A charging and discharging protection circuit, a battery pack and an energy storage device

Abstract

The application discloses a charging and discharging protection circuit, a battery pack and an energy storage device, relates to the technical field of charging and discharging, and the charging and discharging protection circuit comprises a controller, a first acquisition module, a control module and a switching module. The charging and discharging current of the cell group is collected through the first acquisition module and is converted into a first voltage for output. In the case that the first voltage is abnormal, it indicates that the charging and discharging current is abnormal. The switching module is controlled to be disconnected through the controller and the control module, so that the charging and discharging loop is disconnected, and the cell group stops charging and discharging, thereby realizing abnormal current protection of the cell group charging and discharging. In the process, the controller and the control module are redundant structures of the abnormal current protection of the cell group charging and discharging. In the case that the controller fails, the abnormal current protection of the cell group charging and discharging can still be realized through the control module, thereby reducing the risk of failure of the abnormal current protection of the cell group charging and discharging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of charging and discharging technology, specifically relating to a charging and discharging protection circuit, a battery pack, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] The charging and discharging of battery cells requires abnormal current protection to prevent abnormal charging and discharging currents from damaging the battery cells.

[0003] In related technologies, when the charging and discharging current of the battery cell pack is abnormal, the control chip disconnects the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell pack, thereby stopping the charging and discharging of the battery cell pack and realizing abnormal current protection for the charging and discharging of the battery cell pack.

[0004] However, in the event of a control chip failure, the abnormal current protection for the charging and discharging of the battery pack fails. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a charge / discharge protection circuit, a battery pack, and an energy storage device, which at least solves the problem of abnormal current protection failure of the battery pack during charge / discharge in the event of control chip failure in related technologies.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides a charge-discharge protection circuit, including: a controller, a first acquisition module, a control module, and a switch module; The first acquisition module is connected to the controller and the control module respectively, and the first acquisition module is used to be set in the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell group; The switch module is connected to the control module and the controller respectively, and the switch module is used to be installed in the charging and discharging circuit; The first acquisition module is used to acquire the charging and discharging current of the battery cell group and convert it into a first voltage for output. The control module and the controller are both used to control the switching module to disconnect when the first voltage is abnormal.

[0007] Optionally, the first acquisition module includes a first resistor and a first operational amplifier; the first resistor is disposed in the charging and discharging circuit; the first operational amplifier is connected to the first resistor, the control module and the controller respectively, and the first operational amplifier is used to receive a first reference voltage, and when the battery pack is charging, amplify the sum of the voltage of the first resistor and the first reference voltage to the first voltage and output it, and when the battery pack is discharging, amplify the difference between the voltage of the first resistor and the first reference voltage to the first voltage and output it.

[0008] Optionally, the control module includes a second operational amplifier and a third operational amplifier; the second operational amplifier is connected to the first acquisition module and the switch module respectively, and is used to receive a second reference voltage and control the switch module to disconnect when the first voltage is greater than the second reference voltage; the third operational amplifier is connected to the first acquisition module and the switch module respectively, and is used to receive a third reference voltage and control the switch module to disconnect when the first voltage is less than the third reference voltage.

[0009] Optionally, the switching module includes a charging switch unit and a discharging switch unit; the charging switch unit is connected to the control module and the controller respectively, and the charging switch unit is configured in the charging and discharging circuit; the discharging switch unit is connected to the control module and the controller respectively, and the discharging switch unit is configured in the charging and discharging circuit; wherein, the first acquisition module is specifically configured to acquire the charging current of the battery cell group and convert it into the first voltage for output, or acquire the discharging current of the battery cell group and convert it into the first voltage for output; the control module and the controller are both configured to control the charging switch unit to disconnect when the battery cell group is charging and the first voltage is abnormal, or to control the discharging switch unit to disconnect when the battery cell group is discharging and the first voltage is abnormal.

[0010] Optionally, the charge / discharge protection circuit further includes a current limiting module; the current limiting module is connected to the controller and is disposed in the charge / discharge circuit; wherein, the controller is further configured to use the current limiting module to ensure that the charging current of the battery pack is less than a charging current threshold.

[0011] Optionally, the charge / discharge protection circuit further includes a fuse module; the fuse module is connected to the controller and is configured to be installed in the charge / discharge circuit; wherein, the controller is further configured to control the fuse module to disconnect the charge / discharge circuit in the event of an abnormal first voltage.

[0012] Optionally, the charge-discharge protection circuit further includes multiple second acquisition modules; each second acquisition module is connected to the controller, and each second acquisition module is located in the area where the heating device is located in the charge-discharge protection circuit; wherein, the second acquisition module is used to acquire the temperature of the heating device and convert it into a second voltage, and the controller is also used to control the switching module to disconnect when the second voltage is abnormal.

[0013] Optionally, the charge / discharge protection circuit further includes a third acquisition module; the third acquisition module is used to connect to the battery cell assembly; the controller is connected to the third acquisition module; wherein, the third acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage of the battery cell assembly, and the controller is also used to control the switching module to disconnect when the voltage of the battery cell assembly is abnormal.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides a battery pack, including interconnected cell groups, a control board, and a current-passing board, wherein the current-passing board is provided with a charge / discharge protection circuit as described in the first aspect.

[0015] Thirdly, this application also provides an energy storage device, including at least one battery pack as described in the second aspect.

[0016] In this embodiment, since the first acquisition module is connected to both the controller and the control module, and the first acquisition module is located in the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell assembly, and the switch module is connected to both the control module and the controller, and the switch module is located in the charging and discharging circuit, the first acquisition module acquires the charging and discharging current of the battery cell assembly and converts it into a first voltage for output. If the first voltage is abnormal, it indicates that the charging and discharging current is abnormal. The controller and the control module control the switch module to disconnect, thereby disconnecting the charging and discharging circuit and stopping the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly. This achieves abnormal current protection for the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly. In this process, the controller and the control module are redundant structures for the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly. Even if the controller fails, the abnormal current protection for the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly can still be achieved through the control module, thereby reducing the risk of failure of the abnormal current protection for the charging and discharging of the battery cell assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a charge / discharge protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another charge / discharge protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a charge / discharge protection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure label: 10-Controller; 20-First Acquisition Module; 30-Control Module; 40-Switch Module; 41-Charging Switch Unit; 42-Discharge Switch Unit; 50-Current Limiting Module; 60-Fuse Module; 70-Second Acquisition Module; 80-Third Acquisition Module; 90-Fourth Acquisition Module; B1-Pre-amplification Module; B2-Voltage Conversion Module; B21-Optical Coupler; B22-Voltage Divider Module; B23-First Voltage Converter; B24-Voltage Regulator; B3-First Interface Module; B31-Communication Isolation Chip; B32-First Interface; B4-Heating Control Module; A1-Battery Pack; A11-Cell Pack; A12-Control Board; A121-Control Unit; A122-Second Interface; A123-Third Interface; A124-Fourth Interface; A13-Current Pass-through Board; A 2-Second voltage converter; A3-Energy storage inverter; A4-Main control box; P1-First operational amplifier; P2-Second operational amplifier; P3-Third operational amplifier; R1-First resistor; R2-Second resistor; R3-Third resistor; R4-Fourth resistor; R5-Fifth resistor; R6-Sixth resistor; R7-Seventh resistor; R8-Eighth resistor; R9-Ninth resistor; R10-Tenth resistor; R11-Eleventh resistor; R12-Twelfth resistor; R13-Thirteenth resistor; Rs-Thermistor; K1-First switching device; K2-Second switching device; K3-Third switching device; K4-Fourth switching device; K5-Fifth switching device; K6-Sixth switching device; K7-Seventh switching device; L1-Inductor; D1-Diode; F1-Fuse. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figure 1This application provides a charge / discharge protection circuit, including: a controller 10, a first acquisition module 20, a control module 30, and a switch module 40; the first acquisition module 20 is connected to the controller 10 and the control module 30 respectively, and is configured in the charge / discharge circuit of the battery cell group A11; the switch module 40 is connected to the control module 30 and the controller 10 respectively, and is configured in the charge / discharge circuit; wherein, the first acquisition module 20 is used to acquire the charge / discharge current of the battery cell group A11 and convert it into a first voltage for output, and both the control module 30 and the controller 10 are used to control the switch module 40 to disconnect when the first voltage is abnormal.

[0022] In some embodiments, the control module 30 is also configured to keep the switch module 40 on when the first voltage is normal.

[0023] In some embodiments, the controller 10 is also configured to keep the switch module 40 on when the first voltage is normal.

[0024] In some embodiments, a first voltage abnormality indicates an abnormal charging / discharging current. The first voltage abnormality includes a first voltage greater than a second reference voltage when the cell group A11 is charging, and a first voltage less than a third reference voltage when the cell group A11 is discharging. The abnormal charging / discharging current includes a charging current greater than a charging current threshold and a discharging current greater than a discharging current threshold. When the cell group A11 is charging, a first voltage greater than the second reference voltage indicates that the charging current is greater than the charging current threshold. When the cell group A11 is discharging, a first voltage less than the third reference voltage indicates that the discharging current is greater than the discharging current threshold.

[0025] In some embodiments, a normal first voltage indicates a normal charging / discharging current. A normal first voltage includes a first voltage less than or equal to a second reference voltage when the cell group A11 is charging, and a first voltage greater than or equal to a third reference voltage when the cell group A11 is discharging. A normal charging / discharging current includes a charging current less than or equal to a charging current threshold and a discharging current less than or equal to a discharging current threshold. When the cell group A11 is charging, a first voltage less than or equal to the second reference voltage indicates a charging current less than or equal to a charging current threshold. When the cell group A11 is discharging, a first voltage greater than or equal to the third reference voltage indicates a discharging current less than or equal to a discharging current threshold.

[0026] In some embodiments, the controller 10 may be a microcontroller unit (MCU), a single-chip microcomputer, or other types of chips.

[0027] In some embodiments, the number of terminals of the controller 10 is less than or equal to 32.

[0028] In some embodiments, the cell pack A11 includes a plurality of cells (i.e., individual battery cells).

[0029] In some embodiments, when a load is connected to the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell group A11, the battery cell group A11 discharges through the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell group A11 to supply power to the load; when a power source is connected to the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell group A11, the power source charges the battery cell group A11 through the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell group A11.

[0030] In this embodiment, since the first acquisition module 20 is connected to the controller 10 and the control module 30 respectively, and the first acquisition module 20 is set in the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell group A11, and the switch module 40 is connected to the control module 30 and the controller 10 respectively, and the switch module 40 is set in the charging and discharging circuit, the first acquisition module 20 acquires the charging and discharging current of the battery cell group A11 and converts it into a first voltage for output. If the first voltage is abnormal, it indicates that the charging and discharging current is abnormal. The controller 10 and the control module 30 respectively control the switch module 40 to disconnect, so that the charging and discharging circuit is disconnected and the battery cell group A11 stops charging and discharging, thereby realizing the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11. In this process, the controller 10 and the control module 30 are redundant structures for the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11. If the controller 10 fails, the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11 can still be realized through the control module 30, thereby reducing the risk of failure of the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11.

[0031] Optional, refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first acquisition module 20 includes a first resistor R1 and a first operational amplifier P1; the first resistor R1 is disposed in the charging and discharging circuit; the first operational amplifier P1 is connected to the first resistor R1, the control module 30 and the controller 10 respectively, and the first operational amplifier P1 is used to receive a first reference voltage, and when the battery cell group A11 is charging, amplify the sum of the voltage of the first resistor R1 and the first reference voltage to the first voltage and output it, and when the battery cell group A11 is discharging, amplify the difference between the voltage of the first resistor R1 and the first reference voltage to the first voltage and output it.

[0032] In some embodiments, the voltage across the first resistor R1 is equal to the product of the resistance value of the first resistor R1 and the charging / discharging current; when the cell assembly A11 is charging, the voltage across the first resistor R1 is equal to the product of the resistance value of the first resistor R1 and the charging current; when the cell assembly A11 is discharging, the voltage across the first resistor R1 is equal to the product of the resistance value of the first resistor R1 and the discharging current.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly A11, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the switching module 40; the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier P1 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, the inverting input of the first operational amplifier P1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the output of the first operational amplifier P1 is connected to the input of the control module 30 and the first end of the controller 10, respectively.

[0034] In some embodiments, the difference between the voltage of the first resistor R1 and the first reference voltage is the difference obtained by subtracting the first reference voltage from the voltage of the first resistor R1.

[0035] In this embodiment, the charging and discharging current of the battery cell group A11 is collected through the first resistor R1. Then, when the battery cell group A11 is charging, the first operational amplifier P1 amplifies the sum of the voltage of the first resistor R1 and the first reference voltage into a first voltage and outputs it. When the battery cell group A11 is discharging, the difference between the voltage of the first resistor R1 and the first reference voltage is amplified into a first voltage and outputs it. Then, in the event of an abnormal first voltage, the control module 30 and the controller 10 control the switch module 40 to disconnect.

[0036] Optionally, in some embodiments, the control module 30 includes a second operational amplifier P2 and a third operational amplifier P3; the second operational amplifier P2 is connected to the first acquisition module 20 and the switch module 40 respectively, and the second operational amplifier P2 is used to receive a second reference voltage and control the switch module 40 to disconnect when the first voltage is greater than the second reference voltage; the third operational amplifier P3 is connected to the first acquisition module 20 and the switch module 40 respectively, and the third operational amplifier P3 is used to receive a third reference voltage and control the switch module 40 to disconnect when the first voltage is less than the third reference voltage.

[0037] In some embodiments, the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier P2 is connected to the output of the first acquisition module 20, the inverting input of the second operational amplifier P2 is used to receive the second reference voltage, and the output of the second operational amplifier P2 is connected to the first terminal of the switching module 40; the inverting input of the third operational amplifier P3 is connected to the output of the first acquisition module 20, the non-inverting input of the third operational amplifier P3 is used to receive the third reference voltage, and the output of the third operational amplifier P3 is connected to the second terminal of the switching module 40.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the cell group A11 is charging, if the first voltage is greater than the second reference voltage, it indicates that the charging current is greater than the charging current threshold. At this time, the second operational amplifier P2 controls the switch module 40 to open, thereby disconnecting the charging and discharging circuit and stopping the charging of the cell group A11, thus achieving abnormal current protection for the charging of the cell group A11. When the cell group A11 is discharging, if the first voltage is less than the third reference voltage, it indicates that the discharging current is greater than the discharging current threshold. At this time, the third operational amplifier P3 controls the switch module 40 to open, thereby disconnecting the charging and discharging circuit and stopping the discharging of the cell group A11, thus achieving abnormal current protection for the discharging of the cell group A11.

[0039] Optional, refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the switching module 40 includes a charging switch unit 41 and a discharging switch unit 42; the charging switch unit 41 is connected to the control module 30 and the controller 10 respectively, and the charging switch unit 41 is configured in the charging and discharging circuit; the discharging switch unit 42 is connected to the control module 30 and the controller 10 respectively, and the discharging switch unit 42 is configured in the charging and discharging circuit; wherein, the first acquisition module 20 is specifically used to acquire the charging current of the battery cell group A11 and convert it into the first voltage for output, or to acquire the discharging current of the battery cell group A11 and convert it into the first voltage for output; the control module 30 and the controller 10 are both used to control the charging switch unit 41 to disconnect when the battery cell group A11 is charging and the first voltage is abnormal, or to control the discharging switch unit 42 to disconnect when the battery cell group A11 is discharging and the first voltage is abnormal.

[0040] In some embodiments, the charging switch unit 41 includes a first switch device K1, a second switch device K2, and a second resistor R2; the first terminal of the first switch device K1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell group A11, the second terminal of the first switch device K1 is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R2 and the control terminal of the second switch device K2, and the control terminal of the first switch device K1 is connected to the second terminal of the controller 10 and the first terminal of the control module 30, respectively; the control terminal of the second switch device K2 is connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R2, the first terminal of the second switch device K2 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell group A11, and the second terminal of the second switch device K2 is connected to the negative terminal of the load or the negative terminal of the power supply; the second terminal of the second resistor R2 is grounded.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first switching device K1 may be a MOS transistor (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), or other types of switching devices. For example, the first switching device K1 may be a PNP type BJT, wherein the PNP type BJT is composed of three semiconductors, including one N-type (Negative Electricity) semiconductor and two P-type (Positive Electricity) semiconductors, with the N-type semiconductor in the middle and the two P-type semiconductors on both sides.

[0042] In some embodiments, the type of the second switching device K2 includes a MOS transistor, a triode, or other types of switching devices. For example, the type of the second switching device K2 is an NMOS transistor (Negative channel-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor).

[0043] In some embodiments, the discharge switch unit 42 includes a third switch device K3, a fourth switch device K4, and a third resistor R3; the first terminal of the third switch device K3 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell group A11, the second terminal of the third switch device K3 is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor R3 and the control terminal of the fourth switch device K4, and the control terminal of the third switch device K3 is connected to the third terminal of the controller 10 and the second terminal of the control module 30; the control terminal of the fourth switch device K4 is connected to the first terminal of the third resistor R3, the first terminal of the fourth switch device K4 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell group A11, and the second terminal of the fourth switch device K4 is connected to the negative terminal of the load or the negative terminal of the power supply; the second terminal of the third resistor R3 is grounded.

[0044] In some embodiments, the third switching device K3 may be a MOSFET, a transistor, or other types of switching devices. For example, the third switching device K3 may be a PNP transistor.

[0045] In some embodiments, the fourth switching device K4 may be a MOSFET, a transistor, or other types of switching devices. For example, the fourth switching device K4 may be an NMOS transistor.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the battery cell group A11 is charging, the first acquisition module 20 acquires the charging current of the battery cell group A11 and converts it into a first voltage for output. Then, in the event of an abnormal first voltage, the control module 30 and the controller 10 control the charging switch unit 41 to disconnect, thereby disconnecting the charging and discharging circuit and stopping the charging of the battery cell group A11, thus achieving abnormal current protection for the charging of the battery cell group A11. When the battery cell group A11 is discharging, the first acquisition module 20 acquires the discharging current of the battery cell group A11 and converts it into a first voltage for output. Then, in the event of an abnormal first voltage, the control module 30 and the controller 10 control the discharging switch unit 42 to disconnect, thereby stopping the discharging of the battery cell group A11, thus achieving abnormal current protection for the discharging of the battery cell group A11.

[0047] Optionally, in some embodiments, the charge-discharge protection circuit further includes a current limiting module 50; the current limiting module 50 is connected to the controller 10 and is disposed in the charge-discharge circuit; wherein, the controller 10 is further configured to use the current limiting module 50 to ensure that the charging current of the battery cell group A11 is less than the charging current threshold.

[0048] In some embodiments, the current limiting module 50 includes an inductor L1, a diode D1, and a fifth switching device K5; the first end of the inductor L1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell group A11, and the second end of the inductor L1 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D1 and the first end of the fifth switching device K5, respectively; the negative terminal of the diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell group A11; the second end of the fifth switching device K5 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the control terminal of the fifth switching device K5 is connected to the fourth terminal of the controller 10.

[0049] In some embodiments, the fifth switching device K5 may be a MOSFET, a transistor, or other types of switching devices. For example, the fifth switching device K5 may be an NMOS transistor.

[0050] In some embodiments, diode D1 is a reverse protection diode D1. When the power supply voltage is higher than the charging voltage of the battery cell group A11, the controller 10 controls the first switching device K1 to open, causing the second switching device K2 to open, and controls the fifth switching device K5 to turn on. At this time, the power supply charges the inductor L1 and the battery cell group A11. Due to the voltage division effect of the inductor L1, the power supply is stepped down to charge the battery cell group A11, and the current of the inductor L1 gradually increases. The inductor L1 plays a role in limiting the charging current. When the charging current is equal to the charging current threshold, the controller 10 controls the fifth switching device K5 to open. At this time, the inductor L1 discharges, and the battery cell group A11 is charged through the inductor L1. The current of the inductor L1 gradually decreases, that is, the inductor L1 plays a role in limiting the charging current, so that the charging current is always less than or equal to the charging current threshold, and the current is kept normal.

[0051] In this embodiment, the controller 10 uses the current limiting module 50 to ensure that the charging current of the battery cell group A11 is less than the charging current threshold, thereby achieving overcurrent protection for the charging of the battery cell group A11.

[0052] Optionally, in some embodiments, the charge / discharge protection circuit further includes a fuse module 60; the fuse module 60 is connected to the controller 10, and the fuse module 60 is configured to be installed in the charge / discharge circuit; wherein, the controller 10 is further configured to control the fuse module 60 to disconnect the charge / discharge circuit in the event of an abnormal first voltage.

[0053] In some embodiments, the fuse module 60 includes a fourth resistor R4, a sixth switching device K6, and a fuse device F1; the first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell group A11, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the sixth switching device K6; the second end of the sixth switching device K6 is connected to the control terminal of the fuse device F1, and the control terminal of the sixth switching device K6 is connected to the fifth terminal of the controller 10; the first end of the fuse device F1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell group A11, and the second end of the fuse device F1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply or the negative terminal of the load.

[0054] In some embodiments, the type of the sixth switching device K6 includes a MOSFET, a transistor, or other types of switching devices. For example, the type of the sixth switching device K6 is an NMOS transistor.

[0055] In some embodiments, under the condition of a first voltage abnormality, the controller 10 controls the sixth switching device K6 to conduct, causing the fuse device F1 to blow, thereby cutting off the charging and discharging circuit and stopping the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11, thus realizing abnormal current protection for the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11.

[0056] In the event of a short circuit in the switch module 40, the charging and discharging circuit can be cut off by the fuse F1. The switch module 40 and the fuse F1 form a secondary protection against current abnormalities.

[0057] In this embodiment of the application, when the first voltage is abnormal, it indicates that the charging and discharging current is abnormal. The controller 10 controls the fuse module 60 to cut off the charging and discharging circuit, so that the battery cell group A11 stops charging and discharging, thereby realizing the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11.

[0058] Optionally, in some embodiments, the charge-discharge protection circuit further includes a plurality of second acquisition modules 70; each of the second acquisition modules 70 is connected to the controller 10, and each of the second acquisition modules 70 is located in the area where the heating device is located in the charge-discharge protection circuit; wherein, the second acquisition module 70 is used to acquire the temperature of the heating device and convert it into a second voltage, and the controller 10 is also used to control the switch module 40 to disconnect in the event of an abnormal second voltage.

[0059] In some embodiments, a second voltage anomaly indicates an abnormal temperature of the heating device.

[0060] In some embodiments, the second acquisition module 70 is also used to acquire the ambient temperature of the charging and discharging protection circuit and convert it into a second voltage. If the ambient temperature is too high, the second voltage will be abnormal.

[0061] In some embodiments, the heating device includes a second switching device K2, a fourth switching device K4, etc.

[0062] In some embodiments, the charge-discharge protection circuit includes two second acquisition modules 70. The first and second acquisition modules 70 are both disposed in the area of ​​the current-passing plate A13 where the charge-discharge protection circuit is located. The second acquisition module 70 is disposed in the area between the second switching device K2 and the fourth switching device K4 on the current-passing plate A13.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second acquisition module 70 includes a fifth resistor R5 and a thermistor Rs; the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell group A11, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the thermistor Rs and the sixth end of the controller 10 respectively; the first end of the thermistor Rs is connected to the sixth end of the controller 10, and the second end of the thermistor Rs is grounded.

[0064] In some embodiments, the thermistor Rs can be a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor. The second voltage abnormality means that the second voltage is greater than the first voltage threshold, indicating that the temperature of the heating device is greater than the temperature threshold.

[0065] In some embodiments, the thermistor Rs can be a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor. The second voltage abnormality means that the second voltage is less than the second voltage threshold, indicating that the temperature of the heating device is greater than the temperature threshold.

[0066] In this embodiment, the temperature of the heating device is collected and converted into a second voltage. Then, the controller 10 controls the switch module 40 to disconnect when the second voltage is abnormal, so as to avoid damage to the heating device due to overheating.

[0067] Optionally, in some embodiments, the charge / discharge protection circuit further includes a third acquisition module 80; the third acquisition module 80 is used to connect to the battery cell group A11; the controller 10 is connected to the third acquisition module 80; wherein, the third acquisition module 80 is used to acquire the voltage of the battery cell group A11, and the controller 10 is also used to control the switch module 40 to disconnect when the voltage of the battery cell group A11 is abnormal.

[0068] In some embodiments, the third acquisition module 80 includes a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh resistor R7. The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell group A11. The second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the seventh terminal of the controller 10 and the first end of the seventh resistor R7, respectively. The first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the seventh terminal of the controller 10, and the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded.

[0069] In some embodiments, the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 are both voltage divider resistors. The voltage of the cell group A11 is acquired by the third acquisition module 80, and the voltage of the seventh resistor R7 is obtained by the controller 10. If the voltage of the seventh resistor R7 is abnormal, it indicates that the voltage of the cell group A11 is abnormal.

[0070] In some embodiments, a voltage anomaly in cell group A11 includes a voltage in cell group A11 exceeding a third voltage threshold.

[0071] In this embodiment of the application, the voltage of the battery cell group A11 is collected by the third acquisition module 80, and then the controller 10 controls the switch module 40 to disconnect when the voltage of the battery cell group A11 is abnormal, so as to realize the overvoltage protection of the battery cell group A11.

[0072] In some embodiments, the charge-discharge protection circuit further includes a fourth acquisition module 90, which is connected to the negative terminal of the load and the controller 10. The fourth acquisition module 90 is used to acquire the voltage of the negative terminal of the cell group A11. The controller 10 is used to control the switch module 40 to disconnect when the voltage of the negative terminal of the cell group A11 is abnormal, so as to realize the overvoltage protection of the cell group A11.

[0073] In some embodiments, the fourth acquisition module 90 includes a ninth resistor R9 and a tenth resistor R10. The first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the negative terminal of the load, and the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the eighth terminal of the controller 10 and the first end of the tenth resistor R10, respectively. The first end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the eighth terminal of the controller 10, and the second end of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded.

[0074] In some embodiments, an abnormal voltage at the negative terminal of the load includes a voltage at the negative terminal of the load that is greater than a fourth voltage threshold.

[0075] In some embodiments, the ninth resistor R9 and the tenth resistor R10 are both voltage divider resistors. An abnormal voltage in the tenth resistor R10 indicates an abnormal voltage at the negative terminal of the load. When the voltage in the tenth resistor R10 is abnormal, the controller 10 controls the switch module 40 to disconnect to avoid short-circuiting the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell group A11, which could damage the battery cell group A11.

[0076] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge protection circuit further includes a pre-discharge module B1, which is disposed in the charge / discharge circuit of the cell group A11. The pre-discharge module B1 is connected in parallel with the fourth switching device K4. The controller 10 is connected to the pre-discharge module B1. The controller 10 is used to control the fourth switching device K4 to open and control the pre-discharge module B1 to open at the beginning stage of the discharge of the cell group A11, that is, when the discharge time is less than a preset time, so that the discharge current passes through the pre-discharge module B1. The pre-discharge module B1 is used to limit the discharge current to prevent the cell group A11 from being damaged due to excessive discharge current caused by a short circuit in the cell group A11. When the discharge time reaches the preset time, the controller controls the fourth switching device K4 to open and controls the pre-discharge module B1 to open, so as to avoid the pre-discharge module B1 consuming power.

[0077] In some embodiments, the pre-play module B1 includes a seventh switching device K7 and an eighth resistor R8. The first terminal of the seventh switching device K7 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell group A11, the second terminal of the seventh switching device K7 is connected to the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8, and the control terminal of the seventh switching device K7 is connected to the ninth terminal of the controller 10. The second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.

[0078] In some embodiments, the eighth resistor R8 is a current-limiting resistor; the controller 10 is used to control the fourth switching device K4 to open and the seventh switching device K7 to open at the beginning of the discharge of the battery cell group A11, that is, when the discharge time is less than the preset time, so that the discharge current passes through the pre-discharge module B1. The eighth resistor R8 is used to limit the discharge current to prevent the battery cell group A11 from being damaged due to excessive discharge current caused by short circuit in the battery cell group A11; when the discharge time reaches the preset time, the controller controls the fourth switching device K4 to open and the seventh switching device K7 to open, so as to avoid the eighth resistor R8 consuming power.

[0079] In some embodiments, the type of the seventh switching device K7 includes a MOSFET, a transistor, or other types of switching devices. For example, the type of the seventh switching device K7 is an NMOS transistor.

[0080] In some embodiments, the charge-discharge protection circuit further includes a voltage conversion module B2, which is connected to the battery cell group A11 and the controller 10 respectively. The voltage conversion module B2 is used to convert the voltage of the battery cell group A11 into a third voltage to power the controller 10.

[0081] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion module B2 includes an eleventh resistor R11, an optocoupler B21, a voltage divider submodule B22, a first voltage converter B23, and a voltage regulator B24; the voltage divider submodule B22 includes a twelfth resistor R12 and a thirteenth resistor R13; the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11 is used to receive an enable signal, and the second terminal of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the anode of the optocoupler B21; the cathode of the optocoupler B21 is grounded, and the collector of the optocoupler B21 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell assembly A11. The emitter of optocoupler B21 is connected to the first end of the twelfth resistor R12; the second end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the input of the first voltage converter B23 and the first end of the thirteenth resistor R13; the first end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the input of the first voltage converter B23, and the second end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is grounded; the output of the first voltage converter B23 is connected to the input of the voltage regulator B24, and the output of the voltage regulator B24 is connected to the power supply of the controller 10.

[0082] In some embodiments, the eleventh resistor R11 is a current-limiting resistor, the twelfth resistor R12 and the thirteenth resistor R13 are voltage-dividing resistors, the first voltage converter B23 is used to convert the voltage of the thirteenth resistor R13 and output it, and the voltage regulator B24 is used to reduce noise and regulate the voltage output by the first voltage converter B23.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first voltage converter B23 is a buck converter.

[0084] In some embodiments, the output voltage of the first voltage converter B23 is 12 volts.

[0085] In some embodiments, regulator B24 is a low dropout linear regulator (LDO).

[0086] In some embodiments, regulator B24 is used to convert a 12-volt input voltage to a 3.3-volt output.

[0087] In some embodiments, the charge and discharge protection circuit further includes a first interface B32 module B3, which is connected to the controller 10 and is used to connect to the second interface A122 module of the control board A12.

[0088] In some embodiments, the first interface B32 module B3 includes a communication isolation chip B31 and a first interface B32. The first end of the communication isolation chip B31 is connected to the signal end of the controller 10, and the second end of the communication isolation chip B31 is connected to the first interface B32. The communication isolation chip B31 is used to isolate communication.

[0089] In some embodiments, the number of signal terminals of the controller 10 is multiple, and the types of signal terminals of the controller 10 include ground signal terminal, enable signal terminal, data signal (SDA, Serial Data Analog) terminal, clock signal (SCL, Serial Clock Line) terminal, etc.; wherein, the integrated circuit interconnect (I2C, Inter-Integrated Circuit Interface) bus communication includes SDA and SCL.

[0090] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge protection circuit further includes a heating control module B4, which is connected to the controller 10 and the heating film respectively. The controller 10 is used to control the on and off of the heating control module B4. When the heating control module B4 is on, the heating film is energized and heated. When the heating control module B4 is off, the heating film is de-energized and stops heating. The heating film is used to be placed in the area where the battery cell group A11 is located, and the heating film heats up to increase the temperature of the battery cell group A11.

[0091] In some embodiments, the heating control module B4 may be a relay or other switching device.

[0092] In some embodiments, the negative terminal of the battery pack A11 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the fourth switching device K4, the first end of the seventh switching device K7, and the second end of the third resistor R3, the second end of the fourth switching device K4 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8, the first end of the inductor L1, and the first end of the second switching device K2, the second end of the second switching device K2 is connected to the second end of the fifth switching device K5 and the first end of the fuse F1, and the second end of the fuse F1 is connected to the negative terminal of the load or the negative terminal of the power supply; the output terminal of the first operational amplifier P1 The first terminal of the first operational amplifier P2 and the second terminal of the third operational amplifier P3 are connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier P2 and the third terminal of the third operational amplifier P3, respectively. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier P2 is connected to the control terminal of the first switching device K1, and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier P3 is connected to the control terminal of the third switching device K3. The first terminal of the first switching device K1 and the first terminal of the third switching device K3 are connected to the output terminal of the first voltage converter B23, respectively. The second terminal of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9. The first terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the emitter of the optocoupler B21. The first terminal of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first terminal of the fuse device F1.

[0093] In some embodiments, when the battery pack A11 is charging, the first voltage output by the first operational amplifier P1 is the sum of the voltage of the first resistor R1 and the first reference voltage. When the charging current is greater than the charging current threshold, the first voltage is greater than the second reference voltage and the first voltage is greater than the third reference voltage. Then, the second operational amplifier P2 outputs a high level, the first switching device K1 is turned off, the second switching device K2 is turned off, the third operational amplifier P3 outputs a low level, the third switching device K3 is turned on, and the fourth switching device K4 is turned on. When the charging current is less than the charging current threshold, the first voltage is less than the second reference voltage and the first voltage is greater than the third reference voltage. Then, the second operational amplifier P2 outputs a low level, the first switching device K1 is turned on, the second switching device K2 is turned on, the third operational amplifier P3 outputs a low level, the third switching device K3 is turned on, and the fourth switching device K4 is turned on.

[0094] In some embodiments, when the battery pack A11 is discharging, the first voltage output by the first operational amplifier P1 is the difference between the voltage of the first resistor R1 and the first reference voltage. When the discharge current is greater than the discharge current threshold, the first voltage is less than the second reference voltage and less than the third reference voltage. Then, the second operational amplifier P2 outputs a low level, the first switching device K1 is turned on, the second switching device K2 is turned on, the third operational amplifier P3 outputs a high level, the third switching device K3 is turned off, and the fourth switching device K4 is turned off. When the discharge current is less than the discharge current threshold, the first voltage is less than the second reference voltage and greater than the third reference voltage. Then, the second operational amplifier P2 outputs a low level, the first switching device K1 is turned on, the second switching device K2 is turned on, the third operational amplifier P3 outputs a low level, the third switching device K3 is turned on, and the fourth switching device K4 is turned on.

[0095] Reference Figure 4 This application also provides a battery pack A1, including a cell group A11, a control board A12 and a current-passing plate A13 connected to each other, wherein the current-passing plate A13 is provided with the aforementioned charge and discharge protection circuit.

[0096] The specific implementation of the charge and discharge protection circuit in battery pack A1 is similar to that described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] Reference Figure 5 In some embodiments, the control board A12 is provided with a control unit A121, a second interface A122, a third interface A123, and a fourth interface A124. The control unit A121 is connected to the second interface A122, the third interface A123, and the fourth interface A124 respectively. The second interface A122 is connected to the first interface B32. The third interface A123 is connected to the battery cell group A11. The fourth interface A124 is connected to external devices for communication. The control unit A121 interacts with the controller 10 through the second interface A122. The control unit A121 collects analog signals such as the voltage of the battery cell group A11 through the third interface A123. The control unit A121 communicates with external devices through the fourth interface A124.

[0098] In some embodiments, the control board A12 and the flow board A13 communicate using an integrated circuit interconnect or a controller area network (CAN), and are physically connected using a multi-pin pluggable connector.

[0099] In some embodiments, the control board A12 is compatible with cell voltage acquisition, temperature acquisition, and current acquisition with different numbers of cells, and has functions such as data storage, data calculation, external communication, power switch control, precharge signal control, current limiting, and heating signal control.

[0100] In some embodiments, the flow plate A13 has the function of turning on and off the electrical circuit of the entire battery pack A1 system, and also has functions such as heating execution, pre-charge execution, current limiting execution, and main circuit protection.

[0101] In some embodiments, the type of flow plate A13 includes a conventional flow plate and a high-pressure flow plate.

[0102] When the current-carrying board A13 is a conventional current-carrying board, after the control board A12 drives the current-carrying board A13 to start pre-charging, it turns on the switch module 40. The controller 10 of the current-carrying board A13 sends the collected current information, total voltage information, and temperature information back to the control board A12 for processing. At the same time, the controller 10 of the current-carrying board A13 also receives heating signals, pre-charging signals, current limiting signals, and control signals transmitted from the control board A12. In actual use, if extreme overcurrent or short circuit occurs during charging or discharging, the current-carrying board A13 will quickly achieve autonomous protection and self-locking, avoiding the delay caused by the fault signal being transmitted back and forth between modules, which could lead to device damage.

[0103] Under the same framework, the difference between the conventional current-passing plate and the high-voltage current-passing plate is that the high-voltage current-passing plate does not include the second switching device K2 in the current-limiting module 50 and the switching module 40, and the fourth switching device K4 is selected as a high-voltage (e.g., 650 volts) switching device.

[0104] This application also provides an energy storage device, including at least one battery pack A1 as described above.

[0105] The specific implementation of battery pack A1 in the energy storage device is similar to that described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] In some embodiments, the connection relationship between multiple battery packs A1 in the energy storage device can be series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel.

[0107] In some embodiments, the single battery pack A1 is used independently, and the current-passing plate A13 has the functions of current acquisition, temperature monitoring and protection, and can independently or under external control cut off the electrical circuit.

[0108] In some embodiments, multiple battery packs A1 are used in parallel, which enables current acquisition, temperature monitoring and protection of each battery pack A1 circuit, and each battery pack A1 can be self-protected, ultimately achieving overall protection.

[0109] In some embodiments, the energy storage device can be compatible with the series use of up to four battery packs A1, and has the functions of current acquisition, temperature monitoring and protection of the total circuit. As the first-level battery pack A1, the total circuit can be cut off for self-protection. The current-passing plates A13 of other lower levels can be removed to save costs.

[0110] The flow board A13 provided in this application embodiment can be combined with different types of control boards A12 to form a single battery pack A1 or multiple battery packs A1. It can not only be used as a single battery pack A1, but also supports the series connection or parallel connection of four battery packs A1, which improves the versatility and reusability of the product and reduces the storage rate between different products.

[0111] In some embodiments, in order to enable the product to output greater power in single-pack, parallel, and series applications, the current-carrying plate A13 includes a conventional (e.g., 48 volts, 100 amps) current-carrying plate A13 and a high-current (e.g., 48 volts, 200 amps) current-carrying plate A13. In the high-current current-carrying plate A13, multiple second switching devices K2 are used in parallel to replace a single second switching device K2, and multiple fourth switching devices K4 are used in parallel to replace a single fourth switching device K4.

[0112] Reference Figure 6 In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a main control box A4, which is connected to the current-carrying plate A13 in each battery pack A1. The main control box A4 is also connected to the load and the power supply. Each battery pack A1 is connected to the same busbar. The main control box A4 is used to control the charging and discharging of each battery pack A1, that is, to control the connection and disconnection between each battery pack A1 and the load, and to control the connection and disconnection between each battery pack A1 and the power supply.

[0113] Reference Figure 7 In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an energy storage inverter A3 (PCS, PowerConversion System), the energy storage inverter A3, the current-passing plate A13 in the first battery pack A1 and the cell group A11 in each battery pack A1 form a circuit, and all the cell groups A11 in the battery pack A1 share the current-passing plate A13 in the first battery pack A1.

[0114] Reference Figure 8In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an energy storage inverter A3 and a second voltage converter A2. The second voltage converter A2 is connected to the cell group A11 through a current-passing plate A13 and is also connected to the energy storage inverter A3. When the cell group A11 in the battery pack A1 discharges, the voltage of the cell group A11 is converted by the second voltage converter A2 and then output to the energy storage inverter A3. The energy storage inverter A3 performs a DC-to-AC voltage conversion and outputs the voltage to the load. Alternatively, the AC power supply can be converted from AC to DC by the energy storage inverter A3 and then output to the second voltage converter A2. The second voltage converter A2 performs a voltage conversion and outputs the voltage to the cell group A11 to charge the cell group A11.

[0115] In some embodiments, the second voltage converter A2 is a DC-DC (Direct Current-Direct Current) converter.

[0116] The embodiments of this application can meet various application scenarios such as single package, series and parallel connection, which greatly enhances the versatility of the product. Moreover, the embodiments of this application have the advantages of simple architecture, convenient operation and simple maintenance.

[0117] This application embodiment decomposes the battery management system at the module level, forming a control board A12 and a current-passing board A13, which together with the cell group A11 constitute the battery pack A1 system. This greatly improves the application scope and realizes a system architecture in which the battery pack A1 can be connected in series and in parallel. It solves the pain point that enterprises need to design different high-voltage products and low-voltage products for different requirements. For enterprises, it improves the versatility and reusability of products and reduces the storage rate.

[0118] In summary, in this embodiment, since the first acquisition module 20 is connected to the controller 10 and the control module 30 respectively, and the first acquisition module 20 is set in the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell group A11, and the switch module 40 is connected to the control module 30 and the controller 10 respectively, and the switch module 40 is set in the charging and discharging circuit, the first acquisition module 20 acquires the charging and discharging current of the battery cell group A11 and converts it into a first voltage for output. If the first voltage is abnormal, it indicates that the charging and discharging current is abnormal. The controller 10 and the control module 30 respectively control the switch module 40 to disconnect, so that the charging and discharging circuit is disconnected and the battery cell group A11 stops charging and discharging, thereby realizing the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11. In this process, the controller 10 and the control module 30 are redundant structures for the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11. If the controller 10 fails, the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11 can still be realized through the control module 30, thereby reducing the risk of failure of the abnormal current protection of the charging and discharging of the battery cell group A11.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device.

[0120] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0121] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A charge / discharge protection circuit, characterized in that, include: Controller (10), first acquisition module (20), control module (30) and switch module (40); The first acquisition module (20) is connected to the controller (10) and the control module (30) respectively. The first acquisition module (20) is used to be set in the charging and discharging circuit of the battery cell group (A11). The switch module (40) is connected to the control module (30) and the controller (10) respectively, and the switch module (40) is used to be installed in the charging and discharging circuit; The first acquisition module (20) is used to acquire the charging and discharging current of the battery cell group (A11) and convert it into a first voltage for output. The control module (30) and the controller (10) are both used to control the switch module (40) to disconnect when the first voltage is abnormal.

2. The charge / discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first acquisition module (20) includes a first resistor (R1) and a first operational amplifier (P1); The first resistor (R1) is disposed in the charging and discharging circuit; The first operational amplifier (P1) is connected to the first resistor (R1), the control module (30) and the controller (10) respectively. The first operational amplifier (P1) is used to receive the first reference voltage, and when the battery pack (A11) is charging, it amplifies the sum of the voltage of the first resistor (R1) and the first reference voltage to the first voltage and outputs it. When the battery pack (A11) is discharging, it amplifies the difference between the voltage of the first resistor (R1) and the first reference voltage to the first voltage and outputs it.

3. The charge / discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (30) includes a second operational amplifier (P2) and a third operational amplifier (P3). The second operational amplifier (P2) is connected to the first acquisition module (20) and the switch module (40) respectively. The second operational amplifier (P2) is used to receive the second reference voltage and control the switch module (40) to disconnect when the first voltage is greater than the second reference voltage. The third operational amplifier (P3) is connected to the first acquisition module (20) and the switch module (40) respectively. The third operational amplifier (P3) is used to receive the third reference voltage and control the switch module (40) to disconnect when the first voltage is less than the third reference voltage.

4. The charge / discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module (40) includes a charging switching unit (41) and a discharging switching unit (42). The charging switch unit (41) is connected to the control module (30) and the controller (10) respectively, and the charging switch unit (41) is used to be installed in the charging and discharging circuit; The discharge switch unit (42) is connected to the control module (30) and the controller (10) respectively, and the discharge switch unit (42) is used to be installed in the charging and discharging circuit; Specifically, the first acquisition module (20) is used to acquire the charging current of the battery cell group (A11) and convert it into the first voltage for output, or to acquire the discharging current of the battery cell group (A11) and convert it into the first voltage for output; the control module (30) and the controller (10) are both used to control the charging switch unit (41) to disconnect when the battery cell group (A11) is charging and the first voltage is abnormal, or to control the discharging switch unit (42) to disconnect when the battery cell group (A11) is discharging and the first voltage is abnormal.

5. The charge / discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charge and discharge protection circuit also includes a current limiting module (50). The current limiting module (50) is connected to the controller (10), and the current limiting module (50) is disposed in the charging and discharging circuit; The controller (10) is also used to make the charging current of the battery pack (A11) less than the charging current threshold through the current limiting module (50).

6. The charge / discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charge and discharge protection circuit also includes a fuse module (60). The insurance module (60) is connected to the controller (10), and the insurance module (60) is used to be installed in the charging and discharging circuit; The controller (10) is also used to control the fuse module (60) to cut off the charging and discharging circuit in the event of the first voltage abnormality.

7. The charge / discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charge and discharge protection circuit also includes multiple second acquisition modules (70). Each of the second acquisition modules (70) is connected to the controller (10), and each of the second acquisition modules (70) is located in the area where the heating device is located in the charge and discharge protection circuit; The second acquisition module (70) is used to acquire the temperature of the heating device and convert it into a second voltage. The controller (10) is also used to control the switch module (40) to disconnect in the event of an abnormal second voltage.

8. The charge / discharge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charge and discharge protection circuit also includes a third acquisition module (80). The third acquisition module (80) is used to connect to the battery cell assembly (A11); The controller (10) is connected to the third acquisition module (80); The third acquisition module (80) is used to acquire the voltage of the battery cell group (A11), and the controller (10) is also used to control the switch module (40) to disconnect when the voltage of the battery cell group (A11) is abnormal.

9. A battery pack (A1), characterized in that, It includes an interconnected battery cell assembly (A11), a control board (A12), and a current-passing board (A13), wherein the current-passing board (A13) is provided with a charge / discharge protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that, It includes at least one battery pack (A1) as described in claim 9.

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