Automatic rotating probe for gear measuring center

Abstract

The present application relates to gear geometry parameter detection equipment field, especially to a kind of automatic rotating probe of gear measuring center special, specifically suitable for the precision detection of cylindrical gear, bevel gear and other tooth surface form error, the automatic rotating probe of gear measuring center special is converted into 2D probe to 3D probe by mechanical rotation, XY plane (pitch error, profile error) and YZ plane (tooth direction, axial runout) measurement can be completed respectively, without changing probe needle, counterweight structure offsets the measurement error generated by Z direction self weight after rotation, combined with the low runout characteristics of precision bearing, improve the repeat positioning accuracy of probe, greatly reduce manufacturing cost, and compatible with the installation interface of existing gear measuring center, the difficulty of transformation is low, rotation switching time is fast, cooperate with the control system of measuring center to realize fully automatic process, greatly improve detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear geometric parameter testing equipment, and in particular to an automatic rotary probe specifically designed for gear measuring centers, which is suitable for the precision testing of the form and position errors of the tooth surfaces of cylindrical gears, bevel gears, etc. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment for gear precision testing, the performance of the probe in a gear measurement center directly determines the measurement accuracy and efficiency. Currently, the most widely used probes in the industry are one-dimensional trigger-type inductive probes, two-dimensional scanning digital probes, and three-dimensional scanning digital probes. One-dimensional trigger-type inductive probes have been gradually phased out due to their limited measurement capabilities. Three-dimensional scanning digital probes integrate X (tangential), Y (radial), and Z (vertical) axes through nesting or serial connections to achieve omnidirectional measurement, but they suffer from complex mechanical structures, high manufacturing costs, and large size, making them difficult to apply in compact, small-module gear measurement centers. Two-dimensional scanning digital probes often use a serial frame structure connecting two axes to achieve X (tangential) and Y (radial) axis measurements, but they cannot cover the Z (vertical) axis testing requirements. Frequent probe replacements are necessary when measuring complex tooth surfaces, leading to low testing efficiency. The functional limitations of two-dimensional probes make them unsuitable for multi-parameter comprehensive testing scenarios. Therefore, developing a new type of probe that combines the simple structure of a two-dimensional probe with the multi-directional measurement capabilities of a three-dimensional probe has become an urgent need in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic rotary probe specifically designed for gear measurement centers. The probe body can automatically rotate 90 degrees to switch the measurement direction, enabling measurements in the XY or YZ directions. This expands the measurement scope of gear measurement centers and significantly reduces probe manufacturing costs while ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The gear measuring center's dedicated automatic rotary probe includes a leaf spring frame unit, a rotary drive unit, and a counterweight balancing unit; The leaf spring frame unit is composed of a first leaf spring frame and a second leaf spring frame connected in series. The first leaf spring frame is a rectangular frame structure with a Y-direction fixed plate and a Y-direction movable plate arranged in parallel opposite directions. The fixed plate and the movable plate are connected by four sets of leaf springs and leaf spring pressure plates, and two parallel opposite Y-direction clamping plates. The fixed plate, the movable plate, and the two clamping plates together form a cuboid-shaped leaf spring frame. The second leaf spring frame is connected in series with the first leaf spring frame to realize the Y-direction linkage displacement of the second leaf spring frame. The second leaf spring frame adopts the same leaf spring structure to realize independent X-direction displacement. The probe connecting plate at the end of the second leaf spring frame is equipped with a probe with a ruby ​​probe ball. The rotary drive unit includes a fixed base, a bearing outer sleeve, a rotary shaft, a slewing base, an angle limiter, and a drive assembly. The bearing outer sleeve is rigidly connected to the cylindrical fixed base, and the inner wall of the bearing outer sleeve is provided with a bearing mounting groove. One end of the rotary shaft is rigidly connected to the slewing base of the first leaf spring frame, and the other end is equipped with a precision bearing. The angle limiter consists of an arc-shaped limiting groove on the bearing outer sleeve and a positioning pin on the rotary shaft, limiting the rotation angle range to 0 degrees to 90 degrees. The drive assembly uses a micro servo motor with a reducer to achieve precise control of the rotational motion.

[0005] The counterweight balancing unit is set on the X-direction clamp of the second leaf spring frame and includes: an adjustable counterweight block and a fine-tuning screw bracket. The position of the counterweight block along the Y-direction is adjusted by the screw so that when rotated to 90 degrees, the gravitational torque of the counterweight block and the self-weight torque of the probe are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, thereby achieving Z-direction force balance.

[0006] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The ruby ​​probe drives the moving plate of the second leaf spring measuring frame. The moving plate of the second leaf spring measuring frame moves relative to the fixed plate of the second leaf spring measuring frame through the leaf spring and connecting plate connected to it, realizing the measurement of one dimension. The second leaf spring measuring frame is connected in series with the first leaf spring measuring frame. The working principle of the first leaf spring measuring frame and the second leaf spring measuring frame is the same, realizing the measurement of another dimension, so that the special automatic rotary probe of the gear measuring center has two-dimensional measurement capability. The initial state is 0 degrees. The angle limiter positioning pin is engaged in the 0-degree groove, and the probe is in a horizontal state. The first and second leaf spring frames sense the displacement in the Y and X directions respectively, completing the XY plane measurement. After rotation switching to 90 degrees, after receiving the Z-direction measurement command, the servo motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the positioning pin slides along the limit groove to lock in the 90-degree groove. The original X-direction second leaf spring frame changes from horizontal to vertical, responsible for Z-direction displacement detection. The original Y-direction frame can maintain the Y-direction displacement after rotating along the Y-axis, together completing the YZ plane measurement. The counterweight balances the probe's own weight in real time.

[0007] Based on the above structural principles, the dedicated automatic rotary probe for gear measurement centers achieves the conversion from a 2D probe to a near-3D probe through mechanical rotation. It can perform measurements in the XY plane (tooth pitch, tooth profile error) and the YZ plane (tooth direction, axial runout) respectively, without the need to replace the probe. The counterweight structure offsets the measurement error caused by the self-weight in the Z direction after rotation. Combined with the low runout characteristics of precision bearings, it improves the repeatability of the probe, greatly reduces manufacturing costs, and is compatible with the existing installation interface of gear measurement centers, making modification difficult. The rotation switching time is fast, and it can achieve a fully automatic process in conjunction with the measurement center control system, greatly improving the inspection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure in this embodiment.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the 0-degree state measurement in this embodiment.

[0010] Figure 3 This is a 3D view of the 90-degree state measurement in this embodiment.

[0011] In the attached diagram, 1-fixed base, 2-bearing outer sleeve, 3-rotating shaft, 4-rotating seat, 5-servo motor, 6-motor plate, 7-bearing, 8-retaining ring, 9-pressure cover, 10-limiting block, 11-angle limiter, 12-Y-direction fixed plate, 13-Y-direction moving plate, 14-Y-direction clamping plate, 15-frame connecting plate, 16-leaf spring, 17-leaf spring pressure plate, 18-X-direction fixed plate, 19-probe connecting plate, 20-X-direction clamping plate, 21-fine-tuning screw bracket, 22-counterweight block. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only, representing schematic diagrams rather than actual physical objects, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0013] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0014] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, the gear measuring center's dedicated automatic rotary probe includes a leaf spring frame unit, a rotary drive unit, and a counterweight balancing unit. The leaf spring frame unit is composed of a first leaf spring frame (Y direction) and a second leaf spring frame (X direction) connected in series, including a Y direction fixed plate 12, a Y direction moving plate 13, a Y direction clamping plate 14, a frame connecting plate 15, a leaf spring 16, a leaf spring pressure plate 17, an X direction fixed plate 18, a probe connecting plate 19, and an X direction clamping plate 20. The first leaf spring frame is a rectangular frame structure with a Y-direction fixed plate 12 and a Y-direction movable plate 13 arranged in parallel opposite directions. The fixed plate and the movable plate are connected by four sets of leaf springs 16 and leaf spring pressure plates 17, and two parallel opposite Y-direction clamping plates 14. The X-direction fixed plate 18 of the second leaf spring frame is connected to the Y-direction movable plate 13 of the first leaf spring frame by a frame connecting plate 15, so as to realize the Y-direction linkage displacement of the second leaf spring frame. The X-direction fixed plate 18 of the second leaf spring frame is placed in parallel with the probe connecting plate 19. Two parallel opposite X-direction clamping plates 20 are connected by four sets of leaf springs 16 and leaf spring pressure plates 17 of the same structure, so as to realize the independent X-direction displacement. The probe connecting plate 19 is equipped with a probe with a ruby ​​probe ball. The rotary drive unit includes a fixed base 1, a bearing sleeve 2, a rotating shaft 3, a rotary seat 4, a servo motor 5, a motor plate 6, a bearing 7, a retaining ring 8, a pressure cover 9, a limit block 10, and an angle limiter 11. The bearing outer sleeve 2 is rigidly connected to the cylindrical fixed seat 1. The inner wall of the bearing outer sleeve 2 is provided with a bearing mounting groove. One end of the rotating shaft 3 is rigidly connected to the rotary seat 4, and the other end is equipped with a precision bearing 7. The angle limiter 11 consists of an arc-shaped limit groove opened on the bearing outer sleeve and a positioning pin on the rotating shaft 3, which limits the rotation angle range to 0 degrees to 90 degrees. The servo motor 5 is a micro servo motor with a reducer, which is fixed inside the fixed seat 1 through a motor plate. The motor shaft of the servo motor 5 is connected to the rotating shaft 3, which drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, thereby realizing precise control of the rotation action.

[0015] The counterweight balancing unit includes a fine-tuning screw bracket 21 and a counterweight block 22. The fine-tuning screw bracket 21 is set on the X-direction clamping plate 20 of the second leaf spring frame. The position of the counterweight block 22 along the Y direction is adjusted by the screw so that when rotated to 90 degrees, the gravitational torque of the counterweight block is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the self-weight torque of the probe, thereby achieving Z-direction force balance.

[0016] During measurement, the ruby ​​probe drives the Y-axis movable plate of the second leaf spring measuring frame. The Y-axis movable plate 13 of the second leaf spring measuring frame moves relative to the Y-axis fixed plate of the second leaf spring measuring frame through the leaf spring 16 connected to it, thereby realizing the measurement of one dimension. The second leaf spring measuring frame is connected in series with the first leaf spring measuring frame. The working principle of the first leaf spring measuring frame and the second leaf spring measuring frame is the same, thereby realizing the measurement of another dimension, enabling the special automatic rotary probe of the gear measuring center to have two-dimensional measurement capability. The initial state is 0 degrees. The positioning pin of the angle limiter 11 is inserted into the 0-degree slot, the probe is in a horizontal state, and the first and second leaf spring frames sense the displacement in the Y and X directions respectively to complete the XY plane measurement. After rotation switching to 90 degrees, upon receiving the Z-axis measurement command, the servo motor 5 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the positioning pin slides along the limit groove to lock in the 90-degree groove. The original X-axis second leaf spring frame changes from horizontal to vertical, responsible for Z-axis displacement detection. The original Y-axis frame can maintain Y-axis displacement after rotating along the Y-axis, together completing the YZ plane measurement. The counterweight block 22 balances the probe's own weight in real time.

[0017] Based on the above structural principles, the dedicated automatic rotary probe for gear measurement centers achieves the conversion from a 2D probe to a near-3D probe through mechanical rotation. It can perform measurements in the XY plane (tooth pitch, tooth profile error) and the YZ plane (tooth direction, axial runout) respectively, without the need to replace the probe. The counterweight structure offsets the measurement error caused by the self-weight in the Z direction after rotation. Combined with the low runout characteristics of precision bearings, it improves the repeatability of the probe, greatly reduces manufacturing costs, and is compatible with the existing installation interface of gear measurement centers, making modification difficult. The rotation switching time is fast, and it can achieve a fully automatic process in conjunction with the measurement center control system, greatly improving the inspection efficiency.

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic rotary probe for gear measuring centers, characterized in that... Includes leaf spring frame unit, rotary drive unit, and counterweight balancing unit; The leaf spring frame unit is composed of a first leaf spring frame and a second leaf spring frame connected in series. The first leaf spring frame is a rectangular frame structure with a Y-direction fixed plate and a Y-direction movable plate arranged in parallel opposite directions. The fixed plate and the movable plate are connected by four sets of leaf springs and leaf spring pressure plates, and two parallel opposite Y-direction clamping plates. The fixed plate, the movable plate, and the two clamping plates together form a cuboid-shaped leaf spring frame. The second leaf spring frame is connected in series with the first leaf spring frame to realize the Y-direction linkage displacement of the second leaf spring frame. The second leaf spring frame adopts the same leaf spring structure to realize independent X-direction displacement. The probe connecting plate at the end of the second leaf spring frame is equipped with a probe with a ruby ​​probe ball. The rotary drive unit includes a fixed base, a bearing outer sleeve, a rotary shaft, a slewing base, an angle limiter, and a drive assembly. The bearing outer sleeve is rigidly connected to the cylindrical fixed base, and the inner wall of the bearing outer sleeve is provided with a bearing mounting groove. One end of the rotary shaft is rigidly connected to the slewing base of the first leaf spring frame, and the other end is equipped with a precision bearing. The angle limiter consists of an arc-shaped limiting groove on the bearing outer sleeve and a positioning pin on the rotary shaft, limiting the rotation angle range to 0 degrees to 90 degrees. The drive assembly uses a miniature servo motor with a reducer. The counterweight balancing unit is set on the X-direction clamping plate of the second leaf spring frame, and includes: an adjustable counterweight block and a fine-tuning screw bracket. The position of the counterweight block along the Y-direction is adjusted by the screw so that when rotated to 90 degrees, the gravitational torque of the counterweight block and the self-weight torque of the probe are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, thereby achieving Z-direction force balancing.

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