2) is pressed down; The bottom of the tapered guide hole (8) is provided with an annular sealing structure (10).

2. The self-locking fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking groove (5) of the operating head (3) is a rectangular through groove, and the length of the groove is perpendicular to the axial direction of the fixing mechanism (2).

3. The self-locking fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone angle of the tapered guide hole (8) ranges from 15° to 25°, and the wall of the tapered guide hole (8) is provided with at least one annular guide groove (11).

4. The self-locking fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engaging element (9) is a metal spring, and the free end of the metal spring has a bending angle in the direction of the central axis of the tapered guide hole (8), with the bending angle being 30° to 60°.

5. The self-locking fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular sealing structure (10) is a metal lip extending toward the central axis, and the metal lip forms a gap fit with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing mechanism (2).

6. The self-locking fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the locking groove (5) is provided with several anti-slip protrusions (12).

7. The self-locking fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the tapered guide hole (8) is 0.8 to 0.9 times the outer diameter of the operating head (3).

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