A battery module and a battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of battery module and battery pack, battery module includes: multiple electric core, end plate;Multiple electric core is arranged along first direction, along first direction, end plate is set in the outside of electric core at the both ends of battery module;End plate includes body and buffer layer, body and buffer layer fixed connection, buffer layer is set in the side of body towards battery module.End plate body can be used as module end skeleton, can resist external impact and extrusion along first direction, buffer layer can be through self deformation, adapt the volume change of electric core, when charge-discharge electric core expands, buffer layer can be moderately compressed to reserve expansion space, avoid that electric core is extruded by the rigidity of end plate body, when thermal runaway violent expansion, buffer layer can further absorb expansion impact energy, relieve the load pressure to end plate, reduce end plate breakage risk.End plate composed of body and buffer layer can effectively prevent the deformation of shell or internal pole piece, diaphragm damage caused by electric core expansion, prolong the service life of electric core.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, specifically relating to a battery module and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] A battery module consists of battery cells that provide energy, end plates that fix the module, and heat insulation pads for heat insulation and buffering stress. Ideally, all battery cells should be paired with heat insulation pads of the same specifications, thickness, and material to ensure that the battery cells are subjected to uniform stress on a large surface and to accommodate the slight expansion and contraction during charging and discharging.

[0003] Due to limitations in assembly processes and space, the thermal insulation pads between the module end plates and the cells in the end plate area in existing solutions cannot be aligned with the thermal insulation pads of the middle cells. This results in the cells near the end plates losing sufficient buffering, directly bearing the rigid pressure of the end plates or experiencing uneven stress distribution, while the middle cells can still achieve uniform stress distribution through complete thermal insulation pads. During long-term charge-discharge cycles, the cells on the end plate side are prone to wrinkling and breakage of internal electrode plates due to continuous uneven stress, and the diaphragm may be damaged, leading to capacity reduction or even partial short circuits, ultimately shortening the cycle life of the cells themselves and the entire module. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, this utility model proposes a battery module and battery pack to solve the problem of reduced cell capacity at the battery end plate, which shortens the lifespan of the cell itself and the entire module.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery module, the battery module comprising: multiple battery cells and an end plate; The plurality of said battery cells are arranged along a first direction, and along the first direction, the end plate is disposed on the outside of the battery cells at both ends of the battery module; The end plate includes a body and a buffer layer, the body and the buffer layer are fixedly connected, and the buffer layer is disposed on the side of the body facing the battery module.

[0006] Optionally, the body has a groove on the side facing the battery cell, and the buffer layer is disposed in the groove.

[0007] Optionally, along the first direction, the thickness of the battery cell is H1, and the thickness of the groove is H2, where H2 ≥ 1%H1.

[0008] Optionally, when the battery cell is a ternary lithium battery cell, H2 ≥ 2.5% H1.

[0009] Optionally, along the first direction, the thickness of the groove is H2, and the thickness of the buffer layer is H3, where 0mm≤H3≤1.5H2.

[0010] Optionally, the battery cell and the buffer layer are bonded together with double-sided adhesive.

[0011] Optionally, the buffer layer and the groove are bonded together with double-sided adhesive.

[0012] Optionally, the surface perpendicular to the first direction is a first plane. In the first plane, the groove includes a first side and a second side, the length of the first side is L1, and the length of the second side is L2. The distance between the boundary of the buffer layer near the first side and the first side is a, and the distance between the boundary of the buffer layer near the second side and the second side is b, where a / L2=b / L1.

[0013] Optionally, the plane perpendicular to the first direction is a first plane. In the first plane, the area of ​​the buffer layer is S1, and the area of ​​the battery cell is S2. The area of ​​the buffer layer and the area of ​​the battery cell satisfy: S1 ≥ (1 / 4)S2.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, which includes any of the aforementioned battery modules.

[0015] In this embodiment, the end plate consists of a body and a buffer layer. The end plate body serves as the end frame of the module, capable of withstanding external impacts and compression along a first direction. The buffer layer can adapt to the volume changes of the battery cell through its own deformation. When the battery cell expands during charging and discharging, the buffer layer can be moderately compressed to reserve expansion space, preventing the battery cell from being rigidly compressed by the end plate body. During thermal runaway and severe expansion, the buffer layer can further absorb the expansion impact energy, alleviating the load pressure on the end plate and reducing the risk of end plate breakage. The end plate composed of the body and the buffer layer can effectively prevent the outer shell deformation or internal electrode and diaphragm damage caused by battery cell expansion, extending the service life of the battery cell. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery module along a first direction provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an end plate provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an end plate along a first direction provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an end plate along a first plane provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure label: 10. Battery cell; 20. End plate; 201. Body; 2011. Groove; 20111. First side; 20112. Second side; 202. Buffer layer; 30. Double-sided adhesive. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0020] It should be understood that the phrase "some embodiments" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "some embodiments" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0021] The following detailed description of a battery module provided in this application is provided through specific embodiments.

[0022] This application provides a battery module, as shown in the embodiments below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery module includes: multiple battery cells 10 and end plates 20; the multiple battery cells 10 are arranged along a first direction X, and the end plates 20 are disposed on the outer side of the battery cells 10 at both ends of the battery module along the first direction X; the end plates 20 include a body 201 and a buffer layer 202, the body 201 and the buffer layer 202 are fixedly connected, and the buffer layer 202 is disposed on the side of the body 201 facing the battery module.

[0023] Cell 10 is the basic unit for the battery module to store and release electrical energy. During the charge and discharge cycle, it will expand / contract to a certain extent due to temperature changes. Moreover, the outer shell is relatively fragile and needs to rely on other components for protection and constraint.

[0024] The end plate 20 is an end protection structure set at both ends of the battery module along the first direction X, directly contacting the edge cells 10. It plays a dual role of structural support and protection of the edge cells 10. It is composed of a body 201 and a buffer layer 202. The body 201 is usually made of high-strength, lightweight material to provide rigid support for the entire end plate 20. The buffer layer 202 is a flexible material with elasticity, resistance to high and low temperatures, and resistance to chemical corrosion. The body 201 and the buffer layer 202 are fixedly connected to form a unified end plate 20 assembly.

[0025] For example, the buffer layer can be made of materials such as aerogel or foam.

[0026] For example, the compression ratio of a portion of the buffer layer is ≥20% under a pressure of 0.7 MPa.

[0027] For the cell 10 near the end plate, the end plate 20 is a composite structure consisting of a body 201 and a buffer layer 202, which creates a protective barrier that combines rigid support and flexible buffering. The body 201, as a rigid foundation, can provide a stable structural frame for both ends of the module, avoiding external impacts and compression from directly acting on the edge cell 10. The buffer layer 202 is directly attached to the surface of the cell 10 near the end plate, which can transform the hard contact between the rigid body 201 and the cell 10 into a soft contact. This significantly reduces the risk of the edge cell 10 deforming its shell or cracking its seal due to rigid collision with the end plate 20 during the assembly of the end plate 20 or the handling of the module, thus providing direct protection for the edge cell 10 from the contact level.

[0028] During the charge and discharge cycle of cell 10, the cells 10 near the end plate will expand and contract due to temperature changes, just like the middle cells 10. When cell 10 expands, the buffer layer 202 can absorb the expansion stress through its own compression, preventing the edge cells 10 from being excessively squeezed due to the rigid obstruction of the end plate 20, and preventing the risk of short circuit caused by the deformation of the internal electrode sheets and the damage to the separator of cell 10. When cell 10 contracts, the buffer layer 202 can maintain a proper fit to cell 10, preventing vibration displacement caused by the gap between cell 10 and end plate 20, and further reducing the mechanical damage of edge cells 10 during the cycle.

[0029] During long-term charge and discharge cycles, the end plate side cell 10 and end plate 20 can maintain a proper fit, avoiding wrinkles, breakage and other conditions that affect the quality of the end plate side cell 10, thereby avoiding capacity reduction and partial short circuits, and improving the cycle life of the cell 10 itself and the entire module.

[0030] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 The main body 201 has a groove 2011 on the side facing the battery cell 10, and the buffer layer 202 is disposed in the groove 2011.

[0031] A groove 2011 is provided on the side of the end plate 20 body 201 facing the cell 10, and the buffer layer 202 is embedded in the groove 2011, which can provide precise positioning and limiting constraints for the buffer layer 202, greatly improving the assembly stability and long-term reliability of the buffer layer 202. The contour of the groove 2011 matches the shape of the buffer layer 202. During assembly, the buffer layer 202 can be quickly positioned directly through the groove 2011, avoiding offset or misalignment during manual pasting. This ensures that the buffer layer 202 accurately covers the critical area of ​​the main body 201 facing the edge cell 10, ensuring comprehensive protection of the edge cell 10. At the same time, the sidewalls and bottom of the groove 2011 provide three-dimensional restraint for the buffer layer 202. Even under conditions of long-term module vibration and repeated expansion and contraction of the cell 10, the buffer layer 202 is not easy to fall off or shift from the main body 201. This completely solves the problem of edge lifting and peeling caused by stress tension and temperature changes in traditional planar adhesive buffer layers 202, ensuring that the buffer layer 202 is always in an effective working position.

[0032] When traditionally flat-bonded buffer layers 202 are compressed, they tend to overflow towards the edge of the main body 201, resulting in a thinner buffer thickness and reduced stress absorption capacity in the corresponding area of ​​the battery cell 10. A groove 2011 is provided on the side of the main body 201 facing the battery cell 10. When the edge battery cell 10 expands during charging and discharging, it applies compressive stress to the buffer layer 202. The sidewall of the groove 2011 provides lateral constraint to the buffer layer 202, preventing it from escaping and deforming to either side under stress. The buffer layer 202 within the groove 2011 can only be compressed within the space of the groove 2011, ensuring that all expansion stress is fully absorbed by the buffer layer 202. This ensures that the pressure exerted by the buffer layer 202 on the battery cell 10 is evenly distributed, preventing excessive localized stress on the edge battery cell 10, which could lead to casing deformation or damage to the internal electrodes.

[0033] When the buffer layer 202 is embedded in the groove 2011, part or all of the thickness of the buffer layer 202 can be hidden in the groove 2011 space of the body 201. The overall thickness of the end plate 20 only needs to be slightly greater than or equal to the thickness of the body 201, without occupying additional space inside the module along the first direction X. This embedded structure can compress the space occupied by the end plate 20 while ensuring the thickness of the buffer layer 202, leaving more room for the arrangement of the battery cells 10. It can accommodate more battery cells 10 in a limited module size, or make the module thinner and lighter overall.

[0034] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 Along the first direction X, the thickness of the cell 10 is H1, and the thickness of the groove 2011 is H2, where H2 ≥ 1% H1.

[0035] During charge and discharge cycles, the cell expands along the first direction. If the thickness of the groove 2011 is too small, the thickness of the embedded buffer layer 202 will be insufficient. Due to the limited compression, it may not be able to completely offset the expansion stress of the cell 10, causing the edge cell 10 to be rigidly squeezed by the end plate 20 body 201, resulting in shell deformation or damage to the internal electrode sheets. However, the design of H2≥1%H1 can match the thickness of the groove 2011 according to the thickness of the cell 10 itself. The thicker the cell 10, the thicker the groove 2011 should be increased by a proportion not less than 1%H1. This allows the buffer layer 202 to obtain a thickness that matches the expansion amount of the cell 10, ensuring that the buffer layer 202 can be fully compressed when the cell 10 expands and can elastically rebound when the cell 10 contracts, always adhering to the surface of the cell 10. This avoids the loss of stress absorption capacity due to insufficient thickness of the buffer layer 202, providing continuous and reliable flexible protection for the edge cell 10.

[0036] Furthermore, this proportionally adaptable design avoids wasting module space due to excessive thickness of the groove 2011. It allows the end plate 20 structure to be compatible with battery cells 10 of different thicknesses, improving the versatility and flexibility of the module design, while achieving a balance between buffering function and space utilization within the limited module space.

[0037] Optionally, when cell 10 is a ternary lithium battery cell 10, H2 ≥ 2.5% H1.

[0038] Due to the crystal structure characteristics of its cathode material, the ternary lithium battery cell 10 exhibits a significantly higher volume expansion rate along its thickness direction during charge-discharge cycles compared to the lithium iron phosphate battery cell 10. The combined irreversible and reversible expansion over its entire lifespan typically reaches 2% to 3%, and even higher for some high-nickel systems. The design, with H2 ≥ 2.5% H1, increases the thickness of the groove 2011 proportionally, providing more ample space for the buffer layer 202. This ensures that the buffer layer 202 can fully absorb the greater expansion stress of the ternary lithium battery cell 10. When the cell 10 expands, the appropriately thickened buffer layer 202 can effectively compress and offset the expansion force, preventing the cell 10 from being rigidly squeezed by the end plate 20 body 201, which could lead to shell deformation, internal electrode wrinkling, or separator damage. This fundamentally reduces the risk of short circuits caused by expansion stress.

[0039] H2 is designed with a minimum of 2.5% H1, which can reserve additional compression margin for the buffer layer 202 under extreme temperature scenarios, avoid structural failure caused by high temperature expansion exceeding the buffer capacity, and ultimately improve the cycle life of the ternary lithium battery cell 10 module.

[0040] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 Along the first direction X, the thickness of the groove 2011 is H2, and the thickness of the buffer layer 202 is H3, where 0mm≤H3≤1.5H2.

[0041] If H3 exceeds 1.5H2, the thickness of the buffer layer 202 will far exceed the accommodating space of the groove 2011. Either it cannot be fully embedded in the groove 2011, causing the protruding part to be squeezed and wrinkled, disrupting the uniform fit with the surface of the battery cell 10, leading to localized stress concentration at the edge of the battery cell 10 and increasing the risk of casing deformation; or forced assembly will generate outward pushing stress on the end plate 20 body 201, causing deformation of the end plate 20, weakening the structural rigidity at both ends of the module, and even disrupting the arrangement of the battery cells 10. However, H3 ≥ 0mm ensures that there is sufficient buffer material filling the groove 2011, preventing the end plate 20 body 201 from directly forming hard contact with the battery cell 10 due to a missing or excessively thin buffer layer 202, thus losing its core function of flexible protection and laying the foundation for the subsequent implementation of the buffer function.

[0042] When the expansion rate of cell 10 is low, the thickness of buffer layer 202 is basically the same as the thickness of groove 2011. After embedding, it only slightly fills groove 2011. It can absorb the basic expansion stress and slight vibration of cell 10 through its own elasticity, and will not occupy additional module space due to excessive thickness. While ensuring basic protection functions, it maximizes module energy density. When the expansion rate of cell 10 is high, the thickness of buffer layer 202 is slightly larger than the thickness of groove 2011. After embedding, it forms a slightly pre-compressed state with a higher fit. It can quickly absorb the irreversible expansion stress of cell 10 during the first charge and discharge. Moreover, when facing larger expansion or severe vibration in the later stages of cycling, it can further compress and release the buffer margin, reducing the impact of vibration on the tabs and electrolyte of cell 10, and significantly improving the long-term reliability of edge cell 10.

[0043] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 The battery cell 10 and the buffer layer 202 are bonded together with double-sided adhesive 30.

[0044] In any of the aforementioned embodiments of the battery module, during the production process, the battery cell 10 and the buffer layer 202 can be bonded together using double-sided adhesive 30. The adhesive effect of the double-sided adhesive 30 can firmly fix the battery cell 10 and the buffer layer 202, ensuring that the buffer layer 202 always accurately covers the surface of the battery cell 10 facing the end plate 20. Even during long-term vibration or cyclic expansion / contraction of the battery cell 10, the relative position remains stable, allowing the protective function of the buffer layer 202 to continue to be effective.

[0045] The double-sided adhesive 30 can eliminate the tiny gaps between the battery cell 10 and the buffer layer 202 through its own adhesiveness, so that the buffer layer 202 is tightly attached to the surface of the battery cell 10. When the battery cell 10 expands during charging and discharging, the expansion stress can be evenly distributed to the entire buffer layer 202 through the conduction of the double-sided adhesive 30, avoiding local stress overload. At the same time, the tight adhesion can also allow the buffer layer 202 to absorb vibration energy more efficiently. When the vibration is transmitted to the surface of the battery cell 10, the double-sided adhesive 30 can drive the buffer layer 202 to vibrate synchronously, reducing the rebound of vibration at the gap, further reducing the impact of vibration on the internal tabs and electrode structure of the battery cell 10, and reducing the probability of tab loosening and electrolyte leakage.

[0046] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 The buffer layer 202 and the groove 2011 are bonded together with double-sided adhesive 30.

[0047] In any of the aforementioned embodiments of the battery module, during the manufacturing process, the buffer layer 202 and the groove 2011 can be bonded together using double-sided adhesive 30. During module assembly, under long-term vibration conditions, or under the pushing and pulling force generated by the cyclic expansion / contraction of the battery cell 10 on the buffer layer 202, if the buffer layer 202 is simply placed within the groove 2011, it is prone to sliding along the inner wall of the groove 2011 or even detaching from it. After the buffer layer 202 shifts, a local area of ​​the groove 2011 will lose its buffering material, causing the corresponding position of the battery cell 10 to directly contact the end plate 20 body 201, increasing the risk of deformation of the battery cell 10 casing and damage to the internal electrode sheets. The adhesive effect of the double-sided adhesive 30 can tightly fix the buffer layer 202 to the inner wall of the groove 2011, forming an integrated structure. Even under vibration or expansion stress impact, the buffer layer 202 can always remain in the preset position within the groove 2011, ensuring that it accurately covers the surface of the battery cell 10 facing the end plate 20, thus ensuring uninterrupted buffer protection.

[0048] The double-sided adhesive 30 can fill the tiny gap between the electric buffer layer 202 and the groove 2011 with adhesiveness, so that the two are tightly attached: when the buffer layer 202 is squeezed by the expansion force of the battery cell 10, the stress can be evenly distributed to the entire buffer layer 202 through the conduction of the double-sided adhesive 30, ensuring that the buffer layer 202 is uniformly compressed along the first direction X, maximizing the absorption of expansion stress.

[0049] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 The surface perpendicular to the first direction X is the first plane. In the first plane, the groove 2011 includes a first side 20111 and a second side 20112. The length of the first side 20111 is L1, and the length of the second side 20112 is L2. The distance between the boundary of the buffer layer 202 near the first side 20111 and the first side 20111 is a, and the distance between the boundary of the buffer layer 202 near the second side 20112 and the second side 20112 is b, where a / L2=b / L1.

[0050] In one or more of the aforementioned embodiments, the surface perpendicular to the first direction X is the first plane, that is, the surface parallel to the large surface of the battery cell 10 is the first plane. Along the first plane, the groove 2011 is a closed shape surrounded by two sets of symmetrical first sides 20111 and second sides 20112, wherein the two first sides 20111 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two second sides 20112 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0051] When the battery cell 10 expands during charging and discharging cycles or when the module is subjected to vibration and impact, the battery cell 10 will transmit pressure or vibration energy to the buffer layer 202. If the buffer layer 202 is unevenly distributed in the groove 2011, such as being too close to one side and too far from the other side, the stress will be concentrated in the thicker area of ​​the buffer layer 202, causing the area to be over-compressed, even exceeding the effective compressibility of the material and losing elasticity; while the thinner area cannot effectively absorb stress due to insufficient buffering, which in turn causes the corresponding position of the battery cell 10 to be subjected to excessive force, increasing the risk of shell deformation and internal electrode wrinkling. The setting of a / L2=b / L1 ensures that the distance between the buffer layer 202 and the first side 20111 and the second side 20112 of the groove 2011 remains proportionally consistent. That is, the center of the buffer layer 202 is consistent with the center of the groove 2011. Regardless of whether the groove 2011 is rectangular or other regular shapes, the buffer layer 202 can fill the groove 2011 in a symmetrical proportion. This ensures that the stress transmitted by the cell 10 can be evenly distributed to the entire groove 2011 area through the buffer layer 202. The compression amount of the buffer layer 202 in each area is basically the same, which avoids local over-compression failure and local insufficient buffering, thus maximizing the stress absorption capacity of the buffer layer 202.

[0052] Optionally, the plane perpendicular to the first direction X is the first plane. In the first plane, the area of ​​the buffer layer 202 is S1, and the area of ​​the battery cell 10 is S2. The area of ​​the buffer layer 202 and the area of ​​the battery cell 10 satisfy: S1≥1 / 4S2.

[0053] Within the first plane, the interaction between the battery cell 10 and the end plate 20 is mainly concentrated on the surface of the battery cell 10 facing the end plate 20. The stress during the expansion of the battery cell 10 and the energy transmitted by external vibrations will preferentially act on the middle and edge areas of the surface of the battery cell 10. If these areas lack buffer protection, they are prone to deformation of the battery cell 10 shell or damage to the internal structure due to excessive local stress. The setting of S1≥(1 / 4)S2 defines the minimum coverage area of ​​the buffer layer 202: even if the buffer layer 202 does not cover the entire surface of the battery cell 10, it can accurately cover the core area where the interaction between the battery cell 10 and the end plate 20 is most concentrated, such as the middle or edge key parts of the battery cell 10, by covering at least 1 / 4 of the area. For example, when the battery cell 10 expands along the first direction, the expansion stress can be evenly distributed through the coverage area of ​​the buffer layer 202, avoiding local compression caused by stress concentration in the uncovered area.

[0054] Different specifications of battery cells 10 have different areas S2 of their first plane. If the area of ​​the buffer layer 202 is a fixed value, there may be problems of wasted space or insufficient protection. However, by using a proportional relationship between S1 and (1 / 4)S2, the area of ​​the buffer layer 202 is adjusted synchronously with the area of ​​the battery cell 10: the larger the area of ​​the battery cell 10, the larger the minimum area of ​​the buffer layer 202 is, ensuring that it can cover a larger core stress area; the smaller the area of ​​the battery cell 10, the smaller the minimum area of ​​the buffer layer 202 is, avoiding space redundancy. At the same time, this proportional setting also provides tolerance for assembly errors. Even if there is a slight positional shift of the buffer layer 202 during assembly, as long as the total area is not less than (1 / 4)S2, it can still cover the critical stress area of ​​the battery cell 10, avoiding protection failure due to assembly deviation.

[0055] This application also provides a battery pack, which includes the battery module in the foregoing embodiments.

[0056] Assemble the aforementioned battery modules into a battery pack. With the composite structure of the body 201 of the end plate 20 and the buffer layer 202 in the battery module, it can effectively resist the expansion stress and external vibration impact during the charging and discharging cycle of the cell 10. It can avoid the risk of shell deformation and internal short circuit caused by the rigid contact between the edge cell 10 and the end plate 20, thereby reducing the safety hazards of the battery pack and reducing battery pack safety accidents caused by partial failure of the battery module.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, The battery module includes: multiple battery cells (10) and end plates (20); Multiple battery cells (10) are arranged along a first direction (X), and along the first direction (X), the end plate (20) is disposed on the outside of the battery cells (10) at both ends of the battery module; The end plate (20) includes a body (201) and a buffer layer (202), the body (201) and the buffer layer (202) are fixedly connected, and the buffer layer (202) is disposed on the side of the body (201) facing the battery module.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body (201) has a groove (2011) on the side facing the battery cell (10), and the buffer layer (202) is disposed in the groove (2011).

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the first direction (X), the thickness of the cell (10) is H1, and the thickness of the groove (2011) is H2, where H2 ≥ 1%H1.

4. The battery module according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the cell (10) is a ternary lithium cell (10), H2 ≥ 2.5% H1.

5. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the first direction (X), the thickness of the groove (2011) is H2, and the thickness of the buffer layer (202) is H3, where 0mm≤H3≤1.5H2.

6. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The battery cell (10) and the buffer layer (202) are bonded together by double-sided adhesive (30).

7. The battery module according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The buffer layer (202) and the groove (2011) are bonded together by double-sided adhesive (30).

8. The battery module according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The surface perpendicular to the first direction (X) is a first plane. In the first plane, the groove (2011) includes a first side and a second side, the length of the first side is L1, and the length of the second side is L2. The distance between the boundary of the buffer layer (202) near the first side and the first side is a, and the distance between the boundary of the buffer layer (202) near the second side and the second side is b, where a / L2=b / L1.

9. The battery module according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The plane perpendicular to the first direction (X) is the first plane. In the first plane, the area of ​​the buffer layer (202) is S1, and the area of ​​the battery cell (10) is S2. The area of ​​the buffer layer and the area of ​​the battery cell satisfy: S1 ≥ (1 / 4)S2.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack includes the battery module as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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