A one-way device and starter

Abstract

This utility model discloses a one-way device and a starter motor, belonging to the field of starter motor technology. The one-way device includes a gear shaft, a sleeve, and a slide. The sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the gear shaft, and the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a helical spline that mates with the outer wall of the gear shaft. The slide is fitted onto the outside of the sleeve, and the inner side of the slide is provided with a raceway. A boss is provided in the central axial direction of the slide. The rear end of the sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the boss to form a support structure. The outer circumferential surface of the boss and the tooth tip of the helical spline on the inner wall of the sleeve form the support surface of the support structure. The axial bottom surface of the raceway is lower than the axial end surface of the boss. The starter motor includes a motor, a reduction system, a shift fork, an electromagnetic switch, and the aforementioned one-way device. This design can increase the length of the roller without increasing the overall length of the machine. When the starter motor is subjected to abnormally large impact forces, the one-way device will not be affected, which can reduce the failure rate of the starter motor due to slippage caused by one-way device failure, extend its service life, and reduce maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of starter technology, specifically relating to a one-way valve and a starter. Background Technology

[0002] The starter motor mainly consists of a motor, shift fork, one-way switch, reduction system, drive gear, and electromagnetic switch. The one-way switch includes a gear shaft, sleeve, slide, baffle, and cover. The gear shaft is installed inside the sleeve, and the slide is fitted on the outside of the sleeve. The inner side of the slide has a raceway, in which rollers, springs, and spring support blocks are installed. The function of the one-way switch is to prevent the flywheel from dragging the starter rotor at high speed after the engine starts, thereby protecting the internal components.

[0003] Starter motors originally used lead-acid batteries, but with advancements in battery technology, lithium batteries have been adopted. Because lithium batteries provide 30%–50% more current than lead-acid batteries under the same voltage conditions, the motor speed increases, requiring existing one-way actuators to withstand greater torque. However, traditional one-way actuator structures have technical drawbacks in lithium battery applications: under high torque, the traditional one-way actuator structure provides poor support stability for the sleeve and slide, and the contact stress between the sleeve and slide exceeds the material's allowable value, easily causing structural deformation. Simultaneously, the increased contact pressure between the rollers and the slide raceway accelerates wear inside the one-way actuator, especially on the slide. Under the impact loads of lithium battery operation, due to structural deformation and internal wear, the lifespan of existing one-way actuator structures is severely reduced. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a one-way device and starter motor that can increase the length of the roller without increasing the overall length of the machine, improve the support stability of the sleeve and slide, reduce the pressure between the contact surfaces of the roller, sleeve and slide, and when the starter motor is subjected to abnormally large impact force, the one-way device will not be affected, thereby reducing the failure rate of the starter motor due to slippage caused by one-way device failure.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A one-way device includes a gear shaft, a sleeve, and a slide. The sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the gear shaft, and the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a helical spline that mates with the outer wall of the gear shaft. The slide is fitted onto the outside of the sleeve, and the inner side of the slide is provided with a raceway. A boss is provided axially at the center of the slide. The rear end of the sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the boss to form a support structure. The outer circumferential surface of the boss and the tooth tip of the helical spline on the inner wall of the sleeve form the support surface of the support structure. The axial bottom surface of the raceway is lower than the axial end surface of the boss.

[0007] Furthermore, a spring, a spring support block, and a roller are installed radially inside the raceway, and the axial length of the roller is 10.5 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the axial end face of the inner side of the slide block, and a flange is provided on the axial end face of the rear end of the sleeve. The flange is located in the groove to form a recessed platform structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the groove is located on the radial outer side of the boss, the inner diameter of the flange is the same as that of the sleeve and the inner wall is provided with a spiral spline, and the outer diameter is smaller than that of the sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the boss is a smooth surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the boss has a ring structure, and a needle roller bearing is installed on the inner side of the boss.

[0012] Furthermore, the rear end of the slide is provided with an axially formed pin hole, which is a vent hole communicating with the raceway.

[0013] Furthermore, the hole connecting the pin hole and the raceway is a tapered hole that is narrower at the front and wider at the back.

[0014] Furthermore, a spring, a spring support block, and a roller are installed radially inside the raceway.

[0015] Furthermore, a baffle and a cover are fitted on the outer side of the sleeve. The baffle is located at the front end of the raceway, and the cover rivets the baffle to the outer wall of the slide.

[0016] A starter motor includes a motor, a reduction system, a shift fork, an electromagnetic switch, and the aforementioned one-way switch. The front end of the gear shaft is mounted in the drive end cover via a bearing, the front end of the sleeve is mounted in the middle cover of the reduction system via a bearing, and the rear end of the slide is fixed to the reduction system via a pin.

[0017] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] In the one-way device disclosed in this utility model, the rear end of the sleeve and the boss form a support structure. The support surface of this support structure is close to the gear shaft axis, which has extremely high support stability and can achieve radial limiting of the sleeve. It has better support capacity for the sleeve and slide when subjected to large impacts, solving the technical problem in the prior art that the sleeve and slide wobble relative to each other and the spring is damaged when the starter is subjected to large impact forces, resulting in slippage failure of the one-way device. At the same time, since the outer wall of the sleeve does not serve as a support surface, the axial contact area between the outer wall of the sleeve and the slide can be minimized. Therefore, without increasing the overall length of the device, the thickness between the raceway and the shaft pin hole can be reduced, and the length of the roller can be increased. After the roller is lengthened, the contact area between the roller, the sleeve, and the slide is increased, the pressure between the contact surfaces is reduced, the impact force concentration between the sleeve and the slide is reduced, the force is evenly distributed, and it is not easy to cause structural deformation and wear.

[0019] In this invention, the pin hole on the slide for mounting the pin is a vent hole. When the pin is press-fitted, the air inside the hole can flow freely, preventing compressed air from affecting the pin insertion depth. At the same time, lubricating grease can be injected into the slide through this hole during assembly, forming a self-lubricating structure and increasing the life of the one-way device.

[0020] When the starter motor of this invention is used in lithium battery operation, the one-way valve will not be affected when the starter motor is subjected to an abnormally large impact force. This can reduce the failure rate of the starter motor due to slippage caused by one-way valve failure, extend its service life, and reduce maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the one-way device of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of section A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the starter motor of this utility model;

[0024] In the diagram, 1-one-way valve, 11-gear shaft, 12-sleeve, 121-flange, 14-slide block, 141-bore, 142-groove, 143-raceway, 144-shaft pin, 145-shaft pin hole, 146-tapered hole, 15-baffle, 16-cover, 17-needle roller bearing, 2-motor, 3-reduction system, 31-middle cover, 32-bearing, 4-shift fork, 5-electromagnetic switch. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the textual part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that in the description of this application, for the accompanying drawings of the one-way valve 1 and the starter motor, "front" refers to the left side of the drawing and "rear" refers to the right side of the drawing.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a one-way device includes a gear shaft 11, a sleeve 12, and a slide 14. The sleeve 12 is fitted onto the outside of the gear shaft 11, and the inner wall of the sleeve 12 is provided with a helical spline that mates with the outer wall of the gear shaft 11. The slide 14 is fitted onto the outside of the sleeve 12, and the inner side of the slide 14 is provided with a raceway 143.

[0029] The main improvement of this application is that a boss 141 is provided in the central axis of the slide 14, and the rear end of the sleeve 12 is fitted onto the outside of the boss 141 to form a support structure. The outer circumferential surface of the boss 141 and the tooth tip of the helical spline on the inner wall of the sleeve 12 form the support surface of the support structure. This support surface is close to the axis of the gear shaft 11 and has extremely high support stability. When the gear shaft 11 is subjected to a large external impact force, this support structure can support the sleeve 12 and the slide 14, and achieve radial limiting of the sleeve 12.

[0030] In this design, the axial bottom surface of the raceway 143 is lower than the axial end surface of the boss 141. Since the outer wall of the sleeve 12 does not serve as a support surface, the axial contact area between the outer wall of the sleeve 12 and the slide 14 can be minimized. Therefore, without increasing the overall length of the machine, the thickness between the raceway 143 and the pin hole 145 can be reduced, and the length of the rollers can be increased. Increasing the length of the rollers increases the contact area between the rollers, sleeve 12, and slide 14, reducing the pressure between the contact surfaces and decreasing the impact force concentration between the sleeve 12 and slide 14. This results in more uniform stress distribution and reduces the likelihood of structural deformation and wear. This prevents deformation of the internal structure of the unidirectional converter under the impact load of lithium battery operation, extending the service life of the unidirectional converter.

[0031] Specifically, a spring, a spring support block, and a roller (not shown in the figure) are installed radially inside the raceway 143. Compared with the 8mm roller in the prior art, the axial length of the roller in this application is preferably 10.5mm. The roller of this length can better distribute the pressure received by the wall of the slide 14. According to calculations, it can reduce the stress of the sleeve 12 and the slide 14 as a whole by about 15%, thereby protecting the spring, the slide 14 and the sleeve 12, and improving the life of the one-way device 1.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, an annular groove 142 is formed on the axial end face of the inner side of the slide block 14, and a flange 121 is provided on the axial end face of the rear end of the sleeve 12. The flange 121 is located in the groove 142 to form a countersunk structure. This structure can realize the axial positioning of the sleeve 12.

[0033] Specifically, the groove 142 is located on the radial outer side of the boss 141. The inner diameter of the flange (121) is the same as that of the sleeve (12) and the inner wall is provided with a spiral spline. The outer diameter is smaller than that of the sleeve (12). The outer circumferential surface of the boss 141 is the small diameter surface of the groove 142. Since the roller of this application is lengthened, the axial length of the large diameter surface of the groove 142 is lower than the axial length of the small diameter surface of the groove 142, that is, the outer circumferential surface of the boss 141.

[0034] The outer circumferential surface of the boss 141 is smooth, which facilitates the mating of the rear end of the sleeve 12 with the boss 141. Specifically, the boss 141 has a ring structure, and a needle roller bearing 17 is installed on the inner side of the boss 141 for connecting the armature of the reduction system 3.

[0035] Another improvement of this application is that the rear end of the slide 14 is axially provided with a pin hole 145 for mounting the pin 144. The pin hole 145 is a vent hole communicating with the raceway 143. During the pin press-fitting, the air in the hole can flow freely, avoiding compressed air when the pin is inserted, which would affect the pin press-in depth. At the same time, lubricating grease can be injected into the slide 14 through this hole during assembly, forming a self-lubricating structure and increasing the life of the one-way valve 1.

[0036] The hole connecting the pin hole 145 and the raceway 143 is a tapered hole 146 that is narrow at the front and wide at the back, which is convenient for machining.

[0037] The structure of the one-way device 1 in this application also includes a baffle 15 and a cover 16 fitted on the outer side of the sleeve 12. The baffle 15 is located at the front end of the raceway 143, and the cover 16 rivets the baffle 15 to the outer wall of the slide block 14.

[0038] Example 2:

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, a starter motor includes a motor 2, a reduction system 3, a shift fork 5, an electromagnetic switch 5, and a one-way valve 1 as described in Embodiment 1 above. The front end of the gear shaft 11 is mounted in the drive end cover via a bearing, the front end of the sleeve 12 is mounted in the middle cover 31 of the reduction system 3 via a bearing 32, and the rear end of the slide 14 is fixed to the reduction system 3 via a pin 144. When the starter motor is subjected to an abnormally large impact force, the one-way valve 1 will not be affected, which can reduce the failure rate of the starter motor due to slippage caused by the failure of the one-way valve 1, extend its service life, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0040] The one-way actuator and starter of this utility model have a boss on the slide whose axial end face is higher than the bottom surface of the raceway. The outer circumferential surface of the boss and the tooth tip of the helical spline on the inner wall of the sleeve form a support surface of the support structure. This support surface is close to the gear shaft axis, which provides better support for the sleeve and slide when subjected to a large impact. At the same time, this application increases the length of the roller without increasing the overall length of the machine, which reduces the pressure between the roller, sleeve and slide contact surfaces, making it less prone to structural deformation and wear, and extending the service life of the starter.

[0041] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "setting", "installation", "connection", etc. should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0042] While specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, embodiments of this utility model. These are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of this utility model and without any inventive effort, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A one-way device, comprising a gear shaft (11), a sleeve (12), and a slide (14), wherein the sleeve (12) is fitted onto the outside of the gear shaft (11), the inner wall of the sleeve (12) is provided with a helical spline that mates with the outer wall of the gear shaft (11), the slide (14) is fitted onto the outside of the sleeve (12), and the inner side of the slide (14) is provided with a raceway (143), characterized in that, A boss (141) is provided in the central axis of the slide (14). The rear end of the sleeve (12) is fitted onto the outside of the boss (141) to form a support structure. The outer circumferential surface of the boss (141) and the tooth tip of the spiral spline on the inner wall of the sleeve (12) form the support surface of the support structure. The axial bottom surface of the raceway (143) is lower than the axial end surface of the boss (141).

2. The one-way device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spring, a spring support block and a roller are installed radially inside the raceway (143), and the axial length of the roller is 10.5 mm.

3. The one-way device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular groove (142) is provided on the axial end face of the inner side of the slide (14), and a flange (121) is provided on the axial end face of the rear end of the sleeve (12). The flange (121) is located in the groove (142) to form a recessed platform structure.

4. The one-way device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The groove (142) is located on the radial outer side of the boss (141), the inner diameter of the flange (121) is the same as that of the sleeve (12) and the inner wall is provided with a spiral spline, and the outer diameter is smaller than that of the sleeve (12).

5. The one-way device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the boss (141) is a smooth surface.

6. The one-way device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boss (141) is a ring structure, and a needle roller bearing (17) is installed on the inner side of the boss (141).

7. The one-way device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the slide (14) is provided with a pin hole (145) which is a vent hole connected to the raceway (143).

8. The one-way device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hole connecting the pin hole (145) and the raceway (143) is a tapered hole (146) that is narrow at the front and wide at the back.

9. The one-way device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the sleeve (12) is fitted with a baffle (15) and a cover (16). The baffle (15) is located at the front end of the raceway (143), and the cover (16) rivets the baffle (15) to the outer wall of the slide (14).

10. A starter motor, comprising a motor (2), a reduction system (3), a shift fork (4), and an electromagnetic switch (5), characterized in that, It also includes the one-way device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the front end of the gear shaft (11) is installed in the drive end cover by bearing, the front end of the sleeve (12) is installed in the middle cover (31) of the deceleration system (3) by bearing (32), and the rear end of the slide (14) is fixed to the deceleration system (3) by a shaft pin (144).

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