A defect detection apparatus for a PCB

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of defect detection technique discloses a kind of defect detection device for PCB, including conveyor belt body;Adjusting mechanism, in the bottom surface of the conveyor belt main body;Two guide components, symmetrically in the top of the adjusting mechanism, and respectively with adjusting mechanism connection;Detection mechanism, including being located in the top surface of the conveyor belt body support frame, the top of support frame is provided with pneumatic cylinder, the output of the pneumatic cylinder is through the support frame, and the output of pneumatic cylinder is provided with detection camera;The utility model can significantly improve the accuracy and working efficiency of PCB board defect detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of defect detection technology, and specifically to a defect detection device for PCBs. Background Technology

[0002] PCB, or Printed Circuit Board, is an important electronic component. It serves as the support for electronic components and the carrier for their electrical connections. Because it is the board used to construct electronic circuits, it is called a "printed" circuit board.

[0003] In the PCB manufacturing process, inspection devices are needed to accurately and efficiently detect potential issues such as missing components and incomplete soldering to ensure compliance with design specifications, performance requirements, and quality standards. In recent years, vision-based target detection algorithms have developed rapidly, providing new methods for PCB defect detection and achieving excellent results. However, existing equipment struggles to accurately guide PCBs, preventing them from automatically and precisely moving under the imaging device during assembly line operations. This severely impacts the inspection effectiveness and efficiency of vision-based solutions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a defect detection device for PCBs to overcome the problems existing in the prior art. This invention can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of PCB defect detection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: This utility model provides a defect detection device for PCBs, comprising: Conveyor belt body; An adjustment mechanism is located on the bottom surface of the conveyor belt body; Two guide components are symmetrically arranged on the top of the adjustment mechanism and are respectively connected to the adjustment mechanism; The detection mechanism includes a support frame disposed on the top surface of the conveyor belt body, a cylinder disposed on the top of the support frame, the output end of the cylinder passing through the support frame, and a detection camera disposed on the output end of the cylinder; In some embodiments, the adjustment mechanism includes: An installation sleeve is provided on the bottom surface of the conveyor belt body; A guide rod is located on the inner side of the mounting sleeve; An AC motor is located on the rear surface of the mounting sleeve; A bidirectional lead screw is rotatably disposed inside the mounting sleeve, and the rear end of the bidirectional lead screw is disposed on the output end of the AC motor; Two clearance holes are respectively opened on the front and rear surfaces of the mounting sleeve; Two movable plates are slidably disposed between the outer sides of the guide rod and the bidirectional lead screw; Two connecting rods are respectively located on the side of the two movable plates near the clearance hole, and the two guide components are respectively connected to the two connecting rods; In some embodiments, the inner side of the movable plate is threadedly connected to the outer side of the bidirectional lead screw; In some embodiments, the connecting rod is U-shaped; In some embodiments, the connecting rod is located inside the clearance hole; In some embodiments, the guiding component includes: A guide plate is located at the end of the connecting rod away from the mounting sleeve; A number of clearance grooves are evenly distributed on the inner side of the guide plate; A number of rotating slots are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the inner side of the number of clearance slots; A number of rolling elements are rotatably disposed inside a number of the relief grooves; In some embodiments, the rolling element includes: A connecting shaft is rotatably disposed between the inner sides of a set of rotating slots, and the dimensions of the connecting shaft and the rotating slots are matched. A guide roller is located on the outside of the connecting shaft, and the outside of the guide roller contacts the inside of the relief groove. In some embodiments, the testing apparatus further includes: A support plate is provided at the output end of the cylinder, and the detection camera is provided on the bottom surface of the support plate; A sensing sensor is disposed on the bottom surface of the support plate; A communication module is located on the inner side of the support frame; In some embodiments, the sensing sensor is located on one side of the detection camera; In some embodiments, both the sensing sensor and the communication module are electrically connected to the detection camera.

[0006] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: This utility model provides a defect detection device for PCBs. The guide assembly can guide the PCB board through the guide plate, so that the PCB board can be accurately positioned below the detection mechanism. At the same time, under the action of the rolling element of the guide assembly, it can effectively prevent the guide plate from causing excessive wear on the PCB board. Furthermore, under the action of the adjustment mechanism, the distance between the two guide assemblies can be adjusted, so that the detection device can adapt to the guidance requirements of PCB boards of different specifications, significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of PCB board defect detection. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a defect detection device for PCBs according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism structure shown in some embodiments according to this specification; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide assembly structure according to some embodiments of this specification; Figure 4 As shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism structure shown in some embodiments according to this specification; In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1. Conveyor belt body; 2. Adjusting mechanism; 21. Mounting sleeve; 22. Guide rod; 23. AC motor; 24. Bidirectional lead screw; 25. Clearance hole; 26. Moving plate; 27. Connecting rod; 3. Guide assembly; 31. Guide plate; 32. Clearance groove; 33. Rotating groove; 34. Rolling element; 341. Connecting shaft; 342. Guide roller; 4. Detection mechanism; 41. Support frame; 42. Cylinder; 43. Support plate; 44. Detection camera; 45. Sensing sensor; 46. Communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0008] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0009] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0010] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0011] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0012] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0013] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0014] Example: The purpose of this invention is to provide a defect detection device for PCBs, which overcomes the technical problem that existing equipment is unable to accurately guide PCBs, resulting in the PCBs not being able to automatically and accurately move under the imaging device during assembly line operations, which seriously affects the visual detection effect and work efficiency. This invention can significantly improve the accuracy and work efficiency of PCB defect detection.

[0015] Figure 1This is a structural schematic diagram of a defect detection device for PCBs according to some embodiments of this specification. The defect detection device for PCBs includes: a conveyor belt body 1, an adjustment mechanism 2, a guide assembly 3, and a detection mechanism 4. The adjustment mechanism 2 is located on the bottom surface of the conveyor belt body 1; two guide components 3 are symmetrically located on the top of the adjustment mechanism 2 and are respectively connected to the adjustment mechanism 2; the detection mechanism 4 includes a support frame 41 located on the top surface of the conveyor belt body 1, a cylinder 42 is provided on the top of the support frame 41, the output end of the cylinder 42 passes through the support frame 41, and a detection camera 44 is provided on the output end of the cylinder 42. In this embodiment, several preferred embodiments of a PCB inspection device are provided. The PCB board can be transported by the conveyor belt body 1, and the PCB board can be guided by two guide components 3, so as to ensure that the PCB board is located below the inspection mechanism 4, so that the inspection mechanism 4 can better inspect the PCB board. Furthermore, under the action of the adjustment mechanism 2, the distance between the two guide components 3 can be adjusted, so that the two guide components 3 can guide PCB boards of different specifications.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism structure according to some embodiments of this specification. In some embodiments, the adjustment mechanism 2 includes: a mounting sleeve 21 disposed on the bottom surface of the conveyor belt body 1; a guide rod 22 disposed on the inner side of the mounting sleeve 21; an AC motor 23 disposed on the rear surface of the mounting sleeve 21; a bidirectional lead screw 24 rotatably disposed on the inner side of the mounting sleeve 21, with the rear end of the bidirectional lead screw 24 disposed on the output end of the AC motor 23; two clearance holes 25 respectively opened on the front and rear surfaces of the mounting sleeve 21; two movable plates 26 slidably disposed between the outer sides of the guide rod 22 and the bidirectional lead screw 24; and two connecting rods 27 respectively disposed on the side of the two movable plates 26 near the clearance holes 25, with the two guide components 3 respectively connected to the two connecting rods 27. Preferably, the inner side of the movable plate 26 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the bidirectional lead screw 24; Preferably, the connecting rod 27 is U-shaped; Preferably, the connecting rod 27 is located inside the relief hole 25; In this embodiment, several preferred embodiments of the adjustment mechanism 2 are given. The bidirectional lead screw 24 is driven to rotate by the AC motor 23. The rotating bidirectional lead screw 24 will drive the two moving plates 26 located outside the guide rod 22 to move. Under the action of the two moving plates 26, the guide assembly 3 will be adjusted through the connecting rod 27, so that the two guide assemblies 3 can guide PCB boards of different specifications.

[0017] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the guide assembly structure shown in some embodiments of this specification is provided. In some embodiments, the guide assembly 3 includes: a guide plate 31 disposed at the end of the connecting rod 27 away from the mounting sleeve 21; a plurality of clearance grooves 32 evenly distributed on the inner side of the guide plate 31; a plurality of rotating grooves 33 symmetrically disposed in pairs on the inner side of the plurality of clearance grooves 32; and a plurality of rolling elements 34 rotatably disposed on the inner side of the plurality of clearance grooves 32.

[0018] Figure 4 As shown in some embodiments of this specification Figure 3 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of A shows that, in some embodiments, the rolling element 34 includes: a connecting shaft 341, rotatably disposed between the inner sides of a set of rotating grooves 33, the connecting shaft 341 being sized to match the rotating grooves 33; and a guide roller 342, disposed outside the connecting shaft 341, the outer side of the guide roller 342 contacting the inner side of the clearance groove 32. Preferably, the guide plate 31 can be a rectangular guide plate or an L-shaped guide plate. The L-shaped guide plate can make the guide plate 31 guide the PCB board better. In this embodiment, several preferred embodiments of the guide assembly 3 are given. The guide plate 31 can guide the PCB board, thereby ensuring that the PCB board is located below the detection mechanism 4, so that the detection mechanism 4 can better detect the PCB board. The clearance groove 32 and the rotation groove 33 opened on the guide plate 31 allow the rolling element 34 to rotate between the inner sides of the clearance groove 32 and the rotation groove 33. When the PCB board is conveyed on the conveyor belt body 1, the outer side of the PCB board will contact the rolling element 34 on the inner side of the guide plate 31 of the two guide assemblies 3. In this way, the PCB board will not contact the outer side of the guide plate 31 when it moves, thereby avoiding excessive wear of the PCB board by the guide plate 31.

[0019] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the detection mechanism structure shown in some embodiments of this specification. In some embodiments, the detection mechanism 4 further includes: a support plate 43 disposed at the output end of the cylinder 42; a detection camera 44 disposed on the bottom surface of the support plate 43; a sensing sensor 45 disposed on the bottom surface of the support plate 43; and a communication module 46 disposed on the inner side of the support frame 41. Preferably, the sensing sensor 45 is located on one side of the detection camera 44; Preferably, the sensing sensor 45 and the communication module 46 are both electrically connected to the detection camera (44), and the communication module 46 is electrically connected to other image difference detection algorithm devices; In this embodiment, several preferred embodiments of the detection mechanism 4 are provided. When the PCB board on the conveyor belt body 1 moves below the sensor 45, the sensor 45 senses the PCB board and transmits a signal to the detection camera 44, causing the camera 44 to take a picture of the PCB board. The camera 44 then transmits the picture to the communication module 46, which in turn transmits it to the computer, thus achieving the purpose of PCB defect detection. In the computer, the captured PCB board picture is compared with a perfect PCB picture using our designed image difference comparison algorithm to identify and label missing or faulty parts of the PCB.

[0020] The structure and working principle of this utility model will be further explained below: The purpose of this invention is to provide a defect detection device for PCBs. When using this device, the PCB board is conveyed by the conveyor belt body 1. During conveying, two guide components 3 guide the PCB board, ensuring it is positioned below the detection mechanism 4, allowing the detection mechanism 4 to better inspect the PCB board. The spacing between the two guide components 3 can be adjusted by the adjusting mechanism 2, enabling them to guide PCBs of different specifications. An AC motor 23 drives a bidirectional lead screw 24 to rotate, which in turn moves two moving plates 26 located outside the guide rod 22. These moving plates 26, through the connecting rod 27, adjust the guide components 3, allowing them to guide PCBs of different specifications. The guide plate 31 guides the PCB board, ensuring it is positioned below the detection mechanism. Below the structure 4, the inspection mechanism 4 can better inspect the PCB board. The clearance groove 32 and rotation groove 33 opened on the guide plate 31 allow the rolling element 34 to rotate between the inner sides of the clearance groove 32 and rotation groove 33. When the PCB board is conveyed on the conveyor belt body 1, the outer side of the PCB board will contact the rolling element 34 on the inner side of the guide plate 31 of the two guide components 3. In this way, the PCB board will not contact the outer side of the guide plate 31 when it moves, thereby avoiding excessive wear of the PCB board by the guide plate 31. When the PCB board on the conveyor belt body 1 moves below the sensor 45, the sensor 45 senses the PCB board and then transmits a signal to the inspection camera 44, so that the inspection camera 44 will take a picture of the PCB board. Then the inspection camera 44 will transmit the picture of the PCB board to the communication module 46, and the communication module 46 will transmit the picture of the PCB board to the computer, thereby achieving the purpose of PCB defect detection.

[0021] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of this utility model and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications made to the technical solutions based on the technical concept proposed by this utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A defect detection device for PCBs, characterized in that, include: Conveyor belt body (1); An adjustment mechanism (2) is provided on the bottom surface of the conveyor belt body (1); Two guide components (3) are symmetrically arranged on the top of the adjustment mechanism (2) and are respectively connected to the adjustment mechanism (2); The detection mechanism (4) includes a support frame (41) disposed on the top surface of the conveyor belt body (1), a cylinder (42) is disposed on the top of the support frame (41), the output end of the cylinder (42) passes through the support frame (41), and a detection camera (44) is disposed on the output end of the cylinder (42).

2. The defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (2) includes: Mounting sleeve (21) is provided on the bottom surface of the conveyor belt body (1); Guide rod (22) is located on the inner side of the mounting sleeve (21); An AC motor (23) is disposed on the rear surface of the mounting sleeve (21); A bidirectional lead screw (24) is rotatably disposed inside the mounting sleeve (21), and the rear end of the bidirectional lead screw (24) is disposed on the output end of the AC motor (23); Two clearance holes (25) are respectively opened on the front and rear surfaces of the mounting sleeve (21); Two movable plates (26) are slidably disposed between the outer sides of the guide rod (22) and the bidirectional lead screw (24); Two connecting rods (27) are respectively located on the side of the two movable plates (26) near the relief hole (25), and the two guide components (3) are respectively connected to the two connecting rods (27).

3. A defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner side of the movable plate (26) is threadedly connected to the outer side of the bidirectional lead screw (24).

4. A defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (27) is U-shaped.

5. A defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (27) is located inside the relief hole (25).

6. A defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guiding component (3) includes: A guide plate (31) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (27) away from the mounting sleeve (21); A number of clearance grooves (32) are evenly distributed on the inner side of the guide plate (31); A number of rotating grooves (33) are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the inner side of the number of clearance grooves (32); A number of rolling elements (34) are rotatably disposed inside a number of the relief grooves (32).

7. A defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rolling element (34) includes: A connecting shaft (341) is rotatably disposed between the inner sides of a set of rotating grooves (33), and the dimensions of the connecting shaft (341) and the rotating grooves (33) are matched. The guide roller (342) is located on the outside of the connecting shaft (341), and the outside of the guide roller (342) contacts the inside of the relief groove (32).

8. A defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing organization (4) also includes: A support plate (43) is provided at the output end of the cylinder (42), and the detection camera (44) is provided on the bottom surface of the support plate (43); A sensing sensor (45) is disposed on the bottom surface of the support plate (43); The communication module (46) is located inside the support frame (41).

9. A defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sensing sensor (45) is located on one side of the detection camera (44).

10. A defect detection device for PCBs according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the sensing sensor (45) and the communication module (46) are electrically connected to the detection camera (44).

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