A boost fast charging circuit, a battery management device and a vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a boost fast charging circuit, a battery management device and a vehicle, wherein the boost fast charging circuit comprises an upper electronic circuit, a boost sub-circuit, a voltage stabilizing sub-circuit and a pre-charging resistor, the voltage stabilizing sub-circuit comprises a first contactor, the upper electronic circuit comprises a second contactor, and the pre-charging resistor is connected with the first contactor and the second contactor respectively. In the circuit structure, the target devices of the pre-charging resistor, the first contactor and the upper electronic circuit form a pre-charging loop, and in the case that the pre-charging loop is connected with a load capacitor, the pre-charging loop charges the load capacitor with a second current through a battery in the upper electronic circuit. The circuit design can save a contactor specially controlling whether the pre-charging resistor is connected to the loop, and the copper bar and the control wire harness required for connecting the contactor, thereby reducing the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit technology, specifically to a boost fast charging circuit, a battery management device, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, vehicle charging speed has become one of the important indicators that can improve the consumer experience. One of the effective ways to improve vehicle charging speed is to use a boost fast charging circuit to increase the received power supply voltage, thereby obtaining a higher charging voltage to match the vehicle's charging speed.

[0003] In related technologies, a large capacitor needs to be added to the boost fast charging circuit for voltage regulation. However, the presence of the large capacitor requires an additional contactor to control the switching of the large capacitor circuit, resulting in a high cost for the boost fast charging circuit. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application discloses a boost fast charging circuit, a battery management device, and a vehicle, which can save a contactor, as well as the copper busbar and control wiring harness connected to the contactor, thereby reducing costs.

[0005] A first aspect of this application discloses a boost fast charging circuit, including an upper electronic circuit, a boost sub-circuit, a voltage regulator sub-circuit, and a pre-charging resistor. The voltage regulator sub-circuit includes a first contactor, the upper electronic circuit includes a second contactor, and the pre-charging resistor is connected to both the first contactor and the second contactor, wherein:

[0006] The upper electronic circuit is used to charge the load capacitor with a first current through a battery in the upper electronic circuit when connected to the load capacitor.

[0007] The target device in the upper electronic circuit, the boost sub-circuit, and the voltage regulator sub-circuit form a fast charging circuit. When the fast charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply, the fast charging circuit receives the first voltage after boost processing from the boost converter and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit using the first voltage. The first voltage is obtained by boosting the second voltage input from the input power supply by the boost converter. The first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The target device is the device in the upper electronic circuit other than the second contactor.

[0008] The pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, and the target device of the upper electronic circuit form a pre-charge circuit. When the pre-charge circuit is connected to the load capacitor, the pre-charge circuit charges the load capacitor with a second current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit, and the first current is greater than the second current.

[0009] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of this embodiment, the upper electronic circuit includes a first discharge port, a second discharge port, and a third contactor. The third contactor is connected to the first discharge port and the first connection port of the battery, respectively, and the second contactor is connected to the second connection port of the battery and the second discharge port, respectively.

[0010] The pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, the battery, and the third contactor form the pre-charge circuit. When the first discharge port and the second discharge port are connected to the load capacitor, and both the first contactor and the third contactor are in a closed state, the pre-charge circuit charges the load capacitor with the first current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit.

[0011] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of this embodiment, the upper electronic circuit is used to charge the load capacitor with the second current via the battery when both the second contactor and the third contactor are in a closed state.

[0012] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of this embodiment, the boost sub-circuit includes a boost contactor and a boost positive port, the voltage regulator sub-circuit includes a capacitor, a fast charging positive port, and a fast charging negative port, the boost contactor is connected to the fast charging positive port and the boost positive port respectively, the fast charging negative port is connected to the first contactor, the second contactor and the second connection port of the battery respectively, and the capacitor is connected to the pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, the fast charging positive port and the boost contactor respectively;

[0013] The third contactor, the battery, the boost contactor, the first contactor, and the capacitor form a fast charging circuit. When the boost positive port and the first discharge port are connected to the boost converter, the fast charging positive port and the fast charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and the third contactor, the boost contactor, and the first contactor are all in a closed state, the fast charging circuit receives the boosted first voltage input from the boost converter and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit using the first voltage.

[0014] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of this embodiment, the voltage regulator sub-circuit further includes a fast-charging negative contactor, which is connected to the fast-charging negative terminal port, the first contactor, the second contactor, and the second connection port of the battery.

[0015] The third contactor, the battery, the boost contactor, the first contactor, the capacitor, and the fast-charging negative contactor form a fast-charging circuit. When the boost positive port and the first discharge port are connected to the boost converter, and the fast-charging positive port and the fast-charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and when the third contactor, the boost contactor, the first contactor, and the fast-charging negative contactor are all in a closed state, the fast-charging circuit boosts the voltage input from the input power supply through the boost converter, and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit with the boosted voltage.

[0016] As an optional implementation, in the first aspect of this embodiment, the boost fast charging circuit further includes a fourth contactor, which is connected to the third contactor, the first connection port of the battery, the boost contactor, and the fast charging positive port, respectively.

[0017] The fourth contactor, the battery, the second contactor, and the capacitor form a normal charging circuit. When the fast charging positive port and the fast charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and both the fourth contactor and the second contactor are in the closed state, the normal charging circuit charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit using the voltage input from the input power supply, or...

[0018] The fourth contactor, the battery, the fast-charging negative contactor, the second contactor, and the capacitor form a normal charging circuit. When the fast-charging positive port and the fast-charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and the fourth contactor, the fast-charging negative contactor, and the second contactor are all in a closed state, the normal charging circuit charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit through the voltage input by the input power supply.

[0019] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of this embodiment, the battery includes a battery cell and a fuse. The positive terminal of the battery cell is connected to the third contactor through a first connection port of the battery. The negative terminal of the battery cell is connected to the second contactor, the first contactor, and the fast-charging negative contactor through a second connection port of the battery. The two ends of the fuse are connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery cell, respectively.

[0020] The battery cell is used to store or release electrical energy;

[0021] The fuse is used to ensure that the current flowing through the battery cell is less than a first threshold.

[0022] As an optional implementation, in a first aspect of this embodiment, the rated voltage of the first contactor, the second contactor, the third contactor, the fourth contactor, the boost contactor, and the fast-charging negative contactor is greater than a second threshold.

[0023] A second aspect of this application discloses a battery management device, including a controller and any of the above-described boost fast charging circuits.

[0024] The controller is configured to control the on / off states of the first contactor, second contactor, third contactor, fourth contactor, boost contactor, and fast-charging negative contactor; and, when the upper electronic circuit is connected to the load capacitor, to control the battery in the upper electronic circuit to charge the load capacitor with a first current; and, to control the target device, boost sub-circuit, and voltage regulator sub-circuit of the upper electronic circuit to form a fast-charging circuit; and, when the fast-charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply, to control the fast-charging circuit to receive the boosted first voltage input from the boost converter and, through the first contactor... A voltage is used to charge the battery in the upper electronic circuit. The first voltage is obtained by the controller controlling the boost converter to boost the second voltage input from the input power supply. The target device is the device in the upper electronic circuit other than the second contactor. It is also used to control the pre-charge resistor, the first contactor and the target device in the upper electronic circuit to form a pre-charge circuit. It is also used to control the pre-charge circuit to charge the load capacitor with a second current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit when the pre-charge circuit is connected to the load capacitor. The first current is greater than the second current.

[0025] A third aspect of this application discloses a vehicle including any of the above-described boost fast charging circuits.

[0026] Compared with related technologies, the embodiments of this application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0027] This application discloses a boost fast charging circuit, including an upper electronic circuit, a boost sub-circuit, a voltage regulator sub-circuit, and a pre-charging resistor. The voltage regulator sub-circuit includes a first contactor, and the upper electronic circuit includes a second contactor. The pre-charging resistor is connected to both the first and second contactors. In this circuit structure, when the upper electronic circuit is connected to a load capacitor, it charges the load capacitor with a first current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit. The target device of the upper electronic circuit, the boost sub-circuit, and the voltage regulator sub-circuit form a fast charging loop. This fast charging loop receives the boosted first voltage from the boost converter and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit with the first voltage. The pre-charging resistor, the first contactor, and the target device of the upper electronic circuit form a pre-charging loop. When the pre-charging loop is connected to the load capacitor, it charges the load capacitor with a second current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit, where the first current is greater than the second current. The pre-charge resistor is connected to the first contactor in the voltage regulator circuit and the second contactor in the upper electronic circuit, respectively. When connected to the load capacitor, the pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, and the target device in the upper electronic circuit form a pre-charge circuit. Thus, the pre-charge resistor can reuse the first contactor in the voltage regulator circuit to form a pre-charge circuit, saving the pre-charge contactor connected to the pre-charge resistor. This saves one contactor in the boost fast charging circuit, as well as the copper busbar and control wiring required to connect the contactor. This reduces costs and also reduces product size and weight. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a boost fast charging circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of another boost fast charging circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a pre-charge circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an illustration of a power-on circuit formed by an electronic circuit as disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of another boost fast charging circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fast charging circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of another boost fast charging circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a normal charging circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of another boost fast charging circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 10 This application discloses a schematic structural diagram of a battery management device.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "first, second, third" used in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish similar or different objects and do not represent a specific order of objects. It can be understood that "first, second, third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0043] In today's automotive industry's accelerated transition to electrification, charging efficiency has become a key bottleneck restricting user experience. With continuous iterations in battery technology, vehicles' demand for charging power continues to rise, and one of the core factors influencing charging speed is charging voltage—under the same current conditions, higher voltage directly improves energy transfer efficiency per unit time. Therefore, employing boost fast charging circuits to increase the power voltage received by vehicles has become one of the core technological paths for major automakers and component manufacturers to optimize the charging experience.

[0044] However, the operating mechanism of boost fast charging circuits conceals a key factor affecting cost. During the boost process, voltage and current fluctuations increase significantly. To stabilize the output voltage and prevent spikes from damaging the battery management system and battery cells, large-capacity electrolytic capacitors (i.e., large capacitors) must be connected. These large capacitors act as an "energy buffer," rapidly absorbing voltage fluctuations during charging and discharging, ensuring a stable current entering the battery. This is a necessary design feature to guarantee charging safety and battery life.

[0045] However, the introduction of large capacitors also brings new technical challenges: at the moment of circuit startup or power failure, the large capacitor will generate a huge inrush current due to the sudden change in voltage across its terminals. This instantaneous inrush current may break down semiconductor devices in the circuit, or even cause the capacitor to overheat and be damaged. To solve this problem, the industry's common practice is to connect a contactor in series on the branch where the large capacitor is located. The contactor's function is to close when the circuit is running stably, allowing the large capacitor to participate in voltage regulation normally; and to open during startup or power failure, limiting the inrush current through a series pre-charge resistor, and then closing again after the capacitor voltage has stabilized, thereby protecting the circuit components.

[0046] While this design logic ensures the safety of the circuit, it directly increases the overall cost of the boost fast charging circuit. First, large capacitors are inherently high-cost components, and their capacity and voltage rating must match the fast charging power requirements. The larger the capacity and the higher the voltage rating, the more significant the cost increase. Second, contactors, as precision electromechanical components, not only have high procurement costs but also require additional control circuitry to achieve timing linkage, further increasing hardware complexity and R&D investment.

[0047] To reduce the cost of boost fast charging circuits, this application discloses a boost fast charging circuit, including an upper electronic circuit, a boost sub-circuit, a voltage regulator sub-circuit, and a pre-charging resistor. The voltage regulator sub-circuit includes a first contactor, the upper electronic circuit includes a second contactor, and the pre-charging resistor is connected to both the first and second contactors, wherein:

[0048] The upper electronic circuit is used to charge the load capacitor with a first current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit when connected to the load capacitor.

[0049] The target device, boost circuit, and voltage regulator circuit of the upper electronic circuit form a fast charging circuit. When the fast charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply, the fast charging circuit receives the first voltage after boost processing from the boost converter and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit through the first voltage. The first voltage is obtained by boosting the second voltage input from the input power supply by the boost converter. The first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The target device is the device in the upper electronic circuit except for the second contactor.

[0050] The pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, and the target device in the upper electronic circuit form a pre-charge circuit. When the pre-charge circuit is connected to the load capacitor, the pre-charge circuit charges the load capacitor with a second current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit. The first current is greater than the second current.

[0051] It can be understood that in this circuit structure, when the upper electronic circuit is connected to the load capacitor, it charges the load capacitor with a first current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit; the target device, boost sub-circuit, and voltage regulator sub-circuit of the upper electronic circuit form a fast charging circuit, which receives the first voltage after boost processing from the boost converter and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit through the first voltage; the pre-charging resistor, the first contactor, and the target device of the upper electronic circuit form a pre-charging circuit. When the pre-charging circuit is connected to the load capacitor, the pre-charging circuit charges the load capacitor with a second current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit, and the first current is greater than the second current. The pre-charge resistor is connected to the first contactor in the voltage regulator circuit and the second contactor in the upper electronic circuit, respectively. When connected to the load capacitor, the pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, and the target device in the upper electronic circuit form a pre-charge circuit. Thus, the pre-charge resistor can reuse the first contactor in the voltage regulator circuit to form a pre-charge circuit, saving the pre-charge contactor connected to the pre-charge resistor. This saves one contactor in the boost fast charging circuit, as well as the copper busbar and control wiring required to connect the contactor. This reduces costs and also reduces product size and weight.

[0052] The power supply circuits provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so as to make the purpose and technical solutions of this application clearer and more intuitive. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0053] It is understood that the boost fast charging circuit disclosed in this application can be applied to a variety of vehicles that require high-voltage fast charging, such as new energy vehicles, electric commercial vehicles, electric ships, two-wheeled electric vehicles or three-wheeled electric vehicles, etc. No specific restrictions are made here, and the appropriate method can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0054] Optionally, the boost fast charging circuit disclosed in this application can also be applied to other electrical equipment, electrical control systems, etc. that require high-voltage fast charging, and this application does not impose specific limitations.

[0055] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a boost fast charging circuit 10 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. The boost fast charging circuit 10 includes an upper electronic circuit 11, a boost sub-circuit 12, a voltage regulator sub-circuit 13, and a pre-charging resistor 14. The boost sub-circuit 12 is connected to the upper electronic circuit 11 and the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13. The voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 includes a first contactor 131, and the upper electronic circuit 11 includes a second contactor 111. The pre-charging resistor 14 is connected to the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111, respectively.

[0056] The first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 are electromagnetic switching devices that can connect and disconnect AC and DC circuits.

[0057] In some embodiments, the structure of the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 can be an electromagnetic structure, a contact structure, an arc-extinguishing structure, or a housing and support, etc., without specific limitations. Different contactors may include different structures, which can be selected according to actual conditions. The electromagnetic structure in the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 can be a coil, a stationary iron core, and a moving iron core, etc. When the coil is energized, the iron core generates electromagnetic attraction, attracting the moving iron core to drive the contacts. At this time, the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 are in a conducting state, allowing current to flow through either the first contactor 131 or the second contactor 111. After the coil is de-energized, the moving iron core resets under the action of spring force. At this time, the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 are in an open state, blocking the current from flowing through them. The arc-extinguishing structure in the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 can extinguish the electric arc generated when the contacts are broken, preventing damage to the contacts of the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111, thereby extending their service life. In addition, the housing and bracket of the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 are mainly made of insulating material, which can fix the device and play a protective and insulating role.

[0058] In the above example, the first contactor and the second contactor are electromagnetic contactors. Optionally, the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 can also be electromagnetic contactors, pneumatic contactors, or hydraulic contactors, etc. The first contactor and the second contactor can be the same type of contactor or different types of contactors. There are no specific restrictions here, and the choice can be made according to the actual situation.

[0059] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 can be greater than the second threshold. It is understood that the rated voltage of the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 refers to the voltage value that the contactor can withstand for a long period under normal operating conditions. A rated voltage greater than the second threshold can make its insulation stronger, enabling it to withstand higher voltage surges and making it more suitable for operation in high-voltage boost fast charging circuits. Furthermore, in practical applications, if the rated voltage of the contactor is much higher than the actual operating voltage, the voltage stress on its internal insulating materials and electronic components will be less, resulting in a slower aging rate and thus extending the contactor's service life. Therefore, when selecting the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111, the rated voltage of the selected contactor needs to be greater than the second threshold.

[0060] Optionally, the second threshold can be 400V, 600V, or 800V, etc. The rated voltages of the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 can be the same or different. The appropriate rated voltage contactor can be selected according to the actual situation. No specific restrictions are imposed here to ensure the safety and reliability of the boost fast charging circuit 10.

[0061] The pre-charge resistor 14, which is connected to the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111, can limit the current during the pre-charge phase of the boost charging circuit, thereby protecting other circuit components from damage caused by instantaneous large currents and ensuring a smooth system startup.

[0062] Optionally, the pre-charge resistor 14 can be a wire-wound pre-charge resistor, a cement pre-charge resistor, or a thin-film pre-charge resistor, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and it can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0063] The upper electronic circuit 11 is used to charge the load capacitor with a first current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit 11 when connected to the load capacitor.

[0064] In some embodiments, in addition to the second contactor 111 included in the upper electronic circuit 11, the target device in the upper electronic circuit 11 may also include other contactors connected to the second contactor. When both the other contactors and the second contactor are in a conducting state, the upper electronic circuit 11 can charge the load capacitor with a first current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit 11.

[0065] The load capacitor is a key component for ensuring the stable operation of the boost fast charging circuit 10 and improving fast charging efficiency. Utilizing the energy storage characteristics of the load capacitor, the boost fast charging circuit 10 absorbs energy (charging) when other related contactors are turned on and releases energy (discharging) when other related contactors are turned off. This keeps the output voltage ripple within an extremely low range, for example, less than 1% of the rated voltage, preventing ripple from impacting the loads connected to the boost fast charging circuit 10, such as motor controllers. Furthermore, when the battery suddenly increases its charging current, the load capacitor can instantly discharge to replenish energy, preventing the input voltage from dropping due to insufficient supply. Additionally, during contactor switching, parasitic inductances in the boost fast charging circuit 10, such as wire inductance and component lead inductance, will generate voltage spikes. The load capacitor can absorb these spikes through its low impedance characteristics, reducing the withstand voltage across the contactors and preventing damage due to overvoltage.

[0066] Optionally, the load capacitor can be one of the following types of capacitors: aluminum electrolytic capacitor, tantalum electrolytic capacitor, polymer electrolytic capacitor, and film capacitor. No specific restrictions are imposed here, and the appropriate type can be selected based on the actual situation.

[0067] In some embodiments, a battery may include electrodes, an electrolyte, a separator, tabs, and a cover, wherein the electrodes may include a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Taking a lithium battery as an example, the positive electrode of a lithium battery may be made by coating an aluminum foil with an active material, a conductive agent, and a binder, and is responsible for storing and releasing lithium ions. The negative electrode of a lithium battery may be made by coating a copper foil with an active material, a conductive agent, and a binder, where lithium ions are inserted and extracted. The electrolyte of a lithium battery is formed by dissolving lithium salts in an organic solvent and serves as a channel for lithium ion migration, requiring high conductivity and chemical stability. The separator of a lithium battery may include a porous insulating film, such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), which separates the positive and negative electrodes to prevent them from being disconnected from the circuit, while allowing lithium ions to pass through.

[0068] Optionally, the casing can be an aluminum casing or a pouch, etc., without specific limitations, to protect the internal structure of the battery.

[0069] Alternatively, there are many types of batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and sodium-ion batteries. No specific restrictions are made here, and the appropriate type can be selected based on the actual situation.

[0070] In this embodiment, the target device of the upper electronic circuit 11, the boost sub-circuit 12, and the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 form a fast charging circuit. When the fast charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply, the fast charging circuit receives the first voltage after boost processing input from the boost converter and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit through the first voltage. The first voltage is obtained by boost processing the second voltage input from the input power supply.

[0071] The first voltage after being processed by the boost converter is greater than the second voltage input by the power supply.

[0072] In some embodiments, the boost converter increases the input power supply by a set ratio. For example, if the second voltage of the input power supply is 220V and the boost converter's set ratio is 1.5 times, then the second voltage after processing by the boost converter will be 440V. It is understood that the above description is merely an example and is not limited thereto.

[0073] The target device refers to any device in the upper electronic circuit 11 other than the second contactor 111. For example, the target device can be other high-voltage contactors, high-voltage fuses, etc., included in the upper electronic circuit, without specific limitations. This allows the other high-voltage contactors, boost circuit 12, and voltage regulator circuit 13 of the upper electronic circuit 11 to form a fast-charging circuit; or, the high-voltage fuses, boost circuit 12, and voltage regulator circuit 13 of the upper electronic circuit 11 to form a fast-charging circuit; or, the other high-voltage contactors, high-voltage fuses, boost circuit 12, and voltage regulator circuit 13 of the upper electronic circuit 11 to form a fast-charging circuit. Among these, the other high-voltage contactors can be devices in the upper electronic circuit that have high-voltage branch circuits, capable of controlling the on / off state of the high-voltage branch circuits. The high-voltage fuse is designed to quickly melt when the circuit current in the upper electronic circuit exceeds its rated value, preventing damage to the devices in the upper electronic circuit due to excessive current.

[0074] It is understood that the above description of the target device in the electronic circuit is merely an example, but not a limitation.

[0075] In some embodiments, the boost sub-circuit 12 may include a contactor associated with boosting to control the on / off state of the booster connection to the circuit. The voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 may include a capacitor 132 and other related contactors connected to the capacitor 132. These other related contactors connected to the capacitor 132 can be used to control the on / off state of the capacitor connection to the circuit. It can be understood that the other related contactors connected to the capacitor 132 are first contactors 131. The first contactor 131 can not only form a pre-charge circuit with the pre-charge resistor 14 and the target device of the upper electronic circuit, but also control whether the capacitor is connected to the fast charging circuit formed by the target device of the upper electronic circuit, the boost sub-circuit, and the voltage regulator sub-circuit, so as to play a voltage stabilizing role when the boost fast charging circuit boosts and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit through the input power. For example, the target device in the upper electronic circuit 11, the boost-related contactor in the boost sub-circuit 12, the capacitor 132 in the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13, and the first contactor controlling whether the capacitor is connected to the fast charging circuit form a fast charging circuit. When the fast charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply, the boost converter boosts the second voltage input from the input power supply, and the boosted first voltage charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit 11. In this method, only one contactor is used in the voltage regulator sub-circuit connected to the capacitor to control the on / off state of the pre-charge circuit and whether the capacitor is connected to the fast charging circuit. This allows the pre-charge resistor to reuse the first contactor in the voltage regulator sub-circuit to form the pre-charge circuit, saving the pre-charge contactor connected to the pre-charge resistor. This saves one contactor in the boost fast charging circuit, as well as the copper busbar and control wiring required to connect the contactor, reducing costs and product size and weight.

[0076] The boost converter connected to the fast charging circuit is a conversion device that uses internal electronic components to convert low voltage to high voltage.

[0077] In some embodiments, the boost converter may include switching transistors, inductors, diodes, capacitors, and control chips, etc., without specific limitations, and can be selected according to actual conditions. The boost converter can use switching transistors, inductors, diodes, capacitors, and control chips to boost the voltage of the acquired input power supply to a set voltage level, and use the boosted voltage that meets the set voltage level to charge the battery in the upper electronic circuit 11.

[0078] Optionally, the boost converter can be one of the following types: basic boost circuit topology, interleaved parallel boost circuit, and isolated boost circuit. No specific restrictions are imposed here, and the choice can be made according to the actual situation.

[0079] The input power source connected to the charging circuit can be an AC input power source based on the power grid, such as AC mains power or high-voltage AC power grid, or it can be an energy storage power source, such as a power battery pack, low-voltage battery, or energy storage battery system, or it can be a renewable energy input power source or a dedicated DC power supply, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and the choice can be made according to the actual situation.

[0080] In this embodiment, the pre-charge resistor 14, the first contactor 131, and the target device of the upper electronic circuit 11 form a pre-charge circuit. When the pre-charge circuit is connected to the load capacitor, the pre-charge circuit charges the load capacitor with a second current through the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11.

[0081] The first current is greater than the second current.

[0082] The pre-charge resistor 14, the first contactor 131, and the target device of the upper electronic circuit 11 form a pre-charge circuit. The pre-charge resistor 14 can limit the inrush current at the moment of power-on of the boost fast charging circuit 10, and prevent key components such as the load capacitor, the first contactor 131, the second contactor 111, and the target device of the upper electronic circuit 11 from being damaged by the instantaneous large current. At the same time, it provides a smooth transition for the boost fast charging circuit 10 to enter the normal working state.

[0083] For example, taking a new energy vehicle as an example, the pre-charge circuit first closes the contactor associated with the pre-charge resistor 14 when the vehicle is powered on, allowing the battery to charge the load capacitor through the pre-charge resistor 14. Because the pre-charge resistor 14 is relatively large, the charging current is limited to a safe value at this time. Subsequently, the battery management system of the new energy vehicle can monitor the load capacitor voltage in real time. When the load voltage rises to close to the battery voltage, the load capacitor charging is basically completed, and the inrush current risk is eliminated. At this time, the contactor associated with the pre-charge resistor 14 can be disconnected, causing the pre-charge resistor 14 to exit the circuit, and the boost fast charging circuit 10 enters a low-loss normal operating state. The load capacitor maintains a stable voltage through the upper electronic circuit 11. This process avoids the strong current surge when other related contactors in the upper electronic circuit 11 are directly closed, ensuring the safe start-up of the entire boost fast charging circuit 10.

[0084] In the circuit structure of the boost fast charging circuit 10 disclosed in this application embodiment, the pre-charging resistor 14 is connected to the first contactor 131 in the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 and the second contactor 111 in the upper electronic circuit 11. When the boost fast charging circuit 10 is connected to the load capacitor, the pre-charging resistor 14, the first contactor 131, and the target device in the upper electronic circuit 11 form a pre-charging circuit. This allows the pre-charging resistor 14 to reuse the first contactor 131 in the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 to form the pre-charging circuit, saving the need for a pre-charging contactor connected to the pre-charging resistor 14. Consequently, the boost fast charging circuit 10 can save one contactor, as well as the copper busbar and control wiring connected to the contactor, reducing costs and product size and weight. Furthermore, since there is one less pre-charging contactor, there is no need to specifically set control commands related to the pre-charging contactor, thereby simplifying the control strategy and improving product stability.

[0085] In some embodiments, the upper electronic circuit 11 of the boost fast charging circuit 10 includes a first discharge port, a second discharge port, and a third contactor. (See also...) Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another boost fast charging circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The circuit structure includes a second contactor 111, a first discharge port 112, a second discharge port 113, a third contactor 114, a first contactor 131, a battery 20, a first connection port 201 of the battery, and a second connection port 202 of the battery. The first discharge port 112 is connected to one end of the third contactor 114, and the other end of the third contactor 114 is connected to the first connection port 201 of the battery. The second connection port 202 of the battery is connected to one end of the second contactor 111, and the other end of the second contactor 111 is connected to the second discharge port 113. The first discharge port 112 and the second discharge port 113 are connected to both ends of a load capacitor.

[0086] In some embodiments, the first discharge port 112 can be a positive discharge electrode, i.e., an electrode where a reduction reaction occurs during discharge, and is the electrode that receives electrons. The second discharge port 113 can be a negative discharge electrode, i.e., an electrode where an oxidation reaction occurs during discharge, and is the electrode that releases electrons.

[0087] For example, in the electronic circuit 11, the second discharge port 113 releases electrons through an oxidation reaction, and the first discharge port 112 receives electrons through a reduction reaction. The directional movement of electrons forms a current to power the load capacitor. That is, the synergistic effect of the first discharge port 112 and the second discharge port 113 realizes the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy.

[0088] In other embodiments, the first discharge port 112 can be the negative discharge electrode, i.e., the electrode where the oxidation reaction occurs during discharge, and is the electrode that releases electrons. The second discharge port 113 can be the positive discharge electrode, i.e., the electrode where the reduction reaction occurs during discharge, and is the electrode that receives electrons.

[0089] The third contactor 114 in the electronic circuit 11 is an automatic electromagnetic switch that can frequently connect and disconnect AC / DC main circuits or high-capacity control circuits.

[0090] Optionally, the third contactor 114 can be an electromagnetic contactor, a pneumatic contactor, or a hydraulic contactor, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and it can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0091] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the third contactor 114 is greater than the second threshold. It is understood that the rated voltage of the third contactor 114 refers to the voltage value that the contactor can withstand long-term under normal operating conditions. A rated voltage greater than the second threshold results in stronger insulation, enabling it to withstand higher voltage surges and making it more suitable for operation in high-voltage boost fast charging circuits. Furthermore, in practical applications, if the rated voltage of the contactor is much higher than the actual operating voltage, the voltage stress on its internal insulating materials and electronic components will be less, slowing down the aging process and extending the contactor's service life. Therefore, when selecting the third contactor 114, its rated voltage must be greater than the second threshold.

[0092] Optionally, the second threshold can be 400V, 600V or 800V, etc., and a suitable contactor can be selected according to the actual situation to ensure the safety and reliability of the boost fast charging circuit 10.

[0093] In this embodiment, a pre-charge resistor, a first contactor, a battery, and a third contactor form a pre-charge circuit. This circuit is used to charge the load capacitor via the battery in the upper electronic circuit when the first and second discharge ports are connected to the load capacitor, and both the first and third contactors are closed. For a clearer understanding of the pre-charge circuit formed by this boost fast charging circuit, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 , Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a pre-charge circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application. The diagram includes a load capacitor 100, a pre-charge resistor 14, a boost sub-circuit 12, a first contactor 131, a battery 20, a first connection port 201 of the battery, a second connection port 202 of the battery, and a third contactor 114. The first discharge port 112 is connected to one end of the third contactor 114, and the other end of the third contactor 114 is connected to the first connection port 201 of the battery. The second connection port 202 of the battery is connected to one end of the second contactor 111, and the other end of the second contactor 111 is connected to the second discharge port 113. The first discharge port 112 and the second discharge port 113 are connected to both ends of the load capacitor. The arrows represent the direction of current flow. When the first discharge port 112 and the second discharge port 113 are connected to the load capacitor and the first contactor 131 and the third contactor 114 are both in the closed state, the pre-charge resistor 14, the first contactor 131, the battery 20 and the third contactor 114 form a pre-charge circuit, and the load capacitor is charged by the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit with the first current.

[0094] It is understandable that in this circuit structure, the first contactor 131 in the voltage regulator circuit 13 is reused. The first contactor 131, the pre-charging resistor 14, and the third contactor 114 in the upper electronic circuit 11 together form a pre-charging circuit. It is unnecessary to use a dedicated pre-charging contactor to control whether the pre-charging resistor 14 is connected to the circuit. The first contactor 131 can replace the function of the pre-charging contactor, allowing the pre-charging circuit to charge the load capacitor with a first current through the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit when both the first contactor 131 and the third contactor 114 are closed. This not only avoids damage to the boost fast charging circuit 10 caused by excessive instantaneous voltage during high-voltage power-on, but also saves a pre-charging contactor, as well as the copper busbar and control wiring connected to it, reducing costs and product size and weight. Furthermore, since there is no pre-charging contactor, there is no need to specifically set control commands related to it, thus simplifying the control strategy and improving product stability.

[0095] In this embodiment, when the voltage of the load capacitor is brought close to the voltage of the battery 20 through the pre-charge circuit, the first contactor 131 can be in an open state, bypassing the pre-charge resistor 14, so that the boost fast charging circuit 10 is in normal working condition, i.e., power-on is complete, and the battery 20 can be fast-charged by the input power. For a clearer understanding of this process, please refer to further reading. Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of a power-on circuit formed by an electronic circuit according to an embodiment of this application. The diagram includes a load capacitor 100, a pre-charge resistor 14, a boost sub-circuit 12, a first contactor 131, a battery 20, and a third contactor 114. The arrows indicate the direction of current flow. This electronic circuit 11 forms a power-on circuit when both the second contactor 111 and the third contactor 114 are closed. This power-on circuit charges the load capacitor through the battery 20 with a second current. This second current is greater than the first current. At this time, the boost fast charging circuit 10 is in normal working condition, i.e., power-on is complete, and the battery 20 can be fast-charged by the input power supply.

[0096] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of another boost fast charging circuit 10 disclosed in this application embodiment. The boost sub-circuit 12 includes a boost contactor 121 and a boost positive port 122. The voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 includes a capacitor 132, a fast charging positive port 133, and a fast charging negative port 134. One end of the boost contactor 121 is connected to the boost positive port 122. The fast charging negative port is connected to the other end of the first contactor 131, the other end of the second contactor 111, and the second connection port 202 of the battery. One end of the capacitor 132 is connected to one end of the pre-charge resistor 14 and one end of the first contactor 131. The other end of the capacitor 132 is connected to both the fast charging positive port and the other end of the boost contactor 121.

[0097] The boost contactor 121 in the boost sub-circuit 12 is an automatic electromagnetic switching device that can frequently connect and disconnect AC / DC main circuits or high-capacity control circuits.

[0098] Optionally, the booster contactor 121 can be an electromagnetic contactor, a pneumatic contactor, or a hydraulic contactor, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and it can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0099] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the boost contactor 121 is greater than the second threshold. This means the rated voltage of the boost contactor 121 refers to the voltage value it can withstand long-term under normal operating conditions. A rated voltage greater than the second threshold allows for stronger insulation, enabling it to withstand higher voltage surges and making it more suitable for operation in high-voltage boost fast-charging circuits. Furthermore, in practical applications, if the rated voltage of the contactor is much higher than the actual operating voltage, the voltage stress on its internal insulating materials and electronic components will be less, resulting in slower aging and extended contactor lifespan. Therefore, when selecting the boost contactor 121, its rated voltage must be greater than the second threshold.

[0100] Optionally, the second threshold can be 400V, 600V or 800V, etc., and a suitable contactor can be selected according to the actual situation to ensure the safety and reliability of the boost fast charging circuit 10.

[0101] The capacitor 132 in the voltage regulator circuit 13 is a key component for ensuring the stability of the received input power supply voltage, reducing noise, and improving the reliability of the boost fast charging circuit 10.

[0102] In some embodiments, the capacitor 132 may comprise two insulated conductors and an intermediate dielectric, etc., without specific limitations. The conductors may be metal foils, such as aluminum foil, copper foil, etc., without specific limitations. The dielectric may be air, ceramic, or electrolytic paper, etc., without specific limitations.

[0103] Optionally, the capacitor 132 can be any type of ceramic capacitor, electrolytic capacitor, film capacitor, or supercapacitor, without specific restrictions, and can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0104] The fast charging positive and negative ports are key components of fast charging technology, and their materials directly affect the battery's fast charging capability.

[0105] Optionally, the material of the fast-charging positive terminal needs to have good conductivity and lithium-ion diffusion performance. For example, lithium iron phosphate, ternary materials, low-nickel materials, and carbon nanotubes are all acceptable materials. No specific restrictions are imposed here, and the choice can be made according to the actual situation.

[0106] Optionally, the material of the fast charging negative terminal can be carbon material, lithium titanate, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and the choice can be made according to the actual situation.

[0107] In some embodiments, in order to improve the fast charging capability of the graphite-based fast charging negative electrode port, a coating and gradient layered electrode design can be adopted for the fast charging negative electrode port. For example, the graphite surface can be modified to create a porous coating layer, which can build a high-speed channel for current conduction. At the same time, a balance between fast charging and battery life can be achieved through the multi-gradient layered electrode design.

[0108] In other embodiments, to further improve fast charging performance, larger particle size products such as small-particle petroleum coke and needle coke obtained through secondary granulation can be used at the fast charging negative electrode port, which can effectively shorten the diffusion path of lithium ions and improve rate performance.

[0109] In this embodiment, the third contactor 114, battery 20, boost contactor 121, first contactor 131, and capacitor 132 form a fast-charging circuit. This circuit connects the boost positive port 122 and the first discharge port 112 to the boost converter 200, and the fast-charging positive port and fast-charging negative port to the input power supply. When the third contactor 114, boost contactor 121, and first contactor 131 are all closed, the boost converter boosts the second voltage input from the input power supply 300 to obtain a first voltage, which then charges the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11. For a clearer understanding of this fast-charging circuit, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fast charging circuit disclosed in an embodiment of this application. The diagram includes a boost converter 200, an input power supply 300, a third contactor 114, a battery 20, a boost contactor 121, a first contactor 131, and a capacitor 132. The arrows represent the current direction. With the boost positive port 122 and the first discharge port 112 connected to the boost converter, and the fast charging positive port and the fast charging negative port connected to the input power supply, and with the third contactor 114, the boost contactor 121, and the first contactor 131 all in a closed state, the third contactor 114, the battery 20, the boost contactor 121, the first contactor 131, and the capacitor 132 form a fast charging circuit. The boost converter 200 boosts the second voltage input from the input power supply 300 to obtain a first voltage. The fast charging circuit receives the first voltage after it has been boosted and charges the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 using the first voltage.

[0110] To safely and reliably control the connection and disconnection of the fast charging current, ensuring the safety and stability of the fast charging process, in some embodiments, the voltage regulator circuit 13 also includes a fast charging negative contactor 135. The fast charging circuit needs to form a complete current loop through both positive and negative paths. The fast charging negative contactor 135 is connected in series in the negative line, and its contact is opened or closed by electromagnetic drive, achieving physical on / off control of the negative circuit. Therefore, this fast charging negative contactor 135 is the "negative safety switch" of the fast charging circuit. By precisely controlling the negative connection and disconnection, in conjunction with the electronic circuit 11 and the pre-charge circuit, it enables safe start-up, stable operation, and emergency disconnection of the fast charging process. For a clearer understanding of this circuit structure, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of another boost fast charging circuit 10 disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 in the figure also includes a fast charging negative contactor 135. One end of the fast charging negative contactor 135 is connected to the fast charging negative terminal port, and the other end of the fast charging negative contactor 135 is connected to the other end of the first contactor 131, the other end of the second contactor 111, and the second connection port 202 of the battery, respectively.

[0111] The fast-charging negative contactor 135 in the voltage regulator circuit 13 is an automatic electromagnetic switching device that can frequently connect and disconnect AC / DC main circuits or high-capacity control circuits.

[0112] Optionally, the fast-charging negative contactor 135 can be an electromagnetic contactor, a pneumatic contactor, or a hydraulic contactor, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and it can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0113] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the fast-charging negative contactor 135 is greater than the second threshold. It can be understood that the rated voltage of the fast-charging negative contactor 135 refers to the voltage value that the contactor can withstand long-term under normal operating conditions. A rated voltage greater than the second threshold allows for stronger insulation, enabling it to withstand higher voltage surges and making it more suitable for operation in high-voltage boost fast-charging circuits. Furthermore, in practical applications, if the rated voltage of the contactor is much higher than the actual operating voltage, the voltage stress on its internal insulating materials and electronic components will be less, resulting in slower aging and extending the contactor's service life. Therefore, when selecting the fast-charging negative contactor 135, its rated voltage must be greater than the second threshold.

[0114] Optionally, the second threshold can be 400V, 600V or 800V, etc., and a suitable contactor can be selected according to the actual situation to ensure the safety and reliability of the boost fast charging circuit 10.

[0115] In this embodiment, the third contactor 114 and battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11, the boost contactor 121 in the boost sub-circuit 12, and the first contactor 131, capacitor 132, and fast-charging negative contactor 135 in the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 form a fast-charging circuit. When the boost positive port 122 and the first discharge port 112 are connected to the booster, and the fast-charging positive port and the fast-charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and when the third contactor 114, the boost contactor 121, the first contactor 131, and the fast-charging negative contactor 135 are all in the closed state, the booster 200 boosts the second voltage input from the input power supply 300 to obtain the first voltage. The fast-charging circuit receives the first voltage after it has been processed by the booster and charges the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 using the first voltage.

[0116] In some embodiments, the boost fast charging circuit 10 also includes a normal charging function. When boost fast charging is not required, the boost converter needs to be disconnected from the circuit so that the battery 20 is charged with the same voltage as the input power supply. To achieve the normal charging function of the boost fast charging circuit 10, the boost fast charging circuit 10 also includes a fourth contactor 30. For a clearer understanding of the circuit structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application, please refer to further... Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this circuit structure, one end of the fourth contactor 30 is connected to the other end of the third contactor 114 and the first connection port 201 of the battery, and the other end of the fourth contactor 30 is connected to the other end of the boost contactor 121 and the fast charging positive port.

[0117] The fourth contactor 30 is an automatic electromagnetic switching device that can frequently connect and disconnect AC / DC main circuits or high-capacity control circuits.

[0118] Optionally, the fourth contactor 30 can be an electromagnetic contactor, a pneumatic contactor, or a hydraulic contactor, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and it can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0119] In some embodiments, the rated voltage of the fourth contactor 30 is greater than the second threshold. It can be understood that the rated voltages of the first contactor 131 and the second contactor 111 refer to the voltage values ​​that the contactors can withstand long-term under normal operating conditions. A rated voltage greater than the second threshold allows for stronger insulation, enabling it to withstand higher voltage surges and making it more suitable for operation in high-voltage boost fast-charging circuits. Furthermore, in practical applications, if the rated voltage of the contactor is much higher than the actual operating voltage, the voltage stress on its internal insulating materials and electronic components will be less, resulting in slower aging and extended contactor lifespan. Therefore, when selecting the fourth contactor 30, its rated voltage must be greater than the second threshold.

[0120] Optionally, the second threshold can be 400V, 600V or 800V, etc., and a suitable contactor can be selected according to the actual situation to ensure the safety and reliability of the boost fast charging circuit 10.

[0121] In some embodiments, the fourth contactor 30, the battery 20, the second contactor 111, and the capacitor 132 form a normal charging circuit. When the fast charging positive port and the fast charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and both the fourth contactor 30 and the second contactor 111 are in the closed state, the normal charging circuit charges the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 with the voltage input by the input power supply.

[0122] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 4The fourth contactor 30, battery 20, fast charging negative contactor 135, second contactor 111, and capacitor 132 form a normal charging circuit. When the fast charging positive port and fast charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and the fourth contactor 30, fast charging negative contactor 135, and second contactor 111 are all in the closed state, the normal charging circuit charges the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 with the voltage input by the input power supply.

[0123] For example, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This application discloses a schematic diagram of a normal charging circuit, which includes an input power supply 300, a fourth contactor 30, a battery 20, a first connection port 201 of the battery, a second connection port 202 of the battery, a fast charging negative contactor 135, a second contactor 111, and a capacitor 132. The arrows represent the direction of current. When the fast charging positive port and the fast charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and the fourth contactor 30, the fast charging negative contactor 135, and the second contactor 111 are all in the closed state, the fourth contactor 30, the battery 20, the fast charging negative contactor 135, the second contactor 111, and the capacitor 132 form a normal charging circuit. This normal charging circuit charges the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 through the voltage input by the input power supply.

[0124] In some embodiments, battery 20 includes a battery cell and a fuse; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of another boost fast charging circuit 10 disclosed in this application. In the diagram, the positive terminal of the battery cell 21 is connected to the third contactor 114 through the first connection port 201 of the battery, and the negative terminal of the battery cell is connected to the other end of the second contactor 111, the other end of the first contactor 131, and the other end of the fast charging negative contactor 135 through the second connection port of the battery. The two ends of the fuse 22 are connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery cell, respectively.

[0125] Battery cells are used to store or release electrical energy;

[0126] The battery cell of battery 20 is the core component of battery 20, and is the smallest functional module that realizes the conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy. In any type of battery 20, battery 20 is composed of one or more battery cells connected in series or parallel.

[0127] In some embodiments, the battery cell may consist of three important parts: electrodes, electrolyte, and separator, which are then encapsulated in a shell to form a sealed unit.

[0128] Optionally, the battery cell can be a 20-cell ternary lithium battery, a 20-cell lithium iron phosphate battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, or a lead-acid battery, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and the choice can be made according to the actual situation.

[0129] A fuse is used to ensure that the current flowing through the battery cell is less than a first threshold.

[0130] In some embodiments, the fuse may include a fusible element, a housing, electrodes, and a filling material, etc., without specific limitations. When the fuse is operating normally, it is connected in series in the boost fast charging circuit 10. The current flowing through the battery cell passes through its internal fusible element, and the heat generated is dissipated by the surrounding environment, stabilizing the fusible element temperature within a safe range. The current flowing through the battery cell is less than a first threshold, and the boost fast charging circuit 10 conducts normally. When the boost fast charging circuit 10 is overloaded or disconnected from the circuit, i.e., when the current flowing through the battery cell exceeds the first threshold, the heat generated by the fusible element increases sharply, and the temperature rapidly rises to the melting point of the fusible element. The fusible element melts and breaks, and the boost fast charging circuit 10 is disconnected, thereby preventing excessive current from damaging the battery cell or other electronic components in the boost fast charging circuit 10.

[0131] Optionally, the fuse can be a plug-in fuse, a bolt-on fuse, or a surface mount fuse, etc. There are no specific restrictions here, and the choice can be made according to the actual situation.

[0132] Based on the aforementioned boost fast charging circuit 10, this application also discloses a battery management device. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 10 , Figure 10 This application discloses a schematic structural diagram of a battery management device 60, which includes a controller 61 and any of the aforementioned boost fast charging circuits 10.

[0133] The controller 61 is used to control the on / off states of the first contactor 131, the second contactor 111, the third contactor 114, the fourth contactor 30, the boost contactor 121, and the fast-charging negative contactor 135; and is also used to control the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 to charge the load capacitor with a first current when the upper electronic circuit 11 is connected to the load capacitor; and is also used to control the target device, the boost sub-circuit 12, and the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 of the upper electronic circuit 11 to form a fast-charging circuit; and is also used to control the fast-charging circuit to receive the boost input from the boost converter when the fast-charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply. The first voltage after voltage processing is used to charge the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11. The first voltage is obtained by the controller controlling the boost converter to boost the second voltage input by the input power supply. The target device is the device in the upper electronic circuit 11 except for the second contactor 111. It is also used to control the pre-charge resistor 14, the first contactor 131 and the target device in the upper electronic circuit 11 to form a pre-charge circuit. It is also used to control the pre-charge circuit to charge the load capacitor with a second current through the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 when the pre-charge circuit is connected to the load capacitor. The first current is greater than the second current.

[0134] In some embodiments, the controller 61 may include a core processing unit, an input interface, an output interface, a power module, a communication interface, and a storage module, etc., without specific limitations, and can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0135] Optionally, the controller 61 may include a power management chip, a battery protection controller, a network power controller, and a programmable power controller, etc. There are no specific limitations here, and the appropriate one can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0136] For example, please refer to further reading Figure 5The controller 61 can, through a preset program in the storage module, receive an instruction from the input interface to start the boost fast charging circuit 10 for fast charging. Based on the processing status of the core processing unit, it controls the first contactor 131 and the third contactor 114 in the upper electronic circuit 11 to be in a conducting state. This allows the pre-charging resistor 14, the first contactor 131, and the target device in the upper electronic circuit 11 to form a pre-charging circuit. When the pre-charging circuit is connected to the load capacitor, the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 charges the load capacitor with a second current. During the charging process, the controller 61 monitors the voltage across the load capacitor in real time. When the voltage across the load capacitor is detected to be close to that of the battery 20, the controller controls the first contactor 131 to be in a disconnected state, and the pre-charging resistor 14 is not connected to the circuit. This causes the third contactor 114 and the second contactor 111 in the upper electronic circuit 11 to be in a conducting state, allowing the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 to charge the load capacitor with a first current. At this point, the power-on is complete, and the battery 20 in the boost fast charging circuit can be charged by an external input power source. When the controller 61 detects a command that allows fast charging, it can control the third contactor 114 of the upper electronic circuit 11, the boost contactor 121 of the boost sub-circuit 12, and the first contactor 131 and fast charging negative contactor 135 of the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 to be in a conducting state, so that the target device of the upper electronic circuit 11, the boost sub-circuit 12, and the voltage regulator sub-circuit 13 form a fast charging circuit. When the fast charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply, the boost converter 200 boosts the second voltage input by the input power supply 300 to obtain a first voltage. The fast charging circuit receives the first voltage after it has been processed by the boost converter and charges the battery 20 in the upper electronic circuit 11 with the first voltage.

[0137] Based on the controller 61 described above, this application also discloses a computer-readable storage medium that can implement any control method that can be implemented with respect to the controller 61 described above.

[0138] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, ROM, etc.

[0139] Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used herein may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Suitable non-volatile memory may include ROM, Programmable ROM (PROM), Erasable PROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM may take many forms, such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced Synchronous DRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus DRAM (RDRAM), and Direct Rambus DRAM (DRDRAM).

[0140] Based on the aforementioned boost fast charging circuit 10 and battery management device 60, this application also discloses a vehicle. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle disclosed in an embodiment of this application. The vehicle 70 includes any of the above-mentioned boost fast charging circuits 10.

[0141] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also recognize that the embodiments described in the specification are optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0142] In the various embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the sequence number of each process does not necessarily imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0143] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they can be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0144] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0145] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships. For example, object A and / or object B can represent three situations: object A exists alone, object A and object B exist simultaneously, and object B exists alone.

[0146] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0147] The methods disclosed in the several method embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method embodiments.

[0148] The features disclosed in the several product embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new product embodiments.

[0149] The features disclosed in the several method or device embodiments provided in this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict to obtain new method or device embodiments.

[0150] The above provides a detailed description of the boost fast charging circuit disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A boost fast charging circuit, characterized in that, The circuit includes an upper electronic circuit, a boost sub-circuit, a voltage regulator sub-circuit, and a pre-charge resistor. The voltage regulator sub-circuit includes a first contactor, and the upper electronic circuit includes a second contactor. The pre-charge resistor is connected to both the first and second contactors. The upper electronic circuit is used to charge the load capacitor with a first current through a battery in the upper electronic circuit when connected to the load capacitor. The target device in the upper electronic circuit, the boost sub-circuit, and the voltage regulator sub-circuit form a fast charging circuit. When the fast charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply, the fast charging circuit receives the first voltage after boost processing from the boost converter and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit using the first voltage. The first voltage is obtained by boosting the second voltage input from the input power supply by the boost converter. The first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The target device is the device in the upper electronic circuit other than the second contactor. The pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, and the target device of the upper electronic circuit form a pre-charge circuit. When the pre-charge circuit is connected to the load capacitor, the pre-charge circuit charges the load capacitor with a second current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit, and the first current is greater than the second current.

2. The boost fast charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper electronic circuit includes a first discharge port, a second discharge port, and a third contactor. The third contactor is connected to the first discharge port and the first connection port of the battery, respectively. The second contactor is connected to the second connection port of the battery and the second discharge port, respectively. The pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, the battery, and the third contactor form the pre-charge circuit. When the first discharge port and the second discharge port are connected to the load capacitor, and both the first contactor and the third contactor are in a closed state, the pre-charge circuit charges the load capacitor with the first current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit.

3. The boost fast charging circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper electronic circuit is used to charge the load capacitor with the second current through the battery when both the second contactor and the third contactor are in the closed state.

4. The boost fast charging circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The boost sub-circuit includes a boost contactor and a boost positive terminal port. The voltage regulator sub-circuit includes a capacitor, a fast charging positive terminal port, and a fast charging negative terminal port. The boost contactor is connected to the fast charging positive terminal port and the boost positive terminal port respectively. The fast charging negative terminal port is connected to the first contactor, the second contactor, and the second connection port of the battery respectively. The capacitor is connected to the pre-charge resistor, the first contactor, the fast charging positive terminal port, and the boost contactor respectively. The third contactor, the battery, the boost contactor, the first contactor, and the capacitor form a fast charging circuit. When the boost positive port and the first discharge port are connected to the boost converter, the fast charging positive port and the fast charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and the third contactor, the boost contactor, and the first contactor are all in a closed state, the fast charging circuit receives the boosted first voltage input from the boost converter and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit using the first voltage.

5. The boost fast charging circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage regulator sub-circuit also includes a fast-charging negative contactor, which is connected to the fast-charging negative terminal, the first contactor, the second contactor, and the second connection port of the battery. The third contactor, the battery, the boost contactor, the first contactor, the capacitor, and the fast-charging negative contactor form a fast-charging circuit. When the boost positive port and the first discharge port are connected to the boost converter, and the fast-charging positive port and the fast-charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and when the third contactor, the boost contactor, the first contactor, and the fast-charging negative contactor are all in a closed state, the fast-charging circuit boosts the voltage input from the input power supply through the boost converter, and charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit with the boosted voltage.

6. The boost fast charging circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The boost fast charging circuit also includes a fourth contactor, which is connected to the third contactor, the first connection port of the battery, the boost contactor, and the fast charging positive port, respectively. The fourth contactor, the battery, the second contactor, and the capacitor form a normal charging circuit. When the fast charging positive port and the fast charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and both the fourth contactor and the second contactor are in the closed state, the normal charging circuit charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit using the voltage input from the input power supply, or... The fourth contactor, the battery, the fast-charging negative contactor, the second contactor, and the capacitor form a normal charging circuit. When the fast-charging positive port and the fast-charging negative port are connected to the input power supply, and the fourth contactor, the fast-charging negative contactor, and the second contactor are all in a closed state, the normal charging circuit charges the battery in the upper electronic circuit through the voltage input by the input power supply.

7. The boost fast charging circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery includes a battery cell and a fuse. The positive terminal of the battery cell is connected to the third contactor through a first connection port of the battery. The negative terminal of the battery cell is connected to the second contactor, the first contactor, and the fast-charging negative contactor through a second connection port of the battery. The two ends of the fuse are connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery cell, respectively. The battery cell is used to store or release electrical energy; The fuse is used to ensure that the current flowing through the battery cell is less than a first threshold.

8. The boost fast charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rated voltages of the first contactor, the second contactor, the third contactor, the fourth contactor, the boost contactor, and the fast-charging negative contactor are greater than the second threshold.

9. A battery management device, characterized in that, Includes a controller and a boost fast charging circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8. The controller is configured to control the on / off states of the first contactor, second contactor, third contactor, fourth contactor, boost contactor, and fast-charging negative contactor; and, when the upper electronic circuit is connected to the load capacitor, to control the battery in the upper electronic circuit to charge the load capacitor with a first current; and, to control the target device, boost sub-circuit, and voltage regulator sub-circuit of the upper electronic circuit to form a fast-charging circuit; and, when the fast-charging circuit is connected to the boost converter and the input power supply, to control the fast-charging circuit to receive the boosted first voltage input from the boost converter and, through the first contactor... A voltage is used to charge the battery in the upper electronic circuit. The first voltage is obtained by the controller controlling the boost converter to boost the second voltage input from the input power supply. The target device is the device in the upper electronic circuit other than the second contactor. It is also used to control the pre-charge resistor, the first contactor and the target device in the upper electronic circuit to form a pre-charge circuit. It is also used to control the pre-charge circuit to charge the load capacitor with a second current through the battery in the upper electronic circuit when the pre-charge circuit is connected to the load capacitor. The first current is greater than the second current.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the boost fast charging circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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