Energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of energy storage device, energy storage system and charging network. Energy storage device includes: outer box, battery device, heat exchange part and electric heating part, wherein, outer box has accommodating space;Battery device is contained in accommodating space, and battery device has first wall;Heat exchange part is arranged on the first wall, and heat exchange part has flow channel, heat exchange medium is arranged in flow channel, and heat exchange medium is used to adjust the temperature of battery device;Electric heating part is arranged on the side of heat exchange part away from battery device, and electric heating part is used to heat heat exchange medium in flow channel after electrification, to heat battery device, and electric heating part includes heating wire, heating wire is arranged on the side of electric heating part close to heat exchange part, and in the plane perpendicular to first direction, the orthographic projection of heating wire and the orthographic projection of flow channel at least partially coincide. Based on the application embodiment, the heat exchange performance of battery device can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, and more specifically, to an energy storage device, an energy storage system, and a charging network. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of battery technology, various new energy industries utilizing battery devices as energy storage equipment have experienced rapid development. In the development of battery technology, the heat exchange performance of battery devices is crucial; for example, it directly affects the reliability and lifespan of the battery device. Therefore, how to improve the heat exchange performance of battery devices is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides an energy storage device, an energy storage system, and a charging network that can improve the heat exchange performance of battery devices.

[0004] In a first aspect, an energy storage device is provided, comprising an outer casing, a battery device, a heat exchanger, and an electric heating element. The outer casing has a receiving space; the battery device is received in the receiving space and has a first wall; the heat exchanger is disposed on the first wall and has a flow channel, in which a heat exchange medium is disposed, which is used to regulate the temperature of the battery device; the electric heating element is disposed on the side of the heat exchanger away from the battery device, and the electric heating element is used to heat the heat exchange medium in the flow channel after being energized, thereby heating the battery device.

[0005] In the embodiments of this application, the energy storage device has a cooling requirement for most of its operating time. By directly mounting the heat exchanger on the first wall of the battery device, the effective heat exchange area can be increased, thereby improving cooling efficiency and temperature uniformity. Simultaneously, an electric heating element is mounted on the side of the heat exchanger facing away from the battery device to heat the battery device when heating is required. Since the electric heating element is located on the back of the heat exchanger, it does not occupy or interfere with the cooling-heat exchange interface between the heat exchanger and the battery device. This design satisfies both the cooling requirement of the energy storage device during long-term operation and the heating function, thus improving the heat exchange performance of the energy storage device.

[0006] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger and the orthographic projection of the electric heating element coincide on a plane perpendicular to the first direction, where the first direction is the thickness direction of the first wall.

[0007] In the embodiment of this application, the overlapping projection design enables the heat generated by the electric heating element to be uniformly transferred to the heat exchanger along the thickness direction, reducing the risk of local overheating and improving the temperature uniformity of the battery device; at the same time, the heat exchanger covers the same area as the electric heating element on the first wall of the battery device, increasing the effective heat exchange area and thus improving the heat exchange performance.

[0008] In some embodiments, the electric heating element includes a heating wire disposed on the side of the electric heating element near the heat exchanger, and on a plane perpendicular to a first direction, the orthographic projection of the heating wire and the orthographic projection of the flow channel at least partially overlap, the first direction being the thickness direction of the first wall.

[0009] In the solution of this application embodiment, the design allows the heat generated by the heating wire to act directly on the flow channel area of ​​the heat exchanger. After the flow channel is uniformly heated, the heat is transferred to all parts of the battery device through the heat exchanger and the heat exchange medium in the flow channel, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the battery device, quickly achieving temperature balance, and improving the temperature uniformity performance in the heating mode.

[0010] In some embodiments, the battery device includes a battery cell and a second wall, the first wall intersecting the second wall. The energy storage device also includes a cell sampling unit disposed on the second wall and electrically connected to the battery cell for collecting voltage and / or temperature information of the battery cell. The electric heating element also includes a connecting wire, one end of which is electrically connected to a heating wire, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the cell sampling unit.

[0011] In the embodiments of this application, by arranging the cell sampling unit on the second wall so that it does not occupy the area of ​​the first wall of the battery device, the first wall can be used entirely for attaching the heat exchanger. Simultaneously, the electric heating element is electrically connected to the cell sampling unit via a connecting wire, allowing the electric heating element to draw power directly from the cell sampling unit, eliminating the need for a separate power supply interface for the electric heating element. This simplifies the electrical wiring structure and improves space utilization.

[0012] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an overcurrent protection element connected in series with the connecting line; and / or, the overcurrent protection element is connected in series with the heating line.

[0013] In the solution of this application embodiment, when an overcurrent occurs in the circuit where the overcurrent protection device is located, the overcurrent protection device cuts off the connection line and / or heating line, thereby interrupting the electrical connection between the electric heating device and the battery cell sampling unit, causing the electric heating device to stop heating, so as to protect the electric heating device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a temperature sensor disposed on the heating wire for collecting temperature information of the heating wire.

[0015] In the solution of this application embodiment, a temperature sensor is set on the heating wire to collect the temperature information of the heating wire, and then obtain the temperature information of the battery device, thereby achieving more accurate heating control of the battery device.

[0016] In some embodiments, the temperature sensor is configured such that when the temperature collected by the temperature sensor is greater than a threshold, the cell sampling unit disconnects the electrical connection with the electric heating element.

[0017] In the solution of this application embodiment, when the temperature information collected by the temperature sensor is greater than the threshold, the cell sampling unit disconnects the electrical connection with the electric heating element, thereby causing the electric heating element to stop generating heat, thereby reducing the continuous transfer of heat to the battery device, reducing the risk of the battery device being damaged due to overheating, and realizing the protection of the battery device.

[0018] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an insulating element disposed between the heat exchange element and the first wall; and / or, the insulating element is disposed between the heat exchange element and the electric heating element.

[0019] In the embodiments of this application, by providing an insulating member between the heat exchanger and the first wall of the battery device, the electrical conduction path between the heat exchanger and the battery device can be blocked; by providing an insulating member between the heat exchanger and the electric heating member, the electrical conduction path between the heat exchanger and the electric heating member can be blocked, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit caused by the heat exchanger contacting other components and improving the electrical safety performance of the energy storage device.

[0020] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger and the orthographic projection of the insulation element coincide on a plane perpendicular to the first direction, where the first direction is the thickness direction of the first wall.

[0021] In the embodiment of this application, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger and the orthographic projection of the insulating component coincide on a plane perpendicular to the first direction, further reducing the risk of short circuits caused by the heat exchanger contacting other components and improving the electrical safety performance of the energy storage device.

[0022] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an insulation layer disposed on the side of the electric heating element away from the housing space.

[0023] In the embodiments of this application, by providing an insulation layer on the side of the electric heating element away from the housing space, the insulation layer can prevent the heat generated by the electric heating element from dissipating to the outside of the housing space, so that more heat is directed to the heat exchange element and the battery device side, thereby reducing heat loss, reducing the problem of increased auxiliary power consumption due to heat loss, and improving the heating performance of the energy storage device.

[0024] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger and the electric heating element are connected by adhesive bonding.

[0025] In the embodiments of this application, adhesive bonding can fill the gap between the heat exchanger and the electric heating element, increase the effective contact area, thereby reducing the contact thermal resistance between the two and improving the efficiency of heat transfer from the electric heating element to the heat exchanger.

[0026] In some embodiments, the electric heating element includes a substrate layer, a heating layer, an electrode layer, and a protective layer, wherein the heating layer is disposed on one side of the substrate layer; the electrode layer is disposed on the side of the heating layer opposite to the substrate layer and is used to supply power to the heating layer; the protective layer is disposed on the side of the electrode layer opposite to the heating layer; wherein the heating layer and / or the electrode layer are patterned to form heating lines.

[0027] In the embodiment of this application, the heating layer and the electrode layer are bonded together through the aforementioned layered structure. When the electrode layer supplies power to the heating layer, the heating layer generates heat. The protective layer is disposed on the outermost side, providing physical protection and insulation for the heating layer and the electrode layer. The substrate layer serves as a load-bearing layer, providing structural support for the heating layer and the electrode layer. This multi-layer composite structure integrates power supply and heating functions into one unit, making the overall structure of the electric heating element compact and facilitating its bonding and assembly with the heat exchanger. It also improves the mechanical strength and electrical safety performance of the electric heating element.

[0028] In a second aspect, an energy storage system is provided, comprising: a power conversion device; and an energy storage device of the first aspect, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect a power generation device and an energy storage device.

[0029] Thirdly, a charging network is provided, comprising: a charging pile; an energy storage device of the first aspect or an energy storage system of the second aspect, the energy storage device or energy storage system being used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 An exploded view of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0031] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0032] Figure 3 A plan view of an electric heating element provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0034] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0035] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electric heating element provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a charging network according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 4. Charging pile; 5. Connector; 10. Energy storage device; 11. Outer casing; 12. Battery device; 120. First wall; 123. Battery cell; 13. Heat exchanger; 130. Flow channel; 14. Electric heating element; 140. Heating wire; 15. Cell sampling unit; 121. Second wall; 142. Positive terminal; 143. Negative terminal; 24. SBMU; 141. Connecting wire; 16. Overcurrent protection element; 17. Temperature sensor; 18. Insulation element; 19. Thermal insulation layer; 20. Substrate layer; 21. Heating layer; 22. Electrode layer; 23. Protective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0041] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0044] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0045] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0048] Unless otherwise specified, all steps of this application may be performed sequentially or randomly, preferably sequentially. For example, the method includes steps (a) and (b), indicating that the method may include steps (a) and (b) performed sequentially, or it may include steps (b) and (a) performed sequentially. For example, the mention that the method may also include step (c) indicates that step (c) may be added to the method in any order; for example, the method may include steps (a), (b), and (c), or it may include steps (a), (c), and (b), or it may include steps (c), (a), and (b), etc.

[0049] The battery apparatus mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0050] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells.

[0051] As an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells together to form an independent module. As another example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cells housed within the housing.

[0053] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which can be housed in a housing by fixing the battery module in the housing.

[0054] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0055] As an example, the enclosure may include a first enclosure and a second enclosure. The first enclosure and the second enclosure are fastened together to form a closed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first enclosure may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0056] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0057] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0058] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use individual battery cells, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships, and spacecraft. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft.

[0059] This application provides an energy storage device including one or more battery clusters to increase the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device. The battery cluster may include multiple battery devices, which are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device. When the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0060] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, an energy storage device can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires energy storage devices.

[0061] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0062] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include a cabinet and one or more battery clusters housed within the cabinet.

[0063] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include modules such as a thermal management module, a main control module, a central control module, a power distribution module, and a fire protection module.

[0064] As an example, the thermal management module may include a liquid cooling unit that supplies coolant to each battery device via piping to regulate the temperature of the individual battery cells.

[0065] As an example, the main control module can serve as the battery management unit for the battery cluster, used to monitor and manage the battery cluster. The main control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, or temperature of the battery cluster. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the battery cluster. The main control module includes modules such as an auxiliary battery management unit (SBMU) and a fusion switch.

[0066] As an example, the master control module can serve as the battery management unit for an energy storage device, used to monitor and manage the device. The master control module can monitor information such as the device's current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the energy storage device. As an example, the master control module may include modules such as an insulation monitoring module (IMM), a master battery management unit (MBMU), an Ethernet (ETH) module, and a fiber optic conversion module.

[0067] As an example, a fire protection system includes control panels, detectors, alarm devices, etc., used to detect, alarm, or extinguish fires in energy storage systems.

[0068] As an example, the power distribution unit can be used to distribute power to the power modules of the energy storage device.

[0069] In some embodiments, the energy storage system may include one or more energy storage devices and a power converter system (PCS), the power converter being connected between the power generation device and the energy storage device. The power generation device generates electrical energy, which can be stored in the energy storage device via the power converter. As examples, the power generation device may specifically be a solar panel, hydroelectric power generation equipment, thermal power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, etc. The specific type of power generation device is not limited in this application.

[0070] To balance cooling and heating needs, heating elements are typically positioned closer to the battery pack, with heat exchangers attached to them for heat transfer. However, in actual operation, cooling demands far outweigh heating demands. This is because energy storage devices generate significant Joule heat during charging and discharging, especially at high rates or in high-temperature environments, causing the battery pack's temperature to rise continuously. Heating, on the other hand, is only needed briefly during the low-temperature startup phase; once the battery pack reaches its normal operating temperature range, the heating function ceases. Therefore, energy storage devices operate in cooling or heat dissipation mode for most of their time. If the above-mentioned configuration is followed, the heating elements will occupy the heat exchange interface between the battery pack and the heat exchangers for an extended period, negatively impacting overall heat exchange performance. For example, during cooling, heat must pass from the battery pack through the heating elements to the heat exchangers. The thermal resistance of the heating elements themselves reduces cooling efficiency, and uneven distribution of the heating elements can lead to increased localized temperature differences. Therefore, improving the heat exchange performance of the battery pack is a pressing technical challenge.

[0071] Therefore, the energy storage device, energy storage system, and charging network provided in this application embodiment can solve the above-mentioned problems. The energy storage device in this application embodiment includes an outer casing, a battery device, a heat exchanger, and an electric heating element. The outer casing has a receiving space; the battery device is housed in the receiving space and has a first wall; the heat exchanger is connected to the first wall and has a flow channel, within which a heat exchange medium is disposed, used to regulate the temperature of the battery device; the electric heating element is connected to the side of the heat exchanger away from the battery device, and the electric heating element is used to heat the heat exchange medium in the flow channel after being energized, thereby heating the battery device.

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, the energy storage device has a cooling requirement for most of its operating time. Directly attaching the heat exchanger to the first wall of the battery device increases the effective heat exchange area, thereby improving cooling efficiency and temperature uniformity. Simultaneously, an electric heating element is provided on the side of the heat exchanger facing away from the battery device to heat the battery device when heating is required. Since the electric heating element is located on the back of the heat exchanger, it does not occupy or interfere with the cooling-heat exchange interface between the heat exchanger and the battery device. This design satisfies both the cooling requirement of the energy storage device during long-term operation and the heating function, thus improving the heat exchange performance of the energy storage device.

[0073] Figure 1 An exploded structural diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Exemplary, Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram. Figure 3 A plan view of an electric heating element 14 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0074] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the energy storage device 10 in this embodiment includes an outer casing 11, a battery device 12, a heat exchanger 13, and an electric heating element 14. The outer casing 11 has a receiving space; the battery device 12 is received in the receiving space and has a first wall 120; the heat exchanger 13 is connected to the first wall 120 and has a flow channel 130. A heat exchange medium is disposed in the flow channel 130 and is used to regulate the temperature of the battery device 12; the electric heating element 14 is connected to the side of the heat exchanger 13 away from the battery device 12, and the electric heating element 14 is used to heat the heat exchange medium in the flow channel 130 after being energized, so as to heat the battery device 12.

[0075] The battery device 12 may include one or more battery cells 123. In some embodiments, in order to improve the space utilization within the battery device 12, the battery cells 123 within the battery device 12 are usually arranged in a certain pattern.

[0076] The shape of the battery cell 123 in this embodiment can be set according to actual application. For example, the battery cell 123 can be cylindrical, cuboid or other shapes, and this embodiment is not limited to these.

[0077] It should be understood that, for ease of description, the embodiments in this application are described as follows: Figure 2As shown, taking the energy storage device 10 in the figure as an example, the first direction Z can be the height direction of the energy storage device 10, or, if the battery device 12 has a first wall 120, the first direction Z can be the thickness direction of the energy storage device 10; the second direction X can be the length direction of the energy storage device 10. The third direction Y can be the width direction of the energy storage device 10, and the first direction Z is perpendicular to the second direction X and the third direction Y.

[0078] The outer casing 11 can be made of metal materials (such as sheet metal parts) or composite materials, and has a certain structural strength and protection level.

[0079] The battery device 12 has a first wall 120, which can be any wall of the battery device 12. In other words, the first wall 120 is the first wall 120 of the battery cell 123 in the battery device 12.

[0080] The heat exchanger 13 is connected to the first wall 120 of the battery device 12. The heat exchanger 13 has a flow channel 130, in which a heat exchange medium is disposed. The heat exchange medium can be a fluid medium such as a coolant (e.g., water, ethylene glycol aqueous solution), a refrigerant, or air. The heat exchange medium is used to regulate the temperature of the battery device 12, that is, to absorb the heat generated by the battery device 12 in cooling mode and to transfer the heat to the battery device 12 in heating mode.

[0081] The heat exchanger 13 can be a liquid-cooled plate or a heat spreader, and can be made of a material with good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum alloy or copper alloy. The shape of the internal flow channel 130 of the heat exchanger 13 can be straight, serpentine, U-shaped, or a parallel multi-channel structure to increase the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the wall of the heat exchanger 13 and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0082] The flow channel 130 of the heat exchanger 13 can be configured in two ways.

[0083] In one embodiment, the flow channel 130 is positioned towards the first wall 120, meaning the flow channel 130 is closer to the battery device 12. When the heat exchange medium flows within the flow channel 130, it directly cools or heats the first wall 120. This arrangement can shorten the heat transfer path and improve the heat exchange response speed.

[0084] In another embodiment, the flow channel 130 is disposed away from the first wall 120, that is, the flow channel 130 is closer to the side of the heat exchanger 13 away from the battery device 12. In this case, the heat needs to pass through the thickness of the substrate of the heat exchanger 13 before being transferred to the first wall 120, but it is beneficial to exchange heat with the electric heating element 14 disposed on the back side, so that the heat generated by the electric heating element 14 is transferred more directly to the heat exchange medium in the flow channel 130.

[0085] During normal operation of the energy storage device 10, cooling demand constitutes the majority. When the temperature of the battery device 12 rises to a set value, the energy storage device 10 activates the cooling mode. In the cooling mode, the heat exchange medium circulates within the flow channel 130. The heat generated by the battery device 12 is transferred to the heat exchanger 13 through the first wall 120. After absorbing heat, the heat exchange medium inside the heat exchanger 13 flows out of the heat exchanger 13 and is discharged to the outside via an external heat dissipation device (such as a radiator, condenser, or cooling unit). The cooled heat exchange medium flows back into the heat exchanger 13, forming a cycle.

[0086] During the low-temperature startup phase, the energy storage device 10 needs to heat the battery device 12 to bring it to its normal operating temperature. This heating requirement is temporary, and the energy storage device 10 activates the heating mode. In heating mode, the electric heating element 14 generates heat after being energized. The heat is first transferred to the heat exchanger 13. Since the electric heating element 14 is located on the side of the heat exchanger 13 furthest from the battery device 12, the heat is evenly distributed throughout the heat exchanger 13 before being transferred to the first wall 120 of the battery device 12, ultimately heating the battery device 12. Because the electric heating element 14 does not occupy the heat exchange interface between the heat exchanger 13 and the first wall 120, the heat exchanger 13 can still simultaneously circulate the heat exchange medium even in heating mode. When the heat exchange medium flows within the flow channel 130, it helps to evenly distribute heat, quickly transporting the heat generated by the electric heating element 14 to various areas of the battery device 12. Furthermore, when the local temperature of the battery device 12 is too high, the heat exchange medium can also regulate the temperature, reducing the risk of localized overheating.

[0087] It should be understood that on a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger 13 and the orthographic projection of the first wall 120 can coincide, so as to increase the heat exchange area and improve the overall heat exchange performance.

[0088] In the embodiment of this application, the energy storage device 10 has a cooling requirement during most of its operation. Directly attaching the heat exchanger 13 to the first wall 120 of the battery device 12 increases the effective heat exchange area, thereby improving cooling efficiency and temperature uniformity. Simultaneously, an electric heating element 14 is provided on the side of the heat exchanger 13 facing away from the battery device 12, so that the battery device 12 can be heated via the heat exchanger 13 when heating is required. Since the electric heating element 14 is located on the back of the heat exchanger 13, it does not occupy or interfere with the cooling-heat exchange interface between the heat exchanger 13 and the battery device 12. This design satisfies both the cooling requirement of the energy storage device 10 during long-term operation and the heating function, thereby improving the heat exchange performance of the energy storage device 10.

[0089] In some embodiments, the relationship between the orthographic projections of the electric heating element 14 and the heat exchange element 13 on a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z is as follows: One situation, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, on a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger 13 and the orthographic projection of the electric heating element 14 coincide, where the first direction Z is the thickness direction of the first wall 120. This overlapping projection design allows the heat generated by the electric heating element 14 to be uniformly transferred to the heat exchanger 13 along the thickness direction, reducing the risk of local overheating and improving the temperature uniformity of the battery device 12. At the same time, the heat exchanger 13 covers the same area on the first wall 120 of the battery device 12 as the electric heating element 14, increasing the effective heat exchange area.

[0090] Specifically, in cooling mode, the heat exchanger 13 cools the battery device 12 through its internal heat exchange medium. Since the heat exchanger 13 covers the same area as the electric heating element 14, the area on the first wall 120 of the battery device 12 covered by the projection of the electric heating element 14 can all participate in heat exchange, thereby increasing the effective heat exchange area and improving cooling efficiency. In heating mode, the electric heating element 14 is energized and generates heat, which is uniformly transferred along the thickness direction to various areas of the heat exchanger 13. The heat exchanger 13 then transfers the heat to the corresponding area of ​​the first wall 120 of the battery device 12. Due to the overlapping projections, the heat transfer path is short, the thermal resistance is low, the heating response speed is fast, and the temperature distribution is uniform.

[0091] In another scenario, on a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger 13 can coincide with the orthographic projection of the electric heating element 14.

[0092] In other words, the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14 have overlapping areas on the projection surface, while each also has its own independent area that does not overlap.

[0093] Within the overlapping region, the heat generated by the electric heating element 14 can be directly transferred along the thickness direction to the heat exchanger 13. The heat transfer path in this region is the same as in the first case, resulting in high heat transfer efficiency. Within the non-overlapping region, the heat generated by the electric heating element 14 needs to first diffuse laterally through the substrate material of the heat exchanger 13 before being transferred to the first wall 120 of the battery device 12 corresponding to the non-overlapping region, or the electric heating element 14 may not directly supply heat to this region.

[0094] In some embodiments, in the first direction Z, there is a gap between the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14, and the two are connected by bolts.

[0095] Specifically, the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14 are not directly attached, but rather a certain gap is maintained between them. Bolts are passed through mounting holes on both the electric heating element 14 and the heat exchanger 13, and then tightened with nuts. This connection method facilitates disassembly and maintenance. When the electric heating element 14 malfunctions and needs replacement, it can be removed from the heat exchanger 13 simply by loosening the bolts, without damaging other components.

[0096] It should be noted that, due to the gap between the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14, an air layer may form between them. Air is a poor thermal conductor, which will increase the contact thermal resistance between the two and have a certain impact on the heat transfer efficiency. To address this, thermal contact can be improved by filling the gap with a thermally conductive medium (such as thermal grease or thermal pads).

[0097] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14 are connected by adhesive.

[0098] Specifically, an adhesive layer is applied or bonded between the contact interface of the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14, which firmly bonds the two together. The adhesive layer can be made of materials such as thermally conductive adhesive, thermally conductive double-sided tape, or structural adhesive.

[0099] Optionally, the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14 can be connected by adhesive bonding, bolting, or a combination of both. For example, adhesive bonding can be used in the main areas of the contact interface to reduce contact thermal resistance, while a small number of bolts are used in the edge areas for auxiliary fixation to prevent the adhesive layer from detaching due to aging or vibration during long-term use. This combination method ensures good thermal contact and improves the reliability of the connection.

[0100] It should be understood that the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14 can also be connected by means of snap-fit ​​connection, welding or other methods, and this application does not limit this connection.

[0101] In the embodiments of this application, adhesive bonding can fill the gap between the contact interface of the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14, increasing the effective contact area, thereby reducing the contact thermal resistance between the two and improving the efficiency of heat transfer from the electric heating element 14 to the heat exchanger 13. Adhesive bonding also has a certain buffering and vibration damping effect, absorbing the thermal stress generated between the electric heating element 14 and the heat exchanger 13 due to the difference in their coefficients of thermal expansion, reducing the risk of fatigue damage caused by thermal cycling.

[0102] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of an energy storage device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0103] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the electric heating element 14 includes a heating wire 140, which is disposed on the side of the electric heating element 14 near the heat exchanger 13. On a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the heating wire 140 and the orthographic projection of the flow channel 130 at least partially overlap.

[0104] When the heating wire 140 is energized, the current flows through it, raising its temperature and generating Joule heat. The heat generated is first transferred to the surface of the electric heating element 14, and then to the flow channel 130 of the heat exchange element 13 in contact with it. Through the heat exchange medium in the heating flow channel 130, the heat is finally transferred to the battery device 12 via the heat exchange element 13.

[0105] The heating wire 140 can be straight, serpentine, U-shaped, ring-shaped, mesh-like, or comb-like. The wire width, wire spacing, and thickness of the heating wire 140 can be designed according to the requirements of heating power density and uniformity.

[0106] In one possible implementation, the orthographic projection of the heating wire 140 on a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z completely coincides with the orthographic projection of the flow channel 130, that is, the heating wire 140 is arranged along the extension direction of the flow channel 130, and the routing of the heating wire 140 is basically consistent with the direction of the flow channel 130.

[0107] For example, the flow channel 130 is arranged in a serpentine manner inside the heat exchanger 13, extending from one end of the heat exchanger 13 to the other, forming multiple meandering flow channel paths 130. Correspondingly, the heating wire 140 is also arranged in a serpentine manner following the direction of the flow channel 130, with the heating wire 140 laid along the center line of the flow channel 130 or close to the wall of the flow channel 130. When the heating wire 140 is energized and generates heat, the heat is directly applied to the wall of the flow channel 130, and the wall of the flow channel 130 is uniformly heated. A heat exchange medium is disposed inside the flow channel 130. In heating mode, the heat exchange medium circulates within the flow channel 130. Since the heating wire 140 is arranged following the flow channel 130, the heat directly heats the wall of the flow channel 130, and the wall of the flow channel 130 then transfers the heat to the flowing heat exchange medium. After absorbing heat, the temperature of the heat exchange medium rises, and the heat is transported to the battery device 12 with the flow of the medium.

[0108] Through the synergistic effect of the heating wire 140 following the flow channel 130 and the heat exchange medium, the temperature difference between the individual battery cells 123 inside the battery device 12 is reduced, and the overall temperature can quickly reach a balanced state, thus improving the heating response speed and temperature uniformity.

[0109] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the heating wire 140 coincides with the orthographic projection of the flow channel 130 in a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0110] Specifically, the projected area of ​​the heating line 140 overlaps with the projected area of ​​the flow channel 130. However, a portion of the projected area of ​​the heating line 140 extends beyond the projected area of ​​the flow channel 130, or a portion of the projected area of ​​the flow channel 130 is not covered by the heating line 140. In other words, the heating line 140 is not arranged completely along the entire flow channel 130, but is only installed in certain sections of the flow channel 130, or the width of the heating line 140 is less than the width of the flow channel 130, resulting in it only covering a portion of the flow channel 130.

[0111] For example, the flow channel 130 extends relatively long within the heat exchanger 13, but the heating line 140 is only provided in one or several sections of the flow channel 130. For instance, the heating line 140 is only provided in the inlet section of the flow channel 130, and not in the middle or outlet sections of the flow channel 130; or the heating line 140 is provided at the bends and turns of the flow channel 130, and not in the straight sections; or the heating line 140 is distributed at intervals in different positions of the flow channel 130 in the form of multiple independent heating line 140 segments.

[0112] For example, the width of the heating wire 140 is smaller than the width of the flow channel 130, and the projection of the heating wire 140 falls inside the projection of the flow channel 130, but only covers a portion of the width of the flow channel 130. For example, the width of the flow channel 130 is 10 mm, the width of the heating wire 140 is 3 mm, and the heating wire 140 is arranged near one side wall of the flow channel 130 without covering the entire width of the flow channel 130.

[0113] For example, the extension direction of the heating line 140 is at a certain angle to the extension direction of the flow channel 130, and their projections intersect to form an overlapping area. However, the heating line 140 only covers a portion of the flow channel 130 in the length direction and also only covers a portion in the width direction.

[0114] It should be understood that the power consumption of the heating wire 140 is related to the total length of the heating wire 140 and the heating power per unit length. The partially overlapping design reduces the total length of the heating wire 140, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the electric heating element 14. For the energy storage system powered by the battery device 12 itself, this can extend the battery life in heating mode and reduce the dependence on auxiliary power.

[0115] In the embodiment of this application, the design allows the heat generated by the heating wire 140 to act directly on the flow channel 130 area of ​​the heat exchanger 13. After the flow channel 130 is uniformly heated, the heat is transferred to all parts of the battery device 12 through the heat exchanger 13 and the heat exchange medium in the flow channel 130, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the battery device 12, quickly achieving temperature balance, and improving the temperature uniformity performance in the heating mode.

[0116] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figures 2 to 4As shown, the battery device 12 includes a battery cell 123 and a second wall 121. The first wall 120 intersects with the second wall 121. The energy storage device 10 also includes a cell sampling unit 15, which is disposed on the second wall 121 and is electrically connected to the battery cell 123 for collecting voltage and / or temperature information of the battery cell 123. The electric heating element 14 also includes a connecting wire 141, one end of which is electrically connected to the heating wire 140, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the cell sampling unit 15.

[0117] The battery device 12 may include multiple battery cells 123. In order to improve the overall space utilization, the multiple battery cells 123 may be arranged along the second direction X or the third direction Y.

[0118] For example, the battery device 12 has multiple outer surfaces, including a first wall 120 and a second wall 121. The first wall 120 and the second wall 121 intersect, that is, the first wall 120 and the second wall 121 are two adjacent and mutually perpendicular outer surfaces of the battery device 12. For example, the first wall 120 may be the bottom surface of the battery device 12, facing the heat exchanger 13; the second wall 121 may be the side surface of the battery device 12, for mounting the cell sampling unit 15.

[0119] The Cell Sampling Circuit (CSC) 15 is a printed circuit board or flexible circuit board, on which sampling circuits, connectors, and sampling harness connector sockets can be integrated.

[0120] Specifically, the CSC15 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals (or the two ends of the connecting piece of each battery cell 123) via a sampling harness (or printed circuitry on a flexible circuit board). The internal sampling circuit of the CSC15 detects the potential difference across each battery cell 123 to obtain the voltage value of each cell. For multiple battery cells 123 connected in series, the CSC15 can also detect the total voltage and the voltage drop across each cell to determine whether the battery device 12 is in an overvoltage, undervoltage, or voltage imbalance state.

[0121] CSC15 is electrically connected to a temperature sensor 17 located on the surface of the battery cell 123 or near the electrode terminals. The temperature sensor 17 converts the temperature signal into an electrical signal (such as a change in resistance). The analog-to-digital converter circuit inside CSC15 converts the electrical signal into a temperature value, thereby obtaining temperature information for different areas of each battery cell 123 or battery device 12.

[0122] The CSC15 transmits the collected voltage and temperature information to the main control unit of the battery management system, such as the SBMU, via a communication bus (such as CAN bus, I2C bus, or daisy-chain communication), for status monitoring, equalization control, charge and discharge management, and fault protection.

[0123] The heating wire 140 requires electricity to generate heat, therefore it has two terminals, namely a positive terminal 142 and a negative terminal 143. Accordingly, the connecting wire 141 includes a positive terminal connecting wire and a negative terminal connecting wire.

[0124] One end of the positive terminal wire is connected to the positive terminal 142 of the heating wire 140, and the other end is connected to the positive power supply terminal on the CSC15. One end of the negative terminal wire is connected to the negative terminal 143 of the heating wire 140, and the other end is connected to the negative power supply terminal (or ground terminal) on the cell sampling unit 15.

[0125] When CSC15 receives the heating command sent by SBMU24, CSC15 connects the positive power supply terminal to the positive power supply terminal and the negative power supply terminal to the negative power supply terminal through its internal switching circuit, thereby creating a voltage difference across the two ends of the heating wire 140, and the current flows through the heating wire 140 to make it heat up.

[0126] The cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting wire 141 can be selected according to the rated current of the heating wire 140 to ensure that the connecting wire 141 will not overheat due to overcurrent.

[0127] The connection between the connecting wire 141 and the heating wire 140 can be achieved by soldering, crimping, plugging, or bonding with conductive adhesive. The connection between the connecting wire 141 and the battery cell sampling unit 15 can be achieved by soldering to the pads or inserting into the board-to-wire connector.

[0128] The energy storage device 10 includes multiple electrical devices, such as an electric heating element 14, a cooling system, a battery management system, and a communication module. To centrally distribute and protect these devices, the energy storage device 10 is equipped with a distribution box. The input terminal of the distribution box is connected to the battery device 12, and it contains protective components such as a main positive relay, a main negative relay, and fuses. Multiple power supply branches are led out from the distribution box and connected to different electrical devices.

[0129] The electric heating element 14 requires power from the battery device 12. If a direct wire is run from the battery device 12 to the electric heating element 14, an independent switch, controller, and protection circuit are needed, along with a long power supply harness, resulting in significant space consumption and complex wiring. To simplify the structure, this application indirectly connects the electric heating element 14 to the battery device 12 via a CSC15. Specifically, the CSC15 is already mounted on the second wall 121 of the battery device 12, and integrates a control switch and a microcontroller. The power from the battery device 12 first enters the distribution box, then is delivered to the CSC15 via the heating power supply branch within the distribution box. The CSC15 controls whether to supply power to the electric heating element 14 via its internal control switch. Simultaneously, the CSC15 uses its microcontroller to read data from the temperature sensor 17 to determine whether heating is needed, and controls the switch accordingly. This design eliminates the need for a separate switch, controller, and protection circuit for the electric heating element 14, and also eliminates the need for a long power supply harness, thus simplifying the electrical structure and saving space.

[0130] The control switch internally installed in the CSC15 can be a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) or a relay. One end of the control switch is connected to the power input terminal of the CSC15, and the other end is connected to the connection line 141 of the electric heating element 14. The connection line 141 of the electric heating element 14 includes a positive connection line 141 and a negative connection line 141, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the heating wire 140 of the electric heating element 14.

[0131] When CSC15 receives a heating command, it closes its internal control switch, allowing electrical energy from the distribution box to flow through CSC15 to the electric heating element 14, energizing the heating wire 140 and causing it to heat up. When heating needs to be stopped, CSC15 disconnects the control switch, cutting off the power supply, and the heating wire 140 stops heating.

[0132] In the embodiment of this application, by arranging the CSC15 on the second wall 121, it does not occupy the area of ​​the first wall 120 of the battery device 12, thus allowing the first wall 120 to be fully used to fit the heat exchanger 13. At the same time, the electric heating element 14 draws power from the distribution box through the CSC15, eliminating the need for a separate distribution box for the electric heating element 14, thereby saving space utilization and simplifying the electrical wiring structure.

[0133] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the energy storage device 10 also includes an overcurrent protection element 16, which is connected in series to the connecting line 141; and / or, the overcurrent protection element 16 is connected in series to the heating line 140.

[0134] The overcurrent protection component 16 can be a fuse. The overcurrent protection component 16 is used to improve electrical safety. Specifically, during the heating control process, if the control switch inside CSC15 fails and cannot be disconnected, or the temperature sensor 17 fails and cannot trigger the power-off protection normally, the electric heating element 14 may continue to be powered on for a long time, causing the temperature of the electric heating element 14 to rise continuously. The heat is continuously transferred to the battery device 12, which may lead to safety problems such as local overheating and thermal runaway of the battery device 12.

[0135] By setting up an overcurrent protection device 16, when an overcurrent occurs in the circuit where the overcurrent protection device 16 is located, the overcurrent protection device 16 itself will activate to cut off the circuit where the connecting line 141 is located or cut off the heating line 140, thereby interrupting the electrical connection between the electric heating element 14 and CSC15, and causing the electric heating element 14 to stop heating.

[0136] The overcurrent protection element 16 can be installed on the connecting wire 141 for easy replacement, or the overcurrent protection element 16 can be installed on the heating wire 140. For example, the overcurrent protection element 16 can be installed on the positive terminal 142 or the negative terminal 143 to protect the electric heating element 14.

[0137] The electric heating element 14 can be of various types, including but not limited to metal resistance wire heating film, metal etched sheet heating film, positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating film, etc.

[0138] It should be noted that when the electric heating element 14 uses a PTC heating film, the overcurrent protection device 16 is not required. The PTC heating film has a positive temperature coefficient, and the resistance of its heating layer 21 increases exponentially with increasing temperature. When the temperature of the PTC heating film reaches the set Curie temperature, its resistance becomes very high, the current flowing through it becomes very small, and the heating power decreases accordingly to a negligible level. In other words, the PTC heating film itself can automatically limit the maximum temperature and will not heat up indefinitely due to continuous power supply; therefore, there is no need to install an additional overcurrent protection device 16 or other temperature control devices.

[0139] In the solution of this application embodiment, when an overcurrent occurs in the circuit where the overcurrent protection device 16 is located, the overcurrent protection device 16 cuts off the connection line 141, thereby interrupting the electrical connection between the electric heating device 14 and the battery cell sampling unit 15, so that the electric heating device 14 stops heating, thereby protecting the electric heating device 14.

[0140] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the energy storage device 10 also includes a temperature sensor 17, which is disposed on the heating wire 140 and is used to collect the temperature information of the heating wire 140.

[0141] The number of temperature sensors 17 can be multiple. When the electric heating element 14 includes multiple heating wires 140, temperature sensors 17 can be respectively installed on multiple heating wires 140. For example, one temperature sensor 17 can be installed on each heating wire 140 in different areas of the electric heating element 14 to monitor the temperature distribution at different locations. Multiple temperature sensors 17 can provide more comprehensive temperature information, which helps to achieve fine-grained temperature management of the electric heating element 14 and prevent local overheating.

[0142] Temperature sensor 17 is electrically connected to CSC15 via a temperature sampling harness. Specifically, the signal output terminal of temperature sensor 17 is connected to one end of the temperature sampling harness, and the other end of the temperature sampling harness is connected to the temperature sampling interface of CSC15. CSC15 reads the temperature data collected by temperature sensor 17 through the temperature sampling harness. When CSC15 determines that the temperature collected by a certain temperature sensor 17 exceeds a preset threshold, it can disconnect the control switch and stop supplying power to the electric heating element 14, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the electric heating element 14 due to overheating.

[0143] The temperature sensor 17 can be a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, a PTC thermistor, a thermocouple, or an integrated circuit temperature sensor 17.

[0144] Alternatively, the temperature sensor 17 may be a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, which is easily matched with the sampling circuit of CSC15.

[0145] In the embodiment of this application, a temperature sensor 17 is set on the heating wire 140 to collect the temperature information of the heating wire 140, thereby obtaining the temperature information of the battery device 12, so as to achieve more accurate heating control of the battery device 12.

[0146] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the temperature sensor 17 is configured such that when the temperature collected by the temperature sensor 17 is greater than a threshold, the cell sampling unit 15 disconnects the electrical connection with the electric heating element 14.

[0147] The threshold can be set according to the thermal safety requirements of the electric heating element 14 and the battery device 12. For example, when the heating wire 140 is a metal resistance wire, the threshold can be set to 80℃~100℃; when the heating wire 140 is a PTC heating layer 21, the threshold can be set to the Curie temperature of the PTC material (e.g., 60℃~120℃). The threshold can be pre-stored in the memory inside the cell sampling unit 15, or it can be configured and adjusted by the SBMU24 through an external communication interface.

[0148] The disconnection between the battery cell sampling unit 15 and the electric heating element 14 can be controlled by the microcontroller inside the battery cell sampling unit 15. Alternatively, it can be controlled by the SBMU24. For example, the temperature sensor 17 converts the collected temperature signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the battery cell sampling unit 15 through the temperature sampling harness. The analog-to-digital converter inside the battery cell sampling unit 15 converts this signal into a temperature value, and the microcontroller compares this value with a preset threshold. When the temperature value is determined to be greater than the threshold, the microcontroller outputs a control signal to drive the control switch inside the battery cell sampling unit 15 to open, thereby cutting off the electrical connection between the electric heating element 14 and the battery cell sampling unit 15, and stopping the electric heating element 14 from heating.

[0149] In the embodiment of this application, when the temperature information collected by the temperature sensor 17 is greater than the threshold, the cell sampling unit 15 disconnects the electrical connection with the electric heating element 14, thereby causing the electric heating element 14 to stop generating heat, thereby reducing the continuous transfer of heat to the battery device 12, reducing the risk of the battery device 12 being damaged due to overheating, and achieving protection for the battery device 12.

[0150] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an energy storage device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Exemplary, Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0151] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the energy storage device 10 also includes an insulating element 18, which is disposed between the heat exchange element 13 and the first wall 120; and / or, the insulating element 18 is disposed between the heat exchange element 13 and the electric heating element 14.

[0152] The insulating component 18 can be a layered structure with electrical insulation properties, used to block the current conduction path and reduce the risk of short circuits. The insulating component 18 can take the form of an insulating coating, an insulating film, an insulating gasket, etc. For example, the insulating coating can be epoxy resin insulating varnish, polyurethane insulating varnish, ceramic coating, etc.; the insulating film can be polyester PET film, polyimide PI film, etc.

[0153] In one embodiment, an insulating element 18 is disposed between the heat exchanger 13 and the first wall 120 of the battery device 12. Specifically, an insulating layer is sprayed or adhered to the surface of the heat exchanger 13 facing the first wall 120, and then the heat exchanger 13 is connected to the first wall 120. The insulating element 18, located between the heat exchanger 13 and the first wall 120, blocks the electrical conduction path between them. Even if the heat exchanger 13 develops surface scratches or corrosion due to manufacturing defects or long-term use, the insulating element 18 can effectively reduce the risk of a short circuit between the heat exchanger 13 and the battery device 12.

[0154] In another embodiment, an insulator 18 is disposed between the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14. Specifically, an insulating layer is sprayed or adhered to the surface of the heat exchanger 13 facing the electric heating element 14, or the surface of the electric heating element 14 facing the heat exchanger 13, and then the electric heating element 14 is connected to the heat exchanger 13. The insulator 18, located between the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating element 14, blocks the electrical conduction path between them. Since the electric heating element 14 carries voltage, if its insulation layer is damaged, current may be conducted to the heat exchanger 13, and then through the heat exchanger 13 to the battery device 12 or other metal components. By providing the insulator 18 between them, this risk of leakage can be reduced.

[0155] Based on the two setup methods mentioned above, insulation components 18 can also be installed at both locations to form double electrical isolation, further enhancing electrical safety performance.

[0156] In a specific manufacturing process, an insulating coating is first sprayed onto the bottom of the heat exchanger 13 (i.e., the side facing the first wall 120 of the battery device 12) to reduce the risk of short circuit between the heat exchanger 13 and the battery device 12. Then, the heat exchanger 13 is bonded or fixed to the first wall 120 of the battery device 12. Next, an insulating coating is similarly sprayed onto the side of the heat exchanger 13 away from the first wall 120 to reduce the risk of leakage between the electric heating element 14 and the heat exchanger 13. Through the above process, the insulating element 18 is tightly fitted to the heat exchanger 13, and the insulating element 18 is located between the heat exchanger 13 and adjacent components, providing electrical isolation.

[0157] In the embodiments of this application, by providing an insulating member 18 between the heat exchanger 13 and the first wall 120 of the battery device 12, the electrical conduction path between the heat exchanger 13 and the battery device 12 can be blocked; by providing an insulating member 18 between the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating member 14, the electrical conduction path between the heat exchanger 13 and the electric heating member 14 can be blocked, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit caused by the heat exchanger 13 contacting other components and improving the electrical safety performance of the energy storage device 10.

[0158] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, on a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger 13 and the orthographic projection of the insulating member 18 coincide, and the first direction Z is the thickness direction of the first wall 120.

[0159] In other words, the projection area of ​​the insulating element 18 on the first wall 120 of the battery device 12 completely overlaps with the projection area of ​​the heat exchange element 13 on the first wall 120. The insulating element 18 does not extend beyond the edge of the heat exchange element 13, and the heat exchange element 13 does not extend beyond the edge of the insulating element 18. Through this overlapping projection design, the insulating element 18 can completely cover the contact interface between the heat exchange element 13 and the first wall 120, ensuring that every contact area between the two is separated by the insulating element 18, and there is no area where bare metal directly faces each other.

[0160] In the embodiment of this application, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger 13 and the orthographic projection of the insulating component 18 coincide on the plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, which further reduces the risk of short circuit caused by the heat exchanger 13 contacting other components and improves the electrical safety performance of the energy storage device 10.

[0161] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage device 10 also includes an insulation layer 19, which is disposed on the side of the electric heating element 14 away from the housing space.

[0162] The insulation layer 19 can be made of materials with low thermal conductivity, such as insulation cotton, aerogel felt, foam plastics (such as polyurethane foam, phenolic foam), or insulation coatings. The thickness of the insulation layer 19 can be selected according to the required insulation performance and the size of the space to be accommodated. The insulation layer 19 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer composite structure.

[0163] The insulation layer 19 is disposed on the side of the electric heating element 14 away from the housing space, that is, on the side of the electric heating element 14 away from the heat exchange element 13 and the battery device 12. The insulation layer 19 can be connected to the electric heating element 14 by means of bonding, spraying, mechanical pressing or snap fastening.

[0164] In one embodiment, the insulation layer 19 is directly attached to the outer surface of the electric heating element 14, covering all or most of the area of ​​the electric heating element 14.

[0165] In another embodiment, the insulation layer 19 can also be fixed to the inner wall of the outer casing 11 and maintain contact or a gap with the back of the electric heating element 14.

[0166] In one specific manufacturing process, after the connection between the electric heating element 14 and the heat exchange element 13 is completed, an insulation layer 19 is sprayed or pasted on the back side of the electric heating element 14 (i.e., the side that is not in contact with the heat exchange element 13). The insulation layer 19 can completely cover the back side of the electric heating element 14 and can extend to cover the edge gap between the electric heating element 14 and the heat exchange element 13 to further reduce heat loss from the side.

[0167] Optionally, an insulating layer may be provided between the insulation layer 19 and the electric heating element 14. This insulating layer can be used to further block the electrical conduction path that may exist between the electric heating element 14 and the insulation layer 19, reducing the risk of leakage caused by conductive impurities in the insulation layer 19 material or by conductivity after being damp.

[0168] In the embodiment of this application, by providing a heat insulation layer 19 on the side of the electric heating element 14 away from the housing space, the heat insulation layer 19 can prevent the heat generated by the electric heating element 14 from dissipating to the outside of the housing space, so that more heat is directed to the heat exchange element 13 and the battery device 12 side, thereby reducing heat loss, reducing the problem of increased auxiliary power consumption due to heat loss, and improving the heating performance of the energy storage device 10.

[0169] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electric heating element 14 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Exemplary, Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram.

[0170] According to some embodiments of this application, optionally, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the electric heating element 14 includes a substrate layer 20, a heating layer 21, an electrode layer 22, and a protective layer 23. The heating layer 21 is disposed on one side of the substrate layer 20; the electrode layer 22 is disposed on the side of the heating layer 21 opposite to the substrate layer 20 and is used to supply power to the heating layer 21; the protective layer 23 is disposed on the side of the electrode layer 22 opposite to the heating layer 21; wherein the heating layer 21 and / or the electrode layer 22 are patterned to form heating lines 140.

[0171] Specifically, the electric heating element 14 can be a PTC heating film, and the material selection and function of each layer are as follows: The substrate layer 20 serves as the load-bearing layer for the entire electric heating element 14, providing structural support for the heating layer 21, electrode layer 22, and protective layer 23. The substrate layer 20 possesses excellent insulation properties, preventing leakage, and can provide flexible or rigid support depending on the application. The material of the substrate layer 20 can be silicone, a ceramic substrate, or fiberglass. When using a silicone substrate, its thickness is typically 0.5mm to 1.5mm, offering high flexibility suitable for conforming to irregular surfaces (such as curved or irregular battery device 12 surfaces) for conformal mounting. When using a ceramic substrate, its thickness is typically 1mm to 3mm, primarily suitable for planar mounting, and offers good high-temperature resistance, making it suitable for long-term operation in high-temperature environments.

[0172] A heating layer 21 is disposed on one side of the substrate layer 20. When energized, the heating layer 21 generates Joule heat, converting electrical energy into heat energy. The heating layer 21 exhibits a positive temperature coefficient, meaning its resistance increases with increasing temperature. When the temperature of the heating layer 21 reaches the set Curie temperature, the resistance increases sharply, the current flowing through it automatically decreases, and the heating power correspondingly drops to a negligible level. This self-limiting temperature characteristic allows the heating layer 21 to automatically limit its maximum temperature without the need for an additional temperature control device, while also providing overload protection. The material of the heating layer 21 can be ceramic-based (such as BaTiO3-based PTC ceramics) or polymer-based (such as a PTC conductive composite material made of silicone rubber and carbon black).

[0173] Electrode layer 22 is disposed on the side of heating layer 21 opposite to substrate layer 20, and is used to supply power to heating layer 21. Electrode layer 22 can be two layers, a positive electrode and a negative electrode, disposed on opposite sides of heating layer 21 along the first direction Z. Electrode layer 22 needs to have low contact resistance and stable conductivity to ensure efficient power transfer to heating layer 21 and reduce power loss on electrode layer 22. The material of electrode layer 22 can be nickel-plated copper sheet, conductive silver paste, or copper foil, etc. Nickel-plated copper sheet has good conductivity and corrosion resistance, suitable for high-current applications; conductive silver paste can be made by screen printing, capable of forming complex electrode patterns, suitable for mass production; copper foil has excellent conductivity and relatively low cost. Electrode layer 22 includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of an external power source. When external power supplies power to heating layer 21 through electrode layer 22, current flows through heating layer 21 between electrode layers 22, causing heating layer 21 to generate heat.

[0174] A protective layer 23 is disposed on the side of the electrode layer 22 opposite to the heating layer 21, and is used to protect the internal structure of the electric heating element 14. The protective layer 23 provides moisture protection, abrasion resistance, and flame retardancy, ensuring that the electric heating element 14 can withstand various harsh environments (such as high humidity, salt spray, vibration, dust, etc.) and extending its service life. The material of the protective layer 23 can be silicone, fluororubber, polyurethane, or a flame-retardant coating. Silicone has good flexibility and resistance to high and low temperatures; fluororubber has excellent chemical corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance; polyurethane has good abrasion resistance and mechanical strength; and a flame-retardant coating can prevent the spread of flames in the event of abnormal overheating, improving safety.

[0175] In the above-described layered structure, the heating layer 21 and / or electrode layer 22 are patterned to form the heating wire 140. Specifically, the electrode layer 22 supplies power to the heating layer 21, which heats up after being energized. The heating layer 21 and electrode layer 22 function as a single unit, jointly realizing the heating function of the electric heating element 14. By placing the electrode layer 22 on one side of the heating layer 21, the two are tightly bonded, allowing current to flow from the electrode layer 22 into the heating layer 21, forming a current path and generating heat within the heating layer 21. This design integrates power supply and heating functions into a single unit, resulting in a compact structure that is easy to assemble with the heat exchanger 13.

[0176] For example, the heating layer 21 can be a complete surface, but the electrode layer 22 is etched or printed into two parallel and intersecting comb-like or line-like structures. When energized, the current is concentrated on the linear path between the electrodes, thereby forming the heating line 140.

[0177] For example, the heating layer 21 material can be directly coated into lines using methods such as screen printing, and then electrodes can be connected to both ends of each line. In this case, each line itself is a heating line 140.

[0178] Therefore, the electrode layer 22 and / or the heating layer 21 together define the heating line 140.

[0179] From the side closest to the heat exchanger 13 to the side furthest away from it, the PTC heating film sequentially comprises a protective layer 23, an electrode layer 22, a heating layer 21, and a substrate layer 20. The protective layer 23 is positioned close to the heat exchanger 13 to protect the internal structure and provide insulation; the electrode layer 22 supplies power to the heating layer 21; the heating layer 21 generates heat when energized; and the substrate layer 20, located on the outermost side, provides structural support. The layers can be tightly bonded together using methods such as adhesive bonding, coating, printing, or hot pressing to form an integrated multilayer composite film.

[0180] In the embodiment of this application, through the above-described layered structure, the heating layer 21 and the electrode layer 22 are bonded together. When the electrode layer 22 supplies power to the heating layer 21, the heating layer 21 generates heat. The protective layer 23 is disposed on the outermost side, providing physical protection and insulation for the heating layer 21 and the electrode layer 22. The substrate layer 20 serves as a load-bearing layer, providing structural support for the heating layer 21 and the electrode layer 22. This multi-layered composite structure integrates power supply and heating functions, making the overall structure of the electric heating element 14 compact and easy to assemble with the heat exchange element 13, while also improving the mechanical strength and electrical safety performance of the electric heating element 14.

[0181] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electrical device including the battery device 12 described in any of the above embodiments, and the battery device 12 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0182] The electrical equipment can be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that utilize battery device 12.

[0183] According to some embodiments of this application, this application provides a charging network. Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a charging network according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 7 As shown, the charging network includes a charging pile 4 and an energy storage device 10. The charging pile 4 is electrically connected to the energy storage device 10, which provides power to the charging pile 4. The charging pile 4 is electrically connected to a battery device 12 in the energy storage device 10 via a cable, and the battery device 12 can provide its stored electrical energy to the charging pile 4. The charging pile 4 has one or more connectors 5 for connecting to electrical devices (such as vehicles) to replenish their power.

[0184] The energy storage device 10 can be located inside the charging pile (e.g., an integrated energy storage and charging unit) or outside the charging pile.

[0185] According to some embodiments of this application, see Figures 1 to 6 This application provides an energy storage device 10, which includes an outer casing 11, a battery device 12, a heat exchanger 13, and an electric heating element 14. The outer casing 11 has a receiving space; the battery device 12 is received in the receiving space and has a first wall 120; the heat exchanger 13 is disposed on the first wall 120 and has a flow channel 130. A heat exchange medium is disposed in the flow channel 130 and is used to regulate the temperature of the battery device 12; the electric heating element 14 is disposed on the side of the heat exchanger 13 away from the battery device 12, and the electric heating element 14 is used to heat the heat exchange medium in the flow channel 130 after being energized, so as to heat the battery device 12.

[0186] On a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger 13 and the orthographic projection of the electric heating element 14 coincide, and the first direction Z is the thickness direction of the first wall 120.

[0187] In some embodiments, the electric heating element 14 includes a heating wire 140, which is disposed on the side of the electric heating element 14 facing the heat exchanger 13, and the orthographic projection of the heating wire 140 and the orthographic projection of the flow channel 130 at least partially overlap in a plane perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0188] The battery device 12 includes a battery cell 123 and a second wall 121. The first wall 120 intersects with the second wall 121. The energy storage device 10 also includes a cell sampling unit 15, which is disposed on the second wall 121 and is electrically connected to the battery cell 123 for collecting voltage and / or temperature information of the battery cell 123. The electric heating element 14 also includes a connecting wire 141, one end of which is electrically connected to the heating wire 140, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the cell sampling unit 15.

[0189] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The outer casing (11) has a storage space; A battery device (12) is housed in the housing space, the battery device (12) having a first wall (120). A heat exchanger (13) is disposed on the first wall (120). The heat exchanger (13) has a flow channel (130) and a heat exchange medium is disposed in the flow channel (130). The heat exchange medium is used to regulate the temperature of the battery device (12). An electric heating element (14) is disposed on the side of the heat exchange element (13) away from the battery device (12), and the electric heating element (14) is used to heat the heat exchange medium in the flow channel (130) after being energized, so as to heat the battery device (12). The electric heating element (14) includes a heating wire (140), which is disposed on the side of the electric heating element (14) close to the heat exchanger (13). On a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of the heating wire (140) and the orthographic projection of the flow channel (130) at least partially overlap. The first direction is the thickness direction of the first wall (120).

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, On a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger (13) and the orthographic projection of the electric heating element (14) coincide, and the first direction is the thickness direction of the first wall (120).

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery device (12) includes a battery cell (123), and the battery device (12) also includes a second wall (121), wherein the first wall (120) intersects with the second wall (121). The energy storage device also includes: A cell sampling unit (15) is disposed on the second wall (121), and the cell sampling unit (15) is electrically connected to the battery cell (123) for collecting voltage information and / or temperature information of the battery cell (123); The electric heating element (14) also includes a connecting wire (141), one end of which is electrically connected to the heating wire (140), and the other end of which is electrically connected to the battery cell sampling unit (15).

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes: Overcurrent protection element (16), said overcurrent protection element (16) is connected in series with said connecting line (141); and / or, The overcurrent protection element (16) is connected in series with the heating wire (140).

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes: Temperature sensor (17) is disposed on the heating wire (140) and is used to collect temperature information of the heating wire (140).

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (17) is configured such that when the temperature collected by the temperature sensor (17) is greater than a threshold, the cell sampling unit (15) disconnects the electrical connection with the electric heating element (14).

7. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes: An insulating element (18) is disposed between the heat exchange element (13) and the first wall (120); and / or, The insulating element (18) is disposed between the heat exchange element (13) and the electric heating element (14).

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that, On a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the orthographic projection of the heat exchanger (13) and the orthographic projection of the insulating member (18) coincide, and the first direction is the thickness direction of the first wall (120).

9. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes: The insulation layer (19) is disposed on the side of the electric heating element (14) away from the receiving space.

10. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (13) and the electric heating element (14) are connected by adhesive.

11. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The electric heating element (14) includes: Substrate layer (20); A heating layer (21) is disposed on one side of the substrate layer (20); An electrode layer (22) is disposed on the side of the heating layer (21) away from the substrate layer (20) and is used to supply power to the heating layer (21); A protective layer (23) is disposed on the side of the electrode layer (22) opposite to the heating layer (21); The heating layer (21) and / or the electrode layer (22) are patterned to form the heating line (140).

12. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: Power conversion device; The energy storage device as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the power conversion device is used to electrically connect the power generation device and the energy storage device.

13. A charging network, characterized in that, include: Charging stations; The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or the energy storage system according to claim 12, wherein the energy storage device is used to provide electrical energy to the charging pile.

Images