GNSS and wi-fi dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-frequency circular polarized antenna, including circuit substrate, ceramic plate, rectangular patch, frame-shaped patch and coaxial feeder, the ceramic plate is installed on the circuit substrate;The rectangular patch is located on the top surface of the ceramic plate, and the four edges of the rectangular patch are respectively provided with slot;The frame-shaped patch is arranged around the rectangular patch and is coupled with the rectangular patch;The core wire of the coaxial feeder penetrates circuit substrate and ceramic plate and is conducted with the rectangular patch. This single-layer antenna can simultaneously realize dual-frequency operation, good circular polarization performance and low reflection loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-band circularly polarized antenna for GNSS and Wi-Fi. Background Technology

[0002] Existing dual-band GNSS and Wi-Fi antennas mostly adopt multi-layer or single-layer structures. While multi-layer antennas can achieve dual-band operation, they suffer from problems such as complex structure, high cost, difficult manufacturing, and unstable circular polarization performance. On the other hand, single-layer antennas have a simple structure and low cost, but they are difficult to cover two far apart frequency bands, 1.5GHz and 2.4GHz, and it is difficult to achieve good circular polarization performance in the L1 band (1.575GHz). They also have narrow axial ratio bandwidth and high reflection loss, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of high-precision positioning and wireless communication for vehicle navigation, IoT devices, etc. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve the problem that existing single-layer antennas cannot simultaneously achieve dual-frequency operation, good circular polarization performance, and low reflection loss.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

[0005] Circuit board;

[0006] A ceramic plate, which is mounted on the circuit board;

[0007] A rectangular patch is disposed on the top surface of the ceramic plate, and the four sides of the rectangular patch are respectively provided with slots;

[0008] A frame-shaped patch, wherein the frame-shaped patch is disposed around the rectangular patch and coupled to the rectangular patch;

[0009] A coaxial feed line, wherein the core wire of the coaxial feed line passes through the circuit board and the ceramic plate and is in communication with the rectangular patch.

[0010] In one embodiment, the frame patch is generally rectangular, and the width of one set of opposite sides of the frame patch is smaller than the width of the other set of opposite sides.

[0011] In one embodiment, the rectangular patch includes a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side connected end to end in sequence. The slot on the first side and the slot on the third side are collinear, and the slot on the second side and the slot on the fourth side are collinear.

[0012] In one embodiment, the slot on the first side is located at the midpoint of the first side; the slot on the second side is located off the midpoint of the second side and close to the first side.

[0013] In one embodiment, the corner formed by the first side and the second side is the first region of the rectangular patch, the corner formed by the second side and the third side is the second region of the rectangular patch, the corner formed by the third side and the fourth side is the third region of the rectangular patch, and the corner formed by the fourth side and the first side is the fourth region of the rectangular patch. The first region and the second region are respectively connected to the coaxial feed line.

[0014] In one embodiment, the length of the slot on the first side is less than the length of the slot on the third side.

[0015] In one embodiment, the length of the slot on the second side is greater than the length of the slot on the fourth side.

[0016] In one embodiment, the width of each of the slots is equal.

[0017] In one embodiment, the circuit board is further provided with an extended substrate.

[0018] The advantages of this invention are as follows: Compared with existing multi-layer dual-band antennas, which are complex in structure, involve many manufacturing processes, have high costs, and whose circular polarization performance is easily affected by interlayer errors, this GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna achieves resonance in both 2.405–2.45 GHz and 1.541–1.618 GHz simultaneously on a single-layer ceramic plate through coupling excitation between a rectangular patch with slots on all four sides and an outer frame patch. The S11 value is <-10 dB in both frequency bands, ensuring low reflection loss and high efficiency. The introduction of slots forms a stable circular polarization mode at 1.575 GHz, resulting in an axial ratio <3 dB within the -70° to 93° elevation angle range, effectively suppressing multipath fading and improving positioning accuracy in complex environments such as urban canyons. This GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna has a simple manufacturing process, is thin, and lightweight, allowing for direct surface mounting in vehicle navigation systems, IoT terminals, or portable devices. It combines Wi-Fi communication with high-precision GNSS positioning, and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 The return loss curve of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment is shown.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the axial ratio of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in the 1-3 GHz band in this embodiment.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a 3D schematic diagram of the axial ratio of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a two-dimensional axial ratio diagram of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment at 1.57 GHz and phi = 0°.

[0026] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0027] 1. Circuit board;

[0028] 2. Ceramic slab;

[0029] 3. Rectangular patch; 31. First side; 32. Second side; 33. Third side; 34. Fourth side; 35. Groove; 36. First area; 37. Second area; 38. Third area; 39. Fourth area;

[0030] 4. Frame-shaped patch;

[0031] 5. Coaxial feeder;

[0032] 6. Expand the substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The purpose, features, and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture as shown in the attached figure. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0037] Furthermore, if the meaning of "and / or" in the entire text is to include three parallel solutions, taking "and A / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, and a solution that simultaneously satisfies both A and B. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The first embodiment of this utility model is as follows: Please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2A dual-band circularly polarized GNSS and Wi-Fi antenna includes a circuit board 1, a ceramic plate 2, a rectangular patch 3, a frame patch 4, and a coaxial feed line 5. The circuit board 1 can be a PCB board, etc. The ceramic plate 2 is mounted on the circuit board 1. In this embodiment, the ceramic plate 2 has dimensions of 48mm × 48mm × 5mm. The rectangular patch 3 is disposed on the top surface of the ceramic plate 2, and the four sides of the rectangular patch 3 are respectively provided with slots 35. The frame patch 4 is disposed around the rectangular patch 3 and coupled to the rectangular patch 3. The core wire of the coaxial feed line 5 passes through the circuit board 1 and the ceramic plate 2 and is conductive to the rectangular patch 3. In one or more embodiments, the top surface of the circuit board 1 is provided with a ground layer, the network cable of the coaxial feed line 5 is electrically connected to the ground layer, and the ceramic plate 2 is fixed on the ground layer.

[0041] The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna uses a single-layer ceramic plate 2 as its carrier. The radiating body is formed by a rectangular patch 3 and its surrounding frame patch 4. The rectangular patch 3 has slots 35 on its four sides to accurately excite the circular polarization mode and broaden the axial ratio bandwidth. The frame patch 4 introduces a second resonance through near-field coupling, allowing simultaneous resonance in 1.54–1.61 GHz (L1) and 2.41–2.49 GHz (Wi-Fi) without additional stacking or matching networks. Within both frequency bands, S11 < -10 dB, resulting in low reflection loss and high energy utilization. Test results show that the antenna's axial ratio is generally <2 dB in the L1 band, and remains <3 dB within the 1.575 GHz range with an elevation angle of -70° to 93°, effectively suppressing multipath fading and providing stable and efficient dual-band signal coverage for scenarios such as vehicle navigation and IoT terminals.

[0042] The frame-shaped patch 4 is generally rectangular, and the width of one set of opposite sides of the frame-shaped patch 4 is smaller than the width of the other set of opposite sides.

[0043] The rectangular patch 3 includes a first side 31, a second side 32, a third side 33, and a fourth side 34 connected end to end in sequence. The slot 35 on the first side 31 and the slot 35 on the third side 33 are collinearly arranged, and the slot 35 on the second side 32 and the slot 35 on the fourth side 34 are collinearly arranged.

[0044] The slot 35 on the first side 31 is set at the midpoint of the first side 31; the slot 35 on the second side 32 is offset from the midpoint of the second side 32 and set close to the first side 31.

[0045] The length of the slot 35 on the first side 31 is less than the length of the slot 35 on the third side 33; the length of the slot 35 on the second side 32 is greater than the length of the slot 35 on the fourth side 34; and the width of each slot 35 is equal.

[0046] Specifically, the corner formed by the first side 31 and the second side 32 is the first region 36 of the rectangular patch 3, the corner formed by the second side 32 and the third side 33 is the second region 37 of the rectangular patch 3, the corner formed by the third side 33 and the fourth side 34 is the third region 38 of the rectangular patch 3, and the corner formed by the fourth side 34 and the first side 31 is the fourth region 39 of the rectangular patch 3. The first region 36 and the second region 37 are respectively connected to the coaxial feed line 5.

[0047] Optionally, the circuit board 1 is further provided with an extension substrate 6, which is used for the integration of other antenna designs in the future, ensuring the scalability and versatility of the antenna design. In this embodiment, the dimensions of the extension substrate 6 are 45mm × 37mm × 1mm. The extension substrate 6 is electrically connected to the traces on the circuit board 1, for example, the extension substrate 6 and the circuit board 1 are electrically connected through metallized vias.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a return loss curve of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment. From... Figure 3 As can be seen, the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment achieves good impedance matching performance of S11 < –10dB in the 1.54-1.61GHz and 2.41-2.49GHz frequency bands; and the resonance depth is -25 at the center frequency point of 1.575GHz.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the axial ratio of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in the 1-3 GHz band in this embodiment. From... Figure 4 As can be seen, the axial ratio of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment is less than 2dB in the 1.54-1.61GHz frequency band.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a 3D schematic diagram of the axial ratio of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment. From... Figure 5 As can be seen, the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment has a poor axis ratio at 1.575 GHz when facing the circuit board.

[0051] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional axial ratio of the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment at 1.57 GHz and phi = 0°. From... Figure 6 As can be seen, the GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna of this embodiment has an omnidirectional (azimuth 0-360°) axial ratio of less than 3dB at the center frequency of 1.575GHz within the elevation angle range of 0–60°, and an omnidirectional (azimuth 0-360°) axial ratio of less than 4dB within the elevation angle range of 0–70°; when the radiation direction is phi = 0°, the 3dB axial ratio beamwidth is 163° (-70°-93°).

[0052] The above are merely optional embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of this utility model and the contents of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-band circularly polarized antenna for GNSS and Wi-Fi, characterized in that, include Circuit board; A ceramic plate, which is mounted on the circuit board; A rectangular patch is disposed on the top surface of the ceramic plate, and the four sides of the rectangular patch are respectively provided with slots; A frame-shaped patch, wherein the frame-shaped patch is disposed around the rectangular patch and coupled to the rectangular patch; A coaxial feed line, wherein the core wire of the coaxial feed line passes through the circuit board and the ceramic plate and is in communication with the rectangular patch.

2. The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame patch is rectangular in shape, and the width of one set of opposite sides of the frame patch is smaller than the width of the other set of opposite sides.

3. The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectangular patch includes a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side connected end to end in sequence. The slot on the first side and the slot on the third side are collinear, and the slot on the second side and the slot on the fourth side are collinear.

4. The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slot on the first side is set at the midpoint of the first side; the slot on the second side is offset from the midpoint of the second side and set close to the first side.

5. The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The corner formed by the first side and the second side is the first region of the rectangular patch, the corner formed by the second side and the third side is the second region of the rectangular patch, the corner formed by the third side and the fourth side is the third region of the rectangular patch, and the corner formed by the fourth side and the first side is the fourth region of the rectangular patch. The first region and the second region are respectively connected to the coaxial feed line.

6. The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the slot on the first side is less than the length of the slot on the third side.

7. The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the slot on the second side is greater than the length of the slot on the fourth side.

8. The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, All of the slots have the same width.

9. The GNSS and Wi-Fi dual-band circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, An extended substrate is also provided on the circuit board.

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