Intelligent endless stepless voltage regulation mobile power supply

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of intelligent stepless voltage regulation mobile power, including control circuit board and battery pack, control circuit board includes charge-discharge module, battery management protection module, stepless voltage regulation module and man-machine interactive control module, stepless voltage regulation module includes boost-buck circuit and voltage regulator controller, charge-discharge module includes discharge switch circuit, charging switch circuit, the input end of charging switch circuit is connected charging interface, the output end of discharge switch circuit is connected discharge interface, the output end of charging switch circuit and the input end of discharge switch circuit are connected boost-buck circuit, charge-discharge module, battery management protection module and man-machine interactive control module are connected stepless voltage regulation module;Man-machine interactive interface is also connected man-machine interactive control module, boost-buck circuit connects battery pack. Realized extremely high conversion efficiency and power density, and significantly reduce transformer and overall volume, a machine can replace multiple fixed voltage adapter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply technology, specifically to an intelligent stepless voltage-regulating mobile power supply. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of various handheld devices, users are becoming increasingly reliant on them in their daily lives, making them essential tools. However, the operation of handheld devices and their large-screen displays consume a significant amount of power, often necessitating the use of external power banks to recharge them when their batteries are depleted, thus also ensuring their portability.

[0003] Currently, the market offers the following mainstream solutions: 1. Traditional independent charger + adapter solution: Users need to carry a separate lithium battery charger and an additional DC-DC converter or fixed voltage adapter to power different devices. This solution suffers from numerous components, inconvenience in carrying, high cost, and messy cables. 2. Ordinary two-in-one power supply products, but they are inefficient. Most use traditional silicon (Si)-based MOSFETs as switching devices, resulting in low switching frequency, large size and weight of the power module, high energy loss and severe heat generation during conversion. The output is rigid, with the output voltage usually fixed (e.g., 12V, 19V, 20V) or limited to a few levels of switching via mechanical switches (e.g., 5V / 9V / 12V), which cannot meet the precise voltage requirements of different devices. For example, air conditioner fans may require different operating voltages at different speeds to achieve stepless speed regulation. The level of intelligence is low, lacking a human-machine interface (e.g., display screen, buttons), and users cannot understand the battery status in real time or accurately set the output voltage, resulting in a poor user experience. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply that is easy to carry, has high charging and discharging efficiency, and can achieve stepless voltage regulation over a wide voltage range.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: This utility model provides an intelligent stepless voltage-regulating mobile power bank, characterized by comprising a casing, within which a control circuit board and a battery pack are housed. A human-machine interface, a charging port, and a discharging port are mounted on the casing. The control circuit board includes a charging / discharging module, a battery management and protection module, a stepless voltage-regulating module, and a human-machine interface control module. The stepless voltage-regulating module includes a buck-boost circuit and a voltage regulator. The charging / discharging module includes a discharging switch circuit and a charging switch circuit. The input terminal of the charging switch circuit is connected to the charging port, and the output terminal of the discharging switch circuit is connected to the discharging port. Both the output terminal of the charging switch circuit and the input terminal of the discharging switch circuit are connected to the buck-boost circuit. The charging / discharging module, the battery management and protection module, and the human-machine interface control module are all connected to the stepless voltage-regulating module. The human-machine interface is also connected to the human-machine interface control module. The buck-boost circuit is connected to the battery pack. The charging switch circuit converts AC power to DC power. The voltage regulator controller receives operation signals from the human-machine interface and detects the input voltage of the charging switch circuit to increase or decrease the voltage by one unit through the buck-boost circuit.

[0006] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the housing includes a front shell and a bottom shell, and the control circuit board and battery pack are installed in the receiving cavity formed by the connection of the front shell and the bottom shell. The human-machine interface is set in the front shell and / or the bottom shell, and the bottom shell can also be rotatably connected to a bracket.

[0007] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the charging switch circuit includes an AC / DC conversion circuit and a charging circuit. The input terminal of the AC / DC conversion circuit is connected to the charging interface, and the output terminal of the AC / DC conversion circuit is connected to the charging circuit.

[0008] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the AC / DC conversion circuit includes a fuse F1, a thermistor NTC1, a rectifier diode BD1, a transformer T1, a chip U1, a chip U3, a MOS switch Q1, an optocoupler U4, a common-mode inductor LF1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R5, R8, R9, R10, R11, R13, R14, R15, R16, an inductor L1, capacitors EC1, EC2, EC3, C1, C2, C7, C10, diodes D1, D2, and U3, and an inductor FB1. The fuse F1... One end of F1 and one end of the thermistor NTC1 are connected to the charging interface. The other end of the fuse F1 and the other end of the thermistor NTC1 are connected to one end of the common mode inductor LF1. The other end of the common mode inductor LF1 is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier diode BD1. Resistors R2 and R3 are connected to form a series branch. One end of this series branch is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier diode BD1 and one end of the inductor L1, respectively. The other end of this series branch is connected to one end of resistor R8. One end of resistor R14 and one end of capacitor EC2 are both connected to one end of inductor L1. The other ends of resistor R14, one end of capacitor EC3, one end of resistor R9, and one end of capacitor C2 are all connected to the first winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. One end of the circuit is connected to one end of capacitor EC2, the other end of which is connected to one end of inductor FB1. The other ends of capacitor EC3 and inductor FB1 are grounded. The other ends of resistor R9 and capacitor C2 are connected to the negative terminal of diode D1 through resistor R5. The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to the other end of the first winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D2. The positive terminal of diode D2 and one end of resistor R13 are both connected to one end of the second winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. The positive terminal of diode D1 is also connected to chip U1. The receiving end of optocoupler U4 is connected to chip U1. The other end of the second winding of the primary coil of transformer T1 is grounded. One end of the secondary coil of transformer T1 is connected to the charging circuit. In the electrical circuit, one end of resistor R1, the drain of MOS switch Q1, and chip U3 are all connected to the other end of the secondary coil of transformer T1. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to the source of MOS switch Q1 through capacitor C1. The gate of MOS switch Q1 is connected to chip U3. One end of resistor R15 and one end of resistor R11 are both connected to the charging circuit. The other end of resistor R15 is connected to resistor R14 through the emitter of optocoupler U4. Resistor R16 is connected in parallel across the emitter of optocoupler U4. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to one end of capacitor C7. The cathode of diode U2 is connected to one end of resistor R14. The other end of capacitor C7 is connected to one end of resistor R10. The other end of resistor R10 is grounded.

[0009] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the charging circuit includes resistors R21, R22, R23, R24, R31, and R48, a bidirectional diode E3, a capacitor C14, MOSFETs M4, M5, and M6. Resistor R21 is connected to one end of resistor R11, and resistor R21 is also grounded through resistors R23 and R48 in sequence. Bidirectional diode E3 is connected in parallel across resistor R48, capacitor C14 is connected in parallel across bidirectional diode E3, the drain of MOSFET M4 is connected to the gate of MOSFET M5, resistor R22 is connected between MOSFETs M4 and M5, one end of resistor R24 ​​is connected between MOSFETs M4 and M5, and the other end is connected to the drain of MOSFET M6. The gate of MOSFET M6 is connected to the human-machine interaction control module through resistor R31, the source of MOSFET M6 is grounded, and the drain of MOSFET M5 is connected to the buck-boost circuit.

[0010] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the discharge switch circuit includes MOSFETs M1, M2, and M3, resistors R111, R115, R117, and R118. The drain of MOSFET M1 is connected to the discharge interface. The gate of MOSFET M1, one end of resistor R111, and one end of resistor R115 are all connected to the gate of MOSFET M2. The other end of resistor R111 is connected to the drain of MOSFET M3. One end of resistor R117 and one end of resistor R118 are connected to the gate of MOSFET M3. The other end of resistor R118 and the source of MOSFET M3 are grounded. The source of MOSFET M1 and the other end of resistor R115 are both connected to the source of MOSFET M2. The drain of MOSFET M2 is connected to a step-up / step-down circuit. The other end of resistor R117 is connected to a human-machine interface control module.

[0011] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the step-up / step-down circuit includes resistors R250, R270, R580, R600, R260, R570, R280, R590, R100, diodes D4, D8, D7, and D5, inductor L1, and MOSFET Q1. MOSFETs Q2, Q4, and Q5 are connected to a voltage regulator. One end of resistor R580 and one end of resistor R250 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The other end of resistor R580 is connected to the cathode of diode D4. The anode of diode D4 and the other end of resistor R250 are both connected to the source of MOSFET Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. One end of resistor R600 and one end of resistor R270 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The other end of resistor R600 is connected to the cathode of diode D8. The other end of resistor R270 and the anode of diode D8 are both connected to the source of MOSFET Q5. The drain of MOSFET Q5 is connected to one end of inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. The gate of MOSFET Q5 is grounded through resistor R100. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the battery pack. The source of MOSFET Q1 is connected to resistor R260. One end of the diode is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D5. The negative terminal of the diode D5 is connected to one end of the resistor R570. The other ends of the resistor R570 and the other ends of the resistor R260 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the other end of the inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. The drain of the MOSFET Q4 is connected to the other end of the inductor L1. The gate of the MOSFET Q4 is grounded through the resistor R100. The source of the MOSFET Q4 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D7 and one end of the resistor R280. The negative terminal of the diode D7 is connected to the resistor R590. The other ends of the resistor R590 and the other ends of the resistor R280 are both connected to the voltage regulator.

[0012] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the voltage regulator is a charge / discharge controller of model SHP8808.

[0013] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the human-machine interaction control module includes an MCU chip and an MCU power supply circuit. The input terminal of the MCU power supply circuit is connected to the battery pack, and the output terminal of the MCU power supply circuit is connected to the MCU chip. The MCU chip is connected to a voltage regulator controller. The battery management and protection module includes a battery protection chip of model CM1341-DAT.

[0014] In this utility model, as an optional embodiment, the human-computer interaction interface includes control buttons and / or a display screen.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model of an intelligent stepless voltage-regulating power bank provides a charging and discharging module. The front-end uses a gallium nitride AC / DC circuit for efficient and rapid AC-DC conversion. The high electron mobility and low on-resistance characteristics of gallium nitride devices allow the circuit to operate at a higher switching frequency, thereby achieving extremely high conversion efficiency and power density, and significantly reducing the transformer and overall size. At the same time, a stepless voltage regulation module is set up, which includes a buck-boost circuit and a voltage regulator controller, ensuring the stability and safety of the charging process and voltage output. It can achieve continuous voltage adjustment over an ultra-wide range, solving the pain point of traditional products with fixed output and inability to accurately match device requirements. One device can replace multiple fixed voltage adapters, greatly expanding the application scenarios. In addition, the charging and discharging circuits are organically integrated into one body through intelligent control. The human-machine interaction control module and human-machine interface provide users with intuitive and accurate voltage control and status monitoring functions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of an intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a circuit structure diagram of the AC / DC conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the step-up / step-down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a circuit structure diagram of the human-computer interaction control module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage regulator controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the battery management and protection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Front cover; 2. Bottom cover; 3. Battery pack; 4. Human-computer interface; 5. Stand. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the materials and equipment used in this embodiment are all commercially available. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0019] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a connection through an intermediary, or a connection within two elements or an interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0022] This application provides an intelligent stepless voltage-regulating mobile power bank, which includes a charging and discharging module. The front-end uses a gallium nitride (GaN) AC / DC circuit for efficient and rapid AC-DC conversion. The high electron mobility and low on-resistance of GaN devices allow the circuit to operate at higher switching frequencies, thereby achieving extremely high conversion efficiency and power density, and significantly reducing the transformer and overall size. A stepless voltage regulation module, including a buck-boost circuit and a voltage regulator, ensures stable and safe charging and voltage output, enabling continuous voltage adjustment over an ultra-wide range. This solves the pain point of traditional products having fixed outputs and being unable to accurately match device requirements. One device can replace multiple fixed voltage adapters, greatly expanding its application scenarios. Furthermore, the charging and discharging circuits are organically integrated into a single unit through intelligent control. A human-machine interaction control module and interface provide users with intuitive and precise voltage control and status monitoring functions.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1-2 As shown, the intelligent stepless voltage-regulating power bank provided in this embodiment includes a casing. Inside the casing are a control circuit board and a battery pack 3. A human-machine interface 4, a charging port, and a discharging port are installed on the casing. The control circuit board includes a charging / discharging module, a battery management and protection module, a stepless voltage-regulating module, and a human-machine interface control module. The stepless voltage-regulating module includes a step-up / step-down circuit and a voltage regulator. The charging / discharging module includes a discharging switch circuit and a charging switch circuit. The input terminal of the charging switch circuit is connected to the charging port, and the output terminal of the discharging switch circuit is connected to the discharging port. Both the output terminal of the charging switch circuit and the input terminal of the discharging switch circuit are connected to the step-up / step-down circuit. The charging / discharging module, the battery management and protection module, and the human-machine interface control module are all connected to the stepless voltage-regulating module. The human-machine interface is also connected to the human-machine interface control module, which is connected to the battery pack 3. The step-up / step-down circuit is connected to the battery pack 3. The charging switch circuit converts AC power to DC power. The voltage regulator controller receives operation signals from the human-machine interface and detects the input voltage of the charging switch circuit to increase or decrease the voltage by one unit through the step-up / step-down circuit.

[0024] In this embodiment, the housing includes a front shell 1 and a bottom shell 2. The control circuit board and battery pack 3 are installed in the cavity formed by the connection of the front shell 1 and the bottom shell 2. The human-machine interface 4 is disposed on the front shell 1 and / or the bottom shell 2. The bottom shell 2 may also be rotatably connected to a bracket 5. In this embodiment, the charging interface may be a power plug.

[0025] Combination Figure 3As shown, the charging switch circuit includes an AC / DC conversion circuit and a charging circuit. The input terminal of the AC / DC conversion circuit is connected to the charging interface, and the output terminal of the AC / DC conversion circuit is connected to the charging circuit. The AC / DC conversion circuit includes a fuse F1, a thermistor NTC1, a rectifier diode BD1, a transformer T1, a chip U1, a chip U3, a MOS switch Q1, an optocoupler U4, a common-mode inductor LF1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R5, R8, R9, R10, R11, R13, R14, R15, R16, an inductor L1, capacitors EC1, EC2, EC3, C1, C2, C7, C10, diodes D1, D2, and U3, and an inductor FB1. One end of the fuse F1 is connected to one end of the thermistor NTC1. One end is connected to the charging interface. The other end of fuse F1 and the other end of thermistor NTC1 are connected to one end of common mode inductor LF1. The other end of common mode inductor LF1 is connected to the input terminal of rectifier diode BD1. Resistors R2 and R3 are connected to form a series branch. One end of this series branch is connected to the output terminal of rectifier diode BD1 and one end of inductor L1, respectively. The other end of this series branch is connected to one end of resistor R8. One end of resistor R14 and one end of capacitor EC2 are both connected to one end of inductor L1. The other end of resistor R14, one end of capacitor EC3, one end of resistor R9, and one end of capacitor C2 are all connected to one end of the first winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. Capacitor EC2... The other end is connected to one end of inductor FB1. The other end of capacitor EC3 and the other end of inductor FB1 are grounded. The other end of resistor R9 and the other end of capacitor C2 are connected to the negative terminal of diode D1 through resistor R5. The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to the other end of the first winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D2. The positive terminal of diode D2 and one end of resistor R13 are both connected to one end of the second winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. The positive terminal of diode D1 is also connected to chip U1. The receiving end of optocoupler U4 is connected to chip U1. The other end of the second winding of the primary coil of transformer T1 is grounded. One end of the secondary coil of transformer T1 is connected to the charging circuit. One end of resistor R1, the drain of MOS switch Q1, and chip U3 are all connected to the other end of the secondary coil of transformer T1. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to the source of MOS switch Q1 through capacitor C1. The gate of MOS switch Q1 is connected to chip U3. One end of resistor R15 and one end of resistor R11 are both connected to the charging circuit. The other end of resistor R15 is connected to resistor R14 through the emitter of optocoupler U4. Resistor R16 is connected in parallel across the emitter of optocoupler U4. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to one end of capacitor C7. The cathode of diode U2 is connected to one end of resistor R14. The other end of capacitor C7 is connected to one end of resistor R10. The other end of resistor R10 is grounded.This circuit unit in the embodiment is based on gallium nitride (GaN) power device switching power supply technology, accepting a wide range (110-220V) of AC mains input. The high electron mobility and low on-resistance of GaN devices allow the circuit to operate at higher switching frequencies, thereby achieving extremely high conversion efficiency and power density, and significantly reducing the transformer and overall size. This module converts AC power to a 20V / 1.5A DC output. In this circuit, the AC-DC input of 100-240V passes through fuse F1 and thermistor NTC1, then enters the EMI filter, and finally enters the rectifier diode BD1 for full-wave rectification, converting the AC power into DC power (300V DC power after rectification when the input is 220V). Then, it undergoes another LCπ-type filter for further smoothing of the DC power. The synchronous rectifier chip outputs the power. Upon initial power-up, the DC power is divided and current-limited by resistors R2 and R3 to supply power to chip U1. After chip U1 starts working, the 300V high-voltage DC power passes through the primary winding of transformer T1, and the chip outputs a PWM switch to control its on / off state. Simultaneously, an electromotive force is induced in the secondary winding of the primary winding and the secondary winding. The secondary winding provides a continuous power supply to the chip. The synchronous rectifier chip U3 in the secondary winding outputs a PWM control to filter the MOSFET Q1 and capacitor EC1, rectifying the changing DC power from the primary winding to output a smooth, interference-free DC power (20V / 1.5A). The voltage change can be fed back to chip U1 via optocoupler U4 for output energy control.

[0026] Furthermore, in combination Figure 4 The charging circuit includes resistors R21, R22, R23, R24, R31, and R48, a bidirectional diode E3, a capacitor C14, and MOSFETs M4, M5, and M6. Resistor R21 is connected to one end of resistor R11, and resistor R21 is also grounded through resistors R23 and R48 in sequence. Bidirectional diode E3 is connected in parallel across resistor R48, and capacitor C14 is connected in parallel across bidirectional diode E3. The drain of MOSFET M4 and the gate of MOSFET M4 are connected to the gate of MOSFET M5. Resistor R22 is connected between MOSFETs M4 and M5. One end of resistor R24 ​​is connected between MOSFETs M4 and M5, and the other end is connected to the drain of MOSFET M6. The gate of MOSFET M6 is connected to the human-machine interaction control module through resistor R31. The source of MOSFET M6 is grounded, and the drain of MOSFET M5 is connected to the buck-boost circuit.

[0027] The discharge switch circuit includes MOSFETs M1, M2, and M3, resistors R111, R115, R117, and R118. The drain of MOSFET M1 is connected to the discharge interface. The gate of MOSFET M1, one end of resistor R111, and one end of resistor R115 are all connected to the gate of MOSFET M2. The other end of resistor R111 is connected to the drain of MOSFET M3. One end of resistor R117 and one end of resistor R118 are connected to the gate of MOSFET M3. The other end of resistor R118 and the source of MOSFET M3 are grounded. The source of MOSFET M1 and the other end of resistor R115 are both connected to the source of MOSFET M2. The drain of MOSFET M2 is connected to the buck-boost circuit. The other end of resistor R117 is connected to the human-machine interface control module.

[0028] Combination Figure 5The buck-boost circuit in this embodiment includes resistors R250, R270, R580, R600, R260, R570, R280, R590, R100, diodes D4, D8, D7, and D5, inductor L1, and MOSFET Q1. MOSFETs Q2, Q4, and Q5 are connected to a voltage regulator. One end of resistor R580 and one end of resistor R250 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The other end of resistor R580 is connected to the cathode of diode D4. The anode of diode D4 and the other end of resistor R250 are both connected to the source of MOSFET Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. One end of resistor R600 and one end of resistor R270 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The other end of resistor R600 is connected to the cathode of diode D8. The other end of resistor R270 and the anode of diode D8 are both connected to the source of MOSFET Q5. The drain of MOSFET Q5 is connected to one end of inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. The gate of MOSFET Q5 is grounded through resistor R100. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the battery pack. The source of MOSFET Q1 is connected to resistor R260. One end of the diode D5 is connected to the anode of the diode D5. The cathode of the diode D5 is connected to one end of the resistor R570. The other ends of the resistor R570 and the other ends of the resistor R260 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the other end of the inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. The drain of the MOSFET Q4 is connected to the other end of the inductor L1. The gate of the MOSFET Q4 is grounded through the resistor R100. The source of the MOSFET Q4 is connected to the anode of the diode D7 and one end of the resistor R280. The cathode of the diode D7 is connected to the resistor R590. The other ends of the resistor R590 and the other ends of the resistor R280 are both connected to the voltage regulator. In this circuit, a buck-boost controller chip from Southchip Semiconductor is used as the core. It draws power from a four-cell battery pack (input range approximately 12V-16.8V, considering the discharge cutoff voltage) and, through an advanced closed-loop control algorithm, can output a stable DC voltage that is continuously and infinitely adjustable within the range of 8V to 36V. Users can set any voltage value by pressing a button, and the system will automatically complete the step-up / step-down conversion to meet the power needs of various devices, from low-power devices to high-performance laptops.

[0029] Combination Figure 1-8 The voltage regulator is a SHP8808 charge / discharge controller. The human-machine interface control module includes an MCU chip and an MCU power supply circuit. The input of the MCU power supply circuit is connected to the battery pack, and the output of the MCU power supply circuit is connected to the MCU chip. The MCU chip is connected to the voltage regulator. The battery management and protection module includes a CM1341-DAT battery protection chip. The human-machine interface includes one or more of the following: control buttons, a display screen, and a knob. The display screen can be a touch screen or a non-touch screen.

[0030] The voltage regulator controller integrates a four-cell lithium-ion battery pack (nominal voltage 14.8V). When 20V / 1.5A DC power from the AC / DC module is connected, U1 detects the input status and controls M3 to open M1 and M2 to power the SHP8808 charging controller chip U1 from Southchip Semiconductor. This chip intelligently determines whether to perform buck or boost charging based on the current battery voltage (approximately 12V to 16.8V), achieving efficient and safe charging management of the four-cell battery pack throughout its entire lifecycle. During charging, the system control chip U2 controls the digital display P2 to show the current charging voltage and the amount of charge already applied. Chip U1 also features overvoltage protection, current limiting protection, and output overcurrent, short circuit, overvoltage, and overtemperature protection.

[0031] When the human-machine interface 4 includes control buttons, the output system can be started by pressing the power button S3. The control chip will notify U1 to start via IIC communication. At the same time, U2 controls M6 to open M4 and M5 for output. Meanwhile, the digital tube displays the current output voltage and remaining power. The output voltage can be quickly adjusted by clicking the button S3, or the output voltage can be precisely adjusted by using the S2 increase button and the S1 decrease button.

[0032] The control buttons of the human-machine interface 4 may include main unit buttons and voltage adjustment buttons. The main unit buttons are used to control the power on / off of the entire machine, switch display modes, etc., while the voltage adjustment buttons are used to precisely increase or decrease the output voltage value. The display screen is used to display the currently set output voltage value, battery level, working mode, and other information in real time. The voltage adjustment buttons may include an up button and a down button, where the up button is used for boost adjustment and the down button is used for buck adjustment. Each time the up button or down button is pressed manually, the voltage is adjusted once. In this embodiment, the voltage adjustment method is discrete point voltage adjustment. For example, if the current voltage is 10 and one unit of voltage adjustment is 1 volt, then pressing the up button once will display the voltage as 11, which can be displayed on the screen. Pressing the up button again will adjust the voltage and display it as 12, and pressing the down button once will adjust the voltage and display it as 11.

[0033] Although only certain components and embodiments of this application have been illustrated and described, many modifications and alterations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without actually departing from the scope and spirit of the claims, such as variations in the size, dimensions, structure, shape and proportion of the various elements, installation arrangement, material use, color, orientation, etc.

[0034] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present utility model shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A smart stepless voltage-regulating power bank, characterized in that, The device includes a casing, within which a control circuit board and a battery pack are housed. A human-machine interface, a charging port, and a discharging port are mounted on the casing. The control circuit board includes a charging / discharging module, a battery management and protection module, a continuously variable voltage (CVT) module, and a human-machine interface control module. The CVT module includes a buck-boost circuit and a voltage regulator controller. The charging / discharging module includes a discharging switch circuit and a charging switch circuit. The input of the charging switch circuit is connected to the charging port, and the output of the discharging switch circuit is connected to the discharging port. Both the output and input of the charging and discharging switch circuits are connected to the buck-boost circuit. The charging / discharging module, the battery management and protection module, and the human-machine interface control module are all connected to the CVT module. The human-machine interface is also connected to the human-machine interface control module. The buck-boost circuit is connected to the battery pack. The charging switch circuit converts AC power to DC power. The voltage regulator controller receives operation signals from the human-machine interface and detects the input voltage of the charging switch circuit to increase or decrease the voltage by one unit via the buck-boost circuit.

2. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes a front shell and a bottom shell. The control circuit board and battery pack are installed in the cavity formed by the connection of the front shell and the bottom shell. The human-machine interface is located on the front shell and / or the bottom shell. The bottom shell can also be rotatably connected to a bracket.

3. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging switch circuit includes an AC / DC conversion circuit and a charging circuit. The input terminal of the AC / DC conversion circuit is connected to the charging interface, and the output terminal of the AC / DC conversion circuit is connected to the charging circuit.

4. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, The AC / DC conversion circuit includes a fuse F1, a thermistor NTC1, a rectifier diode BD1, a transformer T1, a chip U1, a chip U3, a MOS switch Q1, an optocoupler U4, a common-mode inductor LF1, resistors R1, R2, R3, R5, R8, R9, R10, R11, R13, R14, R15, and R16, an inductor L1, capacitors EC1, EC2, EC3, C1, C2, C7, and C10, diodes D1, D2, and U3, and an inductor FB1. One end of the fuse F1 is connected to the thermistor NTC1. One end is connected to the charging interface. The other end of fuse F1 and the other end of thermistor NTC1 are connected to one end of common mode inductor LF1. The other end of common mode inductor LF1 is connected to the input terminal of rectifier diode BD1. Resistors R2 and R3 are connected to form a series branch. One end of this series branch is connected to the output terminal of rectifier diode BD1 and one end of inductor L1, respectively. The other end of this series branch is connected to one end of resistor R8. One end of resistor R14 and one end of capacitor EC2 are both connected to one end of inductor L1. The other end of resistor R14, one end of capacitor EC3, one end of resistor R9, and one end of capacitor C2 are all connected to one end of the first winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. The other end of resistor 2 is connected to one end of inductor FB1. The other ends of capacitor EC3 and inductor FB1 are grounded. The other ends of resistor R9 and capacitor C2 are connected to the negative terminal of diode D1 through resistor R5. The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to the other end of the first winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D2. The positive terminal of diode D2 and one end of resistor R13 are both connected to one end of the second winding of the primary coil of transformer T1. The positive terminal of diode D1 is also connected to chip U1. The receiving end of optocoupler U4 is connected to chip U1. The other end of the second winding of the primary coil of transformer T1 is grounded. One end of the secondary coil of transformer T1 is connected to the charging circuit. One end of resistor R1, the drain of MOS switch Q1, and chip U3 are all connected to the other end of the secondary coil of transformer T1. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to the source of MOS switch Q1 through capacitor C1. The gate of MOS switch Q1 is connected to chip U3. One end of resistor R15 and one end of resistor R11 are both connected to the charging circuit. The other end of resistor R15 is connected to resistor R14 through the emitter of optocoupler U4. Resistor R16 is connected in parallel across the emitter of optocoupler U4. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to one end of capacitor C7. The cathode of diode U2 is connected to one end of resistor R14. The other end of capacitor C7 is connected to one end of resistor R10. The other end of resistor R10 is grounded.

5. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to claim 4, characterized in that, The charging circuit includes resistors R21, R22, R23, R24, R31, and R48, a bidirectional diode E3, a capacitor C14, and MOSFETs M4, M5, and M6. Resistor R21 is connected to one end of resistor R11, and resistor R21 is also grounded through resistors R23 and R48 in sequence. Bidirectional diode E3 is connected in parallel across resistor R48, and capacitor C14 is connected in parallel across bidirectional diode E3. The drain of MOSFET M4 and the gate of MOSFET M4 are connected to the gate of MOSFET M5. Resistor R22 is connected between MOSFETs M4 and M5. One end of resistor R24 ​​is connected between MOSFETs M4 and M5, and the other end is connected to the drain of MOSFET M6. The gate of MOSFET M6 is connected to the human-machine interaction control module through resistor R31. The source of MOSFET M6 is grounded, and the drain of MOSFET M5 is connected to the buck-boost circuit.

6. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that, The discharge switch circuit includes MOSFETs M1, M2, and M3, resistors R111, R115, R117, and R118. The drain of MOSFET M1 is connected to the discharge interface. The gate of MOSFET M1, one end of resistor R111, and one end of resistor R115 are all connected to the gate of MOSFET M2. The other end of resistor R111 is connected to the drain of MOSFET M3. One end of resistor R117 and one end of resistor R118 are connected to the gate of MOSFET M3. The other end of resistor R118 and the source of MOSFET M3 are grounded. The source of MOSFET M1 and the other end of resistor R115 are both connected to the source of MOSFET M2. The drain of MOSFET M2 is connected to a buck-boost circuit. The other end of resistor R117 is connected to the human-machine interface control module.

7. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step-up / step-down circuit includes resistors R250, R270, R580, R600, R260, R570, R280, R590, R100, diodes D4, D8, D7, and D5, inductor L1, and MOSFET Q1. MOSFETs Q2, Q4, and Q5 are connected to a voltage regulator. One end of resistor R580 and one end of resistor R250 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The other end of resistor R580 is connected to the cathode of diode D4. The anode of diode D4 and the other end of resistor R250 are both connected to the source of MOSFET Q2. The gate of MOSFET Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. One end of resistor R600 and one end of resistor R270 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The other end of resistor R600 is connected to the cathode of diode D8. The other end of resistor R270 and the anode of diode D8 are both connected to the source of MOSFET Q5. The drain of MOSFET Q5 is connected to one end of inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. The gate of MOSFET Q5 is connected to resistor R100. The circuit is grounded. The drain of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the battery pack. The source of MOSFET Q1 is connected to one end of resistor R260 and the anode of diode D5. The cathode of diode D5 is connected to one end of resistor R570. The other ends of resistors R570 and R260 are both connected to the voltage regulator. The gate of MOSFET Q1 is connected to the other end of inductor L1 and the human-machine interface. The drain of MOSFET Q4 is connected to the other end of inductor L1. The gate of MOSFET Q4 is grounded through resistor R100. The source of MOSFET Q4 is connected to the anode of diode D7 and one end of resistor R280. The cathode of diode D7 is connected to resistor R590. The other ends of resistors R590 and R280 are both connected to the voltage regulator.

8. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that, The voltage regulator controller is a charge / discharge controller with model number SHP8808.

9. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to claim 8, characterized in that, The human-machine interaction control module includes an MCU chip and an MCU power supply circuit. The input terminal of the MCU power supply circuit is connected to the battery pack, and the output terminal of the MCU power supply circuit is connected to the MCU chip. The MCU chip is connected to a voltage regulator. The battery management and protection module includes a battery protection chip of model CM1341-DAT.

10. The intelligent stepless voltage regulating mobile power supply according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The human-computer interaction interface includes control buttons and / or a display screen.

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