Liquid hydrogen system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of liquid hydrogen system and vehicle, liquid hydrogen system includes: hydrogen storage bottle, hydrogen storage bottle has first opening and second opening;Vaporizer, the inlet end of vaporizer is communicated with first opening;Buffer tank, the inlet end of buffer tank is communicated with the outlet end of vaporizer, the outlet end of buffer tank alternatively with second opening and fuel cell stack is communicated;Pressure-increasing part and heating part, pressure-increasing part is located in hydrogen storage bottle and two ends are communicated with the outlet end of vaporizer and the inlet end of heating part respectively, the outlet end of heating part is communicated with fuel cell stack.Liquid hydrogen system according to the utility model embodiment, can satisfy the requirement of hydrogen storage bottle liquid out hydrogen after filling of liquid hydrogen system is completed, to accelerate the start speed of fuel cell stack, user use experience is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a liquid hydrogen system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, as a truly "zero-emission, pollution-free" mode of transportation, represent one of the main development directions for future new energy clean energy vehicles. To date, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles typically use high-pressure gaseous hydrogen. However, due to the low volumetric energy density of high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, its use as a fuel source suffers from drawbacks such as short driving range and large storage space requirements, making it unsuitable for heavy-duty vehicles. In contrast, liquid hydrogen, with its significantly higher volume and density than gaseous hydrogen, is far more suitable as a fuel source for heavy-duty vehicles.

[0003] In related technologies, liquid hydrogen is added to the liquid hydrogen system through a hydrogen refueling station, which then supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell stack to start the fuel cell stack. However, the fuel cell stack starts up slowly, resulting in a poor user experience. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this invention is to provide a liquid hydrogen system that can accelerate the start-up speed of fuel cell stacks and provide a better user experience.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a vehicle having the aforementioned liquid hydrogen system.

[0006] A liquid hydrogen system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a hydrogen storage cylinder having a first opening and a second opening; a vaporizer having an inlet end connected to the first opening; a buffer tank having an inlet end connected to an outlet end of the vaporizer, and the outlet end of the buffer tank being selectively connected to the second opening and a fuel cell stack; a pressurizing component and a heating component, the pressurizing component being located inside the hydrogen storage cylinder and having its two ends connected to the outlet end of the vaporizer and the inlet end of the heating component, respectively, and the outlet end of the heating component being connected to the fuel cell stack.

[0007] According to the liquid hydrogen system of this utility model embodiment, by selectively connecting the outlet end of the buffer tank to the second opening and the fuel cell stack, the requirement of liquid hydrogen supply from the hydrogen storage tank can be met immediately after the liquid hydrogen system is filled, so that the fuel cell stack can be started up and run quickly after the liquid hydrogen system is filled, shortening the waiting time for the fuel cell stack to start up, accelerating the start-up speed of the fuel cell stack, and providing a better user experience.

[0008] In addition, the liquid hydrogen system according to the above embodiments of this utility model may also have the following additional technical features: According to some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid hydrogen system has a first pipeline and a second pipeline. The first pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the buffer tank and the second opening. The first pipeline is provided with a first control valve, which is adapted to control the opening and closing of the first pipeline. The second pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the buffer tank and the fuel cell stack. The second pipeline is provided with a second control valve, which is adapted to control the opening and closing of the second pipeline.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid hydrogen system has a third pipeline and a venting pipeline. The third pipeline connects the outlet end of the heating element and the inlet end of the buffer tank. The inlet end of the venting pipeline is connected to the second pipeline. The connection between the venting pipeline and the second pipeline is located between the second control valve and the fuel cell stack. The venting pipeline is provided with a fifth control valve, which is adapted to control the on / off state of the venting pipeline.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a fourth pipeline is provided, the fourth pipeline connecting the second pipeline and the outlet end of the heating element, the fourth pipeline is provided with a fourth control valve, the fourth control valve being adapted to control the on / off state of the fourth pipeline, the outlet end of the fourth pipeline being connected to the second pipeline, the connection point of the fourth pipeline and the second pipeline being located between the second control valve and the fuel cell stack, and a third pipeline is provided with a third control valve, the third control valve being adapted to control the on / off state of the third pipeline.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid hydrogen system has a fifth pipeline, the outlet end of the heating element is connected to one end of the fifth pipeline, and the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline are both connected to the other end of the fifth pipeline.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid hydrogen system has a sixth pipeline and a seventh pipeline. The sixth pipeline connects the outlet end of the vaporizer and the inlet end of the heating element. The sixth pipeline is equipped with a sixth control valve, which is adapted to control the on / off state of the sixth pipeline. The seventh pipeline connects the outlet end of the vaporizer and the inlet end of the buffer tank. The seventh pipeline is equipped with a seventh control valve, which is adapted to control the on / off state of the seventh pipeline.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid hydrogen system has a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline. The third pipeline connects the outlet end of the heating element and the inlet end of the buffer tank. The third pipeline is equipped with a third control valve, which is adapted to control the on / off state of the third pipeline. The fourth pipeline connects the outlet end of the heating element and the fuel cell stack. The fourth pipeline is equipped with a fourth control valve, which is adapted to control the on / off state of the fourth pipeline. The outlet end of the seventh pipeline is connected to the third pipeline, and the connection point between the seventh pipeline and the third pipeline is located upstream of the third control valve.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid hydrogen system further includes an eighth pipeline and a refueling pipeline. The eighth pipeline connects the first opening to the inlet end of the vaporizer. The eighth pipeline is equipped with an eighth control valve, which is adapted to control the on / off state of the eighth pipeline. The refueling pipeline is connected to the first opening and is equipped with a ninth control valve, which is adapted to control the on / off state of the refueling pipeline.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first opening is connected to the liquid phase space of the hydrogen storage bottle, and the second opening is connected to the gas phase space of the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0016] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fuel cell stack and a liquid hydrogen system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the liquid hydrogen system and the fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: Liquid hydrogen system 100; fuel cell stack 200; Hydrogen storage cylinder 10; First opening 11; Second opening 12; Vaporizer 20; Buffer tank 30; Pressurization component 40; Heating component 50; First pipeline 61; First control valve 611; Second pipeline 62; Second control valve 621; Third pipeline 63; Third control valve 631; Fourth pipeline 64; Fourth control valve 641; Fifth pipeline 65; Sixth pipeline 66; Sixth control valve 661; Seventh pipeline 67; Seventh control valve 671; Eighth pipeline 68; Eighth control valve 681; Filling pipeline 69; Ninth control valve 691; Venting pipeline 71; Fifth control valve 711. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features, "multiple" means two or more, "first feature above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact through another feature between them, and "first feature above", "above" and "over" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0023] The liquid hydrogen system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a hydrogen storage cylinder 10, a vaporizer 20, a buffer tank 30, a pressurizing component 40, and a heating component 50.

[0025] Specifically, the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 is used to store fluids such as liquid hydrogen and hydrogen gas. The hydrogen storage cylinder 10 has a first opening 11 and a second opening 12. The vaporizer 20 can vaporize the liquid hydrogen flowing through it. The inlet end of the vaporizer 20 is connected to the first opening 11, allowing the fluid (here referring to liquid hydrogen) in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to flow into the vaporizer 20 through the first opening 11. For example, in some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen system 100 also includes a heat exchange flow path. The vaporizer 20 is placed in the heat exchange flow path, which can heat the liquid hydrogen flowing through the vaporizer 20 and increase the pressure of the liquid hydrogen flowing through the vaporizer 20 to achieve vaporization of the liquid hydrogen and generate high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas.

[0026] The inlet of the buffer tank 30 is connected to the outlet of the vaporizer 20, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas generated after vaporization by the vaporizer 20 to flow into the buffer tank 30, so that the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas can flow through or be stored in the buffer tank 30. The outlet of the buffer tank 30 is optionally connected to the second opening 12 and the fuel cell stack 200, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the buffer tank 30 to flow into the fuel cell stack 200 or into the hydrogen storage tank 10 through the second opening 12. When the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the buffer tank 30 flows into the fuel cell stack 200, it can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 200 to start it; when the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the buffer tank 30 flows into the hydrogen storage tank 10, it can compress the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10, causing the liquid hydrogen to flow out through the first opening 11.

[0027] The pressurizing component 40 is located inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. Both ends of the pressurizing component 40 are connected to the outlet end of the vaporizer 20 and the inlet end of the heating element 50, respectively, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas generated after vaporization in the vaporizer 20 to flow into the pressurizing component 40. The pressurizing component 40 can exchange heat with the liquid hydrogen inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to pressurize the fluid inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 10, such as liquid hydrogen, facilitating the outflow of the pressurized liquid hydrogen through the first opening 11.

[0028] The fluid (here referring to hydrogen gas) after heat exchange with the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10 in the pressurization unit 40 flows to the inlet end of the heating unit 50, which is used to heat the fluid (here referring to hydrogen gas) flowing through it. For example, in some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen system 100 also includes a heat exchange flow path, in which the heating unit 50 is placed. The heat exchange flow path can heat the hydrogen gas flowing through the heating unit 50 and increase the pressure of the hydrogen gas flowing through the heating unit 50. For example, the heating unit 50 is a pressurization coil reheater. The vaporizer 20 and the heating unit 50 can be an integral part or separate parts.

[0029] The hydrogen in the pressurization unit 40 exchanges heat with the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10 and then flows to the heating unit 50, where the hydrogen flowing through it is heated and pressurized. The outlet end of the heating unit 50 is connected to the fuel cell stack 200, enabling the delivery of high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 200.

[0030] In some related technologies, during non-initial filling scenarios—that is, during routine refueling when the liquid hydrogen system is already at cryogenic temperatures—the hydrogen pressure in the buffer tank is the pressure required to meet the fuel cell stack's gas supply pressure, while the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is the refueling pressure at the hydrogen refueling station. The pressure in the storage tank does not meet the fuel cell stack's gas supply pressure requirements. The vehicle can only supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack using the hydrogen in the buffer tank, but the hydrogen in the buffer tank is limited and can only sustain the supply for a short period. The liquid hydrogen in the storage tank cannot normally flow out for heat exchange and pressurization to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack relies on the buffer tank for gas supply, which cannot meet the normal gas supply requirements of supplying hydrogen from the storage tank. This results in slow fuel cell stack start-up and a poor user experience. Some related technologies use liquid hydrogen pumps to pressurize the storage tank to supply hydrogen, but because liquid hydrogen pumps are expensive, this significantly increases the operating cost of the liquid hydrogen system, making it uneconomical.

[0031] In this application, with the outlet of the buffer tank 30 connected to the second opening 12 and the outlet of the buffer tank 30 disconnected from the fuel cell stack 200, the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30 can be used to increase the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 instead of being directly consumed in the fuel cell stack 200. That is, the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 is squeezed out by the gas in the buffer tank 30, and the liquid hydrogen is vaporized and pressurized by the vaporizer 20, the pressurizing component 40, and the heating component 50 to meet the gas requirements of the fuel cell stack. Therefore, the liquid hydrogen system 100 of this application can fully and efficiently utilize the gas in the buffer tank 30. After the on-board liquid hydrogen system 100 is refueled, the fuel cell stack 200 can be started immediately, avoiding long waiting times and accelerating the start-up speed of the fuel cell stack 200, resulting in a better user experience. Pressurizing the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 with the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30 to supply liquid hydrogen also eliminates the need for a liquid hydrogen pump in related technologies, reducing the operating cost of the liquid hydrogen system 100 and improving its economic efficiency. The filling method in this application refers to injecting liquid hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cylinder 10.

[0032] After liquid hydrogen is discharged from hydrogen storage tank 10, it flows sequentially through vaporizer 20 and pressurization component 40 to pressurize the liquid hydrogen in hydrogen storage tank 10. When the pressure in hydrogen storage tank 10 meets the gas supply requirements of the fuel cell stack, the outlet end of buffer tank 30 can be disconnected from the second opening 12 and the outlet end of buffer tank 30 can be connected to fuel cell stack 200. This allows the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in buffer tank 30 to flow to fuel cell stack 200 instead of hydrogen storage tank 10. In other words, hydrogen storage tank 10 can still discharge liquid hydrogen normally without the need for high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen compression in buffer tank 30, enabling the vehicle to operate normally.

[0033] According to the liquid hydrogen system 100 of this utility model embodiment, by selectively connecting the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 to the second opening 12 and the fuel cell stack 200, the requirements for liquid hydrogen supply from the hydrogen storage tank 10 can be met immediately after the liquid hydrogen system 100 is filled. This allows the fuel cell stack 200 to start up and operate quickly after the liquid hydrogen system 100 is filled, shortening the waiting time for the fuel cell stack 200 to start up and accelerating the start-up speed of the fuel cell stack 200, resulting in a better user experience.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a shut-off valve is provided at the second opening 12 of the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. The shut-off valve can control the opening and closing of the second opening 12 with the outside, which helps to maintain the airtightness of the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. The shut-off valve can be opened and closed manually or electrically.

[0035] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen system 100 has a first pipeline 61 and a second pipeline 62. The first pipeline 61 connects the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 and the second opening 12. The first pipeline 61 is equipped with a first control valve 611, which can control the opening and closing of the first pipeline 61. When the first control valve 611 is open, the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas in the buffer tank 30 can flow through the first pipeline 61 to the second opening 12 and then into the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. When the first control valve 611 is closed, the first pipeline 61 is disconnected. The two ends of the first pipeline 61 can be directly or indirectly connected to the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 and the second opening 12, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, both ends of the first pipeline 61 are directly connected to the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 and the second opening 12.

[0036] The second pipeline 62 connects the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 and the fuel cell stack 200. The second pipeline 62 is equipped with a second control valve 621, which controls the opening and closing of the second pipeline 62. When the second control valve 621 is open, high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the buffer tank 30 can flow into the fuel cell stack 200 through the second pipeline 62. When the second control valve 621 is closed, the second pipeline 62 is disconnected. The two ends of the second pipeline 62 can be directly or indirectly connected to the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 and the fuel cell stack 200, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, both ends of the second pipeline 62 are directly connected to the outlet of the buffer tank 30 and the fuel cell stack 200, respectively.

[0037] Through the first control valve 611 and the second control valve 621, the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30 can selectively flow into the buffer tank 30 and the fuel cell stack 200. For example, if the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 does not meet the fuel cell stack's gas supply requirements, the first pipeline 61 can be connected and the second pipeline 62 can be disconnected, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30 to flow into the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 through the first pipeline 61, facilitating the outflow of liquid hydrogen from the first opening 11 under the compression of the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen. For example, if the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 meets the fuel cell stack's gas supply requirements, the first pipeline 61 can be disconnected and the second pipeline 62 can be connected, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30 to flow into the fuel cell stack 200 through the second pipeline 62. The liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10, without the compression of the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30, flows normally to the vaporizer 20 and the buffer tank 30 before flowing into the fuel cell stack 200.

[0038] Therefore, by selectively connecting the first pipeline 61 and the second pipeline 62 using the first control valve 611 and the second control valve 621, high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen can be introduced into the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to supply hydrogen from the storage cylinder 10 when the first pipeline 61 is connected, and high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen can also be supplied to the fuel cell stack 200 when the second pipeline 62 is connected. This allows for selective connection of the outlet of the buffer tank 30 to both the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 and the fuel cell stack 200, while simplifying the structure of the liquid hydrogen system 100 and improving its structural compactness.

[0039] Each of the valves in this application (such as the first to ninth control valves 691) can be manually or electrically controlled to open and close. For example, the valve can be an electrically controlled solenoid valve, a manually controlled purge valve, or an electrically controlled purge valve.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen system 100 has a third pipeline 63 and a venting pipeline 71. The third pipeline 63 connects the outlet end of the heating element 50 and the inlet end of the buffer tank 30. The two ends of the third pipeline 63 can be directly or indirectly connected to the outlet end of the heating element 50 and the inlet end of the buffer tank 30, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the third pipe 63 is indirectly connected to the outlet end of the heating element 50. Figure 1 The third pipe 63 is indirectly connected to the outlet end of the heating element 50 through the fifth pipe 65 described below. The third pipe 63 is directly connected to the inlet end of the buffer tank 30.

[0041] The inlet of the vent pipe 71 is connected to the second pipe 62, and the outlet of the vent pipe 71 can be connected to the centralized vent pipe of the hydrogen refueling station, the external atmospheric environment, or other areas. For example, the outlet of the vent pipe 71 can be connected to a low-pressure area with a pressure lower than 200 kJ / m² of the fuel cell stack.

[0042] The connection between the venting line 71 and the second line 62 is located between the second control valve 621 and the fuel cell stack 200. The venting line 71 is equipped with a fifth control valve 711, which controls the opening and closing of the venting line 71. When the fifth control valve 711 is open, the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the second line 62 can flow through the venting line 71 to its outlet, for example, into the external atmosphere. When the fifth control valve 711 is closed, the venting line 71 is disconnected, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the second line 62 to flow towards the fuel cell stack 200 instead of the outlet of the venting line 71. The venting line 71 and the second line 62 can be directly or indirectly connected, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the venting pipe 71 and the second pipe 62 are directly connected.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fifth control valve 711 is a manually operated purge valve with a low failure rate and good safety.

[0044] In some related technologies, during the initial filling scenario—that is, when the liquid hydrogen system comes into contact with liquid hydrogen for the first time after manufacturing and installation on the vehicle—the liquid hydrogen system does not meet the gas supply pressure requirements of the fuel cell stack. This causes the medium inside the liquid hydrogen system to be in a stagnant state, meaning the liquid hydrogen system is in a static state. It is necessary to pressurize the system in place and wait for the pressure to reach the gas supply pressure of the fuel cell stack before it can be started. This process takes too long, resulting in a slow start-up speed for the fuel cell stack, which is not conducive to improving the vehicle's operating efficiency.

[0045] In this application, during the initial filling scenario, after the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 is initially filled, by closing the first control valve 611, opening the second control valve 621, and opening the fifth control valve 711, the hydrogen storage cylinder 10, vaporizer 20, pressurizing component 40, heating component 50, third pipeline 63, buffer tank 30, second pipeline 62, and venting pipeline 71 can be sequentially connected. This connects the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to the outlet end of the venting pipeline 71, allowing the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to flow to the outlet end of the venting pipeline 71 after filling, thus initiating the flow of the medium within the liquid hydrogen system 100. Unlike related technologies where the liquid hydrogen system is static and requires heat leakage and pressure buildup to reach the required gas pressure for the fuel cell stack before it can be started, this application allows the liquid hydrogen system 100 to be in an active state, and pressurizes the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 through the pressurizing component 40. By pressurizing the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 through the pressurizing component 40, when the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 reaches the lower limit of the gas supply pressure required by the fuel cell stack, the venting pipeline 71 is closed by the fifth control valve 711, which can connect the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to the fuel cell stack 200 to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 200. This greatly shortens the waiting time before the fuel cell stack starts up, and the fuel cell stack 200 starts up faster, resulting in high vehicle operating efficiency.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen system 100 has a fourth pipeline 64, which connects the second pipeline 62 and the outlet end of the heating element 50. The fourth pipeline 64 is equipped with a fourth control valve 641, which can control the opening and closing of the fourth pipeline 64. When the fourth control valve 641 is open, the second pipeline 62 and the outlet end of the heating element 50 are connected through the fourth pipeline 64, so that the outlet end of the heating element 50, the fourth pipeline 64, the second pipeline 62 and the fuel cell stack 200 are sequentially connected. In scenarios other than the initial filling, the system can simultaneously deliver high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen from the buffer tank 30 to the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 and from the heating element 50 to the fuel cell stack 200. With the fourth control valve 641 closed, the fourth pipeline 64 is disconnected, sequentially connecting the outlet end of the heating element 50, the third pipeline 63, the buffer tank 30, the second pipeline 62, and the fuel cell stack 200. This facilitates the flow of high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen through or storage in the buffer tank 30, enabling the normal gas supply process of the liquid hydrogen system 100. The two ends of the fourth pipeline 64 can be directly or indirectly connected to the second pipeline 62 and the outlet end of the heating element 50, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, one end of the fourth pipe 64 is directly connected to the second pipe 62, and the other end of the fourth pipe 64 is indirectly connected to the outlet end of the heating element 50.

[0047] The outlet of the fourth pipeline 64 is connected to the second pipeline 62, and the connection between the fourth pipeline 64 and the second pipeline 62 is located between the second control valve 621 and the fuel cell stack 200. With the second control valve 621 closed, the portion of the second pipeline 62 located between the second control valve 621 and the fuel cell stack 200 remains connected, allowing the fourth pipeline 64 to connect with the second pipeline 62. The third pipeline 63 is equipped with a third control valve 631, which controls the opening and closing of the third pipeline 63. When the third control valve 631 is open, the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the heating element 50 can flow into the buffer tank 30 through the third pipeline 63. When the third control valve 631 is closed, the third pipeline 63 is disconnected. Opening one of the third control valve 631 and the fourth control valve 641 and closing the other allows the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the heating element 50 to selectively flow to either the third pipeline 63 or the fourth pipeline 64.

[0048] In non-initial filling scenarios, opening the first control valve 611 connects the first pipeline 61, closing the second control valve 621 disconnects the second pipeline 62, allowing the buffer tank 30 to deliver high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen to the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 via the first pipeline 61. Closing the third control valve 631 disconnects the third pipeline 63, opening the fourth control valve 641 connects the fourth pipeline 64, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the heating element 50 to flow into the fourth pipeline 64. Closing the second control valve 621 does not significantly affect the connection between the fourth pipeline 64 and the portion of the second pipeline 62 located between the second control valve 621 and the fuel cell stack 200, facilitating the delivery of high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen from the heating element 50 to the fuel cell stack 200. It is advantageous to meet the needs of connecting the outlet of the buffer tank 30 to the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 and the fuel cell stack 200 at one of the locations, while also taking into account the needs of the buffer tank 30 to deliver high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen to the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 and the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 200 through the vaporizer 20 and the heating element 50. It has multiple functions and simplifies the structure of the liquid hydrogen system 100.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen system 100 has a fifth conduit 65, with the outlet end of the heating element 50 connected to one end of the fifth conduit 65, and the third conduit 63 and the fourth conduit 64 both connected to the other end of the fifth conduit 65. The two ends of the fifth conduit 65 can be directly or indirectly connected to their respective structures, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, one end of the fifth pipe 65 is directly connected to the outlet end of the heating element 50, and the other end of the fifth pipe 65 is directly connected to both the third pipe 63 and the fourth pipe 64.

[0050] The fifth pipe 65 allows the third pipe 63 and the fourth pipe 64 to be connected to the same opening of the heating element 50, thereby reducing the number of openings in the heating element 50, improving pipe sealing, simplifying the structure of the liquid hydrogen system 100, reducing the number of pipes, reducing the weight and cost of the liquid hydrogen system 100, and improving the production and manufacturing efficiency of the liquid hydrogen system 100.

[0051] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen system 100 has a sixth pipe 66 and a seventh pipe 67. The sixth pipe 66 connects the outlet end of the vaporizer 20 and the inlet end of the heater 50. The sixth pipe 66 is equipped with a sixth control valve 661, which controls the opening and closing of the sixth pipe 66. A pressurizing element 40 is located in the sixth pipe 66. When the sixth control valve 661 is open, the sixth pipe 66 is open, and the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the vaporizer 20 can flow through the sixth pipe 66, through the pressurizing element 40, and then to the heater 50. When the sixth control valve 661 is closed, the sixth pipe 66 is disconnected. The two ends of the sixth pipe 66 can be directly or indirectly connected to the outlet end of the vaporizer 20 and the inlet end of the heater 50, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, one end of the sixth pipe 66 is indirectly connected to the outlet end of the vaporizer 20, and the other end of the sixth pipe 66 is directly connected to the inlet end of the heating element 50.

[0052] The seventh pipeline 67 connects the outlet of the vaporizer 20 and the inlet of the buffer tank 30. The seventh pipeline 67 is equipped with a seventh control valve 671, which controls the opening and closing of the seventh pipeline 67. When the seventh control valve 671 is open, the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the vaporizer 20 can flow to the buffer tank 30 through the seventh pipeline 67. When the seventh control valve 671 is closed, the seventh pipeline 67 is disconnected. The two ends of the seventh pipeline 67 can be directly or indirectly connected to the outlet of the vaporizer 20 and the inlet of the buffer tank 30, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, one end of the seventh pipe 67 and one end of the sixth pipe 66 are indirectly connected to the same open end of the vaporizer 20 through the same pipe, and the other end of the seventh pipe 67 is indirectly connected to the inlet end of the buffer tank 30 through a portion of the third pipe 63.

[0053] The outlet of the vaporizer 20 is selectively connected to either the sixth pipeline 66 or the seventh pipeline 67 via the sixth control valve 661 and the seventh control valve 671. For example, if the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 10 does not meet the fuel cell stack's gas supply requirements, the sixth pipeline 66 is connected and the seventh pipeline 67 is disconnected, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen generated by the vaporizer 20 to flow into the pressurization unit 40 through the sixth pipeline 66. The high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the pressurization unit 40 exchanges heat with the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10 to pressurize the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10. For example, if the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 10 meets the fuel cell stack's gas supply requirements, the sixth pipeline 66 is disconnected and the seventh pipeline 67 is connected, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen generated by the vaporizer 20 to flow into the buffer tank 30 through the seventh pipeline 67 and then into the fuel cell stack 200 through the second pipeline 62.

[0054] Therefore, by selectively connecting the sixth pipeline 66 and the seventh pipeline 67 using either the sixth control valve 661 or the seventh control valve 671, it is possible to pressurize the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10 via the pressurization component 40 when the sixth pipeline 66 is connected, and also to deliver high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 200 when the seventh pipeline 67 is connected. This allows for selective connection of the vaporizer 20 outlet to both the pressurization component 40 and the fuel cell stack 200, while simplifying the structure of the liquid hydrogen system 100 and improving its compactness.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen system 100 has a third pipeline 63 and a fourth pipeline 64. The third pipeline 63 connects the outlet end of the heater 50 and the inlet end of the buffer tank 30. The third pipeline 63 is equipped with a third control valve 631, which can control the on / off state of the third pipeline 63. The fourth pipeline 64 connects the outlet end of the heater 50 and the fuel cell stack 200. The fourth pipeline 64 is equipped with a fourth control valve 641, which can control the on / off state of the fourth pipeline 64.

[0056] The outlet of the seventh pipe 67 is connected to the third pipe 63, and the connection between the seventh pipe 67 and the third pipe 63 is located upstream of the third control valve 631. The upstream location here depends on the flow direction of the fluid in the third pipe 63; for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the upstream side of the third control valve 631 refers to the side of the third pipeline 63 located away from the buffer tank 30.

[0057] Close the third control valve 631 and the seventh control valve 671, and open the fourth control valve 641 and the sixth control valve 661, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the heating element 50 to flow through the fourth pipeline 64 into the second pipeline 62 and then into the fuel cell stack 200. Close the fourth control valve 641 and the sixth control valve 661, and open the third control valve 631 and the seventh control valve 671, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas generated by the vaporizer 20 to flow into the fuel cell stack 200 sequentially through the seventh pipeline 67, the third pipeline 63, the buffer tank 30, and the second pipeline 62. Close the fourth control valve 641 and the seventh control valve 671, and open the third control valve 631 and the sixth control valve 661, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas in the heating element 50 to flow into the fuel cell stack 200 sequentially through the third pipeline 63, the buffer tank 30, and the second pipeline 62.

[0058] Therefore, by using the third control valve 631, the fourth control valve 641, the sixth control valve 661 and the seventh control valve 671, the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen system 100 can flow into the fuel cell stack 200 along different paths, thereby meeting the different working requirements of the liquid hydrogen system 100 and simplifying the structure of the liquid hydrogen system 100.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen system 100 also includes an eighth pipeline 68 and a filling pipeline 69. The eighth pipeline 68 connects the first opening 11 to the inlet of the vaporizer 20. The eighth pipeline 68 is equipped with an eighth control valve 681, which controls the opening and closing of the eighth pipeline 68. When the eighth control valve 681 is open, liquid hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank 10 can flow through the eighth pipeline 68 into the vaporizer 20. When the eighth control valve 681 is closed, the eighth pipeline 68 is disconnected. The two ends of the eighth pipeline 68 can be directly or indirectly connected to the first opening 11 and the inlet of the vaporizer 20, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, one end of the eighth pipe 68 is indirectly connected to the first opening 11, and the other end of the eighth pipe 68 is directly connected to the inlet end of the vaporizer 20.

[0060] One end of the refueling pipeline 69 is connected to the first opening 11 and is equipped with a ninth control valve 691. The ninth control valve 691 can control the opening and closing of the refueling pipeline 69. The other end of the refueling pipeline 69 is connected to a hydrogen refueling station to inject liquid hydrogen into the refueling pipeline 69. When the ninth control valve 691 is open, liquid hydrogen can be injected into the hydrogen storage tank 10 through the refueling pipeline 69. When the ninth control valve 691 is closed, the refueling pipeline 69 is disconnected. The refueling pipeline 69 and the first opening 11 can be directly or indirectly connected, for example, in some embodiments, such as... Figure 1 As shown, one end of the filling pipe 69 and one end of the eighth pipe 68 are indirectly connected to the first opening 11 through the same pipe.

[0061] The first opening 11 of the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 can be selectively connected to either the eighth pipeline 68 or the filling pipeline 69 via the eighth control valve 681 and the ninth control valve 691. For example, the filling pipeline 69 can be connected while the eighth pipeline 68 is disconnected to allow liquid hydrogen to be injected into the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. Alternatively, the filling pipeline 69 can be disconnected while the eighth pipeline 68 is connected to allow the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to flow to the vaporizer 20 after the liquid hydrogen has been injected into the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. Therefore, by selectively connecting the eighth pipeline 68 and the filling pipeline 69 via the eighth control valve 681 and the ninth control valve 691, liquid inlet and outlet at the first opening 11 of the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 can be selectively achieved, reducing the number of openings in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10, which is beneficial for improving pipeline sealing, simplifying the structure of the liquid hydrogen system 100, reducing the number of pipelines, reducing the weight cost of the liquid hydrogen system 100, and improving the production and manufacturing efficiency of the liquid hydrogen system 100.

[0062] In some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first opening 11 is connected to the liquid phase space of the hydrogen storage bottle 10, and the second opening 12 is connected to the gas phase space of the hydrogen storage bottle 10. This allows liquid hydrogen and hydrogen gas to be separated within the hydrogen storage bottle 10, reducing mutual interference between them. It also facilitates the flow of high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas from the buffer tank 30 into the gas phase space of the hydrogen storage bottle 10, which then compresses the liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase space of the hydrogen storage bottle 10 to supply hydrogen. This makes the gas inlet and outlet processes of the hydrogen storage bottle 10 more stable.

[0063] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a fuel cell stack 200 and a liquid hydrogen system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Since the liquid hydrogen system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention has the aforementioned beneficial technical effects, the vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, by selectively connecting the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 to the second opening 12 and the fuel cell stack 200, can immediately meet the requirement of supplying liquid hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank 10 after the liquid hydrogen system 100 is refueled. This allows for rapid startup and operation of the fuel cell stack 200 after refueling, shortening the startup waiting time of the fuel cell stack 200, accelerating the startup speed of the fuel cell stack 200, and providing a better user experience.

[0064] The following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the liquid hydrogen system 100 and vehicle according to the present invention is based on the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the following description is merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0065] like Figure 1As shown, a vehicle according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a fuel cell stack 200 and a liquid hydrogen system 100 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. The liquid hydrogen system 100 includes a hydrogen storage tank 10, a vaporizer 20, a buffer tank 30, a pressurizing component 40, and a heating component 50. The hydrogen storage tank 10 has a first opening 11 and a second opening 12. The first opening 11 communicates with the liquid phase space of the hydrogen storage tank 10, and the second opening 12 communicates with the gas phase space of the hydrogen storage tank 10. The inlet end of the vaporizer 20 is connected to the first opening 11, and the vaporizer 20 is capable of vaporizing the liquid hydrogen flowing through it. The inlet end of the buffer tank 30 is connected to the outlet end of the vaporizer 20, and the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 is optionally connected to the second opening 12 and the fuel cell stack 200. The pressurizing component 40 is located inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 and its two ends are connected to the outlet end of the vaporizer 20 and the inlet end of the heater 50, respectively. The pressurizing component 40 can exchange heat with the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to pressurize the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. The outlet end of the heater 50 is connected to the fuel cell stack 200.

[0066] The liquid hydrogen system 100 includes a first pipeline 61, a second pipeline 62, a third pipeline 63, a fourth pipeline 64, a fifth pipeline 65, a sixth pipeline 66, a seventh pipeline 67, an eighth pipeline 68, a venting pipeline 71, and a refueling pipeline 69. The first pipeline 61 connects to the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 and the second opening 12. The first pipeline 61 is equipped with a first control valve 611, which controls the opening and closing of the first pipeline 61. The second pipeline 62 connects to the outlet end of the buffer tank 30 and the fuel cell stack 200. The second pipeline 62 is equipped with a second control valve 621, which controls the opening and closing of the second pipeline 62.

[0067] The third pipeline 63 connects the outlet end of the heating element 50 and the inlet end of the buffer tank 30. The third pipeline 63 is equipped with a third control valve 631, which controls the on / off state of the third pipeline 63. The fourth pipeline 64 connects the second pipeline 62 and the outlet end of the heating element 50. The fourth pipeline 64 is equipped with a fourth control valve 641, which controls the on / off state of the fourth pipeline 64. The inlet end of the vent pipeline 71 connects to the second pipeline 62. The connection point between the vent pipeline 71 and the second pipeline 62 is located between the second control valve 621 and the fuel cell stack 200. The vent pipeline 71 is equipped with a fifth control valve 711, which controls the on / off state of the vent pipeline 71. The outlet end of the fourth pipeline 64 connects to the second pipeline 62. The connection point between the fourth pipeline 64 and the second pipeline 62 is located between the second control valve 621 and the vent pipeline 71. The outlet end of the heating element 50 is connected to one end of the fifth pipe 65, and the third pipe 63 and the fourth pipe 64 are both connected to the other end of the fifth pipe 65.

[0068] The sixth pipe 66 connects the outlet of the vaporizer 20 and the inlet of the heating element 50. The pressurizing element 40 is located in the sixth pipe 66. The sixth pipe 66 is equipped with a sixth control valve 661, which controls the on / off state of the sixth pipe 66. The seventh pipe 67 connects the outlet of the vaporizer 20 and the inlet of the buffer tank 30. The seventh pipe 67 is equipped with a seventh control valve 671, which controls the on / off state of the seventh pipe 67. The outlet of the seventh pipe 67 connects to the third pipe 63, and the connection point between the seventh pipe 67 and the third pipe 63 is located on the side of the third control valve 631 furthest from the buffer tank 30.

[0069] The eighth pipeline 68 connects the first opening 11 to the inlet end of the vaporizer 20. The eighth pipeline 68 is equipped with an eighth control valve 681, which can control the opening and closing of the eighth pipeline 68. The filling pipeline 69 connects to the first opening 11 and is equipped with a ninth control valve 691, which can control the opening and closing of the filling pipeline 69.

[0070] Liquid hydrogen refueling stations employ two technical solutions: subcooled liquid hydrogen refueling and saturated liquid hydrogen refueling. Due to the characteristics of the medium, the storage pressure of saturated liquid hydrogen is generally below 0.3 MPa. If the pressure is too high, the corresponding liquid hydrogen density will decrease, which is detrimental to the hydrogen storage density index of the liquid hydrogen system 100. However, low-pressure storage is not conducive to vehicle starting after refueling. Subcooled liquid hydrogen refueling requires pressurizing the storage medium, allowing the on-board liquid hydrogen system 100 to start and run directly after refueling. However, the corresponding liquid hydrogen pump is too expensive, and pressurized liquid hydrogen is not conducive to long-term storage. This application proposes a liquid hydrogen system 100 and a vehicle to solve the problem of rapid vehicle starting after refueling the on-board liquid hydrogen system 100 at a saturated liquid hydrogen refueling station.

[0071] The specific workflow of the liquid hydrogen system 100 is described below.

[0072] First, open the ninth control valve 691 to connect the filling pipeline 69, and add liquid hydrogen to the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 through the hydrogen refueling station until the filling is completed.

[0073] Then, the water circulation is turned on, and the PTC (heater) and water pump are activated to heat the fuel cell coolant in the vehicle to a temperature suitable for starting the fuel cell stack 200.

[0074] Next, we will divide the work into two modes.

[0075] First, for regular refueling modes that are not the first filling.

[0076] First, the first control valve 611 is opened to connect the first pipeline 61, and the second control valve 621 is closed to disconnect the portion of the second pipeline 62 between the outlet of the buffer tank 30 and the second control valve 621. This allows the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30 to flow through the first pipeline 61 to the first opening 11 and into the hydrogen storage cylinder 10, thus pressurizing the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 and supplying hydrogen from it. Then, the eighth control valve 681 is opened to connect the eighth pipeline 68, allowing the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to flow out through the first opening 11 and into the vaporizer 20 through the eighth pipeline 68. Closing the seventh control valve 671 disconnects the seventh pipeline 67, and opening the sixth control valve 661 connects the sixth pipeline 66. This allows the hydrogen produced by vaporization in the vaporizer 20 to flow through the sixth pipeline 66 and through the pressurizing component 40 to pressurize the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 10. The hydrogen flowing out of the pressurizing component 40 flows to the heating component 50, where it heats and pressurizes the hydrogen flowing through it. Opening the fourth control valve 641 connects the fourth pipeline 64, and closing the third control valve 631 disconnects the third pipeline 63. This allows the hydrogen heated by the heating component 50 to flow sequentially through the fifth pipeline 65 and the fourth pipeline 64 into the second pipeline 62. Specifically, the hydrogen in the fourth pipeline 64 flows between the second control valve 621 and the fuel cell stack 200, allowing hydrogen to flow into the fuel cell stack 200 and achieving normal hydrogen supply to the fuel cell stack 200.

[0077] In the above process, the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas in the buffer tank 30 can be squeezed to expel liquid hydrogen from the hydrogen storage bottle 10 to supply hydrogen, and the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 10 can be converted into high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas through the vaporizer 20, the pressurizing component 40 and the heating component 50 and then flow into the fuel cell stack 200.

[0078] Then, after pressurizing the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 for a period of time via the pressurizing component 40, when the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 reaches the upper limit of the fuel cell stack's gas supply pressure requirement, the seventh control valve 671 is opened to connect the seventh pipeline 67, the sixth control valve 661 is closed to disconnect the sixth pipeline 66, the third control valve 631 is opened to connect the third pipeline 63, and the fourth control valve 641 is closed to disconnect the fourth pipeline 64. This allows the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen generated by the vaporizer 20 to flow into the buffer tank 30 sequentially through the seventh pipeline 67 and the third pipeline 63. The first control valve 611 is closed to disconnect the first pipeline 61, and the second control valve 621 is opened to connect the second pipeline 62, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30 to flow into the fuel cell stack 200 along the second pipeline 62. At this point, the normal gas supply cycle begins.

[0079] Second, for the first-time hot bottle filling mode.

[0080] First, open the fifth control valve 711 to connect the venting pipeline 71 and connect it to the centralized venting pipeline of the hydrogen refueling station. Open the eighth control valve 681 to connect the eighth pipeline 68, allowing liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 to flow out through the first opening 11 and into the vaporizer 20 through the eighth pipeline 68. Close the seventh control valve 671 to disconnect the seventh pipeline 67, and open the sixth control valve 661 to connect the sixth pipeline 66, allowing the hydrogen produced after vaporization in the vaporizer 20 to flow through the sixth pipeline 66 and through the pressurizing component 40 to pressurize the fluid in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. The hydrogen flowing out from the pressurizing component 40 flows to the heating component 50, where the heating component 50 heats and pressurizes the hydrogen flowing through it. Open the third control valve 631 to connect the third pipeline 63, and close the fourth control valve 641 to disconnect the fourth pipeline 64, allowing the hydrogen heated by the heating component 50 to flow into the buffer tank 30 sequentially through the fifth pipeline 65 and the third pipeline 63. Closing the first control valve 611 disconnects the first pipeline 61, and opening the second control valve 621 connects the second pipeline 62, allowing the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen in the buffer tank 30 to flow sequentially through the second pipeline 62 and the venting pipeline 71 to the centralized venting pipeline of the hydrogen refueling station.

[0081] In the above process, the medium inside the liquid hydrogen system 100 can be started to flow through the venting pipe 71. Unlike the related technology, where the liquid hydrogen system is stationary and needs to reach the gas pressure requirement of the fuel cell stack through heat leakage and pressure buildup, this application can keep the liquid hydrogen system 100 in an active state and pressurize the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 through the pressurizing component 40.

[0082] Then, after the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 is pressurized by the pressurization component 40 for a period of time, and the pressure in the hydrogen storage cylinder 10 reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell stack's gas supply pressure requirement, the fifth control valve 711 is closed to disconnect the venting pipeline 71, and the centralized venting pipeline 71 of the hydrogen refueling station is also disconnected. The hydrogen storage cylinder 10 is then connected in sequence to the eighth pipeline 68, the vaporizer 20, the sixth pipeline 66, the pressurization component 40, the heater 50, the fifth pipeline 65, the third pipeline 63, the buffer tank 30, the second pipeline 62, and the fuel cell stack 200, allowing the vehicle to operate in pressurized mode. At this time, the vehicle can be driven normally.

[0083] The liquid hydrogen system 100 operates according to the two aforementioned modes, enabling rapid startup after refueling. Specifically, during the initial filling, the fifth control valve 711 pressurizes the medium flow within the liquid hydrogen system 100, thereby raising the pressure to the required level for fuel cell startup and significantly reducing waiting time. For subsequent fillings, the gas pressure in the buffer tank 30 is used to pressurize the hydrogen storage cylinder 10. This method is less expensive than the liquid hydrogen pump used in supercooled liquid hydrogen refueling schemes and allows for rapid startup of the fuel cell after saturated liquid hydrogen refueling.

[0084] The liquid hydrogen system 100 and other components and operations of the vehicle according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0085] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0086] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "embodiment," "specific embodiment," and "example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0087] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A liquid hydrogen system, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen storage bottle (10), the hydrogen storage bottle (10) having a first opening (11) and a second opening (12); Vaporizer (20), the inlet end of which is connected to the first opening (11); A buffer tank (30) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the vaporizer (20), and the outlet of the buffer tank (30) is optionally connected to the second opening (12) and the fuel cell stack (200). The pressurizing component (40) and the heating component (50) are located inside the hydrogen storage cylinder (10) and are connected at both ends to the outlet end of the vaporizer (20) and the inlet end of the heating component (50), respectively. The outlet end of the heating component (50) is connected to the fuel cell stack (200).

2. The liquid hydrogen system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It has a first pipeline (61) and a second pipeline (62), the first pipeline (61) connecting the outlet end of the buffer tank (30) and the second opening (12), and the first pipeline (61) is provided with a first control valve (611), the first control valve (611) being adapted to control the opening and closing of the first pipeline (61). The second pipeline (62) is connected to the outlet end of the buffer tank (30) and the fuel cell stack (200). The second pipeline (62) is provided with a second control valve (621), which is adapted to control the opening and closing of the second pipeline (62).

3. The liquid hydrogen system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It has a third pipe (63) and a vent pipe (71), the third pipe (63) connecting the outlet end of the heating element (50) and the inlet end of the buffer tank (30). The inlet end of the venting pipeline (71) is connected to the second pipeline (62). The connection between the venting pipeline (71) and the second pipeline (62) is located between the second control valve (621) and the fuel cell stack (200). The venting pipeline (71) is provided with a fifth control valve (711), which is adapted to control the opening and closing of the venting pipeline (71).

4. The liquid hydrogen system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The device has a fourth pipeline (64) that connects the second pipeline (62) and the outlet end of the heating element (50). The fourth pipeline (64) is equipped with a fourth control valve (641) that is adapted to control the opening and closing of the fourth pipeline (64). The outlet end of the fourth pipeline (64) is connected to the second pipeline (62). The connection between the fourth pipeline (64) and the second pipeline (62) is located between the second control valve (621) and the fuel cell stack (200). The third pipeline (63) is equipped with a third control valve (631) that is adapted to control the opening and closing of the third pipeline (63).

5. The liquid hydrogen system according to claim 4, characterized in that, It has a fifth pipe (65), the outlet end of the heating element (50) is connected to one end of the fifth pipe (65), and the third pipe (63) and the fourth pipe (64) are both connected to the other end of the fifth pipe (65).

6. The liquid hydrogen system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It has a sixth pipe (66) and a seventh pipe (67), the sixth pipe (66) connecting the outlet end of the vaporizer (20) and the inlet end of the heating element (50), and the sixth pipe (66) is provided with a sixth control valve (661), the sixth control valve (661) being adapted to control the on / off state of the sixth pipe (66). The seventh pipeline (67) connects the outlet end of the vaporizer (20) and the inlet end of the buffer tank (30). The seventh pipeline (67) is provided with a seventh control valve (671), which is adapted to control the opening and closing of the seventh pipeline (67).

7. The liquid hydrogen system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device has a third pipe (63) and a fourth pipe (64). The third pipe (63) connects the outlet end of the heating element (50) and the inlet end of the buffer tank (30). The third pipe (63) is equipped with a third control valve (631) which is adapted to control the on / off state of the third pipe (63). The fourth pipe (64) connects the outlet end of the heating element (50) and the fuel cell stack (200). The fourth pipe (64) is equipped with a fourth control valve (641) which is adapted to control the on / off state of the fourth pipe (64). The outlet end of the seventh pipeline (67) is connected to the third pipeline (63), and the connection between the seventh pipeline (67) and the third pipeline (63) is located upstream of the third control valve (631).

8. The liquid hydrogen system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also has an eighth pipeline (68) and a filling pipeline (69), the eighth pipeline (68) connecting the first opening (11) and the inlet end of the vaporizer (20), the eighth pipeline (68) being provided with an eighth control valve (681), the eighth control valve (681) being adapted to control the on / off state of the eighth pipeline (68), The filling pipeline (69) is connected to the first opening (11) and is provided with a ninth control valve (691), which is adapted to control the opening and closing of the filling pipeline (69).

9. The liquid hydrogen system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The first opening (11) is connected to the liquid phase space of the hydrogen storage bottle (10), and the second opening (12) is connected to the gas phase space of the hydrogen storage bottle (10).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a fuel cell stack (200) and a liquid hydrogen system (100) according to any one of claims 1-9.

Images