Fast response magneto-rheological damper

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick response magnetorheological damper, including inner tube and outer tube, and outer tube contains inner tube, be equipped with a plurality of coil installation slot on the outer wall of inner tube, be equipped with square coil or rectangle coil in coil installation slot, and square coil or rectangle coil is connected external controller through control line, and control line is led out through outer tube and is connected with external power supply, the inside of inner tube is equipped with piston subassembly, and inner tube fills magnetorheological fluid, and be equipped with a plurality of the damping passage of through piston on piston subassembly, and the both ends of damping passage are equipped with the check valve piece of one -way opening and closing respectively, the open -and -close of the both ends of inner tube upper and lower two ends cylinder side are set up respectively, as the open -and -close of the open -and -close of magnetorheological fluid return channel, and the clearance between inner tube and outer tube is left, as the return channel of magnetorheological fluid, and the upper and lower openings of return channel and inner tube intercommunication. Square coil or rectangle coil can utilize piston internal space more efficiently, realize more turns under same volume, to strengthen magnetic field intensity and uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vibration dampers, and in particular to magnetorheological vibration dampers with a double-cylinder structure and coils with special cross-sectional shapes and arrangements. Background Technology

[0002] To further improve the performance of magnetorheological dampers, the structural design and arrangement of the coils have received widespread attention. Traditional magnetorheological dampers often use cylindrical coils. Under the influence of a magnetic field, the ferromagnetic particles inside the magnetorheological fluid are magnetized. The uneven magnetic field strength generated by the cylindrical coil leads to varying degrees of magnetization in the magnetorheological fluid, resulting in an uneven distribution of the magnetic field in the magnetic circuit gap (i.e., the return channel). Typically, the magnetic field is weaker in the middle and stronger near the edges of the core and outer shell. This leads to uneven stiffness distribution of the magnetorheological fluid within the return channel, affecting the optimization and precise control of the damper's performance. To address this issue, current research is gradually introducing coils with square or rectangular cross-sections. These coils can make fuller use of the piston's internal space, achieving more turns in the same volume, thereby enhancing the magnetic field strength and uniformity. Square-section coils have better fit with the pole head and magnetic circuit components, helping to reduce magnetic leakage and improve magnetic energy utilization. Longer, strip-shaped coils are easier to form a more uniform and continuous magnetic field distribution in the damping channel direction, improving the linearity and response consistency of damping force control. Furthermore, square or rectangular coil structures typically have a larger heat dissipation area, which helps stabilize the coil's operating temperature and supports continuous high-current excitation, thus enabling faster response and stronger damping adjustment capabilities. Optimizing the coil design has become one of the important technical approaches to improving the overall performance of magnetorheological dampers. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a novel coil shape and arrangement for rapid adjustment of magnetorheological dampers. By replacing cylindrical coils with square or rectangular coils, within the same groove cross-sectional area, square or rectangular coils can fill the space more tightly, reducing the inherent gaps of circular coils and potentially improving space utilization and winding volume. Under the same current, more coil turns can generate a stronger magnetic field. Replacing circular coils with square coils creates a more uniform and longer magnetic field region along the damping channel, ensuring sufficient and consistent magnetization of the magnetorheological fluid as it flows through the entire piston. This helps reduce weak magnetic field areas and improves the linearity and control precision of the damping force. The flat surface of the square-section coil better fits the planar portion of the yoke, reducing ineffective air gaps and allowing magnetic lines of force to pass through the magnetorheological fluid working gap more concentratedly and efficiently, reducing magnetic leakage and thus improving magnetic energy utilization efficiency. The flat surface of the square-section coil provides a larger contact area, resulting in better mechanical stability and resistance to impact and vibration compared to cylindrical coils. It is also less likely to loosen within the coil groove.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: The fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, with the outer cylinder containing the inner cylinder. The outer wall of the inner cylinder is provided with several coil mounting slots, and square or rectangular coils are provided in the coil mounting slots. The square or rectangular coils are connected to an external controller through control lines. The control lines are led out through the outer cylinder and connected to an external power source. The inner cylinder is equipped with a piston assembly, and the inner cylinder is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The piston assembly is provided with several damping channels that penetrate the piston, and one-way valve plates that open and close in one direction are provided at both ends of the damping channels. The inner cylinder has openings on its cylindrical sides at both ends, which serve as openings for the magnetorheological fluid return channel. A gap is left between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, which serves as the return channel for the magnetorheological fluid. The return channel is connected to the upper and lower openings of the inner cylinder.

[0005] Further technology of this utility model: Preferably, the piston assembly includes an asymmetric piston body and a piston rod fixedly connected to the piston body. One end of the piston body and the piston rod are fixedly connected, and an opening is provided at the top of the inner cylinder to allow the piston rod to move freely.

[0006] Preferably, the upper part of the outer cylinder is provided with a guide bushing that supports and guides the piston rod. The guide bushing is fixedly connected to the upper connector. The lower part of the outer cylinder is provided with a lower connector. The inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are fixed together by the upper connector and the lower connector.

[0007] Preferably, the piston body is provided with an elastic reset guide mechanism at each of the two one-way valve plates, which closes the valve plates in a static state and restricts the rotation of the one-way valve plates. The elastic reset guide mechanism at each of the two one-way valve plates has a valve plate opening and closing space that allows the one-way valve plates to open and close.

[0008] Preferably, the damping channels are evenly distributed around the piston rod.

[0009] Preferably, the other end of the piston rod extends outside the inner cylinder of the shock absorber, and a piston rod sealing assembly is installed at the upper opening of the inner cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the damping channel and the magnetorheological fluid return channel are both filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the magnetorheological fluid circulates through the damping channel inside the piston and the return channel between the two cylinders.

[0011] Preferably, a floating piston is provided at the end of the inner cylinder away from the piston assembly, and the opening of the magnetorheological fluid reflux channel on the lower wall of the inner cylinder is located above the floating piston.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention can effectively improve the stiffness of the suspension during the compression stroke and increase the damping force during the extension stroke by cooperating with the one-way valve plates at both ends of the damping channel on the piston assembly and the energized coil in the groove on the outer side of the inner cylinder. By controlling the current through the coil, the stiffness and damping force of the magnetorheological damper during the compression and extension strokes can be flexibly adjusted, thereby improving the ride smoothness of the vehicle on bumpy roads.

[0013] The fast-response magnetorheological damper of this invention adopts a double-cylinder layout, which can transfer the coil originally wrapped in the piston groove to the groove on the outside of the inner cylinder. This reduces the required volume of the piston. In magnetorheological dampers with the same external dimensions, the stroke of the damper is increased due to the reduction in the axial dimension of the piston, which can better adapt to various complex road conditions.

[0014] Compared to traditional cylindrical coils, using square or rectangular coils can significantly improve the overall performance of magnetorheological dampers. Square coils can utilize the internal space of the piston more efficiently, achieving more turns in the same volume, thus enhancing magnetic field strength and uniformity. Their flat surface fits more closely with the magnetic circuit pole head, helping to reduce magnetic leakage and improve magnetic energy utilization efficiency. The coils also facilitate the formation of a continuous and uniform magnetic field distribution along the damping channel direction, improving the linearity and response consistency of damping force control. Furthermore, both coil structures have a larger heat dissipation area, which is beneficial for stabilizing operating temperature and supporting continuous or transient high-current operation, providing a structural basis for improving the damper's response speed and control capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a utility model fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of an asymmetric piston in a practical magnetorheological damper.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the coil arrangement of a square-section groove on the outer side of the inner cylinder of a utility model fast-response magnetorheological damper.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing one arrangement of coils arranged in a single row laterally within a rectangular cross-section in the groove on the outer side of the inner cylinder of a utility model fast-response magnetorheological damper.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing another arrangement of coils with a rectangular cross-section in the groove on the outer side of the inner cylinder of a utility model fast-response magnetorheological damper, arranged in two rows laterally.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing another arrangement of coils with a rectangular cross-section in the groove on the outer side of the inner cylinder of a utility model fast-response magnetorheological damper, arranged in two rows longitudinally.

[0022] The following components are labeled in the diagram: 1 Inner cylinder, 2 Outer cylinder, 3 Piston assembly, 4 Piston rod, 5 Return channel, 6 Upper connector, 7 Lower connector, 8 Piston body, 9 Upper connecting ring, 10 Damping channel, 11 One-way valve plate, 12 Elastic reset guide mechanism, 13 Coil mounting groove, 14 Lower connecting ring, 15 Guide bushing, 16 Floating piston, 18 Square coil, 19 Rectangular coil. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0024] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1The fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper structure provided in this embodiment includes an inner cylinder 1 and an outer cylinder 2. The bottom of the outer cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the lower connecting ring 14. A guide bushing 15 is provided on the upper part of the inner cylinder 2 to support and guide the piston rod 4. The guide bushing 15 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting member 6. A lower connecting member 7 is provided on the lower part of the inner cylinder 2. The inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2 are fixed by the upper connecting member 6 and the lower connecting member 7.

[0025] The inner cylinder 1 is equipped with a piston assembly 3 and filled with magnetorheological fluid. The outer wall of the inner cylinder 1 is provided with several coil mounting slots 13, and square coils 18 are installed in the coil mounting slots 13. The coils are connected to an external controller through control lines. The control lines are led out through the outer cylinder 2 and connected to an external power source. The piston assembly 3 is provided with several damping channels 10 that penetrate the piston. The damping channels 10 are evenly distributed around the piston rod 4. One-way valve plates 11 that open and close in one direction are provided at both ends of the damping channels 10. The inner cylinder 1 has openings on its cylindrical sides at both ends, which serve as openings for the magnetorheological fluid return channel 5. A gap is left between the inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 2, which serves as the magnetorheological fluid return channel 5. The return channel 5 is connected to the upper and lower openings of the inner cylinder 1.

[0026] The piston assembly 3 includes an asymmetric piston body 8 and a piston rod 4 fixedly connected to the piston body 8. One end of the piston body 8 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 4, and an opening is provided at the top of the inner cylinder 1 to allow the piston rod 4 to move freely. A piston rod 4 sealing assembly is installed at the upper opening of the inner cylinder 1. The other end of the piston rod 4 extends out of the inner cylinder 1 of the shock absorber and is fixedly connected to the upper connecting ring 9. The twin-tube shock absorber is fixed by the upper piston ring and the lower piston ring.

[0027] The piston body 8 is provided with several damping channels 10 that penetrate the piston. The damping channels 10 and the magnetorheological fluid return channel 5 are both filled with magnetorheological fluid. The magnetorheological fluid circulates through the damping channels 10 inside the piston and the return channel 5 between the two cylinders.

[0028] This novel magnetorheological damper employs a double-cylinder layout, expanding the original single-type magnetorheological fluid damping channel within the piston assembly into two types. One type is a magnetorheological fluid return channel located between the inner and outer cylinders, connecting the upper and lower reservoirs through openings at both ends of the inner cylinder. This channel has a larger flow rate than the damping channel inside the piston, and the magnetorheological fluid flowing through this return channel is influenced by the magnetic field generated by the coil located in the groove on the outer side of the inner cylinder. The other type is a damping channel located within the piston assembly, with asymmetrical one-way valves installed at both ends. The plate allows for asymmetrical adjustment of the damping force and stiffness during compression and extension strokes. Because the flow path of the magnetorheological fluid is increased, and the flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid through the return channel is greater than that through the piston assembly, when the coil is not energized, there is no magnetic field affecting the magnetorheological fluid. At this time, the magnetorheological fluid can flow smoothly in the upper and lower reservoirs, and the passive damping force can be minimized. This effectively solves the problem in the current magnetorheological vibration damper structural design where the increase in the maximum damping force of the magnetorheological fluid leads to an increase in the minimum damping force.

[0029] A floating piston 16 is provided at the end of the inner cylinder 1 away from the piston body 8, and the opening of the magnetorheological fluid return channel 5 on the lower wall of the inner cylinder 1 is located above the floating piston 16. The piston assembly 3 is located above the floating piston 16, and there is a certain space between the piston assembly 3 and the floating piston 16. The outer wall of the floating piston 16 and the inner wall of the inner cylinder are slidably sealed, which can separate the magnetorheological fluid above from the inert gas below.

[0030] An upper liquid storage chamber is formed above the piston assembly 3, and a lower liquid storage chamber is formed between the piston assembly 3 and the floating piston 16. A compensation gas chamber is formed below the floating piston 16, and the compensation gas chamber is filled with high-pressure inert gas. Magnetorheological fluid is filled in both the upper and lower liquid storage chambers. The magnetorheological fluid in the upper and lower liquid storage chambers is connected to the return channel 5 between the inner and outer cylinders 2 through the opening of the inner cylinder 1. A square coil 18 is installed in the coil mounting slot 13 of the inner cylinder 1. Figure 3 It should be noted that in this embodiment, the side length of the square coil 18 is r. The single coil mounting slot 13 contains a 6-turn square coil 18. Its main function is that when the magnetorheological damper is in compression or tension stroke, a portion of the magnetorheological fluid flows back from the magnetorheological fluid return channel between the inner and outer cylinders to the upper or lower storage chamber. At this time, energizing the square coil 18 generates a magnetic field, magnetizing the ferromagnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid. This increases the resistance of the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the return channel. By controlling the current, the damping and stiffness of the magnetorheological damper can be changed. A square-section coil can accommodate more turns within the same volume of space, achieving the same magnetic field strength as a cylindrical coil of the same size with less current.

[0031] like Figure 2The piston body 8 is provided with several damping channels 10 that penetrate the piston. One-way valve plates 11 that open and close in one direction are provided at both ends of the damping channels 10. The piston body 8 is provided with elastic reset guide mechanisms 12 at the two one-way valve plates 11, which close the valve plates in a static state and can restrict the rotation of the one-way valve plates 11. The elastic reset guide mechanisms 12 at the two one-way valve plates 11 are provided with valve plate opening and closing space that allows the one-way valve plates 11 to open and close. The one-way valve plate 11 is equipped with a limit block, which allows the valve plate to open in one direction only. When the damper piston moves downward during the compression stroke, the oil in the lower reservoir can return to the upper reservoir through the magnetorheological fluid return channel 5 between the inner and outer cylinders 2. This energizes the square coil 18 in the coil mounting groove 13 on the outer side of the inner cylinder 1 to generate a magnetic field, which slows down the return speed of the magnetorheological fluid and increases the pressure of the magnetorheological fluid in the lower reservoir. When the pressure reaches a certain level, it overcomes the resistance of the elastic deformation element installed between the piston body 8 and the one-way valve plate 11, opening the one-way valve plate 11 upward. The magnetorheological fluid in the lower reservoir can then reach the upper reservoir from the damping channel 10 in the piston, which can increase the stiffness of the magnetorheological damper during the compression stroke.

[0032] When the damper piston extends upwards, the pressure of the magnetorheological fluid in the upper reservoir increases, pressing the one-way valve 11 tightly against the limiting block of the piston body 8. With the one-way valve 11 closed, the magnetorheological fluid cannot return to the lower reservoir through the damping channel 10 inside the piston. The fluid in the upper reservoir can only return to the lower reservoir through the return channel 5 between the inner and outer cylinders 2. The magnetorheological fluid flowing through the return channel 5 is affected by the magnetic field generated by the energized square coil 18, causing the magnetorheological suspension to extend slowly. This asymmetric damping characteristic significantly improves the problem of increasing both the maximum and minimum damping forces of the damper while simultaneously increasing the maximum damping force. When the magnetorheological damper is in a passive state, the square coil 18 is not energized and has no effect on the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the return channel 5. This allows the magnetorheological fluid to flow freely between the upper and lower reservoirs in the passive state, minimizing the passive damping force.

[0033] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 4 The fast-response magnetorheological damper structure provided in this embodiment differs from that in Embodiment 1 in that the square coil is replaced with a rectangular coil. The remaining structure and principle are the same as in Embodiment 1. The length of the rectangular coil is the same as the width of the coil mounting groove 13, which is L. The width of the rectangle is r, allowing the coil to generate a more uniform axial magnetic field. This means that the magnetorheological fluid is magnetized almost simultaneously as it flows through the entire piston, avoiding the problem of asynchronous damping force establishment caused by uneven magnetic field.

[0034] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 5The fast-response magnetorheological damper structure provided in this embodiment differs from that in embodiment 2 in that the length of the rectangular coil is 0.5L, the width of the rectangle is r, and the coil mounting slot 13 can accommodate more turns. The rest of the structure and principle of this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 2.

[0035] Example 4: Please refer to Figure 6 The fast-response magnetorheological damper structure provided in this embodiment differs from that in embodiment 2 in that the length of the rectangular coil is r, the width of the rectangle is 0.5L, and the coil mounting slot 13 can accommodate more turns. The rest of the structure and principle of this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 2.

[0036] In this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the utility model or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper, characterized in that, It includes an inner cylinder (1) and an outer cylinder (2), with the outer cylinder (2) containing the inner cylinder (1); The outer wall of the inner cylinder (1) is provided with several coil mounting slots (13). The coil mounting slots (13) are provided with square coils or rectangular coils. The square coils or rectangular coils are connected to an external controller through control lines. The control lines are led out through the outer cylinder (2) and connected to an external power source. The inner cylinder (1) is provided with a piston assembly (3), the inner cylinder (1) is filled with magnetorheological fluid, the piston assembly (3) is provided with a number of damping channels (10) that penetrate the piston, and one-way valve plates (11) that open and close in one direction are provided at both ends of the damping channels (10). The inner cylinder (1) has openings on the cylindrical sides at both ends, which serve as openings for the magnetorheological fluid return channel (5). There is a gap between the inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2), which serves as the return channel (5) for the magnetorheological fluid. The return channel (5) is connected to the upper and lower openings of the inner cylinder.

2. The fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston assembly (3) includes an asymmetric piston body (8) and a piston rod (4) fixedly connected to the piston body (8). One end of the piston body (8) is fixedly connected to the piston rod (4), and the top of the inner cylinder (1) has an opening that allows the piston rod (4) to move freely.

3. The fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (2) has a guide bushing (15) at the top inside, which supports and guides the piston rod (4). The guide bushing (15) is fixedly connected to the upper connector (6). The lower part of the outer cylinder (2) has a lower connector (7) at the bottom inside. The inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2) are fixed through the upper connector (6) and the lower connector (7).

4. The fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston body (8) is provided with an elastic reset guide mechanism (12) at the two one-way valve plates (11) in a static state to close the valve plates and restrict the rotation of the one-way valve plates (11), and the elastic reset guide mechanism (12) at the two one-way valve plates (11) has a valve plate opening and closing space that allows the one-way valve plates (11) to open and close.

5. The fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The damping channels (10) are evenly distributed around the piston rod (4).

6. The fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other end of the piston rod (4) extends out of the inner cylinder (1) of the shock absorber, and a piston rod sealing assembly is installed at the upper opening of the inner cylinder (1).

7. The fast-response magnetorheological vibration damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping channel (10) and the magnetorheological fluid return channel (5) are both filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the magnetorheological fluid circulates through the damping channel (10) inside the piston and the return channel (5) between the two cylinders.

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