A thermal store

Abstract

The application discloses a heat accumulator, and belongs to the technical field of power station boilers. The heat accumulator comprises heat storage particles, a metal shell filled with the heat storage particles, a plurality of internal surface expansion heat transfer components arranged on the inner wall of the metal shell, a plurality of heat storage units formed by the plurality of internal surface expansion heat transfer components, and a plurality of external surface expansion heat transfer components arranged on the outer wall of the metal shell. The heat storage particles in the metal shell are divided into a plurality of heat storage units by the surface expansion heat transfer components, the heat conduction distance is reduced, the interpenetrating structure of the surface of the internal surface expansion heat transfer components and the heat storage particles greatly improves the heat conductivity, the actual available heat storage density is improved, and the mechanical constraint of the internal surface expansion heat transfer components can inhibit the stratification of the heat storage particles and prolong the service life of the heat accumulator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of power plant boiler technology, and in particular relates to a heat storage device. Background Technology

[0002] In today's energy sector, with increasing global focus on energy efficiency and sustainable development, thermal energy storage technology is playing an increasingly important role as a key means of balancing energy supply and demand and improving energy utilization. From industrial production to daily life, numerous scenarios have a strong demand for thermal energy storage technology. For example, in the industrial sector, traditional industries such as steel mills and thermal power plants generate a large amount of waste heat during production processes, such as steam waste heat, slag discharge water waste heat, flue gas waste heat, and compressed air waste heat. A significant portion of this waste heat remains undeveloped and unutilized, resulting not only in enormous energy waste and increased resource consumption but also in substantial gas emissions due to the additional energy production.

[0003] Solid thermal energy storage technology is an important branch of the current thermal energy storage field. With its advantages such as wide availability of materials, high safety, and no leakage risk, it is widely used in industrial waste heat recovery, building heating, and concentrated solar power generation. However, from the perspective of practical application and technological development, existing solid thermal energy storage technologies generally suffer from core defects such as low heat transfer efficiency, insufficient effective heat storage density, and large temperature gradients. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, this application provides a thermal storage device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a heat storage device, comprising: heat storage particles; a metal shell filled with heat storage particles; multiple internally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components disposed on the inner wall of the metal shell, wherein the multiple internally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components divide the heat storage particles inside the metal shell into multiple heat storage units, and heat is conducted through the multiple heat storage units; and multiple externally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components disposed on the outer wall of the metal shell.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By designing the metal shell of the thermal storage device and installing an extended surface-enhanced heat transfer component that penetrates the core area of ​​the packing inside the metal shell, the thermal storage particles inside the metal shell are divided into multiple thermal storage units, reducing the heat conduction distance. Through the interpenetrating structure between the surface of the internal extended surface-enhanced heat transfer component and the thermal storage particles, the thermal conductivity of the thermal storage unit is greatly improved, which not only improves the heat exchange efficiency but also increases the actual usable thermal storage density. At the same time, the mechanical constraint of the internal extended surface-enhanced heat transfer component can suppress the stratification of the thermal storage particles, thereby increasing the cycle life of the thermal storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the thermal storage device of this application;

[0008] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the thermal storage device of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0009] The preferred embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of this application can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby providing a clearer and more definite definition of the scope of protection of this application.

[0010] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the thermal storage device of this application.

[0012] Figure 1 The low-load stable combustion boiler shown includes: heat storage particles 101; a metal shell 102, the interior of which is filled with heat storage particles; multiple internally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components 103, which are disposed on the inner wall of the metal shell, the multiple internally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components divide the heat storage particles inside the metal shell into multiple heat storage units, and conduct heat through the multiple heat storage units; and multiple externally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components 104, which are disposed on the outer wall of the metal shell.

[0013] In this specific embodiment, by designing the metal shell of the thermal storage device and installing an extended surface-enhanced heat transfer component that penetrates the core area of ​​the packing inside the metal shell, the thermal storage particles inside the metal shell are divided into multiple thermal storage units, reducing the heat conduction distance. Through the interpenetrating structure between the surface of the internal extended surface-enhanced heat transfer component and the thermal storage particles, the thermal conductivity of the thermal storage unit is significantly improved, which not only improves the heat exchange efficiency but also increases the actual usable thermal storage density. At the same time, the mechanical constraint of the internal extended surface-enhanced heat transfer component can suppress the stratification of the thermal storage particles, thereby increasing the cycle life of the thermal storage device.

[0014] In one specific embodiment of this application, the heat storage device includes: heat storage particles 101.

[0015] In this specific embodiment, the heat storage particles are particles that can store thermal energy, and their main function is to store thermal energy.

[0016] In one specific embodiment of this application, the heat storage particles are sand or aluminum oxide.

[0017] In this specific embodiment, because aluminum oxide has a higher thermal conductivity than sand, the heat storage particles can be entirely composed of aluminum oxide. Of course, the heat storage particles can also be primarily aluminum oxide, with other different substances mixed in; in this case, the proportion of aluminum oxide can be around 70%. The heat storage particles can also be just sand, or even other cheaper natural materials capable of heat storage.

[0018] In one specific embodiment of this application, when the operating environment temperature of the heat storage device is higher than 500 degrees Celsius, the heat storage particles are sand and / or alumina doped with high thermal conductivity particles, wherein the high thermal conductivity particles include carbon powder and / or metal powder; when the operating environment temperature of the heat storage device is between 300 and 500 degrees Celsius, the heat storage particles are sand and / or alumina doped with phase change heat storage molten salt; when the operating environment temperature of the heat storage device is lower than 300 degrees Celsius, the heat storage particles are sand and / or alumina doped with high-temperature heat transfer oil.

[0019] In this specific embodiment, depending on the temperature requirements, different substances can be added to the heat storage particles, primarily composed of sand and / or alumina, to correspondingly improve the overall thermal conductivity of the heat storage particles. Specifically, when the operating environment temperature of the heat storage device is higher than 500°C, high thermal conductivity particles can be added to the heat storage particles. These high thermal conductivity particles can be carbon powder or metal powder, such as lead powder or tin powder. When the operating environment temperature of the heat storage device is between 300-500°C, phase change thermal storage molten salt can be added to the heat storage particles. When the operating environment temperature of the heat storage device is lower than 300°C, high-temperature heat transfer oil can be added to the heat storage particles. Sand is inexpensive, but its overall thermal conductivity is not high. Therefore, adding high thermal conductivity particles to the sand can achieve a higher final thermal conductivity for the heat storage particles. Similarly, high thermal conductivity particles can also be added to alumina to further increase the overall thermal conductivity of the heat storage particles. By incorporating substances with different thermal conductivity into the thermal storage particles, the thermal storage device can be specifically adapted to the environment of different temperature zones, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and reducing costs.

[0020] In one specific embodiment of this application, the heat storage device includes a metal casing 102, the interior of which is filled with heat storage particles.

[0021] In this specific embodiment, the metal shell is a container for storing heat-generating particles.

[0022] In one specific embodiment of this application, the metal casing is made of 310S stainless steel.

[0023] In this specific embodiment, 310S stainless steel can withstand high temperatures up to 1100°C and has a low coefficient of thermal expansion and corrosion resistance. The metal casing is made of 310S stainless steel, which can withstand high temperatures and is not easily affected by thermal expansion and corrosion.

[0024] In one specific embodiment of this application, the metal shell is a polygonal columnar structure that is thick in the center and gradually thins at the edges, or a cylindrical structure that is thick in the center and gradually thins at the edges.

[0025] In this specific embodiment, the metal shell can be a polygonal columnar structure with a thicker center and gradually thinner edges, such as a quadrilateral columnar structure with dimensions of 1000mm x 1000mm x 300mm. The thickness directions on all four sides can be designed at a 60-degree angle. The wall thickness of the quadrilateral columnar structure can be 3mm, and it can be made of 310S stainless steel or carbon steel. Alternatively, the metal shell can be a cylindrical structure with a thicker center and gradually thinner edges, similar to a cylindrical "disc." In this case, the diameter can be 300mm and the thickness can be 80mm. This design can shorten the heat conduction path, and the wall thickness can be 3mm, balancing strength and thermal conductivity. It can also be made of 310S stainless steel.

[0026] In one specific embodiment of this application, the heat storage device includes: a plurality of internally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components 103 disposed on the inner wall of a metal shell. The plurality of internally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components divide the heat storage particles inside the metal shell into a plurality of heat storage units, and conduct heat through the plurality of heat storage units.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, multiple internally extended surface-reinforced heat transfer components are disposed on the inner wall of the metal shell, primarily for accelerating convective heat transfer. These components divide the heat storage particles inside the metal shell into multiple heat storage units, through which heat is conducted. By integrally molding high-density internally extended surface-reinforced heat transfer components inside the metal shell, these components directly penetrate the core area of ​​the filler to form multi-level thermal bridges, compressing the heat conduction distance from the traditional full-thickness 200mm to half the spacing between the internally extended surface-reinforced heat transfer components (30mm). Furthermore, through the interpenetrating metal structure between the surface of the internally extended surface-reinforced heat transfer components and the phase change material, the effective thermal conductivity of the unit is increased by 15 times, achieving quasi-isothermal heat storage and release with a thickness-direction temperature difference of ≤±5℃. This design completely solves the "thermal conduction dead zone" problem in large-size solid heat storage bodies, increasing the actual usable heat storage density by 125%. Simultaneously, the mechanical constraints of the internally extended surface-reinforced heat transfer components can suppress phase change material stratification, resulting in a cycle life exceeding 10,000 cycles.

[0028] In one specific embodiment of this application, the heat storage device of this application includes: a plurality of externally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components 104, which are disposed on the outer wall of the metal shell.

[0029] In this specific embodiment, multiple externally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components are primarily used to enhance air / fluid heat exchange.

[0030] In one specific embodiment of this application, at least one of the internal extended surface-reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface-reinforced heat transfer component is a fin or a rib.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the internal extended surface enhanced heat transfer component and the external extended surface enhanced heat transfer component can be fins or ribs, used to increase the heat transfer area and enhance the heat transfer efficiency.

[0032] In one specific embodiment of this application, the material of the internal extended surface-reinforced heat transfer component is copper, and the material of the external extended surface-reinforced heat transfer component is aluminum alloy.

[0033] In this specific embodiment, the materials of the internal extended surface reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface reinforced heat transfer component can be different. For example, the internal extended surface reinforced heat transfer component is made of copper, which has a thermal conductivity of 400 W / m·K, while the external extended surface reinforced heat transfer component is made of aluminum alloy, which has a thermal conductivity of 160 W / m·K.

[0034] In one specific embodiment of this application, when the temperature of the operating environment of the thermal storage device is below 400 degrees Celsius, the internal extended surface reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface reinforced heat transfer component are made of carbon steel; when the temperature of the operating environment of the thermal storage device is between 400 and 600 degrees Celsius, the internal extended surface reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface reinforced heat transfer component are made of stainless steel; when the temperature of the operating environment of the thermal storage device is above 600 degrees Celsius, the internal extended surface reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface reinforced heat transfer component are made of tungsten alloy or nickel-based alloy with an anti-oxidation coating sprayed on the surface.

[0035] In this specific embodiment, the internal and external extended surface-reinforced heat transfer components can be made of the same material, and different materials can be selected according to the different operating temperatures of the thermal storage device to adapt to different temperature zones. Specifically, when the operating temperature of the thermal storage device is below 400 degrees Celsius, both the internal and external extended surface-reinforced heat transfer components are made of carbon steel; when the operating temperature of the thermal storage device is between 400 and 600 degrees Celsius, both are made of stainless steel; and when the operating temperature of the thermal storage device is above 600 degrees Celsius, both are made of tungsten alloy or nickel-based alloy with an anti-oxidation coating.

[0036] In a specific example of this application, when the metal shell is a cylindrical structure that is thick in the center and gradually thins at the edges, 12 internal extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components can be arranged radially. The height of the internal extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components can be 15 mm, the thickness can be 1.5 mm, and the center distance can be 10 mm. The external extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components can be arranged in a spiral ring at a 15° angle. The height of the external extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components can be 20 mm, the thickness can be 1.0 mm, and the pitch can be 8 mm.

[0037] In a specific example of this application, when the metal shell is a quadrilateral columnar structure, the internal extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components can be arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the quadrilateral columnar structure in an alternating design.

[0038] In one specific embodiment of this application, the heat storage device further includes one or more air inlet / outlet channels disposed on the metal casing and communicating with the interior of the metal casing.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, the air inlet and outlet channel is set on the metal shell of the heat storage tank, for example, on the top of the metal shell, and is mainly used as a channel for air exhaust and / or air inlet. The air inlet and outlet channel can be designed with a 90° bend to prevent dust from entering.

[0040] In one specific embodiment of this application, during the heat storage process of the heat storage device, the air inside the metal shell is discharged to the outside of the metal shell through the air inlet and outlet channel; during the heat release process of the heat storage device, the air outside the metal shell enters the interior of the metal shell through the air inlet and outlet channel.

[0041] In this specific embodiment, during the heat storage and heating process of the heat storage device, the air inside the metal shell is discharged through the air inlet and outlet channels. During the heat release and cooling process of the heat storage device, air can be allowed to enter the interior of the metal shell through the air inlet and outlet channels.

[0042] In one specific embodiment of this application, the interior of the metal casing is connected to an external vacuum device through an air inlet / outlet channel, so that the external vacuum device keeps the interior of the metal casing in a vacuum state.

[0043] In this specific embodiment, the air inlet / outlet channel can be connected to an external vacuum pumping device. This allows the external vacuum pumping device to evacuate the interior of the metal casing and maintain this vacuum state. The air inlet / outlet channel serves as the vacuum pumping channel. Evacuating the interior of the metal casing removes air, which not only increases the thermal conductivity of the heat storage particles inside the metal casing, thus improving heat exchange efficiency, but also, after the air is removed, the atmospheric pressure exerts a significant force on the metal casing, greatly increasing the density between the heat storage particles and thus improving the usable heat storage density.

[0044] In one specific embodiment of this application, the heat storage device further includes a dedicated bracket for placing the heat storage device.

[0045] In this specific embodiment, the heat storage device can be placed on a dedicated bracket, which makes it easy to move the position of the heat storage device according to actual needs.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the thermal storage device of this application.

[0047] like Figure 2As shown, the metal casing of the heat storage device is a cylindrical structure that is thick in the center and gradually thins at the edges, resembling a cylindrical "disc". In addition to the metal casing, the heat storage particles inside the metal casing, the internal extended surface enhanced heat transfer components, and the external extended surface enhanced heat transfer components, it also includes air inlet and outlet channels set on the metal casing. The air inlet and outlet channels adopt a 90-degree bend design to prevent dust from falling in.

[0048] In the thermal storage device of this application, the thermal storage particles inside the metal shell are divided into multiple thermal storage units by the design of the metal shell and the extended surface enhanced heat transfer components that penetrate the core area of ​​the packing material. This reduces the heat conduction distance. The interpenetrating structure between the surface of the internal extended surface enhanced heat transfer components and the thermal storage particles significantly improves the thermal conductivity of the thermal storage units. This not only improves the heat exchange efficiency but also increases the actual usable thermal storage density. At the same time, the mechanical constraint of the internal extended surface enhanced heat transfer components can suppress the stratification of the thermal storage particles, thereby increasing the cycle life of the thermal storage device.

[0049] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary; multiple components or devices may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or removed. Furthermore, the interconnections disclosed or discussed may be via connectors, which may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0050] The components or devices may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be arranged in a specific location or in other locations within the device or system. Some or all of the components or devices can be selected to achieve the technical objectives of this specific embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0051] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A heat storage device, characterized in that, include: Thermal storage particulate matter; A metal casing, the interior of which is filled with the heat-storing particles; Multiple internally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components are disposed on the inner wall of the metal shell. These components divide the heat storage particles inside the metal shell into multiple heat storage units, through which heat is conducted. Multiple externally extended surface-enhanced heat transfer components are disposed on the outer wall of the metal housing.

2. The heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the internal extended surface-reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface-reinforced heat transfer component is a fin or a rib.

3. The heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal extended surface-reinforced heat transfer component is made of copper, and the external extended surface-reinforced heat transfer component is made of aluminum alloy.

4. The heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that... When the operating temperature of the heat storage device is below 400 degrees Celsius, the internal extended surface reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface reinforced heat transfer component are made of carbon steel. When the operating environment temperature of the heat storage device is between 400 and 600 degrees Celsius, the internal extended surface reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface reinforced heat transfer component are made of stainless steel. When the operating temperature of the heat storage device is greater than 600 degrees Celsius, the internal extended surface reinforced heat transfer component and the external extended surface reinforced heat transfer component are made of tungsten alloy or nickel-based alloy with an anti-oxidation coating sprayed on the surface.

5. The heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal shell is a polygonal columnar structure that is thick in the center and gradually thins at the edges, or a cylindrical structure that is thick in the center and gradually thins at the edges.

6. The heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: One or more air inlet / outlet channels are provided on the metal housing and communicate with the interior of the metal housing.

7. The heat storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the heat storage process of the heat storage device, the air inside the metal shell is discharged to the outside of the metal shell through the air inlet and outlet channel; During the heat release process of the heat storage device, air outside the metal casing enters the interior of the metal casing through the air inlet / outlet channel.

8. The heat storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The interior of the metal casing is connected to an external vacuum device through the air inlet and outlet channels, so that the external vacuum device keeps the interior of the metal casing in a vacuum state.

9. The heat storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage particles are sand or aluminum oxide.

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