Device for monitoring runoff and sediment yield of runoff plot

Abstract

The utility model provides a runoff plot runoff and sediment yield monitoring device belongs to the water and soil loss detection equipment field for solving the problem of overflow, monitoring interruption under the condition of big runoff total amount in prior art under extreme weather, including runoff plot, silt separating mechanism and water sample collection box, the utility model discloses the runoff pipe of different landfill depth through the communication of runoff plot side wall, can directly, respectively collect the water and sand mixture from the surface runoff and different upper soil flow, the first silt separator and second silt separator of stacking arrangement can utilize different aperture or structure, realize the step -by -step interception and classification of different particle size silt, through the fixed box of setting between the collection box main part and separating bucket main part, and provide the hemispherical fixed groove for separating bucket main part, realize the fixation of separating bucket main part, guarantee the continuity and integrity of data acquisition under extreme weather.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of soil and water loss detection equipment, and in particular relates to a runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots. Background Technology

[0002] Soil and water conservation monitoring is a key support for the prevention and control of human-caused soil erosion and the strong supervision of soil and water conservation. As a core indicator for measuring the degree of soil erosion and sediment deposition, accurate and efficient monitoring of sediment content is crucial. Currently, runoff plots remain the mainstream facility for obtaining this indicator. However, in the core step of sediment content determination—the separation and quantification of sediment in runoff samples—traditional manual methods still widely rely on, which suffer from systemic defects such as low efficiency, limited accuracy, and poor adaptability.

[0003] In existing technologies, sediment separation and quantification usually follow a cumbersome laboratory or field manual process: after collecting runoff samples, the measurement personnel need to manually stir the samples (usually a water-sand mixture) for a long time in order to achieve homogenization; then, manual sampling is carried out using tools such as graduated cylinders; and finally, the sediment content is indirectly calculated through a series of steps such as filtering with filter paper, drying in an oven, and weighing with a balance.

[0004] The core shortcomings of this method are concentrated in the following aspects: First, the separation and measurement efficiency is extremely low, the operation process is cumbersome and highly dependent on manual labor. From stirring, sampling, filtering, drying to weighing, each step requires the full participation of skilled personnel, and the numerous manual interventions easily introduce errors during stirring, filtering, and transfer, affecting the accuracy and consistency of the data and making it unsuitable for use in harsh environments. Second, the existing method reveals serious deficiencies in dealing with extreme weather events such as heavy rainfall and rainstorms. Extreme weather often induces high-intensity erosion, resulting in runoff events with large total runoff volume and high sediment content. On the one hand, the dramatic increase in sample volume increases the workload of subsequent stirring, filtering, and drying; on the other hand, the large and rapid runoff can easily cause the runoff collection tank or collection device to overflow in a short time. If it cannot be diverted or drained in a timely and automatic manner, it will not only cause sample loss but also directly lead to the complete failure of this monitoring mission, resulting in the loss of valuable extreme event data. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots, which solves the problems of cumbersome sediment separation steps and overflow and monitoring interruption caused by large runoff volume under extreme weather conditions in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, this utility model provides a runoff and sediment production monitoring device for a runoff plot, comprising a runoff plot, a sediment separation mechanism, and a water sample collection box; The sidewalls of the runoff area are connected to runoff pipes with different burial depths; The sediment separation mechanism includes a separation tank body and a sediment separation component disposed inside the separation tank body; the top of the separation tank body is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the end of the water inlet pipe away from the separation tank body is connected to a flow pipe; the bottom of the separation tank body is connected to a drain pipe; the sediment separation component includes a first sediment separator and a second sediment separator arranged in a stacked manner. The water sample collection box includes a collection box body and a fixed box that are connected vertically; the top wall of the fixed box is recessed inward to form a hemispherical fixing groove, and the fixing groove is fitted and fixed to the bottom wall of the separation bucket body; the fixing groove has a first through hole, which is used in conjunction with a drain pipe.

[0007] Optionally, the separation tank body includes a separation tank body and a separation tank lid, and the separation tank body and the separation tank lid are fixed by threads; The outer side of the lid of the separation barrel is provided with a rotating handle; the outer side of the barrel body is provided with a lifting handle.

[0008] Optionally, a diversion component is provided on the top inner side of the lid of the separation bucket, and the diversion component has an umbrella-shaped structure.

[0009] Optionally, the side wall of the separation tank is provided with an inwardly extending limiting protrusion, which is an annular protrusion.

[0010] Optionally, a connecting rod connects the first sediment separator and the second sediment separator, and the first sediment separator, the connecting rod, and the second sediment separator are sequentially and coaxially threaded together; a lifting ring is hinged to the top of the first sediment separator.

[0011] Optionally, the first sediment separator has a disc-shaped structure and a first annular groove.

[0012] Optionally, the second sediment separator has a disc-shaped structure and a second annular groove.

[0013] Optionally, both the first and second sediment separators have a sliding rod through hole in the middle. The sediment separation mechanism also includes a water storage and drainage assembly; the water storage and drainage assembly includes a lifting member, a connecting slide rod, and a sealing member that are threaded together from top to bottom; the connecting slide rod is used in conjunction with a slide rod through hole, and a float is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting slide rod near the sealing member; the sealing member is used in conjunction with the top of the drainage pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the drain pipe is equipped with a switch and a flow meter.

[0015] Optionally, an overflow pipe is connected to the top of the side wall of the main body of the collection box; a drain hole is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the main body of the collection box.

[0016] As described above, the runoff and sediment production monitoring device of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes runoff pipes connected to the sidewalls of runoff plots at different burial depths to directly and separately collect water-sediment mixtures from surface runoff and interflows from different upper soil layers. A double-layered sediment separation assembly achieves graded and efficient separation: the stacked first and second sediment separators, employing different apertures or structures, intercept and classify sediment of different particle sizes (e.g., coarse and fine sand) step-by-step, facilitating detailed sediment source analysis. A fixing box is added between the collection tank and the separation tank, providing a hemispherical fixing groove for the separation tank, thus securing it (a limiting plate can be installed circumferentially along the fixing groove to prevent shaking). The fixing box resists shaking or tilting caused by strong winds, ground micro-vibrations, or collisions with small animals, fundamentally preventing monitoring interruptions, sample leakage, or equipment damage due to the tank tipping over, ensuring the continuity and integrity of data collection under extreme weather conditions.

[0017] This utility model separates the main body of the separation bucket into a separation bucket body and a separation bucket lid, and fixes the separation bucket body and separation bucket lid with threads to facilitate opening and closing, which provides convenience for subsequent removal of the internal double-layer mud and sand separation components for mud and sand weighing, cleaning or replacement, and greatly simplifies field maintenance work: the rotating handle on the lid and the lifting handle on the bucket body facilitate the installation, transportation and opening of the device.

[0018] This invention adds a threaded connecting rod between the first and second sediment separators and sets a lifting ring on the top of the first sediment separator, which facilitates the lifting and removal of the entire sediment separation assembly and makes subsequent weighing and processing of the sediment easier.

[0019] This invention provides reliable installation and positioning for the internal separation components through an annular limiting protrusion within the separation tank, preventing displacement during operation. A connecting rod or sleeve is added between the first and second sediment separators to adjust the distance between them, accommodating separation tank bodies of varying heights. Furthermore, by creating a first annular groove on the first sediment separator and a second annular groove on the second sediment separator, the captured sediment is temporarily stored without significantly increasing water flow resistance, preventing the separated sediment from being stirred up by subsequent water flow and ensuring continuous and stable separation efficiency.

[0020] This invention uses an umbrella-shaped diverter inside the barrel lid to circumferentially disperse the water flow injected from the inlet pipe onto the first sediment separator, preventing the water flow from directly and continuously impacting the first sediment separator and causing local sediment accumulation, thus improving separation efficiency. The flow meter connected to the drain pipe can directly measure the volume of the discharged water flow, improving the integrity and reliability of the data. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sediment separation mechanism of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sediment separation mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the separation tank body of this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the sediment separation component and the water storage and drainage component of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water storage and drainage component of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water sample collection box of this utility model; Component designation explanation 1. Separator body; 101. Separator body; 102. Separator cover; 2. Sediment separation assembly; 201. First sediment separator; 202. Second sediment separator; 203. Connecting sleeve; 3. Storage and drainage assembly; 301. Lifting component; 302. Connecting slide rod; 303. Sealing component; 4. Inlet pipe; 5. Diverter; 6. Rotating handle; 7. Lifting handle; 8. Float; 9. Runoff zone; 901. Runoff pipe; 10. Collection box body; 1001. Overflow pipe; 11. Fixing box. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 7It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of this invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of this invention.

[0024] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This utility model provides a runoff and sediment production monitoring device for a runoff plot, including a runoff plot 9, a sediment separation mechanism and a water sample collection box; The sidewalls of the runoff area 9 are connected to runoff pipes 901 at different burial depths; the sediment separation mechanism includes a separation tank body 1 and a sediment separation component 2 disposed inside the separation tank body 1; the top of the separation tank body 1 is connected to a water inlet pipe 4, and the end of the water inlet pipe 4 away from the separation tank body 1 is connected to the runoff pipe 901; the bottom of the separation tank body 1 is connected to a drain pipe; the sediment separation component 2 includes a first sediment separator 201 and a second sediment separator 202 stacked together (here, the first sediment separator 201 and the second sediment separator 202 can be selected with different pore sizes of filter screens according to actual conditions, such as the filter screen pore size of the first sediment separator 201 being 0.5mm and the filter screen pore size of the second sediment separator 201 being 0.25mm, and no specific pore size of the filter screen is limited here); the water sample collection box includes a collection box body 10 and a fixed box 11 connected vertically; the top of the fixed box 11 The wall is recessed inward to form a hemispherical fixing groove, which is fixed to the bottom wall of the separation bucket body 1. The fixing groove has a first through hole, which is used in conjunction with a drainage pipe. This application can directly and separately collect water and sand mixtures from surface runoff and different upper soil runoffs by connecting runoff pipes 901 with different landfill depths on the side wall of the runoff area 9. The double-layered sediment separation components 2 achieve graded and efficient separation: the stacked first sediment separator 201 and second sediment separator 202 can use different apertures or structures to achieve step-by-step interception and classification of sediment of different particle sizes (such as coarse sand and fine sand), which helps to analyze the source of sediment. By adding a fixing box 11 between the collection box body 10 and the separation bucket body 1 and providing a hemispherical fixing groove for the separation bucket body 1, the separation bucket body 1 is fixed (a limiting plate can also be set along the circumference of the fixing groove to prevent the separation bucket body 1 from shaking, which is not shown in the figure). The addition of the fixed box 11 can resist the shaking or tilting caused by strong winds, ground micro-vibrations or collisions with small animals, fundamentally avoiding monitoring interruptions, sample leakage or equipment damage caused by the main body tipping over, and ensuring the continuity and integrity of data collection under extreme weather conditions.

[0026] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 The separation tank body 1 includes a separation tank body 101 and a separation tank lid 102, which are threaded together. A rotating handle 6 is provided on the outer side of the separation tank lid 102, and a lifting handle 7 is provided on the outer side of the separation tank body 101. This application separates the separation tank body 1 into a separation tank body 101 and a separation tank lid 102, and the separation tank body 101 and the separation tank lid 102 are threaded together to facilitate opening and closing. This provides convenience for the subsequent removal of the internal double-layer mud and sand separation component 2 for mud and sand weighing, cleaning or replacement, and greatly simplifies field maintenance work. The rotating handle 6 on the lid and the lifting handle 7 on the body facilitate the installation, transportation and opening of the device.

[0027] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 The top inner side of the separation tank cover 102 is provided with a diverter 5, which is an umbrella-shaped structure. In this application, the umbrella-shaped diverter 5 on the inner side of the separation tank cover 102 can circumferentially disperse the water flow injected by the water inlet pipe 4 to the first sediment separator 201, thereby avoiding the water flow from directly and continuously impacting the first sediment separator 201 and forming local sediment accumulation, thus improving the separation efficiency.

[0028] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 The separation tank body has an inwardly extending limiting protrusion on its side wall. The limiting protrusion is annular. This application can provide reliable installation and positioning for the internal separation components through the annular limiting protrusion in the separation tank body, preventing them from shifting during operation.

[0029] In this embodiment, a connecting rod connects the first sediment separator 201 and the second sediment separator 202, and the first sediment separator 201, the connecting rod, and the second sediment separator 202 are sequentially and coaxially threaded together. A lifting ring is hinged to the top of the first sediment separator 201. By adding a threaded connecting rod between the first sediment separator 201 and the second sediment separator 202 and setting a lifting ring on the top of the first sediment separator 201, this application facilitates the lifting and removal of the entire sediment separation assembly 2, which is convenient for the subsequent weighing and processing of sediment.

[0030] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 6 The first sediment separator 201 has a disc-shaped structure and a first annular groove. The second sediment separator 202 has a disc-shaped structure and a second annular groove. This application achieves temporary storage of captured sediment without significantly increasing water flow resistance by opening a first annular groove on the first sediment separator 201 and a second annular groove on the second sediment separator 202, thus preventing the separated sediment from being flushed up again by subsequent water flow and ensuring the continuous stability of separation efficiency.

[0031] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 2 to 6The first sediment separator 201 and the second sediment separator 202 are both provided with sliding rod through holes in the middle. The sediment separation mechanism also includes a water storage and drainage assembly 3. The water storage and drainage assembly 3 includes a lifting member 301, a connecting sliding rod 302 and a sealing member 303 connected in sequence from top to bottom. The connecting sliding rod 302 is used in conjunction with the sliding rod through hole, and a float 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting sliding rod 302 near the sealing member 303. The sealing member 303 is used in conjunction with the top of the drainage pipe. A connecting sleeve 203 is provided between the first sediment separator 201 and the second sediment separator 202. The connecting sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the connecting sliding rod 302. This application realizes "storage of small flows and self-drainage of large flows" through the water storage and drainage assembly 3: when the rainfall is small and the total runoff is small, the sealing member 303 of the water storage and drainage assembly 3 is pressed against and closed by gravity, so that the separation tank body 1 is used as a water storage tank. When rainfall and runoff are heavy, the water level inside the main body 1 of the separator rises. The increased buoyancy lifts the float 8, causing the seal 303 to move away from the top of the drain pipe, automatically opening the drain and preventing overflow from interrupting monitoring. The threaded lifting member 301, the connecting slide rod 302, and the seal 303 constitute a reliable transmission mechanism.

[0032] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 7 The drain pipe is equipped with a switch and a flow meter, and the top of the side wall of the collection box body 10 is connected to an overflow pipe 1001; the bottom of the side wall of the collection box body 10 is provided with a drain hole (which is closed during use and opened when the sample needs to be poured out). This application can directly measure the volume of the discharged water flow by means of a flow meter connected to the drain pipe, which improves the integrity and reliability of the data. The addition of the collection box body 10 increases the total amount of runoff sample collected, and the addition of the overflow pipe 1001 can avoid the interruption of the monitoring of the whole device.

[0033] In summary, this utility model overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art.

[0034] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A runoff and sediment yield monitoring device for runoff plots, characterized in that: This includes runoff zones, sediment separation facilities, and water sample collection boxes; The sidewalls of the runoff area are connected to runoff pipes with different burial depths; The sediment separation mechanism includes a separation tank body and a sediment separation component disposed inside the separation tank body; the top of the separation tank body is connected to a water inlet pipe, and the end of the water inlet pipe away from the separation tank body is connected to a flow pipe; the bottom of the separation tank body is connected to a drain pipe; the sediment separation component includes a first sediment separator and a second sediment separator arranged in a stacked manner. The water sample collection box includes a collection box body and a fixed box that are connected vertically; the top wall of the fixed box is recessed inward to form a hemispherical fixing groove, and the fixing groove is fitted and fixed to the bottom wall of the separation bucket body; the fixing groove has a first through hole, which is used in conjunction with a drain pipe.

2. The runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the separation tank includes a separation tank body and a separation tank cover, which are fixed together by threads. The outer side of the lid of the separation barrel is provided with a rotating handle; the outer side of the barrel body is provided with a lifting handle.

3. The runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 2, characterized in that: A diverter is provided on the inner top of the lid of the separation tank, and the diverter has an umbrella-shaped structure.

4. The runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 2, characterized in that: The separation tank has an inwardly extending limiting protrusion on its side wall, and the limiting protrusion is an annular protrusion.

5. The runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod connects the first sediment separator and the second sediment separator, and the first sediment separator, the connecting rod, and the second sediment separator are sequentially and coaxially threaded together; a lifting ring is hinged to the top of the first sediment separator.

6. The runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sediment separator has a disc-shaped structure and a first annular groove.

7. The runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sediment separator has a disc-shaped structure and a second annular groove.

8. The runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first and second sediment separators have sliding rod through holes in their middle sections. The sediment separation mechanism also includes a water storage and drainage assembly; the water storage and drainage assembly includes a lifting member, a connecting slide rod, and a sealing member that are threaded together from top to bottom; the connecting slide rod is used in conjunction with a slide rod through hole, and a float is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting slide rod near the sealing member; the sealing member is used in conjunction with the top of the drainage pipe.

9. The runoff and sediment production monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drain pipe is equipped with a switch and a flow meter.

10. The runoff and sediment yield monitoring device for runoff plots according to claim 1, characterized in that: An overflow pipe is connected to the top of the side wall of the main body of the collection box; a drain hole is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the main body of the collection box.

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