Shift mechanism and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of gear shift mechanism and vehicle, gear shift mechanism includes: motor assembly, motor assembly includes stator assembly and rotor assembly, rotor assembly has rotor shaft, and rotor shaft defines first axis;Actuator, actuator includes: first gear, the axis of first gear coincides with first axis and first gear is directly connected with rotor shaft;Second gear, second gear is directly engaged with first gear and second gear has second axis;Worm, the axis of worm coincides with second axis, and second axis is parallel with first axis;Third gear, third gear is directly engaged with worm and third gear has third axis;Output shaft, the axis of output shaft coincides with third axis, and third axis is perpendicular to first axis.The utility model can effectively expand speed ratio range, and reduce the volume of entire gear shift mechanism from overall, reduce space occupation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vehicle technology, specifically relating to a gear shifting mechanism and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Actuators have a wide range of applications. As a typical application, in automobile transmissions, a shift mechanism is set up to switch between different gears. The shift mechanism uses an actuator to drive the shift fork, which in turn moves corresponding components such as synchronizer sleeves, thereby connecting the corresponding gears to the shaft, thus realizing the gear shifting operation.

[0003] Known gear shifting mechanisms include electric and hydraulic mechanisms. Electric gear shifting mechanisms use an electric motor as a power source, converting the motor's rotational motion into linear motion, which drives the shift fork to switch gears. Due to the characteristics of motor control and mechanical transmission, this device features fast response and high control precision, and is commonly used in pure electric vehicles and some automatic transmissions. Hydraulic gear shifting mechanisms utilize an electric oil pump to generate pressurized oil, which, through a hydraulic system, drives a piston, thereby moving the shift fork. Hydraulic gear shifting mechanisms offer advantages such as smooth power transmission and high output torque, and are widely used in passenger cars, commercial vehicles, and are also suitable for some special-purpose vehicles such as tractors.

[0004] With the development of vehicles, the requirements for the integration, unibody design, and lightweighting of transmissions are becoming increasingly stringent. As one of the most important components of a transmission, the shifting mechanism also needs to achieve lightweighting, compactness, and low cost while meeting the required shifting force. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a shifting mechanism solution with a large speed ratio, low cost and more compact structure, so as to solve the problems of small speed ratio, insufficient torque transmission, high cost and large space occupation of existing actuators.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention proposes the following solution.

[0007] A gear shifting mechanism, comprising: A motor assembly, the motor assembly including a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, the rotor assembly having a rotor shaft defining a first axis; The executing mechanism includes: - A first gear, the axis of which coincides with the first axis and the first gear is directly connected to the rotor shaft; - A second gear, which directly meshes with the first gear and has a second axis; - A worm gear, wherein the axis of the worm gear coincides with the second axis, and the second axis is parallel to the first axis; - A third gear, which directly meshes with the worm and has a third axis; - An output shaft, the axis of which coincides with the third axis, which is perpendicular to the first axis.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, the output shaft is provided with teeth that mesh with a rack, and the rack is directly connected to a shift fork.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, the third gear is provided with an internal thread in its radial interior, the output shaft is provided with a corresponding external thread, and the output shaft is provided with a shift fork.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present invention, the stator assembly includes a stator body and a stator winding. The stator body is composed of a plurality of stator laminations and has a yoke and teeth. The teeth form slots between them, and the stator winding is partially located in the slots.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, a first end cover is provided, which is disposed between the motor assembly and the actuator.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first end cap has a plate-shaped base, on which a first support hole and a second support hole are provided. The first support hole provides support for the support bearing of the rotor shaft, and one end of the first gear is supported in the first support hole.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, one end of the first gear is supported in the first support hole by a bearing or a copper sleeve.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the actuator has a housing, and the other end of the first gear is supported on the housing by a support member; One end of the shaft containing the second gear and the worm is supported by the second support hole of the first end cover, and the other end is supported by the housing.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, a third end cover is provided, the third end cover and the housing forming a receiving space, and the output shaft is supported on the third end cover.

[0016] This utility model also proposes a vehicle including a transmission with at least two gears, the transmission having the aforementioned shifting mechanism.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this utility model adopts a two-stage transmission mechanism, which can effectively expand the speed ratio range. Furthermore, by using the cylindrical gear pair as the first stage of transmission and the worm gear pair as the second stage, the diameter of the worm gear can overlap more with the outline of the motor, thus reducing the overall volume of the shifting mechanism and minimizing space occupation.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 A perspective view of the shifting mechanism of this utility model is shown; Figure 2 An exploded view of the shifting mechanism of this utility model is shown; Figure 3 A perspective view of the shifting mechanism of this utility model is shown, wherein the housing of the actuator has been removed. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] It should be noted that many specific details are set forth in the following description to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand and implement the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that implementations of the present invention may not include some of these specific details. Furthermore, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Rather, the present invention can be conceived to be implemented with any combination of the features and elements described below, regardless of whether they relate to different embodiments. Therefore, the following aspects, features, embodiments, and advantages are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as features or limitations of the claims unless expressly set forth in the claims.

[0022] Furthermore, for clarity, the descriptions of orientation used in the following description, such as "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "radial," and "axial," are not intended to limit the technical solution of the utility model unless explicitly stated otherwise. Additionally, terms such as "first" and "second" are used below to describe elements of this application; these terms are only used to distinguish individual elements and are not intended to limit the structure, shape, sequence, or order of these elements.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown in the perspective view of the shifting mechanism, the shifting mechanism includes a motor assembly 1 and an actuator 2. The two can be connected as a whole by connecting parts, such as flanges provided on their respective end caps, and by means of detachable connectors such as bolts.

[0024] Further integration Figure 2 The motor assembly 1 includes a stator assembly and a rotor assembly disposed within a housing, and a motor controller disposed outside the housing. As a feasible implementation, the motor can be a brushless DC motor, thus the stator assembly includes a stator body and stator windings. The stator body can be formed by stacking multiple silicon steel sheets, and the stator body can include teeth and a yoke, with slots formed between the teeth. The stator windings can be partially disposed within the slots. The stator windings are connected to the motor controller to obtain the required voltage and current to generate a corresponding magnetic field in the stator body. The rotor assembly includes permanent magnets and a rotor shaft, which is connected to the actuator 2 to output the rotational power of the motor. Of course, other types of motors can also be used, as long as they meet the usage requirements.

[0025] The actuator 2 includes a housing 4, within which various transmission components are housed. Specifically, the transmission components include a first gear 5, a second gear 6, a worm gear 7, a third gear 8, and an output shaft 9. The first gear 5 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor. The motor's output shaft may have a splined connection or a connection structure in the form of a flat opening, and the hub of the first gear 5 has a corresponding connection structure, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first gear 5 and the motor's output shaft.

[0026] The first gear 5 directly meshes with the second gear 6. A worm gear 7 is coaxially and fixedly mounted with the second gear 6. The worm gear 7 then directly meshes with the third gear 8. The third gear 8 can be in the form of a worm wheel or a helical gear. The third gear 8 can be integrally formed with the output shaft 9, or fixedly connected by means such as splines or flat joints. Figure 3 An assembly diagram of the shifting mechanism of this utility model after removing the housing is shown, from which the meshing relationship between the various transmission components of the actuator can be clearly seen.

[0027] As shown above, the first gear 5 and the second gear 6 form the first stage of transmission, which enables the first change in speed ratio; the worm gear 7 and the third gear 8 form the second stage of transmission, which enables the second change in speed ratio. Through these two changes in speed ratio, the actuator can be adapted to drive motors with a wider speed range.

[0028] The motor's output shaft defines a first axis L1, and the rotation axis of the first gear 5 coincides with the first axis L1. The worm gear 7 defines a second axis L2, which is also the rotation axis of the second gear 6. The first axis L1 and the second axis L2 coincide. The output shaft 9 defines a third axis L3, which is also the rotation axis of the third gear 8. The third axis L3 is perpendicular to the first axis L1 and the second axis L2, and may or may not intersect the first axis L1. This arrangement ensures that the motor's output axis is perpendicular to the output shaft 9 of the actuator 2, allowing for more flexible motor placement.

[0029] The output shaft 9 can be integrally formed with an output gear, which is connected to a rack and pinion drive. The rack and pinion can be fixedly connected to a shift fork, thereby converting the rotational motion of the motor into the linear motion of the shift fork, thus realizing gear shifting.

[0030] As another feasible implementation, an internal thread can be provided inside the third gear 8, and a matching external thread can be provided outside the output shaft 9. Thus, when the third gear 8 rotates, the output shaft 9 can perform reciprocating linear motion through the threaded connection, thereby driving the shift fork connected to it to move. Alternatively, an internal thread can be provided on the shift fork, and an external thread can be provided on the output shaft 9, thereby converting the rotational motion of the output shaft 9 into the reciprocating linear motion of the shift fork.

[0031] In order to achieve the installation of various components within the actuator, such as Figure 2 As shown, the shifting mechanism also includes a first end cover 3. The first end cover 3 is disposed between the motor assembly 1 and the actuator 2. The first end cover 3 has a plate-shaped base, on which a first support hole and a second support hole are provided. Optionally, the first support hole provides support for the support bearing of the motor output shaft. Alternatively, the motor output shaft passes through the first support hole. One end of the first gear 5 can be supported on the corresponding part of the first support hole by a support member, and the other end can be supported on the corresponding part of the housing 4 by a support member. The support member can be a rolling bearing or a structure such as a copper sleeve.

[0032] One end of the shaft containing the second gear 6 and the worm 7 is supported in the second support hole of the first end cover 3 by bearings and other support components. The other end of the shaft containing the worm 7 is supported on the support structure of the housing 4 by bearings and other support components.

[0033] The actuator 2 has a second end cover 10. The second end cover 10 provides support for the output shaft 9 and cooperates with the housing 4 to house the various transmission components and form a closed space, thereby preventing external impurities such as dust and water from entering the interior of the actuator 2. The second end cover 10 can be detachably connected to the housing 4 via threaded fasteners or the like.

[0034] from Figure 3 It can be clearly seen from the structure of this utility model that, according to the structure of this utility model, the gear pair formed by the two cylindrical gears, namely the first gear 5 and the second gear 6, is set as the first stage of transmission, and the worm gear pair formed by the worm 7 and the third gear 8 is set as the second stage of transmission. This method, compared with the method of setting the worm gear pair as the first stage of transmission and the cylindrical gear pair as the second stage of transmission, is because... Figure 3 In this configuration, the motor is positioned closer to the third gear 8, allowing for greater alignment between the contour of the third gear 8 and the motor's contour, thus reducing the overall size of the shifting mechanism. Specifically, in Figure 3 The dimensions of the third gear 8 in the diameter direction are shown by two line segments. It can be seen that the diameter of the third gear 8 can overlap with the outline of the motor to a greater extent. If the motor is directly connected to the worm 7, the overlap between the diameter of the third gear 8 and the outline of the motor will be reduced because the axis of the motor, i.e., the first axis L1, will coincide with the axis of the worm 7 and the second axis L2. Therefore, the outline of the entire shifting mechanism will be larger.

[0035] The foregoing description is merely an exemplary embodiment relating to the spirit and principles of this utility model. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes can be made to the described examples without departing from the spirit and principles, and these changes, and their various equivalents, are contemplated by this utility model and fall within the scope defined by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A gear shifting mechanism, characterized in that, include: Motor assembly (1), the motor assembly including stator assembly and rotor assembly, the rotor assembly having a rotor shaft defining a first axis (L1). Execution mechanism (2), the execution mechanism comprising: - First gear (5), the axis of the first gear coincides with the first axis (L1) and the first gear is directly connected to the rotor shaft; - Second gear (6), which directly meshes with the first gear (5) and has a second axis (L2); - Worm (7), the axis of the worm coincides with the second axis (L2), and the second axis (L2) is parallel to the first axis (L1); - Third gear (8), which directly meshes with the worm (7) and has a third axis (L3); - Output shaft (9), the axis of which coincides with the third axis (L3), which is perpendicular to the first axis (L1).

2. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft (9) is provided with teeth, which mesh with a rack, and the rack is directly connected to the shift fork.

3. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third gear (8) has an internal thread in its radial interior, the output shaft (9) has a corresponding external thread, and the output shaft has a shift fork.

4. The shifting mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The stator assembly includes a stator body and a stator winding. The stator body is composed of multiple stator laminations and has a yoke and teeth. The teeth form slots between them, and the stator winding is partially located in the slots.

5. The shifting mechanism according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A first end cap (3) is provided, which is disposed between the motor assembly (1) and the actuator (2).

6. The shifting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first end cap (3) has a plate-shaped base, on which a first support hole and a second support hole are provided. The first support hole provides support for the support bearing of the rotor shaft, and one end of the first gear (5) is supported in the first support hole.

7. The shifting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the first gear (5) is supported in the first support hole by a bearing or a copper sleeve.

8. The shifting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The actuator (2) has a housing (4), and the other end of the first gear (5) is supported on the housing by a support member; One end of the shaft where the second gear (6) and the worm (7) are located is supported by the second support hole of the first end cover (3), and the other end is supported by the housing (4).

9. The shifting mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: A third end cap (10) is provided, which forms a receiving space with the housing (4), and the output shaft (9) is supported on the third end cap (10).

10. A vehicle comprising a transmission having at least two gears, characterized in that, The transmission has a shifting mechanism according to any one of claims 1-9.

Images