A waste blending test device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the garbage incineration technical field, specifically, relate to a kind of garbage blending test device, including feeding unit, combustion reaction unit, flue gas analysis unit and intelligent control unit, feeding unit includes stale garbage bin, fresh garbage bin and proportion regulating valve, stale garbage bin and fresh garbage bin are connected with combustion reaction unit, proportion regulating valve is used to adjust the proportion of fresh garbage bin and stale garbage bin into combustion reaction unit, flue gas analysis unit is used to analyze the gas component in the flue gas generated after garbage combustion and proportion, and intelligent control system is used to control proportion regulating valve, the purpose of the test different new and old garbage blending ratio generated flue gas component analysis is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste incineration technology, specifically to a waste co-firing test device. Background Technology

[0002] China strongly advocates for the harmless, reduced, and resource-based disposal of municipal solid waste, leading to a surge in municipal solid waste incineration power generation projects across the country. During incineration, both new and old municipal solid waste are involved. Old waste, after years of fermentation and being covered by slag during landfilling, undergoes changes in composition, resulting in a decrease in calorific value. The composition of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and hydrogen chloride changes after combustion. However, the flue gas purification systems of existing waste incineration plants are designed for the composition of new municipal solid waste. To meet emission standards, new and old municipal solid waste must be mixed and co-incinerated.

[0003] Existing incineration devices are mostly large-scale industrial equipment and lack functional modules specifically for co-firing experiments. This results in inaccurate control of the co-firing ratio of new and old waste, making it difficult to quantify changes in flue gas composition and affecting the determination of the minimum co-firing ratio. Utility Model Content

[0004] To test the composition of flue gas produced by different ratios of new and old waste incineration, a waste co-incineration test device is provided, including a feeding unit, a combustion reaction unit, a flue gas analysis unit, and an intelligent control unit. The feeding unit includes an aged waste bin, a fresh waste bin, and a proportioning valve. Both the aged and fresh waste bins are connected to the combustion reaction unit. The proportioning valve is used to adjust the ratio of fresh and aged waste entering the combustion reaction unit. The flue gas analysis unit is used to analyze the gas composition and proportion in the flue gas produced after waste combustion. The intelligent control system is used to control the proportioning valve.

[0005] Through the above technical solution, the feeding unit adds fresh and aged waste to the combustion reaction unit, which incinerates the waste. Subsequently, the flue gas analysis unit analyzes the composition and proportion of the flue gas produced after the waste combustion and sends the data to the intelligent control system. The intelligent control system determines whether the emission standards are met based on the proportion of flue gas composition and controls the proportional adjustment valve to control the ratio of fresh and aged waste, thereby testing the ratio of fresh and aged waste that meets the emission standards.

[0006] Optionally, both the aged waste bin and the fresh waste bin are connected to a conveying pipe. One end of the conveying pipe is connected to the combustion reaction unit. A screw conveyor is rotatably connected inside the conveying pipe, and the screw conveyor is connected to a first motor that drives the screw conveyor to rotate.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, the rotation of the first motor drives the screw conveyor to rotate, and the screw conveyor simultaneously carries the aged waste and fresh waste into the combustion reaction unit, and mixes the aged waste and fresh waste, so that the mixture of aged waste and fresh waste is more uniform and the flue gas data obtained is more accurate.

[0008] Optionally, the conveying pipeline is connected to a circular connecting channel, and a partition is provided in the middle of the connecting channel. The partition divides the connecting channel into two semi-circular channels, and the two semi-circular channels are respectively connected to the aged waste bin and the fresh waste bin. The proportional regulating valve is semi-cylindrical, and an opening is provided in the middle of the partition. The proportional regulating valve is rotatably connected to the opening in the middle of the partition. One end of the proportional regulating valve is connected to a second motor, and the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the center of the semi-circle at one end of the proportional regulating valve.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, the rotation of the second motor can drive the proportional regulating valve to rotate. Different rotation angles of the proportional regulating valve result in different sizes of openings in the conveying pipes of the aged waste bin and the fresh waste bin, thereby achieving the proportional adjustment of aged waste and fresh waste.

[0010] Optionally, the combustion reaction unit includes a cylindrical combustion chamber made of a high-temperature resistant alloy.

[0011] The above technical solution uses a cylindrical combustion chamber made of high-temperature resistant alloy, which is suitable for test requirements, ensures stability and data reliability, and takes into account durability and practicality: the cylindrical structure allows for smooth airflow, and the waste mixture can fully contact oxygen, restoring the combustion state of an industrial incinerator, avoiding test errors caused by incomplete local combustion, and making the test data closer to reality.

[0012] Optionally, a temperature sensor and a pressure monitor are provided in the combustion chamber, and an air supply duct is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber.

[0013] The above technical solution uses temperature sensors and pressure monitors to observe the temperature and pressure inside the combustion chamber in real time, so that operators can adjust the air intake of the air supply duct according to the temperature and pressure inside the combustion chamber, so that the combustion chamber can simulate the state of an industrial incinerator as much as possible.

[0014] Optionally, the combustion chamber is provided with an observation window for observing the combustion situation inside the combustion chamber. A cavity is formed in the side wall of the combustion chamber, which is connected to the observation window. A transparent glass plate is placed in the cavity, which can completely block the observation window. A spring is connected above the transparent glass plate, which can slide up and down in the cavity. A sliding groove is formed on one side of the cavity, and a sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The direction of the sliding groove is the same as the sliding direction of the transparent glass plate. The sliding block is connected to the transparent glass plate and has a handle. A scraper for cleaning the surface of the transparent glass plate is provided in the cavity near the combustion chamber.

[0015] With the above technical solution, the operator can observe the combustion in the combustion chamber through the observation window. The transparent glass plate can reduce heat loss in the combustion chamber. The combustion in the combustion chamber will produce fly ash, which will adhere to the transparent glass plate and affect the operator's view. The operator can move the sliding block by the handle, which will then move the transparent glass to slide, so that the scraper can clean the surface of the transparent glass. Then the spring will return and move the transparent glass to its original position.

[0016] Optionally, a collection trough is provided below the cavity, the collection trough is connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and a collection box is slidably connected inside the collection trough.

[0017] With the above technical solution, the fly ash scraped off by the scraper falls into the collection box, and the operator can take out the collection box for cleaning, which facilitates the cleaning of the fallen fly ash.

[0018] Optionally, the combustion reaction unit is connected to a fly ash treatment unit, which is used to collect fly ash and analyze its composition. The fly ash treatment unit is connected to an intelligent control unit.

[0019] The above technical solution treats fly ash through a fly ash treatment unit, thus preventing fly ash discharge from causing air pollution.

[0020] Optionally, the fly ash treatment unit is connected to an activated carbon addition device and a chelating agent preparation tank.

[0021] The above technical solution uses activated carbon and chelating agents to treat dioxins and heavy metals in fly ash, thus rendering the fly ash harmless.

[0022] Optionally, the combustion chamber is provided with multiple temperature sensors and pressure monitors, and the multiple temperature sensors and pressure monitors are evenly distributed in the combustion chamber.

[0023] By using the above technical solutions, the temperature and pressure of each part of the combustion chamber are monitored and adjusted to make the environment inside the combustion chamber closer to that of an industrial incinerator, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0024] One or more technical solutions provided by this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0025] 1. By setting a proportional adjustment valve to adjust the combustion ratio of aged waste and fresh waste, and setting a flue gas analysis structure to analyze the composition and ratio of flue gas, the analysis of flue gas components generated by different ratios of old and new waste can be achieved.

[0026] 2. An observation window is installed in the combustion chamber to allow operators to observe the situation inside the combustion chamber;

[0027] 3. The installation of a scraper allows operators to clean the transparent glass plate, facilitating observation of the combustion chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view intended to emphasize the internal structure of the pipeline in this application;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part of the structure at point A;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view intended to emphasize the internal structure of the cavity in this application.

[0033] The components include: 1. Aged waste bin; 2. Fresh waste bin; 3. Proportional regulating valve; 31. Second motor; 4. Conveying pipe; 41. Screw conveyor; 42. First motor; 5. Combustion chamber; 51. Cavity; 52. Observation window; 53. Transparent glass plate; 54. Slide chute; 55. Sliding block; 56. Handle; 57. Scraper; 58. Collection trough; 59. Collection box; 6. Air supply duct; 7. Rotary separator; 8. Chelating agent preparation tank. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0035] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] A waste co-incineration test device includes a feeding unit, a combustion reaction unit, a flue gas analysis unit, and an intelligent control unit. The feeding unit includes an aged waste bin 1, a fresh waste bin 2, and a proportional control valve 3. Both the aged waste bin 1 and the fresh waste bin 2 are connected to the combustion reaction unit. The proportional control valve 3 is used to adjust the ratio of fresh waste 2 and aged waste 1 entering the combustion reaction unit. The flue gas analysis unit is used to analyze the composition and ratio of gases in the flue gas produced after waste combustion. The intelligent control system is used to control the proportional control valve 3. The feeding unit adds fresh waste and aged waste to the combustion reaction unit, which incinerates the waste. Subsequently, the flue gas analysis unit analyzes the composition and ratio of the flue gas produced after waste combustion and sends the data to the intelligent control system. The intelligent control system determines whether the emission standards are met based on the flue gas composition ratio and controls the proportional control valve 3 to control the ratio of fresh waste to aged waste, thereby testing the co-incineration ratio of fresh waste and aged waste that meets the emission standards.

[0037] Both the aged waste bin 1 and the fresh waste bin 2 are connected to conveying pipes 4. One end of the conveying pipe 4 is connected to the combustion reaction unit. A screw conveyor 41 is rotatably connected inside the conveying pipe 4. The screw conveyor 41 is connected to a first motor 42 that drives the screw conveyor 41 to rotate. The rotation of the first motor 42 drives the screw conveyor 41 to rotate, and the screw conveyor 41 simultaneously carries the aged waste and fresh waste into the combustion reaction unit, mixing the aged waste and fresh waste more evenly, resulting in more accurate flue gas data.

[0038] The conveying pipe 4 is connected to a circular connecting channel, with a partition in the middle dividing the connecting channel into two semi-circular channels. These two semi-circular channels connect to the aged waste bin 1 and the fresh waste bin 2, respectively. A proportional regulating valve 3 is semi-cylindrical, with an opening in the middle of the partition. The proportional regulating valve 3 is rotatably connected to this opening. One end of the proportional regulating valve 3 is connected to a second motor 31, and the output shaft of the second motor 31 is connected to the center of one semi-circular end of the proportional regulating valve 3. Rotation of the second motor 31 drives the proportional regulating valve 3 to rotate. Different rotation angles of the proportional regulating valve 3 result in different sizes of openings in the conveying pipe 4 of the aged waste bin 1 and the fresh waste bin 2, thus achieving the proportional adjustment of aged and fresh waste. The second motor 31 is a stepper motor with a response time of <0.5 seconds, ensuring the reliability of tests involving different proportions of fresh and aged waste.

[0039] The combustion reaction unit includes a cylindrical combustion chamber 5 made of high-temperature alloy. The cylindrical combustion chamber 5 made of high-temperature alloy is adapted to test requirements, ensures stability and data reliability, and takes into account durability and practicality: the cylindrical structure allows for smooth airflow, and the waste mixture can fully contact oxygen, which can restore the combustion state of an industrial incinerator, avoid test errors caused by incomplete local combustion, and make the test data closer to reality.

[0040] Combustion chamber 5 is equipped with multiple temperature sensors and pressure monitors, which are evenly distributed within the chamber to monitor the temperature and pressure conditions in real time. An air supply duct 6 is located at the bottom of combustion chamber 5, allowing operators to adjust the airflow according to the temperature and pressure within the chamber, thus simulating the conditions of an industrial incinerator as closely as possible.

[0041] An observation window 52 for observing the combustion process inside the combustion chamber 5 is provided inside the combustion chamber 5. A cavity 51 is provided in the side wall of the combustion chamber 5, and the cavity 51 is connected to the observation window 52. A transparent glass plate 53 is provided inside the cavity, which can completely block the observation window 52. A spring is connected above the transparent glass plate 53, and the transparent glass plate 53 can slide up and down inside the cavity 51. A sliding groove 54 is provided on one side of the cavity 51, and a sliding block 55 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 54. The direction of the sliding groove 54 is the same as the sliding direction of the transparent glass plate 53. The sliding block 55 is connected to the transparent glass plate 53 and is connected to a handle 56. A scraper 57 for cleaning the surface of the transparent glass plate 53 is provided inside the cavity 51 near the inside of the combustion chamber 5. The operator can observe the combustion in the combustion chamber 5 through the observation window 52. The transparent glass plate 53 can reduce heat loss in the combustion chamber 5. The combustion in the combustion chamber 5 will produce fly ash, which will adhere to the transparent glass plate 53 and affect the operator's view. The operator can drive the sliding block 55 through the handle 56, which will then drive the transparent glass to slide, so that the scraper 57 can clean the surface of the transparent glass. Then the spring will return and move the transparent glass to its original position.

[0042] A collection trough 58 is provided below the cavity 51, and the collection trough 58 is connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber 5. A collection box 59 is slidably connected inside the collection trough 58. The fly ash scraped off by the scraper 57 falls into the collection box 59. The operator can take out the collection box 59 for cleaning, which is convenient for cleaning the fallen fly ash.

[0043] The flue gas analysis unit integrates a multi-component flue gas analyzer, such as infrared sensors and electrochemical sensors, to monitor changes in components like CO, NOx, and SO2 in real time. Data is transmitted via an RS485 interface and used to calculate flue gas composition and determine the minimum blending ratio.

[0044] The combustion reaction unit is connected to a fly ash treatment unit, which is in turn connected to an intelligent control unit. The fly ash treatment unit includes a cyclone separator and an online analysis module such as an XRF spectrometer, which automatically compares the heavy metal content (Pb, Cd) in fly ash from fresh and aged waste. A chelating agent preparation tank 8 is connected below the cyclone separator. This tank 8 contains a stirrer and a concentration meter (e.g., a conductivity meter), allowing operators to adjust the chelating agent concentration based on the measured heavy metal content in the fly ash. The chelating agent preparation tank 8 is also connected to an activated carbon addition tube, allowing the addition of activated carbon to adsorb dioxins and heavy metals from the fly ash.

[0045] The core of the intelligent control unit is a PLC controller, which receives flue gas and fly ash data and automatically adjusts parameters such as the amount of activated carbon added and the concentration of chelating agent. The intelligent control unit is equipped with a touch screen to realize human-machine interaction and data storage, which facilitates the summarization of problems and the development of optimization solutions.

[0046] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: When an experiment is required, the second motor 31 drives the proportional regulating valve 3 to rotate, thereby adjusting the ratio of fresh waste and aged waste entering the conveying pipe 4. At the same time, the first motor 42 rotates to drive the screw conveyor 41 to mix the fresh waste and aged waste and bring them into the combustion chamber 5. The waste is burned in the combustion chamber 5. Multiple temperature sensors and pressure monitors in the combustion chamber 5 monitor the temperature and pressure in the combustion chamber 5, which allows the operator to adjust the air supply pipe 6 to make the combustion chamber 5 closer to an industrial incinerator. Subsequently, the flue gas generated by the waste combustion enters the cyclone separator through the pipe. During this process, the flue gas analysis unit monitors the composition of the flue gas. Then, the fly ash that passes through the cyclone separator enters the chelating agent preparation tank 8 and is treated by activated carbon and chelating agent.

[0047] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0048] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A waste co-incineration test device, characterized in that, It includes a feeding unit, a combustion reaction unit, a flue gas analysis unit, and an intelligent control unit. The feeding unit includes an aged waste bin (1), a fresh waste bin (2), and a proportional control valve (3). Both the aged waste bin (1) and the fresh waste bin (2) are connected to the combustion reaction unit. The proportional control valve (3) is used to adjust the proportion of fresh waste bin (2) and aged waste bin (1) entering the combustion reaction unit. The flue gas analysis unit is used to analyze the gas composition and proportion in the flue gas generated after waste combustion. The intelligent control system is used to control the proportional control valve (3).

2. The waste co-incineration test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the aged waste bin (1) and the fresh waste bin (2) are connected to a conveying pipe (4). One end of the conveying pipe (4) is connected to the combustion reaction unit. A screw conveyor (41) is rotatably connected inside the conveying pipe (4). The screw conveyor (41) is connected to a first motor (42) that drives the screw conveyor (41) to rotate.

3. The waste co-incineration test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying pipe (4) is connected to a circular connecting channel, and a partition is provided in the middle of the connecting channel. The partition divides the connecting channel into two semi-circular channels, and the two semi-circular channels are respectively connected to the aged waste bin (1) and the fresh waste bin (2). The proportional regulating valve (3) is semi-cylindrical, and an opening is provided in the middle of the partition. The proportional regulating valve (3) is rotatably connected to the opening in the middle of the partition. One end of the proportional regulating valve (3) is connected to a second motor (31), and the output shaft of the second motor (31) is connected to the center of the semi-circle at one end of the proportional regulating valve (3).

4. The waste co-incineration test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion reaction unit includes a cylindrical combustion chamber (5) made of high-temperature resistant alloy.

5. The waste co-firing test apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (5) is equipped with a temperature sensor and a pressure monitor, and an air supply duct (6) is installed at the bottom of the combustion chamber (5).

6. The waste co-incineration test apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (5) is provided with an observation window (52) for observing the combustion situation inside the combustion chamber (5). A cavity (51) is provided in the side wall of the combustion chamber (5), and the cavity (51) is connected to the observation window (52). A transparent glass plate (53) is provided in the cavity, which can completely block the observation window (52). A spring is connected above the transparent glass plate (53), and the transparent glass plate (53) can slide up and down in the cavity (51). A sliding groove (54) is provided on one side of the cavity (51), and a sliding block (55) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (54). The direction of the sliding groove (54) is the same as the sliding direction of the transparent glass plate (53). The sliding block (55) is connected to the transparent glass plate (53), and a handle (56) is connected to the sliding block (55). A scraper (57) for cleaning the surface of the transparent glass plate (53) is provided in the cavity (51) near the inside of the combustion chamber (5).

7. The waste co-incineration test apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, A collection trough (58) is provided below the cavity (51), and the collection trough (58) is connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber (5). A collection box (59) is slidably connected inside the collection trough (58).

8. The waste co-incineration test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion reaction unit is connected to a fly ash treatment unit, which is used to collect fly ash and analyze its composition. The fly ash treatment unit is connected to an intelligent control unit.

9. The waste co-firing test apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fly ash treatment unit is connected to an activated carbon addition device and a chelating agent preparation tank (8).

10. A waste co-firing test apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (5) is equipped with multiple temperature sensors and pressure monitors, which are evenly distributed within the combustion chamber (5).

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