Solar photovoltaic panel power supply anti-reverse connection circuit and photovoltaic energy storage power supply

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a solar photovoltaic panel power supply anti-reverse connection circuit and a photovoltaic energy storage power supply. The solar photovoltaic panel power supply anti-reverse connection circuit comprises an anti-reverse connection access control circuit and an anti-reverse connection controller. The anti-reverse connection access control circuit comprises an anti-reverse connection relay and an anti-reverse connection diode. The normally open end of the anti-reverse connection relay is connected with the positive electrode of the anti-reverse connection diode, and the negative electrode of the anti-reverse connection diode is connected with the common end of the anti-reverse connection relay. The first anti-reverse connection sampling end of the anti-reverse connection controller is connected with the normally open end of the anti-reverse connection relay, the second anti-reverse connection sampling end of the anti-reverse connection controller is connected with the common end of the anti-reverse connection relay, and the anti-reverse connection output end of the anti-reverse connection controller is connected with the control end of the anti-reverse connection relay. When the connection is reversed, the anti-reverse connection controller detects that the pressure difference of the front and back ends of the anti-reverse connection relay does not meet the expected value, the anti-reverse connection controller controls the anti-reverse connection relay to be powered off, so that the anti-reverse connection relay is in an open state, thereby making the power supply output loop disconnected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic energy storage technology, and in particular to a reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply and a photovoltaic energy storage power supply. Background Technology

[0002] Solar photovoltaic MPPT power supply is an ideal and convenient power supply method due to its green and environmentally friendly characteristics and ability to draw power locally. However, in practical applications of photovoltaic MPPT equipment, short-circuit faults caused by reversed input power lines have become a common pain point in the industry. Traditional reverse connection prevention solutions involve marking the positive and negative terminals on the power supply casing. However, when these markings are worn or unclear, reverse connection frequently occurs, increasing the likelihood of equipment damage caused by reversed power polarity and directly raising equipment repair costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a solar photovoltaic panel power supply anti-reverse connection circuit and a photovoltaic energy storage power supply that effectively avoids damage to solar photovoltaic panels caused by reverse connection.

[0004] The purpose of this disclosure is achieved through the following technical solution: A reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply includes: a reverse connection protection control circuit and a reverse connection protection controller. The reverse connection protection control circuit includes a reverse connection protection relay and a reverse connection protection diode. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is connected to the positive phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the negative phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel is grounded. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is also connected to the positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode. The negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay. The common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is used to output the power supply voltage. The first reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay. The second reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay. The reverse connection protection output terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the control terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, so as to control the reverse connection protection relay to de-energize when the positive phase connection terminal and the negative phase connection terminal are reversed.

[0005] In one embodiment, the reverse access protection control circuit further includes a first resistor and a second resistor. The first end of the first resistor is connected to the normally open terminal of the reverse access protection relay, the second end of the first resistor is grounded through the second resistor, and the second end of the first resistor is also connected to the first reverse access protection sampling terminal of the reverse access protection controller.

[0006] In one embodiment, the resistance ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor is 1:1.

[0007] In one embodiment, the reverse access protection control circuit further includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the common terminal of the reverse access protection relay, the second end of the third resistor is grounded through the fourth resistor, and the second end of the third resistor is also connected to the second reverse access protection sampling terminal of the reverse access protection controller.

[0008] In one embodiment, the resistance ratio of the third resistor to the fourth resistor is 1:1.

[0009] In one embodiment, the reverse access protection control circuit further includes a fifth resistor, the negative terminal of the reverse access protection diode is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the common terminal of the reverse access protection relay.

[0010] In one embodiment, the fifth resistor is an adjustable resistor.

[0011] In one embodiment, the reverse connection protection circuit for the solar photovoltaic panel further includes a bridge rectifier, wherein the first input terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to the positive phase input terminal, the second input terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to the negative phase input terminal, the first output terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to the power supply terminal of the reverse connection protection controller, and the second output terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to analog ground.

[0012] In one embodiment, the reverse connection protection circuit for the solar photovoltaic panel further includes a low-dropout regulator, the input terminal of which is connected to the first output terminal of the bridge rectifier, and the output terminal of which is connected to the power supply terminal of the reverse connection protection controller.

[0013] A photovoltaic energy storage power supply includes the reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply described in any of the above embodiments.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this disclosure has at least the following advantages: When a reverse connection occurs during the connection of a solar photovoltaic panel, the reverse connection controller detects that the voltage difference between the front and rear ends of the reverse connection relay does not meet the expected value. The controller then de-energizes the reverse connection relay, placing it in an open state and thus disconnecting the power supply output circuit. Furthermore, during reverse connection, the current from the external electrical equipment is blocked by the reverse connection diode, preventing reverse current from impacting the solar photovoltaic panel and effectively reducing the likelihood of damage. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this disclosure and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit for a solar photovoltaic panel in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To facilitate understanding of this disclosure, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. However, this disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure.

[0018] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0020] This disclosure relates to a reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply. In one embodiment, the reverse connection protection circuit includes a reverse connection protection control circuit and a reverse connection protection controller. The reverse connection protection control circuit includes a reverse connection protection relay and a reverse connection protection diode. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is connected to the positive phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the negative phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel is grounded. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is also connected to the positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode. The negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, and the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is used to output the power supply voltage. The first reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, the second reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, and the reverse connection protection output terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the control terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, so as to control the reverse connection protection relay to de-energize when the positive phase connection terminal and the negative phase connection terminal are reversed. When a reverse connection occurs during the connection of a solar photovoltaic panel, the reverse connection controller detects that the voltage difference between the front and rear ends of the reverse connection relay does not meet the expected value. The controller then de-energizes the reverse connection relay, placing it in an open state and thus disconnecting the power supply output circuit. Furthermore, during reverse connection, the current from the external electrical equipment is blocked by the reverse connection diode, preventing reverse current from impacting the solar photovoltaic panel and effectively reducing the likelihood of damage.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit for a solar photovoltaic panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] One embodiment of a solar photovoltaic panel power supply reverse connection protection circuit 10 includes a reverse connection protection control circuit 100 and a reverse connection protection controller U1. The reverse connection protection control circuit 100 includes a reverse connection protection relay KJ and a reverse connection protection diode D1. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ is connected to the positive phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the negative phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel is grounded. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ is also connected to the positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode D1. The negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode D1 is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ. The common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ is used to output the power supply voltage. The first reverse connection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller U1 is connected to the normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ, the second reverse connection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller U1 is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ, and the reverse connection output terminal of the reverse connection protection controller U1 is connected to the control terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ, so as to control the reverse connection protection relay KJ to de-energize when the positive phase input terminal and the negative phase input terminal are reversed.

[0023] In this embodiment, when a reverse connection occurs during the connection of the solar photovoltaic panel, the voltage difference between the front and rear ends of the reverse connection protection relay KJ detected by the reverse connection protection controller U1 does not meet the expected value. The reverse connection protection controller U1 then de-energizes the reverse connection protection relay KJ, placing it in an open state, thereby disconnecting the power supply output circuit. Furthermore, during reverse connection, the current from the external electrical equipment is blocked by the reverse connection protection diode D1, preventing reverse current from impacting the solar photovoltaic panel and effectively reducing the probability of damage.

[0024] Among them, the normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ is terminal 1, the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ is terminal 3, and the control terminals of the reverse connection protection relay KJ are terminals 4 and 5.

[0025] In one embodiment, referring to the figure, the reverse connection protection control circuit 100 further includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is grounded through the second resistor R2. The second end of the first resistor R1 is also connected to the first reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller U1. In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series, forming a voltage divider circuit. The resistance ratio between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is adjusted; specifically, the resistance ratio of the first resistor R1 to the second resistor R2 is 1:1 to facilitate the acquisition of the sampling voltage at the first reverse connection protection sampling terminal. Thus, by using the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 in conjunction, the voltage at the normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ is detected, facilitating the determination of the front-end voltage of the reverse connection protection relay KJ, thereby facilitating the determination of the connection polarity of the positive phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0026] In one embodiment, referring to the figure, the reverse connection protection control circuit 100 further includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is grounded through the fourth resistor R4. The second end of the third resistor R3 is also connected to the second reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller U1. In this embodiment, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in series, forming a voltage divider circuit. The resistance ratio between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is adjusted; specifically, the resistance ratio between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is 1:1 to facilitate the acquisition of the sampling voltage at the second reverse connection protection sampling terminal. In this way, by using the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 together, the voltage on the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ is detected, which makes it easier to determine the voltage at the rear end of the reverse connection protection relay KJ. Combined with the voltage collected by the first reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller U1, the voltage difference between the front and rear ends of the reverse connection protection relay KJ is obtained, thereby further determining the positive or negative connection status of the solar photovoltaic panel access terminal.

[0027] In one embodiment, referring to the figure, the reverse connection protection control circuit 100 further includes a fifth resistor R5. The negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode D1 is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor R5, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay KJ. In this embodiment, the fifth resistor R5 is connected in series with the reverse connection protection diode D1, so that the reverse connection protection diode D1 and the fifth resistor R5 are connected in series and then in parallel at the front and rear ends of the reverse connection protection relay KJ. The fifth resistor R5 limits the current flowing through the reverse connection protection diode D1, especially when the solar photovoltaic panel is reverse connected. The fifth resistor R5 limits the reverse current to reduce the reverse impact on the reverse connection protection diode D1. While the reverse connection protection diode D1 protects the solar photovoltaic panel, the fifth resistor R5 can also effectively prevent the reverse connection protection diode D1 from being reverse-broken down. The fifth resistor R5 is an adjustable resistor. By adjusting the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5, the current through the reverse connection protection diode D1 can be adjusted to avoid overheating of the reverse connection protection diode D1.

[0028] In one embodiment, referring to the figure, the reverse connection protection circuit for the solar photovoltaic panel further includes a bridge rectifier BR1. The first input terminal of the bridge rectifier BR1 is connected to the positive phase input terminal, the second input terminal of the bridge rectifier BR1 is connected to the negative phase input terminal, the first output terminal of the bridge rectifier BR1 is connected to the power supply terminal of the reverse connection protection controller U1, and the second output terminal of the bridge rectifier BR1 is connected to analog ground. In this embodiment, the bridge rectifier BR1 is connected in series between the positive and negative phase input terminals of the solar photovoltaic panel. The input terminal of the bridge rectifier BR1 receives the input current of the solar photovoltaic panel. When the solar photovoltaic panel is reverse connected, the bridge rectifier BR1 connects the reverse current of the solar photovoltaic panel and outputs the same voltage to power the reverse connection protection controller U1, allowing the reverse connection protection controller U1 to continue to operate normally and preventing the reverse connection protection controller U1 from being powered down when the solar photovoltaic panel is reverse connected. Furthermore, with the reverse connection protection diode D1 in the reverse direction, when the solar photovoltaic panel is reverse connected, the reverse current will not flow to the bridge rectifier BR1, so that the bridge rectifier BR1 only receives the current from the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0029] Furthermore, the reverse connection protection circuit for the solar photovoltaic panel also includes a low-dropout regulator U2. The input terminal of the low-dropout regulator U2 is connected to the first output terminal of the bridge rectifier BR1, and the output terminal of the low-dropout regulator U2 is connected to the power supply terminal of the reverse connection protection controller U1. In this embodiment, the low-dropout regulator U2 is located between the bridge rectifier BR1 and the reverse connection protection controller U1. The low-dropout regulator U2 steps down the voltage output by the bridge rectifier BR1 and supplies power, facilitating the provision of a stable operating voltage to the reverse connection protection controller U1. Thus, when the solar photovoltaic panel is reverse-connected, both the low-dropout regulator U2 and the reverse connection protection controller U1 operate normally, ensuring that the solar photovoltaic panel can supply power to the reverse connection protection controller U1 through the bridge rectifier BR1 and the low-dropout regulator U2 regardless of whether it is connected in the correct or reverse direction, thus ensuring precise control of the switching state of the reverse connection protection relay KJ.

[0030] In one embodiment, this disclosure also provides a photovoltaic energy storage power supply, including the solar photovoltaic panel power supply reverse connection protection circuit described in any of the above embodiments. In this embodiment, the solar photovoltaic panel power supply reverse connection protection circuit includes a reverse connection protection control circuit and a reverse connection protection controller. The reverse connection protection control circuit includes a reverse connection protection relay and a reverse connection protection diode. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is connected to the positive phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the negative phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel is grounded. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is also connected to the positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode. The negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay. The common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is used to output the power supply voltage. The first reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay. The second reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay. The reverse connection protection output terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the control terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, so as to control the reverse connection protection relay to de-energize when the positive phase connection terminal and the negative phase connection terminal are reversed. When a reverse connection occurs during the connection of a solar photovoltaic panel, the reverse connection controller detects that the voltage difference between the front and rear ends of the reverse connection relay does not meet the expected value. The controller then de-energizes the reverse connection relay, placing it in an open state and thus disconnecting the power supply output circuit. Furthermore, during reverse connection, the current from the external electrical equipment is blocked by the reverse connection diode, preventing reverse current from impacting the solar photovoltaic panel and effectively reducing the likelihood of damage.

[0031] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this disclosure, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent disclosure. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this disclosure, and these all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent disclosure should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply, characterized in that, include: A reverse connection protection control circuit includes a reverse connection protection relay and a reverse connection protection diode. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is connected to the positive phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel, and the negative phase connection terminal of the solar photovoltaic panel is grounded. The normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is also connected to the positive terminal of the reverse connection protection diode. The negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay. The common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay is used to output the power supply voltage. A reverse connection protection controller is provided, wherein the first reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the normally open terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, the second reverse connection protection sampling terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, and the reverse connection protection output terminal of the reverse connection protection controller is connected to the control terminal of the reverse connection protection relay, so as to control the reverse connection protection relay to de-energize when the positive phase input terminal and the negative phase input terminal are reversed.

2. The reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse access protection control circuit further includes a first resistor and a second resistor. The first end of the first resistor is connected to the normally open terminal of the reverse access protection relay, and the second end of the first resistor is grounded through the second resistor. The second end of the first resistor is also connected to the first reverse access protection sampling terminal of the reverse access protection controller.

3. The reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The resistance ratio of the first resistor to the second resistor is 1:

1.

4. The reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse access protection control circuit also includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the common terminal of the reverse access protection relay, the second end of the third resistor is grounded through the fourth resistor, and the second end of the third resistor is also connected to the second reverse access protection sampling terminal of the reverse access protection controller.

5. The reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply according to claim 4, characterized in that, The resistance ratio of the third resistor to the fourth resistor is 1:

1.

6. The reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection control circuit also includes a fifth resistor, the negative terminal of the reverse connection protection diode is connected to the first end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the common terminal of the reverse connection protection relay.

7. The reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fifth resistor is an adjustable resistor.

8. The reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection circuit for the solar photovoltaic panel power supply also includes a bridge rectifier. The first input terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to the positive phase input terminal, the second input terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to the negative phase input terminal, the first output terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to the power supply terminal of the reverse connection protection controller, and the second output terminal of the bridge rectifier is connected to analog ground.

9. The reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection circuit for the solar photovoltaic panel power supply also includes a low-dropout regulator. The input terminal of the low-dropout regulator is connected to the first output terminal of the bridge rectifier, and the output terminal of the low-dropout regulator is connected to the power supply terminal of the reverse connection protection controller.

10. A photovoltaic energy storage power supply, characterized in that, Includes a reverse connection protection circuit for solar photovoltaic panel power supply as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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