A incubator for forest litter decomposition experiment capable of simulating different slope directions

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of forest litter decomposition experiment with incubator of simulating different slope direction, including box, slope adjusting assembly and the grid of placing forest litter sample;Slope adjusting assembly includes double helix screw rod and two sliding blocks slidingly arranged in the bottom chute of the inside of box, bracket is fixedly connected on the upper end of sliding block, support plate is rotatably connected on bracket through pivot, and the other end of two support plates is rotatably connected through pivot;Grid is arranged on the outside support surface of two support plates;Double helix screw rod is threadedly cooperated with two sliding blocks and is driven to rotate by the rotating motor being arranged outside box, so that two sliding blocks are close to each other or away from each other, and then the inclination angle of two support plates is changed.The utility model adjusts the inclination angle of the bearing surface of forest litter by slope adjusting assembly flexibly, to simulate the topographic features of different slope direction in real environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to experimental equipment, specifically to an incubator for simulating the decomposition of forest litter on different slope aspects. Background Technology

[0002] Forest litter decomposition is a crucial link in the nutrient cycle of forest ecosystems. During decomposition, litter, through the action of soil animals, fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, and various enzyme systems, transforms complex organic compounds into simpler salt molecules and substances that can be absorbed by plants, significantly contributing to soil quality improvement and forest ecosystem stability. Different slope aspects lead to variations in environmental factors such as sunlight, temperature, and humidity, thus affecting litter decomposition. For example, sunny slopes typically have ample sunlight, higher temperatures, and lower humidity, while shady slopes have the opposite. These differences alter the activity of microorganisms, the activity of soil animals, and the rate of chemical transformation during litter decomposition. Utility Model Content

[0003] Purpose of the utility model: The purpose of this utility model is to provide an incubator that can simulate forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects, thereby enabling the study of the decomposition characteristics of litter on different slope aspects, which helps to gain a deeper understanding of the spatial heterogeneity of nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems.

[0004] Technical Solution: This utility model discloses an incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects, comprising a chamber, a slope adjustment component, and a grid for placing forest litter samples. The slope adjustment component includes a double helical screw and two sliders slidably disposed in a groove at the bottom of the chamber. A bracket is fixed to the upper end of the slider, and a support plate is rotatably connected to the bracket via a rotating shaft. The other ends of the two support plates are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft. The grid is provided on the outer support surfaces of the two support plates. The double helical screw is threadedly engaged with the two sliders and is driven to rotate by a rotary motor disposed on the outside of the chamber, causing the two sliders to move closer or further apart, thereby changing the tilt angle of the two support plates.

[0005] Furthermore, the incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects also includes a spraying system. The spraying system includes a collection chamber and a spraying pipe. The collection chamber is fixed to the bottom of the outer side of the chamber, and several through holes communicating with the collection chamber are evenly distributed at the bottom of the chamber. The spraying pipe is fixed to the upper part of the inner wall of the chamber and communicates with the collection chamber through a conduit. Several atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged on the spraying pipe. A water pump and a solenoid valve are installed on the conduit to control the start and stop of the spraying and the flow rate. Humidity sensors are installed on two support plates, and the spraying system is interlocked with the humidity sensors to achieve precise humidity control.

[0006] Furthermore, a temperature control system is installed inside the chamber, which includes a heater and a temperature sensor. The heater and the temperature sensor are interlocked to achieve precise temperature control.

[0007] Furthermore, the incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects also includes a cover for sealing the opening at the top of the chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, an illumination lamp is installed at the bottom of the cover plate, and photosensitive sensors are installed on the two support plates. The illumination lamp and the photosensitive sensors are interlocked to achieve precise control of the light intensity.

[0009] Furthermore, a slot is machined on the outer support surface of the support plate, and the mesh is engaged in the slot.

[0010] Furthermore, an observation window is provided on one side of the enclosure, the observation window is equipped with transparent glass, and a sealing strip is provided at the edge between the transparent glass and the observation window.

[0011] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: By driving two sliders to move along the slide groove through a rotary motor and a double helical screw, the tilt angle of the two support plates can be adjusted, thereby simulating different slope directions. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments with different slope aspects from different perspectives, provided by an embodiment of this utility model.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a half-sectional view of an incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects, provided by an embodiment of this utility model.

[0014] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Exploded view. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Appendix Figures 1 to 4 The accompanying figure labels are as follows:

[0017] 1. Box body; 2. Cover plate; 3. First slider; 4. First bracket; 5. First support plate; 6. Second slider; 7. Second bracket; 8. Second support plate; 9. Double helical screw; 10. Collection chamber; 11. Spray pipe; 12. Water pump; 13. Solenoid valve; 14. Irradiation lamp; 15. First grid; 16. Second grid; 17. Rotary motor.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, this utility model embodiment provides an incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments with different slope aspects, including a box body 1, a cover plate 2, a slope adjustment component, a first grid 15, a second grid 16, a spraying system, an irradiation system, and a temperature control system.

[0019] Box 1 has a rectangular structure with a rectangular opening at the top. The cover 2 is shaped to fit the rectangular opening and is fastened to it with a snap-fit ​​mechanism, thus creating a sealed experimental space inside box 1.

[0020] The slope adjustment assembly is located inside the housing 1 and includes a first slider 3, a first bracket 4, a first support plate 5, a second slider 6, a second bracket 7, a second support plate 8, a double helical screw 9, and a rotary motor 17. A groove is machined on the bottom inner side of the housing 1, and the first slider 3 and the second slider 6 are slidably disposed within the groove. The first bracket 4 is fixed to the upper end of the first slider 3, and the second bracket 7 is fixed to the upper end of the second slider 6. The first support plate 5 is rotatably connected to the first bracket 4 via a rotating shaft, and the second support plate 8 is rotatably connected to the second bracket 7 via a rotating shaft. The other ends of the two support plates are rotatably connected via rotating shafts. The double helical screw 9 passes through the entire groove, with both ends extending to the outside of the housing 1. The rotary motor 17 is fixed to the outside of the housing 1, and its output end is poweredly connected to one end of the double helical screw 9. A first slot is machined on the outer support surface of the first support plate 5, and a second slot is machined on the outer support surface of the second support plate 8.

[0021] During the experiment, the first grid 15 was secured in the first slot, and the second grid 16 was secured in the second slot. A rotary motor 17 drove the double-helix screw 9 to rotate, causing the two sliders to move closer or further apart, thereby causing the first support plate 5 and the second support plate 8 to rotate around their respective axes, creating different tilt angles. Researchers could then uniformly fill the first grid 15 and the second grid 16 with forest litter samples to simulate the decomposition process under different slope aspects.

[0022] Humidity sensors and light sensors are installed on the two support plates to monitor the humidity and light intensity inside the chamber, respectively.

[0023] The spraying system includes a collection chamber 10 and a spray pipe 11. The collection chamber 10 is fixed to the bottom of the outer side of the housing 1. Several through holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the housing 1, allowing liquid inside the housing 1 to flow into the collection chamber 10. The spray pipe 11 is fixed to the upper part of the inner wall of the housing 1 and connects to the collection chamber 10 via a conduit. Several atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged on the spray pipe 11 to ensure uniform spraying. A water pump 12 and a solenoid valve 13 are installed on the conduit to control the start / stop and flow rate of the spraying. The spraying system is interlocked with a humidity sensor to achieve precise humidity control. For example, when the humidity is too low, the opening of the solenoid valve 13 is controlled to increase the flow rate; when the humidity is too high, the opening of the solenoid valve 13 is controlled to decrease the flow rate or the water pump 12 is stopped.

[0024] The illumination system includes an illumination lamp 14, which is installed below the cover plate 2 with the central axis of the cover plate 2 as a reference. The lamp 14 is switched on and off by an electric switch. The illumination lamp 14 is interlocked with a photosensitive sensor to achieve precise control of the light intensity. For example, when the light intensity is too strong, the illuminance of the illumination lamp 14 is reduced; when the light intensity is too weak, the illuminance of the illumination lamp 14 is increased.

[0025] The temperature control system is installed inside the enclosure 1 and includes a heater and a temperature sensor. The heater and temperature sensor are interlocked to achieve precise temperature control. For example, when the temperature is too high, the power of the heater is reduced; when the temperature is too low, the power of the heater is increased.

[0026] To facilitate observation of the experimental process, an observation window is provided on one side of the chamber 1. The observation window is fitted with transparent glass, and a sealing strip is provided at the edge between the transparent glass and the observation window to ensure airtightness.

[0027] This invention uses a slope adjustment component to flexibly adjust the inclination angle of the forest litter bearing surface to simulate the terrain features of different slope aspects in a real environment. Through the coordinated operation of the spraying system, irradiation system, and temperature control system, it achieves precise control of temperature, humidity, and light intensity in a closed experimental space, ensuring that only the slope, a single variable, is changed during the experiment, thereby obtaining accurate experimental data.

Claims

1. An incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (1), a slope adjustment assembly, and a grid for placing forest litter samples. The slope adjustment assembly includes a double helical screw (9) and two sliders slidably disposed in a groove at the bottom of the inner side of the housing (1). A bracket is fixed to the upper end of the slider, and a support plate is rotatably connected to the bracket via a rotating shaft. The other ends of the two support plates are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft. The grid is provided on the outer support surface of the two support plates. The double helical screw (9) is threadedly engaged with the two sliders and is driven to rotate by a rotary motor (17) located on the outside of the housing (1), so that the two sliders move closer to each other or further away, thereby changing the tilt angle of the two support plates.

2. The incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a spraying system, which includes a collection chamber (10) and a spray pipe (11). The collection chamber (10) is fixed to the bottom of the outer side of the box (1), and the bottom of the box (1) has several through holes that connect to the collection chamber (10). The spray pipe (11) is fixed to the upper part of the inner wall of the box (1) and is connected to the collection chamber (10) through a conduit. Several atomizing nozzles are arranged at equal intervals on the spray pipe (11). A water pump (12) and a solenoid valve (13) are installed on the conduit to control the start and stop of the spraying and the flow rate. A humidity sensor is installed on two support plates. The spraying system is interlocked with the humidity sensor to achieve precise humidity control.

3. The incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature control system is installed inside the enclosure (1). The temperature control system includes a heater and a temperature sensor. The heater and the temperature sensor are interlocked to achieve precise temperature control.

4. The incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cover plate (2) for closing the opening at the top of the box (1).

5. The incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects as described in claim 4, characterized in that, An illumination lamp (14) is provided at the bottom of the cover plate (2), and a photosensitive sensor is installed on the two support plates. The illumination lamp (14) and the photosensitive sensor are interlocked to achieve precise control of the light intensity.

6. The incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer support surface of the support plate is machined with a slot, and the mesh is engaged in the slot.

7. The incubator for simulating forest litter decomposition experiments on different slope aspects as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An observation window is provided on one side of the enclosure (1), the observation window is provided with transparent glass, and a sealing strip is provided at the edge between the transparent glass and the observation window.

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