Iot-based intelligent heating system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of intelligent heating system, especially, relate to a wisdom heating system based on internet of things, including heat source, primary network, secondary network, heat exchanger and heat user, its characterized in that, every heat user is equipped with the household control unit including household terminal and secondary network balance valve, and PLC controller is communicated with household terminal and secondary network balance valve through internet of things platform with NB - lod communication protocol. The utility model has the beneficial effect that: through internet of things, the primary network water supply and secondary network backwater and heat user are formed into a wisdom heating system, under the normal regulation task of primary network temperature, pressure, the heat preservation performance of secondary network heat user's house type and personnel flow are brought into the management range, make every heat user unit's heat consumption all obtain accurate regulation control, thereby improve the efficiency of whole heating system, promote user satisfaction, guarantee heating system smooth and efficient operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of intelligent heating systems, and in particular relates to an intelligent heating system based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, coal-fired heating has been the dominant method for winter heating in northern my country. However, this method produces enormous amounts of carbon dioxide greenhouse gases and particulate matter, leading to a significant decline in air quality every winter. Furthermore, due to outdated pipeline monitoring technology, uneven heating is common, and pipeline leaks result in high heating costs. Against this backdrop, vigorously developing intelligent heating systems can help solve these problems. Such systems can monitor the heating system, achieve rational heating, and reduce heating waste.

[0003] Smart heating is the integrated application of IoT technology and artificial intelligence in the heating field. It constructs a full-process intelligent control system through real-time data collection from heat sources, pipelines, and user terminals. Its technical architecture includes a physical device layer, an IoT sensing layer, and an intelligent decision-making layer, and it has the capabilities of accurate load forecasting, dynamic pipeline scheduling, and personalized room temperature control.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application number 202110608726.3 discloses a flexible smart heating system based on building heat storage characteristics, including a peak heat source station, a heat exchange station, an in-station regulating valve, a secondary network water supply pipe, a secondary network return pipe, heat users, and a secondary network circulation pump; heat users are divided into self-regulating building users and centralized regulating building users; a secondary network circulation pump is installed on the secondary network return pipe connected to the peak heat source station and the heat exchange station respectively; self-regulating building users and centralized regulating building users are respectively provided with self-regulating building heating system and centralized regulating building heating system on the secondary network pipeline connected to the heat exchange station for hydraulic decoupling between building users and secondary network.

[0005] The existing heating system has been unable to accurately adjust the hot water supply according to the varying heating needs of users in the secondary network. Factors such as the insulation performance of the apartment and the movement of people in the unit can affect the matching of heat energy, causing the system to always be in an inefficient stage with large fluctuations in indoor temperature. Further improvements are necessary to enhance user satisfaction. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a smart heating system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. By integrating the primary water supply network, the secondary water return network, and heat users into a smart system through the IoT, the system can manage the insulation performance of each heat user's apartment and the movement of people, while also regulating the temperature and pressure of the primary network. This allows for accurate regulation and control of the heat supply to each heat user unit, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire heating system and enhancing user satisfaction.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technical solution: The IoT-based smart heating system includes a heat source, a primary network, a secondary network, heat exchangers, and heat users. The primary and secondary networks are connected via heat exchangers. The secondary network is equipped with a circulating pump group and a makeup water pump group, which are connected to a makeup water tank. The primary network is equipped with a primary network temperature sensor and a primary network pressure sensor. The secondary network is equipped with a secondary network temperature sensor, a secondary network pressure sensor, and a heat meter. The primary network return water pipe is equipped with a primary network flow electric regulating valve. A PLC controller is connected to the circulating pump group and the makeup water pump group via a frequency converter. The PLC controller is also connected to the primary network temperature sensor, the primary network pressure sensor, the secondary network temperature sensor, the secondary network pressure sensor, and the primary network flow electric regulating valve. Each heat user is equipped with an inlet control unit that includes an inlet terminal and a secondary network balancing valve. The PLC controller communicates with the inlet terminal and the secondary network balancing valve via the IoT platform using the NB-IoT communication protocol.

[0008] Furthermore, the terminal microcontroller in the in-home terminal is connected to an indoor temperature sensor, an in-home water pressure sensor, an in-home water temperature sensor, an infrared sensor, an NB-IoT communication module, and an in-home electric valve; the infrared sensor is an STHS34PF80.

[0009] Furthermore, the secondary network balancing valve is connected to the balancing valve microcontroller, which is also connected to the outlet water temperature sensor and the NB-IoT communication module; the secondary network balancing valve is an electric ball valve or an electric butterfly valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the main chip of both the terminal microcontroller and the balance valve microcontroller is STM32F103RET6.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger or a tubular heat exchanger.

[0012] Furthermore, the PLC controller is also connected to an outdoor temperature sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, both the primary network flow electric regulating valve and the inlet electric valve are equipped with a regulating actuator UN05A-T1.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1) By integrating the primary water supply network, the secondary water return network, and heat users into a smart heating system through the Internet of Things, the system can manage the insulation performance of the secondary heat users' apartments and the movement of people, while completing the normal adjustment of the temperature and pressure of the primary network. This allows for accurate regulation and control of the heat consumption of each heat user unit, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire heating system and enhancing user satisfaction. 2) By intelligently managing users' heating needs, water pressure leaks can be detected and alarms can be triggered in a timely manner, thereby reducing users' economic losses and minimizing the adverse effects of pipeline failures on the entire heating system, ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the heating system. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of the in-home terminal structure in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of the secondary network balancing valve control structure in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in many different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely represents selected embodiments of the utility model.

[0018] See Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of an embodiment of the IoT-based smart heating system of this utility model. It includes a heat source, a primary network, a secondary network, a heat exchanger, and heat users. The primary and secondary networks are connected via the heat exchanger. The secondary network is equipped with a circulating pump group and a makeup water pump group, which are connected to a makeup water tank. The primary network is equipped with a primary network temperature sensor and a primary network pressure sensor. The secondary network is equipped with a secondary network temperature sensor, a secondary network pressure sensor, and a heat meter. A primary network flow electric regulating valve is installed on the primary network return pipe. A PLC controller is connected to the circulating pump group and the makeup water pump group via a frequency converter. The PLC controller is also connected to the primary network temperature sensor, the primary network pressure sensor, the secondary network temperature sensor, the secondary network pressure sensor, and the primary network flow electric regulating valve. Each heat user is equipped with an inlet control unit including an inlet terminal and a secondary network balancing valve. The PLC controller communicates with the inlet terminal and the secondary network balancing valve via the NB-IoT communication protocol through an IoT platform. The PLC controller is also connected to an outdoor temperature sensor, which serves as the basis for evaluating the heat consumption of heat users. The heat exchanger is either a plate heat exchanger or a tube heat exchanger, with a plate heat exchanger being preferred.

[0019] See Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of the in-home terminal structure in this utility model embodiment. The terminal microcontroller is connected to an indoor temperature sensor, an in-home water pressure sensor, an in-home water temperature sensor, an infrared sensor, an NB-IoT communication module, and an in-home electric valve. The infrared sensor is an STHS34PF80, primarily used for accurate object movement detection and to sense the presence of a person by measuring the infrared radiation emitted by objects within its field of view. It features high accuracy, low power consumption, and digital output. It is widely used in presence / motion detection in smart homes, smart buildings, smart lighting, smart IoT appliances, and security alarm systems. This sensor is manufactured using a self-developed CMOS-SOI process. It integrates the infrared radiation emitted by an object into a MEMS thermally insulating gate within the field of view (FoV), thereby biasing the MOS transistor and sensing the temperature of the object or person. Compared to PIR technology, it offers higher sensitivity, lower cost (no Fresnel lens required), and, more importantly, the ability to detect stationary targets, avoiding misjudgments during use. Key advantages of the THS34PF80 sensor: It can detect both stationary and moving targets, detect targets within 4 meters without a Fresnel lens, has an embedded intelligent algorithm to reduce power consumption, a small package, and a digital interface.

[0020] The indoor temperature sensor responsible for acquiring indoor temperature data is the widely used DS18B20 single-bus temperature sensor from Dallas Semiconductor. Compared to traditional thermistors, it is smaller and perfectly suited for narrow pipes. Furthermore, its simple interface, using a single-bus communication method, provides excellent anti-interference performance and is suitable for complex environments. The DS18B20 is a digital temperature sensor with a measurement range of -55 to +125°C and an accuracy of ±0.5°C, making it ideal for heating temperature measurement.

[0021] The water temperature sensor for the inlet is designed to be waterproof, and uses a waterproof DS18B20 probe.

[0022] Indoor water pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure status within pipes. When a leak occurs, the pressure inside the pipe drops significantly. Based on this characteristic, the pressure sensor uses an active pressure sensor (4~20mA), which is widely used in air conditioning systems, heat exchange systems, and water systems for measuring liquid pressure in pipes. Its protection rating is NEMA4 / IP65. When a pipe leak occurs, the pressure sensor can detect a significant signal change. The in-home terminal will immediately make a judgment, close the in-home electric valve, sound an alarm via a buzzer, and send an alarm to the higher-level system to notify the user.

[0023] The NB-IoT communication module handles data uploading and command reception for in-home terminals. Since the terminal data consists of lightweight data such as water temperature and pressure, the real-time requirements are far less stringent than for video and audio data. Therefore, NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) is the optimal choice for the communication module. It is integrated into the cellular network, occupying only 180kHz of bandwidth, and has been widely adopted in the IoT industry in recent years. Compared to other IoT communication technologies such as ZigBee, NB-IoT is primarily used in low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs), and can be deployed directly using existing GSM, UMTS, or LTE networks, reducing deployment costs. Due to its low power consumption and narrow bandwidth, NB-IoT is mainly used for data sensing and collection in low-data-rate smart applications. NB-IoT base stations can cover up to 15 kilometers. Compared to GPRS and LTE networks in the same frequency band, NB-IoT's coverage is more than 20dB higher. It also has strong penetration capabilities, effectively penetrating even places where traditional communication methods struggle, such as underground passages and basements.

[0024] The electric valve at the entrance is a KHV series electric V-type ball valve (1 / 2″~1 1 / 2″) from Yige Fluid Technology (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd. The electric adjustable ball valve consists of a valve body and a valve actuator. The ball valve model is KHV-G1-E-55-SS, and the electric actuator model is UN05A-T1-4S. The specifications are as follows: The valve actuator receives signals from the upstream controller and drives the motor to rotate to the designated position. Therefore, a regulating actuator (UN05A-T1) is selected. Communication between the actuator and the upstream controller uses a 4-20mA current loop. The actuator is powered by 24V DC, with both the input and feedback currents at 4-20mA. Both the primary network flow electric regulating valve and the inlet electric valve are equipped with the regulating actuator UN05A-T1.

[0025] See Figure 3 The secondary network balancing valve is connected to the balancing valve microcontroller, which is also connected to the outlet water temperature sensor and the NB-IoT communication module. The secondary network balancing valve is an electric ball valve or an electric butterfly valve.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, the main chips of both the terminal microcontroller and the balance valve microcontroller are STM32F103RET6, which belongs to the STM32 series. The mainstream STM32 series is suitable for a variety of applications, addressing the diverse needs of multiple market segments. For consumer markets that prioritize cost constraints and time-to-market, the highly balanced device architecture effectively meets basic design requirements. The mainstream STM32 series is geared towards economical, robust, and durable systems, supporting real-time control applications. Its core uses the ARM Cortex-M3 core, characterized by high performance, low cost, and low power consumption, making it the preferred choice for embedded applications. It also adopts the ARMv7-M architecture, whose M-series architecture is specifically designed for the characteristics of microcontrollers.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smart heating system based on the Internet of Things (IoT), comprising a heat source, a primary network, a secondary network, a heat exchanger, and heat users. The primary and secondary networks are connected via a heat exchanger. The secondary network is equipped with a circulating pump group and a makeup water pump group, the makeup water pump group being connected to a makeup water tank. The primary network is equipped with a primary network temperature sensor and a primary network pressure sensor. The secondary network is equipped with a secondary network temperature sensor, a secondary network pressure sensor, and a heat meter. A primary network flow electric regulating valve is installed on the primary network return water pipe. A PLC controller is connected to the circulating pump group and the makeup water pump group via a frequency converter. The PLC controller is also connected to the primary network temperature sensor, the primary network pressure sensor, the secondary network temperature sensor, the secondary network pressure sensor, and the primary network flow electric regulating valve. Its characteristic is that... Each of the aforementioned heat users is equipped with an in-home control unit that includes an in-home terminal and a secondary network balancing valve. The PLC controller communicates with the in-home terminal and the secondary network balancing valve via an Internet of Things platform using the NB-IoT communication protocol.

2. The smart heating system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal microcontroller in the in-home terminal is connected to an indoor temperature sensor, an in-home water pressure sensor, an in-home water temperature sensor, an infrared sensor, an NB-IoT communication module, and an in-home electric valve; the infrared sensor is an STHS34PF80.

3. The smart heating system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that, The secondary network balancing valve is connected to the balancing valve microcontroller, which is also connected to the outlet water temperature sensor and the NB-IoT communication module. The secondary network balancing valve is an electric ball valve or an electric butterfly valve.

4. The smart heating system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main chip of both the terminal microcontroller and the balance valve microcontroller is STM32F103RET6.

5. The smart heating system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger or a tubular heat exchanger.

6. The smart heating system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC controller is also connected to an outdoor temperature sensor.

7. The smart heating system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the primary network flow electric regulating valve and the inlet electric valve are equipped with a regulating actuator UN05A-T1.

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