Battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The application provides a battery pack and an electric device, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery pack comprises a plurality of sub-boxes which are stacked along a first direction, and at least one battery module is arranged in each sub-box. One of the sub-boxes is provided with a containing cavity, and electrical components are dispersedly arranged in the containing cavity and electrically connected with the battery modules. The battery pack provided by the application improves the flexibility of the arrangement of the electrical components, reduces the installation difficulty, fully utilizes the space inside the battery pack, and saves the assembly cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery pack and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the high-voltage box in a battery pack is usually assembled as a whole. That is, the high-voltage components are located inside the high-voltage box and connected to other components through high and low voltage wiring harnesses on the high-voltage box. When there are many branches and the battery pack structure is complex, the assembly of the high-voltage box in a limited space becomes complicated, and the connecting wiring harnesses are long and numerous, which increases the design and assembly costs of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of this application provide a battery pack and an electrical device, in which the electrical components are not constrained by the high-voltage enclosure, saving layout space and reducing assembly difficulty and cost.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack including a plurality of sub-boxes stacked along a first direction, each sub-box being provided with at least one battery module;

[0005] One of the sub-boxes has a receiving cavity, the electrical components are installed on the inner wall of the receiving cavity, and multiple battery modules are electrically connected to the electrical components respectively.

[0006] In the battery pack provided in this application embodiment, a sub-box is provided with a receiving cavity, and electrical components are installed on the inner wall of the receiving cavity. The electrical components are not constrained by the traditional high-voltage box and can be directly electrically connected to multiple battery modules in the battery pack. This improves the flexibility of the electrical component arrangement, reduces the installation difficulty, makes full use of the internal space of the battery pack, and saves assembly costs.

[0007] In some embodiments, the electrical components include a charging / discharging component and a battery management element.

[0008] The charge / discharge assembly is a crucial component for charging and discharging the battery pack, while the battery management element monitors the battery pack's status. By distributing the charge / discharge assembly and battery management element within the housing of the sub-box, we can improve layout flexibility, reduce installation difficulty, and save assembly costs.

[0009] In some embodiments, the charging and discharging assembly includes a relay, a first fuse, and a first manual maintenance switch.

[0010] The relay, first fuse, and first manual maintenance switch in the charging / discharging assembly are all high-voltage components. By distributing them within the housing of the sub-box, mutual interference can be reduced, heat dissipation can be improved, and they can be directly connected to the battery modules in the battery pack, thereby improving assembly efficiency. In contrast, in traditional technology, the relay, first fuse, and first manual maintenance switch are usually integrated into the high-voltage box, requiring connection to the battery modules via a transition structure on the high-voltage box, which is complex and difficult to assemble.

[0011] In some embodiments, electrical components are connected to the battery module via a wiring harness.

[0012] In other words, the electrical components are directly connected to the battery module via connecting harnesses. Since the electrical components are distributed throughout the housing, the connecting harnesses are not constrained by traditional high-voltage enclosures, allowing for greater flexibility in layout and reducing assembly difficulty.

[0013] In some embodiments, each sub-box is provided with at least one battery monitoring unit and at least one second manual maintenance switch;

[0014] The battery monitoring unit and the battery module are set up one-to-one, and the second manual maintenance switch is connected in series with the battery module.

[0015] The battery monitoring unit can detect parameters such as voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of the battery modules. By configuring the battery monitoring unit to correspond one-to-one with each battery module, abnormalities in individual battery modules can be accurately identified, allowing for timely fault detection. The second manual maintenance switch provides electrical isolation in case of battery pack failure. By connecting the second manual maintenance switch in series with the battery modules, it can disconnect the electrical connection when overcurrent, short circuit, or over-temperature occurs in the battery modules, improving battery pack safety.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a detection circuit connected to battery monitoring units in a plurality of sub-boxes, and the detection circuit is also connected to a battery management element.

[0017] By connecting the detection circuit to the battery monitoring units in multiple sub-boxes and to the battery management element, the battery management element can obtain the status of the battery modules in different sub-boxes through the battery monitoring units and determine whether the battery modules in the sub-boxes have malfunctioned.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a control circuit connected to a plurality of second manual service switches, and the control circuit is also connected to a battery management element.

[0019] The control circuit is connected to the second manual maintenance switch and the battery management unit respectively. The second manual maintenance switch can be controlled according to the battery module status obtained by the battery management unit to achieve electrical isolation and improve the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0020] In some embodiments, the battery pack includes multiple output branches, which are connected in parallel or in series.

[0021] Each output branch has at least one battery module and at least one second manual maintenance switch.

[0022] By incorporating multiple output branches within the battery pack, and connecting these branches in parallel or series, the output voltage and power of the battery pack can be adjusted as needed to meet the requirements of different application scenarios. Furthermore, by equipping each output branch with at least one battery module and at least one second manual maintenance switch, the on / off state of the corresponding output branch can be controlled via the second manual maintenance switch, ensuring the safety and stability of the battery pack.

[0023] In some embodiments, each output branch is provided with multiple battery modules, and the multiple battery modules on each output branch are distributed in different sub-boxes.

[0024] By distributing multiple battery modules on the same output branch into different sub-boxes, the risk of thermal runaway can be reduced through physical isolation between the sub-boxes. Furthermore, this approach saves the volume of individual sub-boxes, improves space utilization based on the battery pack's application scenario, and simultaneously meets the requirements for output voltage and power.

[0025] In some embodiments, the battery pack also includes a plurality of second fuses;

[0026] At least one second fuse is installed on each output branch.

[0027] By installing at least one second fuse on each output branch, overcurrent protection can be achieved on the output branch, electrical isolation can be quickly realized, and the risk of thermal runaway can be reduced.

[0028] In some embodiments, a sub-box having a receiving cavity is disposed at one end of the battery pack in a first direction.

[0029] By placing the sub-box with a receiving cavity at one end in the first direction, the electrical components can be arranged at one end of the battery pack in the first direction, simplifying the arrangement of the wiring harness between the electrical components and the battery module and improving maintenance convenience. Furthermore, placing it at one end of the battery pack in the first direction improves the heat dissipation performance of the electrical components.

[0030] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including the battery pack described above.

[0031] The electrical device provided in this application embodiment has all the beneficial effects of the battery pack described above, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0037] Figure 5 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 100. Battery pack; 10. Sub-box; 11. Battery module; 12. Receiving cavity; 13. Battery monitoring unit; 14. Second manual maintenance switch; 15. Second fuse; 20. Electrical components; 21. Charging and discharging components; 211. Relay; 212. First fuse; 213. First manual maintenance switch; 22. Battery management element; 31. Output branch; 32. Detection circuit; 33. Control circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0041] Firstly, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a battery pack 100, including multiple sub-boxes 10 stacked along a first direction X, each sub-box 10 containing at least one battery module 11. One of the sub-boxes 10 has a receiving cavity 12, an electrical component 20 is mounted on the inner wall of the receiving cavity 12, and the multiple battery modules 11 are electrically connected to the electrical component 20 respectively.

[0042] In the battery pack 100 provided in this application embodiment, a sub-box 10 is provided with a receiving cavity 12, and the electrical component 20 is installed on the inner wall of the receiving cavity 12. The electrical component 20 is not constrained by the traditional high-voltage box and can be directly electrically connected to multiple battery modules 11 in the battery pack 100. This improves the flexibility of the arrangement of the electrical component 20, reduces the installation difficulty, and makes full use of the internal space of the battery pack 100, saving assembly costs.

[0043] In conventional technology, electrical components 20 are typically housed within a high-voltage enclosure, which is then assembled with the battery module 11. To achieve electrical connection between the electrical components 20 and the battery module 11, adapter connectors are required on the high-voltage enclosure. This assembly process is complex, the wiring harnesses between the electrical components 20 and the battery module 11 are long and numerous, and the high-voltage enclosure requires significant space, making its layout challenging.

[0044] The battery pack 100 provided in this application embodiment makes reasonable use of the space in the sub-box 10, and directly distributes the electrical components 20 in the receiving cavity 12 of one of the sub-boxes 10, so that the electrical components 20 can be directly electrically connected to the battery module 11, eliminating the process of assembling to the high-voltage box and transferring through the connector on the high-voltage box, reducing the assembly difficulty, saving the material cost of the high-voltage box, reducing the space occupied by the high-voltage box, and improving the space utilization rate of the battery pack 100.

[0045] Understandably, as needed, all battery modules 11 in the battery pack 100 can be electrically connected to the electrical component 20, or multiple battery modules 11 can form a group, with multiple battery modules 11 in each group being electrically connected to the electrical component 20.

[0046] For example, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the battery pack 100 includes multiple sub-boxes 10 stacked along a first direction X. Each sub-box 10 has the same size and shape. Some sub-boxes 10 contain two battery modules 11, while one sub-box 10 contains one battery module 11. The remaining space forms a receiving cavity 12 for accommodating the dispersed electrical components 20. On the one hand, this reduces the cost of designing and manufacturing a separate high-voltage enclosure; on the other hand, it makes reasonable use of the space in the sub-boxes 10 and simplifies the assembly process by dispersing the electrical components 20.

[0047] Understandably, the number of sub-boxes 10 can be set as needed, and the number of battery modules 11 in each sub-box 10 can also be set as needed. When the battery pack 100 is used in a scenario with ample vertical space but limited horizontal space, the number of sub-boxes 10 can be increased, and the number of battery modules 11 in a single sub-box 10 can be decreased. Conversely, when the battery pack 100 is used in a scenario with limited vertical space but ample horizontal space, the number of sub-boxes 10 can be decreased, and the number of battery modules 11 in a single sub-box 10 can be increased.

[0048] In some embodiments, electrical component 20 includes charging / discharging component 21 and battery management element 22.

[0049] The charging and discharging assembly 21 is an important component for charging and discharging the battery pack 100, and the battery management element 22 is a component for detecting the state of the battery pack 100. By distributing the charging and discharging assembly 21 and the battery management element 22 in the receiving cavity 12 of the sub-box 10, the layout flexibility can be improved, the installation difficulty can be reduced, and the assembly cost can be saved.

[0050] In some embodiments, the charging and discharging assembly 21 includes a relay 211, a first fuse 212, and a first manual maintenance switch 213.

[0051] The relay 211 controls the on / off state of the high-voltage circuit in the charging / discharging assembly 21, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the battery pack 100. The first fuse 212 prevents battery pack 100 malfunctions caused by overcurrent and short circuits. When the current exceeds the rated value of the first fuse 212, the fuse body in the first fuse 212 will melt due to overheating, thus achieving electrical isolation. The first manual maintenance switch 213 can realize a high-voltage interlock function, ensuring the safety and reliability of the battery pack 100.

[0052] The relay 211, the first fuse 212, and the first manual maintenance switch 213 in the charging / discharging assembly 21 are all high-voltage components. By distributing them in the receiving cavity 12 of the sub-box 10, their mutual influence can be reduced, heat dissipation can be improved, and they can be directly connected to the battery module 11 in the battery pack 100, thereby improving assembly efficiency. In contrast, in conventional technology, the relay 211, the first fuse 212, and the first manual maintenance switch are usually integrated into the high-voltage box, requiring connection to the battery module 11 through a transition structure on the high-voltage box, which is complex and difficult to assemble.

[0053] In some embodiments, electrical component 20 is connected to battery module 11 via a wiring harness.

[0054] That is, the electrical components 20 are directly connected to the battery module 11 via connecting wire harnesses. Since the electrical components 20 are distributed in the housing cavity 12, the connecting wire harnesses are not constrained by the traditional high-voltage enclosure, which provides greater flexibility in arrangement and reduces assembly difficulty.

[0055] For example, the connecting harness can be a conductor, a flexible flat cable, or a connector, and a suitable connecting harness can be selected as needed. For instance, the high-voltage electrical component 20 can be a copper busbar, an aluminum busbar, or a connector, while the low-voltage electrical component 20 can be a conductor or a flexible flat cable.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, each sub-box 10 is equipped with at least one battery monitoring unit 13 and at least one second manual maintenance switch 14. The battery monitoring unit 13 and the battery module 11 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second manual maintenance switch 14 is connected in series with the battery module 11.

[0057] The battery monitoring unit 13 can detect parameters such as voltage, temperature, and internal resistance of the battery module 11. By configuring the battery monitoring unit 13 to correspond one-to-one with the battery module 11, abnormalities in a single battery module 11 can be accurately identified, allowing for timely fault detection. The second manual maintenance switch 14 provides electrical isolation when the battery pack 100 malfunctions. By connecting the second manual maintenance switch 14 in series with the battery module 11, the electrical connection can be severed when the battery module 11 experiences overcurrent, short circuit, or over-temperature, thus improving the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the battery pack 100 also includes a detection circuit 32, which is connected to the battery monitoring units 13 in the multiple sub-boxes 10 respectively, and is also connected to the battery management element 22.

[0059] By connecting the detection circuit 32 to the battery monitoring unit 13 in multiple sub-boxes 10 and to the battery management element 22, the battery management element 22 can obtain the status of the battery modules 11 in different sub-boxes 10 through the battery monitoring unit 13 and determine whether the battery modules 11 in the sub-boxes 10 have malfunctioned.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the battery pack 100 also includes a control circuit 33, which is connected to a plurality of second manual maintenance switches 14 respectively, and the control circuit 33 is also connected to the battery management element 22.

[0061] The control circuit 33 is connected to the second manual maintenance switch 14 and the battery management unit, respectively. The second manual maintenance switch 14 can be controlled according to the status of the battery module 11 obtained by the battery management unit, so as to achieve electrical isolation and improve the safety and reliability of the battery pack 100.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the battery pack 100 includes multiple output branches 31, which are connected in parallel or in series.

[0063] Each output branch 31 has at least one battery module 11 and at least one second manual maintenance switch 14.

[0064] By setting multiple output branches 31 in the battery pack 100 and connecting them in parallel or series, the output voltage and output power of the battery pack 100 can be adjusted as needed to meet the requirements of different application scenarios. By setting at least one battery module 11 and at least one second manual maintenance switch 14 on each output branch 31, the on / off state of the corresponding output branch 31 can be controlled by the second manual maintenance switch 14, ensuring the safety and stability of the battery pack 100.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, each output branch 31 is provided with multiple battery modules 11, and the multiple battery modules 11 on each output branch 31 are distributed in different sub-boxes 10.

[0066] By distributing multiple battery modules 11 on the same output branch 31 into different sub-boxes 10, the risk of thermal runaway propagation can be reduced through physical isolation between the different sub-boxes 10. In addition, this method can also save the volume of a single sub-box 10, improve space utilization according to the application scenario of the battery pack 100, and meet the requirements of output voltage and output power at the same time.

[0067] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the battery pack 100 also includes a plurality of second fuses 15;

[0068] At least one second fuse 15 is provided on each output branch 31.

[0069] By setting at least one second fuse 15 on each output branch 31, overcurrent protection can be achieved for the output branch 31, electrical isolation can be quickly realized, and the risk of thermal runaway can be reduced.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a sub-box 10 with a receiving cavity 12 is disposed at one end of the battery pack 100 in the first direction X.

[0071] By positioning the sub-box 10 with the receiving cavity 12 at one end in the first direction X, the electrical component 20 can be arranged at one end of the battery pack 100 in the first direction X, simplifying the arrangement of the wiring harness between the electrical component 20 and the battery module 11 and improving maintenance convenience. Furthermore, positioning it at one end of the battery pack 100 in the first direction X improves the heat dissipation performance of the electrical component 20.

[0072] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the first direction X is the height direction of the battery pack 100. The sub-box 10 with the receiving cavity 12 can be set at the top or bottom of the battery pack 100, thereby simplifying the wiring harness arrangement between the electrical components 20 and the battery module 11 and ensuring heat dissipation performance.

[0073] It is understandable that, such as Figure 3 As shown, depending on actual needs, the sub-box 10 with the receiving cavity 12 can also be disposed in the middle of the battery pack 100 in the first direction X.

[0074] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including the battery pack 100 as described above.

[0075] The power supply device provided in this application embodiment has all the beneficial effects of the battery pack 100 as described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0076] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes multiple sub-boxes stacked along a first direction, and each sub-box is provided with at least one battery module. One of the sub-boxes is provided with a receiving cavity, electrical components are installed on the inner wall of the receiving cavity, and multiple battery modules are electrically connected to the electrical components respectively.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical components include charging / discharging components and battery management elements.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging and discharging assembly includes a relay, a first fuse, and a first manual maintenance switch.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical components are connected to the battery module via a wiring harness.

5. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the sub-boxes is equipped with at least one battery monitoring unit and at least one second manual maintenance switch; The battery monitoring unit and the battery module are configured in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second manual maintenance switch is connected in series with the battery module.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a detection circuit, which is connected to the battery monitoring units in the multiple sub-boxes, and is also connected to the battery management element.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a control circuit, which is connected to a plurality of second manual maintenance switches and is also connected to the battery management element.

8. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery pack includes multiple output branches, which are connected in parallel or in series. Each of the output branches has at least one of the battery modules and at least one of the second manual maintenance switches.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the output branches is provided with multiple battery modules, and the multiple battery modules on each output branch are distributed in different sub-boxes.

10. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes multiple second fuses; At least one second fuse is provided on each of the output branches.

11. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The sub-box having the receiving cavity is disposed at one end of the battery pack in the first direction.

12. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-11.

Images