Energy storage protection circuit and energy storage system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, in particular to an energy storage protection circuit and an energy storage system. The energy storage protection circuit comprises a load, a power supply module, a relay, a first control module and an emergency stop switch. The relay comprises a control end and a load end, the load end is connected with the power supply module and the emergency stop switch, and the load end is normally closed to enable the power supply module to supply power to the load. The first control module is connected with the power supply module and the control end. One end of the emergency stop switch is connected with the control end, and the other end of the emergency stop switch is connected with the power supply module. The emergency stop switch is triggered to enable the power supply module to supply power to the control end of the relay, and then the load end is disconnected. The above structure realizes the disconnection of the power supply module and the load in the energy storage system based on the hardware control of the emergency stop switch, has high response speed and high reliability, and can timely and reliably disconnect the connection between the power supply module and the load in an emergency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to an energy storage protection circuit and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing energy storage systems generally consist of three levels: battery modules, battery clusters, and battery stacks. Multiple battery modules form a battery cluster, and multiple battery clusters form a battery stack. Correspondingly, the battery management system (BMS) of the energy storage system is also designed with a three-level architecture, including a stack-level BMS, a cluster-level BMS, and a group-level BMS. The cluster-level BMS is typically connected to the power supply via relays, and the control terminals of the relays are connected to the stack-level BMS. The stack-level BMS can be controlled by software to energize or de-energize the relay control terminals, thereby controlling the relays to connect or disconnect the electrical connection between the cluster-level BMS and the power supply. However, software control has a lag, making it difficult to disconnect the electrical connection between the cluster-level BMS and the power supply and stop the operation of the entire energy storage system in a timely manner during emergencies, thus posing certain safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage protection circuit and an energy storage system.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage protection circuit, including: load; Power supply module; A relay, comprising a control terminal and a load terminal, wherein the load terminal is connected to the power supply module and the load respectively, and the load terminal is normally closed to enable the power supply module to supply power to the load; A first control module, one end of which is connected to the power supply module, and the other end of which is connected to the control terminal; An emergency stop switch is provided, with one end connected to the control terminal and the other end connected to the power supply module. The emergency stop switch or the first control module triggers the power supply module to supply power to the control terminal of the relay, thereby disconnecting the load terminal.

[0005] Optionally, the power supply module includes a switching power supply; the load terminal, the first control module, and the emergency stop switch are connected to the same switching power supply.

[0006] Optionally, the power supply module includes a switching power supply; at least two switching power supplies are provided, and any one of the switching power supplies is connected to at least one of the load terminal, the first control module, and the emergency stop switch.

[0007] Optionally, the switching power supply is provided with at least two, the relay includes at least two load terminals, and the load is provided with at least two; one of the load terminals is connected to one of the switching power supplies and one of the loads respectively.

[0008] Optionally, at least two loads are provided, and at least two loads are connected to the same load end.

[0009] Optionally, at least two relays and two loads are provided, and the load terminal of one relay is connected to one load. The control terminals of all relays are respectively connected to the same emergency stop switch and the same first control module.

[0010] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, which includes any of the energy storage protection circuits described in the first aspect.

[0011] Optionally, the load includes a second control module, and the first control module is communicatively connected to the second control module.

[0012] Optionally, the load includes electrical components connected in parallel with the second control module.

[0013] Optionally, the energy storage system includes a power distribution compartment and a monitoring cabinet, with the power supply module and the relay located in the power distribution compartment, and the first control module and the emergency stop switch located in the monitoring cabinet.

[0014] In some implementations of this application, the energy storage protection circuit includes a load, a power supply module, a relay, a first control module, and an emergency stop switch. The load and power supply module are each connected to the load terminal of the relay, and the load terminal of the relay is normally closed to allow the power supply module to supply power to the load. The control terminal of the relay is connected to one end of the emergency stop switch and one end of the first control module, while the other end of the emergency stop switch and the other end of the first control module are connected to the power supply module. When the emergency stop switch is not triggered, the load terminal of the relay remains normally closed, allowing the power supply module to continuously supply power to the load. At this time, the first control module can control the relay control terminal to electrically connect or disconnect from the power supply module, i.e., realize the program control of the relay. In an emergency, the emergency stop switch is triggered, connecting the power supply module to the control terminal of the relay. The power supply module supplies power to the control terminal of the relay, causing the load terminal of the relay to disconnect. At this time, the power supply module stops supplying power to the load to ensure the system safety of the entire energy storage system. The above structure can realize the normal connection and disconnection between the power supply module and the load in the energy storage system based on the program control of the first control module, and realize the emergency connection and disconnection between the power supply module and the load in the energy storage system based on the hardware control of the emergency stop switch. This allows for improved ease of power supply module and load on / off control via the first control module, while the emergency stop switch enhances the response speed and reliability of this control. Therefore, this structure ensures the energy storage system's operational convenience under normal conditions and enables timely and reliable disconnection of the power supply module and load in emergencies, thereby improving the overall safety performance of the energy storage system. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the energy storage protection circuit in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the energy storage protection circuit in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the energy storage protection circuit in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the energy storage protection circuit in some embodiments of this application; Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Load; 11. Second control module; 12. Electrical component; 2. Power supply module; 21. Switching power supply; 3. Relay; 31. Control terminal; 32. Load terminal; 4. First control module; 5. Emergency stop switch. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] The Battery Management System (BMS) is the most crucial electronic system in an energy storage system. It monitors, manages, and protects batteries, performing functions such as state monitoring (voltage, current, temperature, etc.), state of charge estimation, health assessment, charge / discharge control, equalization management, and safety protection.

[0018] Currently, large-scale energy storage systems generally have three levels: battery modules, battery clusters, and battery stacks. Multiple battery modules form a battery cluster, and multiple battery clusters form a battery stack. Correspondingly, the battery management system of the energy storage system is also designed with a three-level architecture, including a stack-level battery management system, a cluster-level battery management system, and a group-level battery management system. The group-level battery management system, also called the individual battery management unit, is the lowest level in the three-level architecture and is directly connected to the individual battery cells. Its main responsibility is to monitor and manage the individual batteries in real time, including collecting data such as voltage, current, and temperature of the individual batteries to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, and overheating. The cluster-level battery management system, also called the battery cluster management unit, is located in the middle level of the three-level architecture and is responsible for managing and controlling battery clusters composed of multiple battery modules. The cluster-level battery management system receives data from the individual batteries from the lower-level group-level battery management systems and communicates with the upper-level stack-level battery management system and other cluster-level battery management systems to achieve advanced control and fault diagnosis of the battery clusters. The stack-level battery management system, also called the battery array management unit, is the highest level in the three-level architecture and is the core control part of the energy storage system. It is responsible for the centralized management and coordination of the batteries in the entire energy storage system, receiving data from all lower-level cluster-level battery management systems and comprehensively monitoring the status of the entire battery system. It issues control commands to the stack-level battery management system, enabling the coordinated management of the connection and disconnection of each battery cluster to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the entire energy storage system under various operating conditions.

[0019] Specifically, the cluster-level battery management system (BMS) is typically connected to the power supply via the load terminal of a relay. The load terminal of the relay is normally closed to allow the power supply to the cluster-level BMS and ensure its normal operation. The stack-level BMS can use software control to energize the control terminal of the relay, thereby disconnecting the load terminal of the relay and severing the electrical connection between the cluster-level BMS and the power supply. However, software control has a lag, making it difficult for the stack-level BMS to disconnect the electrical connection in a timely manner during emergencies. This makes it difficult for the energy storage system to respond promptly to emergency shutdowns, posing a certain safety hazard.

[0020] To address the above problems, firstly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage protection circuit. (See reference...) Figure 1 In this embodiment, the energy storage protection circuit specifically includes a load 1, a power supply module 2, a relay 3, a first control module 4, and an emergency stop switch 5.

[0021] refer to Figure 1 Load 1 is one of the power supply targets of power supply module 2 in the protection circuit. During normal operation of the energy storage system, power supply module 2 provides electrical energy to load 1 to enable load 1 to operate and ensure the normal operation of the energy storage system. In the embodiments described in this application, load 1 can be an electrical device 12 such as a fan or Hall element, or it can be a controller corresponding to certain electronic systems in the energy storage system, such as the battery management system controller corresponding to a cluster-level battery management system.

[0022] Power supply module 2 can be an independent energy storage unit or a plug-in module connected to an external power grid. When power supply module 2 is a plug-in module, it can also include devices such as transformers and converters to convert the electricity from the external power grid into the electricity required for the normal operation of load 1. For example, power supply module 2 can be connected to a 220V mains power grid and convert the 220V mains power into the 24V electricity required by load 1.

[0023] The relay 3 includes a control terminal 31 and a load terminal 32. The load 1 and the power supply module 2 are respectively connected to the load terminal 32 of the relay 3. Specifically, in the embodiment described in this application, the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 has a normally closed contact and a common contact. The normally closed contact is connected to one of the load 1 and the power supply module 2, and the common contact is connected to the other of the load 1 and the power supply module 2. When the control terminal 31 of the relay 3 is not energized, the normally closed contact of the relay 3 is connected to the common contact, so that the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 is in a normally closed state. At this time, the power supply module 2 supplies power to the load 1 to ensure the normal operation of the load 1. The relay 3 has a coil, and the two terminals of the coil are the control terminal 31 of the relay 3. When the control terminal 31 of the relay 3 is energized, current flows through the coil of the relay 3, generating a magnetic attraction force to disconnect the normally closed contact of the relay 3 from the common contact.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 The first control module 4 is connected to the power supply module 2, meaning the power supply module 2 can supply power to the first control module 4 to ensure its normal operation. The first control module 4 can also be connected to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3, allowing it to supply power to the control terminal 31 and control the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 to disconnect. Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the first control module 4 has a processor with built-in related programs or software, as well as operable input devices, displays, and other components. By inputting relevant instructions through the input device, the first control module 4 can perform the operation of connecting the power supply module 2 and the control terminal 31 of the relay 3, thereby energizing the control terminal 31 of the relay 3 and disconnecting the load terminal 32 of the relay 3.

[0025] Emergency stop switch 5 is connected in parallel with the first control module 4. In other words, one end of emergency stop switch 5 is connected to the control terminal 31 of relay 3, and the other end is connected to power supply module 2. When emergency stop switch 5 is triggered, power supply module 2 is connected to the control terminal 31 of relay 3 to realize emergency stop protection between load 1 and power supply module 2.

[0026] When the emergency stop switch 5 is not triggered, the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 remains normally closed, allowing the power supply module 2 to continuously supply power to the load 1. At this time, the first control module 4 can control the control terminal 31 of the relay 3 to electrically connect or disconnect from the power supply module 2, thus realizing the program control of the relay 3. In an emergency, triggering the emergency stop switch 5 connects the power supply module 2 to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3. The power supply module 2 then supplies power to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3, causing the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 to disconnect. At this time, the power supply module 2 stops supplying power to the load 1, ensuring the system safety of the entire energy storage system. The energy storage protection circuit described in this application embodiment can achieve normal connection and disconnection between the power supply module 2 and the load 1 in the energy storage system based on the program control of the first control module 4, and achieve disconnection between the power supply module 2 and the load 1 in the energy storage system based on the hardware control of the emergency stop switch 5. This allows the first control module 4 to improve the convenience of connection and disconnection control between the power supply module 2 and the load 1, and the emergency stop switch 5 to improve the response speed and reliability of connection and disconnection control between the power supply module 2 and the load 1. Therefore, the above structure can ensure the ease of operation of the energy storage system under normal conditions, and can also disconnect the power supply module 2 from the load 1 in a timely and reliable manner in emergency situations, thereby improving the safety performance of the entire energy storage system.

[0027] refer to Figure 1In some embodiments of this application, the power supply module 2 optionally includes a switching power supply 21. The switching power supply 21 is a high-frequency power conversion device, a type of power supply. The switching power supply 21 can convert a voltage level into the voltage or current required by the user through different architectures. For example, in the embodiments described in this application, the switching power supply 21 can be connected to the mains power grid and convert the 220V AC power from the mains power grid into 24V DC power. The same switching power supply 21 is connected to the load terminal 32 of the relay 3, the first control module 4, and the emergency stop switch 5. When the emergency stop switch 5 is not triggered, the switching power supply 21 can energize the load terminal 32 of the relay 3, so that the load 1 connected to the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 is energized and operates normally. Simultaneously, the switching power supply 21 can also supply power to the first control module 4 to ensure the normal operation of the first control module 4. At this time, the first control module 4 can control the control terminal 31 of the relay 3 to electrically connect or disconnect from the power supply module 2, that is, to realize the program control of the relay 3. When the emergency stop switch 5 is triggered, it connects the switching power supply 21 to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3, allowing the first control module 4 to supply power to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3. At this time, the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 is disconnected, and the switching power supply 21 stops supplying power to the load 1. The switching power supply 21 possesses technical advantages such as high efficiency, high power density, wide input range, flexible output control, and low standby power consumption. Based on the switching power supply 21, the energy storage protection circuit can save its own energy loss and space occupation while ensuring the normal operation of the load 1 and the first control module 4. Based on the hardware control of the emergency stop switch 5, the energy storage protection circuit can quickly disconnect the switching power supply 21 from the load 1, resulting in high reliability and improving the safety performance of the entire energy storage system.

[0028] refer to Figure 2In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the power supply module 2 includes a switching power supply 21. At least two switching power supplies 21 can be provided, specifically two, three, or even more. For example, two switching power supplies 21 can be provided, one connected to the load terminal 32, and the other connected to the first control module 4 and the emergency stop switch 5. Alternatively, two switching power supplies 21 can be provided, one connected to the load terminal 32 and the first control module 4, and the other connected to the emergency stop switch 5. Or, two switching power supplies 21 can be provided, one connected to the load terminal 32 and the emergency stop switch 5, and the other connected to the first control module 4. Three switching power supplies 21 can also be provided, in which case the load terminal 32, the first control module 4, and the emergency stop switch 5 are each connected to one switching power supply 21. This satisfies the power supply requirements of the load 1 and the first control module 4 while also allowing for flexible arrangement of the load 1, the first control module 4, and the emergency stop switch 5. In some embodiments described in this application, the switching power supply 21 is a high-frequency power conversion device, a type of power supply. The switching power supply 21 can convert a voltage at a certain level into the voltage or current required by the user through different architectures. The conversion effect achieved by the switching power supply 21 can be set according to actual needs. For example, in the embodiments described in this application, the switching power supply 21 can be connected to the mains power grid and can convert the 220V AC power from the mains power grid into 24V DC power.

[0029] refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, optionally, at least two switching power supplies 21 and at least two loads 1 may be provided, and correspondingly, the relay 3 has at least two load terminals 32. At least two loads 1 and at least two switching power supplies 21 are respectively connected to different load terminals 32 of the same relay 3. In other words, during connection, at least two load terminals of the relay 3 can be respectively connected to one switching power supply 21 and one load 1. At this time, the first control module 4 and the emergency stop switch 5 can be connected to any one of the switching power supplies 21.

[0030] Specifically, load 1 and switching power supply 21 can each be configured with two units, correspondingly, relay 3 has two load terminals 32. The positive terminal of one switching power supply 21 and the input terminal of one load 1 are respectively connected to one load terminal 32 of relay 3, and the positive terminal of the other switching power supply 21 and the input terminal of another load 1 are respectively connected to the other load terminal 32 of relay 3. The first control module 4 and the emergency stop switch 5 can each be connected to either switching power supply 21. At this time, relay 3 is equivalent to a double-pole switch. Under normal circumstances, all load terminals 32 of relay 3 are connected, so that each switching power supply 21 supplies power to one load 1. After the emergency stop switch 5 is triggered, the control terminal 31 of relay 3 is energized, so that both load terminals 32 of relay 3 are simultaneously disconnected, thereby causing both loads 1 to lose power and stop running simultaneously. Of course, load 1 and switching power supply 21 can also each be configured with three, four, five or even more units, and correspondingly, relay 3 can also have three, four, five or even more load terminals 32.

[0031] The above structure connects different switching power supplies 21 to loads via different load terminals 32 of the same relay 3. When the control terminal 31 of the relay 3 is energized, all load terminals 32 of the relay 3 can be simultaneously disconnected, causing all loads 1 connected to the relay 3 to lose power synchronously. This control method is simple and reliable, enabling the loads 1 connected to the relay 3 to lose power with extremely high synchronicity. In emergencies, this allows for rapid and precise emergency control of the loads 1 connected to the relay 3, thus minimizing safety hazards. The above structure only requires energizing the control terminal 32 of one relay 3 to control the power loss of at least two loads 1. This simplifies the control and wiring of the energy storage protection circuit, reducing its implementation cost.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 or Figure 2 In some embodiments of this application, optionally, at least two loads 1 may be provided, and at least two loads 1 are connected to the same load terminal 32 of the same relay 3.

[0033] Specifically, the load terminal 3 of relay 3 can include a transition terminal with at least two output terminals. During connection, load terminal 3 is connected to a switching power supply 21, and each output terminal of the transition terminal of load terminal 32 is connected to the input terminal of a load 1. The first control module 4 and emergency stop switch 5 are connected to the same switching power supply 21 or to another switching power supply 21. For example, two loads 1 can be provided, and both loads 1 are connected to the same load terminal 32 of the same relay 3. Load terminal 32 has a transition terminal with two corresponding output terminals, each connected to the input terminal of a load 1. The first control module 4 and emergency stop switch 5 are connected to the same switching power supply 21. Under normal conditions, the load terminal 32 of relay 3 is connected, allowing the same switching power supply 21 to simultaneously power both loads 1. After the emergency stop switch 5 is triggered, the control terminal 31 of relay 3 is energized, causing the load terminal 32 of relay 3 to disconnect, thereby causing both loads 1 to simultaneously lose power and stop operating. Of course, load 1 can also be set to three, four, five or even more. Correspondingly, in the control terminal 32 of relay 3, the adapter terminal also has three, four, five or even more output terminals to connect to the load terminal 32.

[0034] This allows the same relay 3 to control the energization or de-energization of multiple loads 1, resulting in good control synchronization. This simplifies the control logic of the energy storage protection circuit and improves the control convenience of the energy storage system. Furthermore, this structure only requires energizing the control terminal 32 of one relay 3 to control the de-energization of at least two loads 1. This also helps to streamline the structure and control of the energy storage protection circuit, thereby reducing the overall implementation cost of the energy storage system.

[0035] refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, optionally, at least two relays 3 and two loads 1 are provided, and the load terminal 32 of one relay 3 is connected to one load 1, and the control terminal 31 of all relays 3 is connected to the same emergency stop switch 5 and the same first control module 4.

[0036] Specifically, two relays 3 and two loads 1 can be provided, and one switching power supply 21 can be provided. A switching power supply 21 can have multiple positive terminals. Two positive terminals of the switching power supply 21 are connected to the load terminals 32 of one relay 3, and each load terminal 32 of the relay 3 is connected to one load 1. The first control module 4 and the emergency stop switch 5 are connected to the other positive terminals of the switching power supply 21. The control terminals 31 of all relays 3 are connected to the same emergency stop switch 5, and simultaneously, the control terminals 31 of all relays 3 are also connected to the same first control module 4. Under normal circumstances, the load terminals 32 of all relays 3 are connected, allowing the same switching power supply 21 to simultaneously supply power to two loads 1. At this time, the first control module 4 can control the control terminals 31 of all relays 3 to electrically connect or disconnect from the power supply module 2, i.e., to realize the program control of the relays 3, so that the load terminals 32 of all relays 3 are simultaneously connected or disconnected. After the emergency stop switch 5 is triggered, the control terminals 31 of all relays 3 are energized, causing the load terminals 32 of all relays 3 to simultaneously disconnect, thereby causing both loads 1 to lose power and stop operating simultaneously. Of course, load 1 can also be set to three, four, five or even more, and correspondingly, relay 3 can also be set to three, four, five or even more.

[0037] Alternatively, two relays 3 and two loads 1 can be provided, and correspondingly, two switching power supplies 21 can also be provided. The positive terminal of each switching power supply 21 is connected to the load terminal 32 of one relay 3, and the load terminal 32 of each relay 3 is connected to one load 1. The first control module 4 and the emergency stop switch 5 are connected to the same switching power supply 21, or they can be connected to different switching power supplies 21. The control terminals 31 of all relays 3 are connected to the same emergency stop switch 5, and at the same time, the control terminals 31 of all relays 3 are also connected to the same first control module 4. Under normal circumstances, the load terminals 32 of all relays 3 are connected, so that the two switching power supplies 21 can supply power to one load 1 respectively. At this time, the first control module 4 can control the control terminals 31 of all relays 3 to electrically connect or disconnect from the power supply module 2, that is, to realize the program control of the relays 3, so that the load terminals 32 of all relays 3 are simultaneously connected or disconnected. After the emergency stop switch 5 is triggered, the control terminals 31 of all relays 3 are energized, so that the load terminals 32 of all relays 3 are simultaneously disconnected, thereby causing the two loads 1 to lose power and stop running at the same time. Of course, load 1 can also be set to three, four, five or even more, and correspondingly, the switching power supply 21 and relay 3 can also be set to three, four, five or even more.

[0038] This allows different relays 3 to control the energization or de-energization of different loads 1. If one relay 3 fails, the loads 1 connected to the remaining relays 3 can continue to operate normally. This minimizes the impact of a single relay 3 failure on the energy storage system's operation, ensuring its continuous operation. All relays 3's control terminals 31 are connected to the same emergency stop switch 5 and the same first control module 4. This allows the same first control module 4 to control the on / off state of the load terminals 32 of all relays 3 under normal conditions, and the same emergency stop switch 5 to disconnect the load terminals 32 of all relays 3 in an emergency. This simplifies the structure and control logic of the energy storage protection circuit while greatly improving its ease of use.

[0039] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, which includes any of the energy storage protection circuits described in the first aspect. Specifically, refer to... Figure 1 The energy storage protection circuit includes a load 1, a power supply module 2, a relay 3, a first control module 4, and an emergency stop switch 5.

[0040] Load 1 can be an electrical device 12 such as a fan or Hall element, or a controller corresponding to an electronic system, such as the battery management system controller corresponding to a cluster-level battery management system. Power supply module 2 can be an independent energy storage unit, a socket module connected to an external power grid, or a power conversion module such as a switching power supply. Relay 3 includes a control terminal 31 and a load terminal 32. Load 1 and power supply module 2 are respectively connected to the load terminal 32 of relay 3. During normal operation of the energy storage system, the load terminal 32 of relay 3 is normally closed, and power supply module 2 provides electrical energy to load 1 to enable load 1 to operate and ensure the normal operation of the energy storage system.

[0041] The first control module 4 is connected to the power supply module 2, meaning the power supply module 2 can supply power to the first control module 4 to ensure its normal operation. The first control module 4 can also be connected to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3, allowing it to supply power to the control terminal 31 and control the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 to connect or disconnect.

[0042] Emergency stop switch 5 is connected in parallel with the first control module 4, meaning it is connected between the power supply module 2 and the control terminal 31 of the relay 3. One end of emergency stop switch 5 is connected to control terminal 31, and the other end is connected to the power supply module 2. When emergency stop switch 5 is triggered, the power supply module 2 and the control terminal 31 of the relay 3 are connected. The control terminal 31 of the relay 3 is energized and controls the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 to disconnect in an emergency.

[0043] When the emergency stop switch 5 is not triggered, the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 remains normally closed, allowing the power supply module 2 to continuously supply power to the load 1. At this time, the first control module 4 can control the control terminal 31 of the relay 3 to electrically connect or disconnect from the power supply module 2, thus realizing the program control of the relay 3. In an emergency, triggering the emergency stop switch 5 connects the power supply module 2 to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3. The power supply module 2 then supplies power to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3, causing the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 to disconnect. The power supply module 2 stops supplying power to the load 1, ensuring the system safety of the entire energy storage system. The energy storage protection circuit described in this application embodiment can achieve normal connection and disconnection between the power supply module 2 and the load 1 in the energy storage system based on the program control of the first control module 4, and achieve disconnection between the power supply module 2 and the load 1 in the energy storage system based on the hardware control of the emergency stop switch 5. This allows the first control module 4 to improve the convenience of connection and disconnection control between the power supply module 2 and the load 1, and the emergency stop switch 5 to improve the response speed and reliability of connection and disconnection control between the power supply module 2 and the load 1. Therefore, the above structure can ensure the ease of operation of the energy storage system under normal conditions, and can also disconnect the power supply module 2 from the load 1 in a timely and reliable manner in emergency situations, thereby improving the safety performance of the entire energy storage system.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the load 1 includes a second control module 11, and the first control module 4 is communicatively connected to the second control module 11. In the embodiments described in this application, the first control module 4 may specifically be a controller corresponding to a stack-level battery management system, and the second control module 11 may specifically be a controller corresponding to a cluster-level battery management system. The first control module 4 and the second control module 11 are communicatively connected so that the first control module 4 can receive data from all the second control modules 11 and comprehensively monitor the status of the entire battery system. In an emergency, by triggering the emergency stop switch 5, the power supply module 2 can be connected to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3. At this time, the power supply module 2 supplies power to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3, causing the load terminal 32 of the relay 3 to disconnect. The power supply module 2 stops supplying power to the load 1 to ensure the system safety of the entire energy storage system.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the load 1 optionally includes an electrical device 12. Specifically, the electrical device 12 may be a Hall element in the energy storage system, or it may be a fan in the energy storage system. The electrical device 12 is connected in parallel with the second control module 11. In an emergency, by triggering the emergency stop switch 5, the power supply module 2 can be connected to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3. At this time, the power supply module 2 supplies power to the control terminal 31 of the relay 3, thereby disconnecting the load terminal 32 of the relay 3. The power supply module 2 stops supplying power to the load 1 to ensure the system safety of the entire energy storage system.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the energy storage system includes a power distribution compartment and a monitoring cabinet. The power supply module 2 and relay 3 are disposed in the power distribution compartment, and the first control module 4 and emergency stop switch 5 are disposed in the monitoring cabinet. Specifically, the first control module 4 can be disposed in the monitoring cabinet so that the first control module 4 can operate normally in a stable cabinet environment. The emergency stop switch 5 can be disposed on the outside of the monitoring cabinet door so that the emergency stop switch 5 can be quickly triggered in an emergency. The energy storage system described in this application disperses some of the energy storage protection circuits in the power distribution compartment and the monitoring cabinet. This is beneficial for the rational arrangement of various components in the energy storage system and also facilitates the addition of energy storage protection circuits to the existing energy storage system, thereby reducing the implementation cost of adding energy storage protection circuits to the energy storage system.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0048] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or at least two of the features. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "at least two" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0049] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0050] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or at least two embodiments or examples.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage protection circuit, characterized in that, include: Load (1); Power supply module (2); The relay (3) includes a control terminal (31) and a load terminal (32). The load terminal (32) is connected to the power supply module (2) and the load (1) respectively. The load terminal (32) is normally closed so that the power supply module (2) supplies power to the load (1). The first control module (4) has one end connected to the power supply module (2) and the other end connected to the control terminal (31). An emergency stop switch (5) is provided, with one end connected to the control terminal (31) and the other end connected to the power supply module (2). The emergency stop switch (5) or the first control module (4) is triggered to supply power from the power supply module (2) to the control terminal (31) of the relay (3), thereby disconnecting the load terminal (32).

2. The energy storage protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module (2) includes a switching power supply (21); the load terminal (32), the first control module (4) and the emergency stop switch (5) are connected to the same switching power supply (21).

3. The energy storage protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module (2) includes a switching power supply (21); at least two switching power supplies (21) are provided, and any one of the switching power supplies (21) is connected to at least one of the load terminal (32), the first control module (4), and the emergency stop switch (5).

4. The energy storage protection circuit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The switching power supply (21) is provided with at least two, the relay (3) includes at least two load terminals (32), and the load (1) is provided with at least two; one of the load terminals (32) is connected to one of the switching power supplies (21) and one of the loads (1).

5. The energy storage protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The load (1) is provided in at least two, and at least two of the loads (1) are connected to the same load end (32).

6. The energy storage protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, At least two relays (3) and loads (1) are provided, and the load terminal (32) of one relay (3) is connected to one load (1). The control terminals (31) of all relays (3) are respectively connected to the same emergency stop switch (5) and the same first control module (4).

7. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes the energy storage protection circuit according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The load (1) includes a second control module (11), and the first control module (4) is communicatively connected to the second control module (11).

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The load (1) includes an electrical component (12), which is connected in parallel with the second control module (11).

10. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes a power distribution compartment and a monitoring cabinet. The power supply module (2) and the relay (3) are located in the power distribution compartment, and the first control module (4) and the emergency stop switch (5) are located in the monitoring cabinet.

Images