A hydrogen supply system for a hydrogen fuel cell system, which is an integrated solid hydrogen storage module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hydrogen fuel cell system with integrated integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module's hydrogen supply system, belong to vehicle hydrogen fuel cell technical field. It aims to solve the problem of low integration degree, complex pipeline, inconvenient maintenance and poor compatibility of existing solid-state hydrogen storage hydrogen supply system. The system includes first quick connector, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, pressure reducing valve, electromagnetic stop valve and second quick connector connected by pipeline in turn, and branch pipeline with bypass hand valve is provided between temperature sensor and pressure reducing valve. The utility model simplifies pipeline by component integration, quick connector and bypass hand valve adapt to quick change demand, with the advantages of high space utilization, low maintenance cost, wide adaptation range, safe and reliable, can be used in hydrogen fuel cell fork truck, logistics vehicle and test platform and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive hydrogen fuel cell technology, specifically to a hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module used in a hydrogen fuel cell system. Background Technology

[0002] As we all know, the greenhouse effect and environmental problems are becoming increasingly severe in the world today, making low-carbon and clean energy technologies a key focus of research and development. Hydrogen fuel cell systems have gained widespread attention in the transportation sector (such as hydrogen fuel cell forklifts) due to their advantages of zero pollution, low carbon footprint, and high efficiency. The power system of a hydrogen fuel cell forklift mainly includes a fuel cell system, a hydrogen storage system, and an energy storage battery, with the hydrogen storage system being one of the core components.

[0003] Existing hydrogen storage systems are mainly divided into two categories: high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage.

[0004] High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage (e.g., 35MPa) is the mainstream method for hydrogen fuel cell forklifts, but it has safety hazards such as easy leakage and rupture at high pressure, and the volumetric hydrogen storage density is low.

[0005] Solid-state hydrogen storage systems have the advantages of high volumetric hydrogen storage density and high safety, while their own weight can meet the counterweight requirements of forklifts, making them a promising candidate for application in the field of new energy forklifts.

[0006] However, current solid-state hydrogen storage systems used in forklift systems still have significant drawbacks: low integration and complex internal piping, leading to difficult maintenance and low space utilization. Furthermore, existing hydrogen supply solutions suffer from insufficient specificity: for example, the "Distributed Fuel Cell Power Generation System Based on Solid-State Hydrogen Storage" disclosed in patent CN119252981A uses a "solid-state hydrogen storage cylinder plus mass flow meter plus flow valve" method, requiring precise control of the flow valve opening and having specific installation requirements for the mass flow meter, which is detrimental to the overall system layout and space utilization, while also being costly; another example is the hydrogen supply solution disclosed in patent CN119481163A, which uses a "temperature / pressure sensor plus electromagnetic shut-off valve." Although the architecture is simple, the output pressure at the back end of the hydrogen storage system is fixed, only compatible with specific fuel cell systems, resulting in poor adaptability and compatibility.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a hydrogen supply system with high integration, simplified piping, convenient maintenance, and strong compatibility of solid-state hydrogen storage modules to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0008] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module used in hydrogen fuel cell systems.

[0010] (II) Technical Solution

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module used in a hydrogen fuel cell system, comprising a first quick-connect connector, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a bypass hand valve, a pressure reducing valve, an electromagnetic shut-off valve, a second quick-connect connector, and pipelines for connecting the various components; the first quick-connect connector is used for detachable connection with the solid-state hydrogen storage module, and the output end of the first quick-connect connector is connected to the input end of the pressure sensor via a pipeline; the output end of the pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the temperature sensor via a pipeline; the output end of the temperature sensor is divided into two paths via a pipeline, one path being connected to the input end of the pressure reducing valve, and the other path being connected to the input end of the bypass hand valve, the output end of the bypass hand valve being open to the atmosphere; the output end of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic shut-off valve via a pipeline; the output end of the electromagnetic shut-off valve is connected to the input end of the second quick-connect connector via a pipeline, and the second quick-connect connector is used for detachable connection with the hydrogen subsystem in the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is positioned close to the first quick-connect connector to directly monitor the pressure and amount of hydrogen released from the solid-state hydrogen storage module.

[0013] Furthermore, the bypass valve is used to vent residual hydrogen in the pipeline between the temperature sensor and the pressure reducing valve when the solid hydrogen storage module needs to be quickly replaced.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure reduction range of the pressure reducing valve can be preset according to the hydrogen pressure requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell system, without the need for repeated adjustments later.

[0015] Furthermore, the electromagnetic shut-off valve is used to control the flow of hydrogen after pressure reduction: when the hydrogen fuel cell system is running, the electromagnetic shut-off valve is open; when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in standby or stopped, the electromagnetic shut-off valve is closed.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module for hydrogen fuel cell systems, which has the following advantages:

[0018] This hydrogen fuel cell system utilizes an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module supply system. This system integrates pressure sensors, temperature sensors, a bypass manual valve, a pressure reducing valve, and a solenoid shut-off valve into a single system. Through structured piping connections, it significantly simplifies piping design, reduces system size, and indirectly increases the hydrogen storage capacity of the solid-state hydrogen storage module. Quick-connect fittings at both ends, combined with the residual gas venting function of the bypass manual valve, allow for rapid replacement of the solid-state hydrogen storage module. Simultaneously, the pressure reducing valve has a preset pressure reduction range, eliminating the need for repeated adjustments and reducing maintenance steps. The pressure reducing valve can be preset with parameters according to the pressure requirements of different fuel cell systems, breaking the limitation of fixed output pressure in existing systems and adapting to various power and type hydrogen fuel cell systems (such as hydrogen fuel cell forklifts of different tonnages). Real-time monitoring of hydrogen status via pressure and temperature sensors, precise control of hydrogen supply via the solenoid shut-off valve, and prevention of residual hydrogen leakage during quick replacements via the bypass manual valve ensure multi-dimensional system operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. First quick-connect connector; 2. Pressure sensor; 3. Temperature sensor; 4. Pressure reducing valve; 5. Bypass manual valve; 6. Solenoid shut-off valve; 7. Second quick-connect connector. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figure 1This utility model discloses an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module hydrogen supply system for a hydrogen fuel cell system, comprising a first quick-connect connector 1, a pressure sensor 2, a temperature sensor 3, a bypass valve 5, a pressure reducing valve 4, an electromagnetic shut-off valve 6, a second quick-connect connector 7, and pipelines for connecting the various components. The first quick-connect connector 1 is detachably connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage module, and its output end is connected to the input end of the pressure sensor 2 via a pipeline. The output end of the pressure sensor 2 is connected to the input end of the temperature sensor 3 via a pipeline. The output end of the temperature sensor 3 is divided into two paths via a pipeline: one path is connected to the input end of the pressure reducing valve 4, and the other path is connected to the input end of the bypass valve 5, the output end of which is open to the atmosphere. The output end of the pressure reducing valve 4 is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 via a pipeline. The output end of the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 is connected to the input end of the second quick-connect connector 7 via a pipeline, and the second quick-connect connector 7 is detachably connected to the hydrogen subsystem in the hydrogen fuel cell system.

[0023] In this scheme, the pressure sensor 2 is positioned close to the first quick connector 1 to directly monitor the pressure and amount of hydrogen released from the solid hydrogen storage module.

[0024] In this scheme, the bypass hand valve 5 is used to vent the residual hydrogen gas in the pipeline between the temperature sensor 3 and the pressure reducing valve 4 when the solid hydrogen storage module needs to be quickly replaced.

[0025] In this solution, the pressure reduction range of the pressure reducing valve 4 can be preset according to the hydrogen pressure requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell system, without the need for repeated adjustments later.

[0026] In this scheme, the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 is used to control the flow of hydrogen after pressure reduction: when the hydrogen fuel cell system is running, the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 is open; when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in standby or stopped, the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 is closed.

[0027] In this embodiment, during use, the hydrogen supply system is connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage module via the first quick-connect connector 1, and connected to the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel cell system via the second quick-connect connector 7, ensuring proper insertion and sealing. When the fuel cell system sends a start command, the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 is energized and opened, opening the hydrogen supply path. The hydrogen released from the solid-state hydrogen storage module first flows through the pressure sensor 2 to monitor the hydrogen pressure in real time (indirectly determining the hydrogen storage capacity); then it passes through the temperature sensor 3 to detect the hydrogen temperature. Both data provide a basis for the safe operation of the system. The hydrogen enters the pressure reducing valve 4, where it is reduced in pressure according to a pre-set range (adapted to the fuel cell requirements), resulting in stable output hydrogen pressure. The reduced-pressure hydrogen passes through the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 and is delivered to the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem via the second quick-connect connector 7, continuously supplying hydrogen for the fuel cell reaction. When the fuel cell system shuts down, the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 is de-energized and closed, cutting off the hydrogen supply path. The bypass hand valve 5 is opened to vent residual hydrogen in the pipeline between the temperature sensor 3 and the pressure reducing valve 4 (the gas is directly discharged to the atmosphere) to prevent hydrogen leakage during disassembly. Disconnect the first quick-connect connector 1 from the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the second quick-connect connector 7 from the fuel cell system (the quick-connect design requires no complex tools). Remove the empty hydrogen storage module and replace it with a full hydrogen module. Connect the new solid-state hydrogen storage module to the hydrogen supply system via the first quick-connect connector 1. Close the bypass manual valve 5. After the fuel cell system starts, the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 opens, restoring normal hydrogen supply. When the fuel cell system is in standby mode, the electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 remains closed, with only pressure sensor 2 and temperature sensor 3 maintaining low-power monitoring to ensure no hydrogen leakage in the pipeline. When pressure sensor 2 detects overpressure (exceeding the safety threshold) or temperature sensor 3 detects overtemperature, the system triggers an emergency shutdown command. The electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 immediately closes, and the bypass manual valve 5 can be opened simultaneously to release pressure, ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel. Pressure sensor 2, located near the hydrogen storage module, can accurately capture changes in hydrogen pressure. Combined with the pressure reducing valve 4 with a preset pressure reduction range, the output hydrogen pressure fluctuation error is ≤±5%, meeting the requirements for continuous and stable operation of the fuel cell. Temperature sensor 3 monitors hydrogen temperature in real time, preventing the impact of high or low temperatures on hydrogen supply efficiency and fuel cell reaction, and is suitable for wide-temperature operating scenarios from -40℃ to 85℃. The quick-connect design allows for hydrogen storage module replacement in just 2-3 minutes, improving efficiency by over 80% compared to traditional pipeline connections (which require disassembling bolts and seals), and significantly reducing workload. The bypass hand valve 5 allows for one-button venting of residual gas, eliminating the need for additional pressure relief equipment, simplifying quick-change operations, and avoiding safety hazards caused by human error. The integrated design reduces the number of pipeline interfaces (only two external interfaces), lowering the risk of leakage by 60%. Subsequent inspections only require checking the quick-connect seals and sensor data, extending the maintenance cycle to twice that of traditional systems. The pressure reducing valve 4, with preset parameters, eliminates the need for repeated adjustments, avoiding component wear caused by frequent debugging, and also eliminates the need for expensive components such as mass flow meters, reducing the overall system cost by approximately 30%.The pressure reducing valve 4 has a flexibly preset pressure reduction range of 0.2~2.0MPa, adaptable to fuel cell systems with power from 1-100kW. It can be used in various scenarios such as hydrogen fuel cell forklifts, logistics vehicles, and testing platforms, with significantly better compatibility than existing fixed pressure output systems. The quick-connect fitting supports the connection of different specifications of hydrogen storage modules (2-10kg hydrogen storage capacity) without replacing the main hydrogen supply system, improving equipment reusability. The electromagnetic shut-off valve 6 has a response time of <100ms, enabling rapid cut-off of hydrogen supply in shutdown or emergency situations. Combined with pressure / temperature dual monitoring, it forms multiple safety protections, eliminating risks such as high-pressure leakage and overheating. The solid-state hydrogen storage module itself has high safety, and combined with the integrated protection design of the hydrogen supply system, the overall safety level meets the stringent standards for automotive hydrogen fuel cells.

[0028] Implementation Case 1:

[0029] A hydrogen supply system for a solid-state hydrogen storage module includes a pressure sensor 2, a temperature sensor 3, a bypass manual valve 5, a pressure reducing valve 4, a solenoid shut-off valve 6, and connected pipelines. As the foundational core architecture of the entire technical solution, it serves as the prototype for all subsequent extended embodiments, focusing on the hydrogen supply needs of a single solid-state hydrogen storage module. It includes the pressure sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, bypass manual valve 5, pressure reducing valve 4, solenoid shut-off valve 6, and supporting pipelines, fully covering the basic functional modules of a hydrogen supply system. It is suitable for general scenarios without special requirements for hydrogen supply, such as small stationary fuel cell equipment and basic laboratory hydrogen supply testing. It can directly interface with a single solid-state hydrogen storage module to provide a stable hydrogen supply to downstream loads. The architecture is simple, with no redundant components, retaining the core functions of "status monitoring - pressure regulation - on / off control - residual gas venting," offering the lowest cost and strongest versatility.

[0030] Implementation Case 2:

[0031] A hydrogen output supply system for a solid-state hydrogen storage system includes a pressure sensor 2, a temperature sensor 3, a bypass hand valve 5, a pressure reducing valve 4, a solenoid shut-off valve 6, and connected pipelines. Based on Embodiment 1, the application scope is expanded from a "single hydrogen storage module" to an output end adaptation for a "complete solid-state hydrogen storage system." Completely identical to Embodiment 1, with no additional components, the core difference lies in the expanded application scope. It adapts to "solid-state hydrogen storage systems" composed of multiple solid-state hydrogen storage modules, such as hydrogen storage clusters in large fuel cell power plants, and industrial equipment with multiple modules supplying hydrogen in parallel, serving as a unified output interface for the entire hydrogen storage system to achieve centralized hydrogen supply control. Without modifying the system architecture, the expansion from "single-module hydrogen supply" to "multi-module cluster hydrogen supply" can be achieved simply by adapting the output interface of the hydrogen storage system, demonstrating extremely high reusability.

[0032] Implementation Case 3:

[0033] A hydrogen output supply system for an on-board solid-state hydrogen storage module / system includes a pressure sensor 2, a temperature sensor 3, a bypass hand valve 5, a pressure reducing valve 4, a solenoid shut-off valve 6, and connected pipelines. It includes a hydrogen supply system for the solid-state hydrogen storage module described in either Embodiment 1 or 2. It explicitly focuses on on-board application scenarios, is compatible with both "single hydrogen storage module" and "multi-module hydrogen storage system," and adapts to the specific needs of automotive hydrogen fuel cells. Inheriting the basic architecture of Embodiments 1 and 2, it focuses on optimizing the vibration resistance, space adaptability (such as a more compact pipeline layout), and quick-change adaptability of components. Specifically designed for on-board equipment in hydrogen fuel cell forklifts, light logistics vehicles, passenger cars, etc., it can connect to a single on-board solid-state hydrogen storage module or adapt to a multi-module parallel hydrogen storage system, meeting the requirements for vibration resistance, limited space, and rapid hydrogen exchange during vehicle operation. While retaining the basic architecture, the design of the quick-connect connector and bypass hand valve 5 is adapted to the special requirements of the vehicle environment. The design can meet the needs of high-frequency quick-change hydrogen storage module in vehicles, and the vibration-resistant design of the pressure / temperature sensor 3 ensures the accuracy of monitoring data during driving.

[0034] Implementation Case 4:

[0035] A hydrogen supply system for fuel cell testing includes a pressure sensor 2, a temperature sensor 3, a bypass hand valve 5, a pressure reducing valve 4, a solenoid shut-off valve 6, and connected pipelines. It includes the hydrogen supply system for the solid-state hydrogen storage module described in any one of Embodiments 1, 2, or 3. It is adaptable to laboratory testing scenarios, compatible with all architectures of the first three embodiments, and meets the hydrogen supply requirements for different types of fuel cells. While retaining the basic architecture, it focuses on optimizing the parameter adjustability of the pressure reducing valve 4 (supporting a wider range of pressure presets) and the output capability of sensor data (facilitating test data recording). Used for performance testing of fuel cells of different power and types in the laboratory, it can be connected to a single hydrogen storage module, a complete hydrogen storage system, or an on-board hydrogen storage module / system, providing stable and adjustable hydrogen supply conditions for testing. It boasts the strongest versatility, adaptable to various scenarios from basic testing to on-board simulation testing. The wide-range adjustment capability of the pressure reducing valve 4 can meet the hydrogen supply pressure requirements of fuel cells with different power ratings from 1-10kW, eliminating the need to design separate hydrogen supply systems for different testing scenarios.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module used in a hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that, The system includes a first quick-connect connector (1), a pressure sensor (2), a temperature sensor (3), a bypass valve (5), a pressure reducing valve (4), an electromagnetic shut-off valve (6), a second quick-connect connector (7), and pipelines for connecting the components. The first quick-connect connector (1) is detachably connected to the solid hydrogen storage module. The output end of the first quick-connect connector (1) is connected to the input end of the pressure sensor (2) via a pipeline. The output end of the pressure sensor (2) is connected to the input end of the temperature sensor (3) via a pipeline. The output end of the temperature sensor (3) is divided into two paths via a pipeline: one path is connected to the input end of the pressure reducing valve (4), and the other path is connected to the input end of the bypass valve (5). The output end of the bypass valve (5) is open to the atmosphere. The output end of the pressure reducing valve (4) is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic shut-off valve (6) via a pipeline. The output end of the electromagnetic shut-off valve (6) is connected to the input end of the second quick-connect connector (7) via a pipeline. The second quick-connect connector (7) is detachably connected to the hydrogen subsystem in the hydrogen fuel cell system.

2. The hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (2) is located near the first quick connector (1) and is used to directly monitor the pressure and amount of hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage module.

3. The hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass valve (5) is used to vent the residual hydrogen gas in the pipeline between the temperature sensor (3) and the pressure reducing valve (4) when the solid hydrogen storage module needs to be replaced quickly.

4. The hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure reduction range of the pressure reducing valve (4) can be preset according to the hydrogen pressure requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell system, without the need for repeated adjustments later.

5. The hydrogen supply system for an integrated solid-state hydrogen storage module for a hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shut-off valve (6) is used to control the flow of hydrogen after pressure reduction: when the hydrogen fuel cell system is running, the electromagnetic shut-off valve (6) is open; when the hydrogen fuel cell system is in standby or stopped, the electromagnetic shut-off valve (6) is closed.

Images