An automatic detection mechanism for PCB

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of automatic detection mechanism of PCB circuit board belongs to circuit board detection technical field, including detection box, still including moving assembly, still including rotating assembly;The side of the detection box is equipped with import and export;The moving assembly includes moving frame, the bottom middle fixed mounting of the moving frame is equipped with moving seat, the moving seat is installed on the surface of screw rod, the both ends of the screw rod are rotatably installed in two groups of mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly connected with bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixedly installed in the bottom of import and export;The utility model is moved to detection box interior by setting moving assembly for detection to the utility model by setting moving assembly, simple structure, it is convenient and practical, can automatically circuit board ontology, and after being completed after setting rotating assembly, image acquisition can be carried out to circuit board ontology, thereby to its reverse side carries out image acquisition, greatly improves detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit board testing technology, specifically to an automatic testing mechanism for PCB circuit boards. Background Technology

[0002] PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards) are the core carriers of electronic components, enabling electrical connections between them, and are widely used in various electronic devices such as mobile phones, automotive electronics, and servers. PCB appearance inspection, as a critical quality control step in the manufacturing process, primarily utilizes automated optical inspection (AOI) to comprehensively examine the PCB substrate and copper layer, circuitry and pads, solder mask and silkscreen layers, and hole structures. AOI equipment uses high-resolution cameras to acquire images of the PCB surface, and combines computer vision and image processing technologies to perform pixel-level comparison and analysis between the acquired images and preset standard qualified images, enabling efficient and accurate detection of PCB appearance defects.

[0003] In automated optical inspection, operators typically place the circuit board manually on a fixed inspection table, move it under the image acquisition module, and first acquire an image of its front side. Then, the circuit board is removed, flipped over, and the image of its back side is acquired. This process is inefficient, and the existing technology has not solved this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic inspection mechanism for PCB circuit boards. By setting a moving component, the circuit board body can be automatically moved into the inspection box for inspection. By setting a rotating component, the circuit board body can be automatically flipped after the front image of the circuit board body is acquired, so as to acquire the image of its back side, which greatly improves the inspection efficiency and solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: An automatic inspection mechanism for PCB circuit boards includes an inspection box, a moving component, and a rotating component. The testing box has an inlet and outlet on one side; The movable component includes a movable frame, a movable seat is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the movable frame, the movable seat is installed on the surface of the lead screw, the two ends of the lead screw are rotatably installed on two sets of mounting seats, the mounting seats are fixedly connected to the base plate, and the base plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inlet and outlet. The rotating assembly includes a telescopic clamp and a rotating clamp, which are respectively clamped on both sides of the circuit board body. The telescopic clamp is fixedly connected to one end of a sliding rod, the sliding rod is slidably connected to one side of a moving frame, and the rotating clamp is rotatably connected to the other side of the moving frame. The rotating clamp is driven by the output end of a rotary motor through a rotating shaft.

[0006] Preferably, one end of the lead screw is connected to the output end of the mobile motor, and the mobile motor is fixedly mounted on the mounting base.

[0007] Preferably, two sets of guide rods are provided on both sides of the lead screw, and the two ends of the guide rods are fixedly connected to the base plate.

[0008] Preferably, a guide seat is slidably mounted on the surface of the guide rod, and the guide seat is fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the movable frame.

[0009] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixedly installed at the other end of the sliding rod, and a spring is slidably sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod. One end of the spring abuts against the telescopic clamping block, and the other end of the spring abuts against the movable frame.

[0010] Preferably, the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the movable frame via a mounting bracket, and one side of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting slider is fixedly installed at the other end of the connecting rod, the limiting slider is slidably engaged with the arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped groove is opened on the other side of the movable frame.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model features a simple and convenient structure with a movable component that automatically moves the circuit board into the testing chamber for inspection. Furthermore, by incorporating a rotating component, it automatically flips the circuit board after front-side image acquisition, allowing for image acquisition from its reverse side, significantly improving inspection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mobile component structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Testing box; 2. Inlet / outlet; 3. Moving frame; 4. Moving seat; 5. Lead screw; 6. Mounting seat; 7. Base plate; 8. Telescopic clamp; 9. Rotating clamp; 10. Circuit board body; 11. Sliding rod; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Rotary motor; 14. Moving motor; 15. Guide rod; 16. Guide seat; 17. Limiting plate; 18. Spring; 19. Mounting frame; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Limiting slider; 22. Arc groove. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Please see Figures 1-3 This utility model provides a technical solution: An automatic inspection mechanism for PCB circuit boards includes an inspection box 1 with an inlet / outlet 2 on one side. The inspection box 1 mainly comprises four core modules. First, an image acquisition module: a high-resolution industrial camera is installed inside the inspection box 1, equipped with a fixed-focus or zoom industrial lens (with autofocus and distortion correction functions to ensure clear imaging). Simultaneously, a ring-shaped LED light source (using a high color rendering index light source with adjustable brightness) is arranged below the camera. The light source uniformly illuminates the surface of the circuit board through diffuse reflection or coaxial light, eliminating shadows and reflection interference, ensuring clear imaging of details such as PCB lines, pads, and vias. Second, an image transmission module: the camera is connected to an image acquisition card via a gigabit network, and the acquisition card is fixed to... The industrial control host integrated in the inspection box 1 is responsible for converting the analog image signals captured by the camera into digital signals and transmitting them to the host at high speed to avoid data loss or delay. Next is the data processing and control module. The industrial control host installed in the inspection box 1 has built-in machine vision algorithm software, which can perform grayscale conversion, filtering, edge detection, template matching, and other processing on the acquired images. It compares the actual image with a standard template to determine whether the circuit board body 10 has defects such as broken circuits, pad misalignment, or foreign matter residue. Simultaneously, the host is linked with the moving and rotating components through a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) to control the entry and exit speed of the moving frame 3 and the rotation timing of the rotating components in real time, ensuring automated connection of the inspection process.

[0017] By setting up the inspection box 1, the surface of the circuit board body 10 can be inspected. The inspection box 1 integrates modules such as image acquisition, transmission, processing and control. It acquires images of the circuit board surface through a high-resolution camera, and compares them with a standard template using machine vision algorithms to accurately detect whether there are defects in the circuit board. At the same time, it coordinates and controls the operation of external components to ensure that the inspection process is carried out in an orderly manner.

[0018] It also includes a moving component, which includes a moving frame 3. A moving seat 4 is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom of the moving frame 3. The moving seat 4 is installed on the surface of the lead screw 5. The two ends of the lead screw 5 are rotatably installed on two sets of mounting seats 6. The mounting seats 6 are fixedly connected to the base plate 7. The base plate 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inlet and outlet 2. One end of the lead screw 5 is connected to the output end of the moving motor 14. The moving motor 14 is fixedly installed on the mounting seat 6. Two sets of guide rods 15 are provided on both sides of the lead screw 5. The two ends of the guide rods 15 are fixedly connected to the base plate 7. Guide seats 16 are slidably installed on the surface of the guide rods 15. The guide seats 16 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the moving frame 3.

[0019] By setting up a moving assembly, the circuit board body 10 and the rotating assembly can be moved. In the moving assembly, the moving frame 3 serves as a bearing base, used to install the rotating assembly and place the circuit board body 10; the moving seat 4 is fixed in the middle of the bottom of the moving frame 3 and is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 5, converting the rotational motion of the lead screw 5 into the linear motion of the moving frame 3; the two ends of the lead screw 5 are rotatably mounted on the base plate 7 through the mounting seats 6, which is the core transmission component driving the movement of the moving frame 3; the mounting seats 6 support and fix the lead screw 5 to ensure its stable rotation; the base plate 7 is fixed at the bottom of the inlet and outlet 2 of the detection box 1, providing an installation platform for the entire moving assembly; the moving motor 14 is fixed on the mounting seat 6, providing power for the rotation of the lead screw 5; the guide rods 15 on both sides of the lead screw 5 are slidably engaged with the guide seats 16 on both sides of the bottom of the moving frame 3, limiting the movement direction of the moving frame 3, preventing it from deviating, and ensuring the smoothness of the movement process.

[0020] It also includes a rotating assembly, which includes a telescopic clamp 8 and a rotating clamp 9. The telescopic clamp 8 and the rotating clamp 9 are respectively clamped on both sides of the circuit board body 10. The telescopic clamp 8 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod 11, the sliding rod 11 is slidably connected to one side of the moving frame 3, and the rotating clamp 9 is rotatably connected to the other side of the moving frame 3. The rotating clamp 9 is driven by the output end of the rotary motor 13 through the rotating shaft 12. A limit plate 17 is fixedly installed on the other end of the sliding rod 11, and a spring 18 is slidably sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod 11. One end of the spring 18 abuts against the telescopic clamp 8, and the other end of the spring 18 abuts against the movable frame 3. The rotary motor 13 is fixedly connected to the movable frame 3 through the mounting bracket 19. One side of the rotating shaft 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 20. The other end of the connecting rod 20 is fixedly installed with a limit slider 21. The limit slider 21 slides with the arc groove 22. The arc groove 22 is opened on the other side of the movable frame 3. Sensors are installed at the two apex positions of the arc groove 22. The sensors and the rotary motor 13 are electrically connected to the PLC, and the rotary motor 13 has a self-locking function.

[0021] By setting a rotating component, the circuit board body 10 can be automatically flipped. The telescopic clamp 8 cooperates with the rotating clamp 9 to clamp the circuit board body 10 from both sides, thus fixing the circuit board body 10. One end of the sliding rod 11 is connected to the telescopic clamp 8, and the other end passes through the moving frame 3 and is fitted with a limiting plate 17. This allows the telescopic clamp 8 to slide laterally, while the limiting plate 17 prevents the sliding rod 11 from detaching from the moving frame 3. The spring 18 is sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod 11, with both ends abutting against the telescopic clamp 8 and the moving frame 3 respectively. It uses elastic force to push the telescopic clamp 8, ensuring a stable clamping of the circuit board body 10. The rotating clamp 9 is rotatably connected to the moving frame 3 and receives power from the rotary motor 13 through the rotating shaft 12, driving the circuit board body 10 to flip. The rotary motor 13 is fixed to the moving frame 3 through the mounting bracket 19, providing driving force for the flipping of the circuit board body 10. The connecting rod 20 on one side of the rotating shaft 12 is connected to the limiting slider 21, limiting the rotation of the circuit board body 10. The position slider 21 slides along the arc groove 22 on the moving frame 3, guiding and limiting the rotation of the rotating clamp 9 to ensure the stability of the flipping process. The sensor's function is to precisely control the flipping angle and start / stop timing of the circuit board body 10. When the rotating clamp 9 drives the circuit board body 10 to flip, the connecting rod 20 on one side of the rotating shaft 12 will carry the position slider 21 to slide along the arc groove 22. When the position slider 21 slides from one vertex of the arc groove 22 to another vertex, the sensor at that position will trigger a signal and transmit the signal to the PLC. After receiving the sensor signal, the PLC will immediately control the rotary motor 13 to stop, ensuring that the circuit board body 10 flips exactly 180°. The self-locking function of the rotary motor 13 can keep the output shaft in a fixed state when the rotary motor 13 is powered off or stops running, and will not rotate due to external force. Its core function is to ensure the stability of the circuit board body 10 during the detection process.

[0022] In practical use, move the device to the designated position, connect the power supply and start the equipment. First, pull the sliding rod 11 connected to the telescopic clamp 8 outward to place the circuit board body 10 between the telescopic clamp 8 and the rotating clamp 9. Release the sliding rod 11. Under the elastic force of the spring 18, the telescopic clamp 8 and the rotating clamp 9 cooperate to firmly clamp the circuit board body 10. Then, start the moving motor 14. The moving motor 14 drives the lead screw 5 to rotate, causing the moving seat 4 to move the moving frame 3. The guide seats 16 on both sides of the bottom of the moving frame 3 slide along the guide rod 15 to ensure smooth movement until the moving frame 3 carries the circuit board body 10 through the inlet and outlet 2 of the detection box 1 and enters the detection box 1. Inside the testing box 1, the image acquisition module acquires images of the front of the circuit board body 10. After acquisition, the rotary motor 13 is started. The rotary motor 13 drives the rotary clamp 9 to rotate through the rotating shaft 12. At the same time, the connecting rod 20 on one side of the rotating shaft 12 drives the limit slider 21 to slide along the arc groove 22 to ensure rotational stability. The rotating clamp 9 drives the circuit board body 10 to rotate 180°. Then the image acquisition module acquires images of the back of the circuit board body 10. After the back acquisition is completed, the moving motor 14 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the moving frame 3 and the circuit board body 10 to move out of the testing box 1. Finally, the sliding rod 11 is pulled again to remove the tested circuit board body 10.

[0023] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic inspection mechanism for PCB circuit boards, comprising an inspection box (1), characterized in that: It also includes moving components and rotating components; The testing box (1) has an inlet and outlet (2) on one side; The moving component includes a moving frame (3), a moving seat (4) is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom of the moving frame (3), the moving seat (4) is installed on the surface of the lead screw (5), the two ends of the lead screw (5) are rotatably installed on two sets of mounting seats (6), the mounting seats (6) are fixedly connected to the base plate (7), and the base plate (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inlet and outlet (2); The rotating assembly includes a telescopic clamp (8) and a rotating clamp (9). The telescopic clamp (8) and the rotating clamp (9) are respectively clamped on both sides of the circuit board body (10). The telescopic clamp (8) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod (11). The sliding rod (11) is slidably connected to one side of the moving frame (3). The rotating clamp (9) is rotatably connected to the other side of the moving frame (3). The rotating clamp (9) is driven by the output end of the rotating motor (13) through the rotating shaft (12).

2. The automatic detection mechanism for a PCB circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the lead screw (5) is connected to the output end of the moving motor (14), and the moving motor (14) is fixedly installed on the mounting base (6).

3. The automatic detection mechanism for a PCB circuit board according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sets of guide rods (15) are provided on both sides of the lead screw (5), and the two ends of the guide rods (15) are fixedly connected to the base plate (7).

4. The automatic detection mechanism for a PCB circuit board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide rod (15) is slidably mounted with a guide seat (16), which is fixedly mounted on both sides of the bottom of the movable frame (3).

5. The automatic detection mechanism for a PCB circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the sliding rod (11) is fixedly installed with a limiting plate (17), and a spring (18) is slidably sleeved on the surface of the sliding rod (11). One end of the spring (18) abuts against the telescopic clamp (8), and the other end of the spring (18) abuts against the movable frame (3).

6. The automatic inspection mechanism for a PCB circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary motor (13) is fixedly connected to the movable frame (3) via the mounting bracket (19), and one side of the rotating shaft (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (20).

7. The automatic inspection mechanism for a PCB circuit board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The other end of the connecting rod (20) is fixedly installed with a limiting slider (21), which slides in conjunction with the arc groove (22), which is opened on the other side of the moving frame (3).

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