Electric motor rotor and electric motor
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522233414.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-22
AI Technical Summary
注塑、胶粘工艺成本较高，在竞争激烈的市场中不利于提升产品竞争力；而采用铆接工艺固定时，磁钢的固定又不够牢固，影响产品可靠性
[0014] Compared to injection molding, adhesive bonding, and riveting processes for fixing magnets, the magnet-fixing solution provided in this application, which uses a spring section and a limiting section, significantly reduces costs and improves reliability. The recessed area design in the lamination avoids stress concentration during spring bending, preventing tearing. Both type I and type II laminations have the same structure in the recessed area, facilitating manufacturing.
Smart Images
Figure CN224862862U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of mating and installing magnets and iron cores, and more particularly to motor rotors and motors. Background Technology
[0002] In a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the motor rotor consists of rotor laminations and magnets fixed within the rotor laminations. The magnets can be fixed using methods such as injection molding, adhesive bonding, and riveting. Injection molding and adhesive bonding are costly and detrimental to product competitiveness in a highly competitive market; while riveting does not provide a secure fixation of the magnets, affecting product reliability. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address or mitigate at least one of the problems mentioned in the background art, this application provides an electric motor rotor and an electric motor.
[0004] The motor rotor provided in this application includes a magnet and rotor laminations. The rotor laminations are provided with magnet slots for accommodating the magnets. The rotor laminations include a plurality of overlapping laminations, including a first type of lamination and a second type of lamination. Along the length direction of the magnet slot, the first type of lamination has a spring portion extending toward the inner side of the magnet slot on the side wall of the magnet slot, and a first recessed area on both sides of the spring portion that is recessed relative to the side wall of the magnet slot. The spring portion presses the magnet in the width direction of the magnet slot to limit the position of the magnet in the width direction. The second type of lamination has a second recessed area in the magnet slot that corresponds to the position of the first recessed area, and there is no structure protruding relative to the side wall between the two second recessed areas. The second recessed area is the same as the first recessed area.
[0005] In at least one embodiment, a predetermined number of second-type laminations are present between two first-type laminations.
[0006] In at least one embodiment, at least a portion of the magnet is confined in the magnet slot in a diagonally abutting manner.
[0007] In at least one embodiment, at least one end of the magnet groove along its length has a recessed portion along its width, such that there is a gap between the magnet and the magnet groove.
[0008] In at least one embodiment, the rotor laminations include a plurality of sets of magnetic slots arranged circumferentially around its axis, each set of magnetic slots including three magnetic slots arranged in a triangular pattern.
[0009] In at least one embodiment, the rotor lamination includes a plurality of first magnet slots arranged circumferentially around its axis. The first magnet slots extend tangentially along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination. Two limiting portions are separately provided in the length direction of the first magnet slots, and the limiting portions are used to limit the magnets along the length direction of the magnet slots.
[0010] In at least one embodiment, the rotor laminations include a plurality of second magnet slots, a plurality of third magnet slots, and a plurality of isolation bridges arranged circumferentially around its axis. The second magnet slots and the third magnet slots are both inclined from the radially inner side to the radially outer side and are separated by the isolation bridges to form symmetrical V-shaped slots. The magnets are confined in the second magnet slots in a diagonally abutting manner.
[0011] In at least one embodiment, the second magnet groove is provided with a limiting portion protruding from a sidewall extending along the length direction, the outer radial corner end of the magnet abutting the limiting portion, and the inner radial corner end of the magnet abutting the arc-shaped groove wall of the second magnet groove.
[0012] In at least one embodiment, at least a portion of the structure of the spring piece is inclined relative to the body of the lamination in which it is located, and when the magnet is inserted into the magnet slot, the magnet causes the inclination of the spring piece to increase.
[0013] The motor provided in this application includes a motor rotor, which includes rotor laminations as described above.
[0014] Compared to injection molding, adhesive bonding, and riveting processes for fixing magnets, the magnet-fixing solution provided in this application, which uses a spring section and a limiting section, significantly reduces costs and improves reliability. The recessed area design in the lamination avoids stress concentration during spring bending, preventing tearing. Both type I and type II laminations have the same structure in the recessed area, facilitating manufacturing.
[0015] Furthermore, compared to directly digging a large groove and placing the spring piece within it, this application extends the spring piece portion from the sidewall, retaining more material in the lamination. Especially in type II laminations without a spring piece portion, the sidewall area corresponding to the spring piece portion is flush with the sidewall where the spring piece portion is located, rather than forming a large groove. This allows for greater material retention in the lamination, resulting in less air in the magnet slot, preventing air from affecting magnetic reluctance and thus avoiding impact on motor performance. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 An isometric view of an electric motor rotor according to an embodiment of this application is shown.
[0017] Figure 2 A front view of an electric motor rotor according to an embodiment of this application is shown.
[0018] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the motor rotor.
[0019] Figure 4 An isometric view of the rotor laminations of an electric motor rotor according to an embodiment of this application is shown.
[0020] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of the rotor laminations.
[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram is shown before the magnet is inserted into the magnet slot according to an embodiment of this application.
[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram is shown after the magnet is inserted into the magnet slot according to an embodiment of this application.
[0023] Figure 8 A partially enlarged view of a type of lamination for an electric motor rotor according to an embodiment of this application is shown.
[0024] Figure 9 A partially enlarged view of the second type of laminations of an electric motor rotor according to an embodiment of this application is shown.
[0025] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit with a recessed portion according to an embodiment of this application is shown.
[0026] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an electric motor rotor with a recessed portion according to an embodiment of this application is shown.
[0027] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a motor rotor without recesses is shown.
[0028] Figure 13 It shows Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the back EMF reduction during the demagnetization simulation test of the motor rotor.
[0029] Figure 14 It shows Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the back EMF reduction during the demagnetization simulation test of the motor rotor.
[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures
[0031] 10. Rotor laminations;
[0032] 110 film processing;
[0033] 111 Spring section; 112 Limiting section;
[0034] 120 Class I film processing;
[0035] 121 First Depression Area;
[0036] 130 Class II film;
[0037] 131 Second depression area; 132 Side wall area;
[0038] 20 Magnets;
[0039] 30. Magnetic steel channel;
[0040] 310 First magnetic steel channel;
[0041] 320 Second magnet slot;
[0042] 321. Arc-shaped groove wall;
[0043] 330 Third magnet slot;
[0044] 340. Isolation Bridge;
[0045] 350 Recess;
[0046] 360-degree sides;
[0047] 370 surface Detailed Implementation
[0048] Exemplary embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are for teaching those skilled in the art how to implement this application only, and are not intended to exhaustively describe all possible methods of this application, nor to limit the scope of this application.
[0049] This application provides embodiments of an electric motor rotor, an electric motor, and a vehicle.
[0050] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The motor rotor may include rotor laminations 10 and magnets 20, and the rotor laminations 10 are provided with magnet slots 30 for accommodating the magnets 20. The rotor laminations 10 may include a plurality of overlapping laminations 110.
[0051] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The lamination 110 includes a first lamination 120 and a second lamination 130. The first lamination 120 has a spring portion 111 extending toward the inside of the magnet groove 30 on the extended edge 360 (side wall) along the length direction of the magnet groove 30, such that when the magnet 20 is inserted into the magnet groove 30, the magnet 20 and the spring portion 111 are pressed together in the width direction of the magnet groove 30, thereby restricting the position of the magnet 20 in the width direction.
[0052] The magnet groove 30 of the second type of lamination 130 is provided with a second recessed area 131 corresponding to the position of the first recessed area 121, for example, there are two second recessed areas 131. And there is no structure protruding relative to the sidewall between the two second recessed areas 131 (for example, a sidewall area 132 formed flush with the sidewall of the magnet groove 30), the second recessed area 131 is the same as the first recessed area 121.
[0053] On the one hand, this recessed design can avoid stress concentration when the spring is bent, preventing the spring from tearing. On the other hand, the structure of the recessed area is the same for both the lamination 110 with and without the spring portion 111, which facilitates manufacturing. Furthermore, compared to directly digging a large groove and placing the spring in a large groove, this application extends the spring portion 111 from the sidewall, retaining more material in the lamination 110. Especially on the lamination 110 without the spring portion 111, the sidewall area 132 corresponding to the position of the spring portion 111 is flush with the sidewall where the spring portion 111 is located, instead of forming a large groove, which allows for more material retention in the lamination 110. This results in less air in the magnet slot 30, preventing air from affecting magnetic reluctance and thus avoiding affecting the performance of the motor.
[0054] For example, for Figure 3 The first magnet slot 310 has a length direction in direction A (e.g., tangent to the circumferential direction of the motor rotor) and a width direction in direction B (e.g., radial direction of the motor rotor); while the second magnet slot 320 has a length direction in direction C and a width direction in direction D. Here, the width direction of each magnet slot 30 can be perpendicular to the length direction. It can be understood that both the length and width directions are perpendicular to the axial direction of the motor rotor.
[0055] More specifically, Figure 6 The diagram shows the state before the magnet 20 is pressed in, with the spring piece 111 in a normal, undeformed state. Figure 7 The diagram shows the state of the process of pressing in the magnet 20. The magnet 20 bends the spring piece 111, and the deformation of the spring piece 111 fixes the magnet 20. There may be a gap between the surface 370 (side wall) of the magnet groove 30 where the spring piece 111 is located and the magnet 20 to prevent the spring piece 111 from being sheared by the magnet 20 when it is inserted.
[0056] Understandable. Figure 6 , Figure 7 The illustration only schematically shows the magnet 20 being installed in the magnet slot; therefore, the number of spring pieces 111 in the magnet slot is less than, for example... Figure 5 The number of spring sections in the example. Before the magnet 20 is installed, the spring section 111 may be coplanar or substantially coplanar with the lamination 110 to which it is located.
[0057] Optionally, at least a portion of the structure of the spring piece 111 (e.g., the outward-facing end away from the root) may be inclined relative to the body of the lamination 110 in which it is located (e.g., the degree of inclination may be between...). Figure 6 and Figure 7 (As shown in the diagram), this facilitates guidance when inserting the magnet 20 into the magnet slot 30, and prevents scratching the magnet 20. After the laminations 110 are stacked, at least a portion of the spring section 111 can be tilted simultaneously using tooling. When the magnet 20 is inserted into the magnet slot 30, the magnet 20 increases the tilting degree of the spring section 111.
[0058] See Figure 3 In each magnet slot 30, the spring piece 111 can be located on the side wall (i.e., surface 370) of the magnet slot 30 on the radially inner side of the motor rotor. This can reduce the impact and pressure on the spring piece 111 caused by centrifugal force during the operation of the motor rotor, reduce the possibility of fatigue failure of the spring piece 111, and improve the reliability and durability of the product.
[0059] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 In the rotor lamination 10, at least some (possibly all) of the laminations 110 have a limiting portion 112 extending toward the inside of the magnet slot 30 on the side 360 (sidewall) of the magnet slot 30 along the length direction of the magnet slot 30. This allows the magnet 20 to abut against the limiting portion 112 in the length direction when it is inserted into the magnet slot 30, thereby restricting the position of the magnet 20 in the length direction. It should be understood that the spring portion 111 can also restrict the movement of the magnet 20 in the length direction to a certain extent through friction.
[0060] Compared with injection molding, adhesive bonding, and riveting processes for fixing magnets, the solution provided in this application, which uses a spring-loaded section and a limiting section to fix magnets, can significantly reduce costs and improve reliability. The spring-loaded section and the limiting section in the stamping are simple in structure and can be manufactured by stamping, which is conducive to mass production.
[0061] In one implementation, see Figure 8 , Figure 9 The lamination 110 includes a first-type lamination 120 and a second-type lamination 130. The first-type lamination 120 has a spring-loaded portion 111, while the second-type lamination 130 does not have a spring-loaded portion 111. See also Figure 5 Between two type I laminations 120, there is a predetermined number of type II laminations 130. Of course, this application does not limit the specific number of these predetermined laminations, as long as the multiple spring sections 111 can restrict the position of the magnet 20.
[0062] The manufacturing process of type I blank 120 and type II blank 130 may include: first, stamping to obtain type I blank 120, and then stamping a portion of type I blank 120 to remove the spring portion 111, resulting in type II blank 130. The structures of type I blank 120 and type II blank 130 are largely the same (difference only at the spring portion 111), allowing for the use of a single progressive die for stamping, resulting in higher processing efficiency. The processed blanks can also be cross-mixed in proportion, facilitating automated stacking operations, ultimately achieving low cost and high efficiency.
[0063] See, for example Figure 8 Optionally, multiple spring pieces 111, for example, two to four spring pieces 111, can be formed on the radially inner sidewall (surface 370) of each magnet slot of the same type of lamination 120, spaced apart along the length of the magnet slot. In this way, a magnet 20 can be stably and reliably fixed by multiple spring pieces 111, which improves the uniformity of force distribution, avoids stress concentration, and improves reliability and durability.
[0064] In one implementation, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 The rotor lamination 10 includes several sets of magnet slots 30 arranged around its axis. Each set of magnet slots 30 includes three magnet slots 30 arranged in a triangular pattern (first magnet slot 310, second magnet slot 320 and third magnet slot 330, which will be described later).
[0065] In one implementation, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 The rotor lamination 10 includes a plurality of first magnet slots 310 arranged circumferentially around its axis. The first magnet slots 310 extend tangentially along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination 10. The first magnet slots 310 are provided with two limiting parts 112 in their length direction. The limiting parts 112 are used to limit the magnet 20 along the length direction of the magnet slots 30.
[0066] In one implementation, see Figure 2 , Figure 3 The rotor lamination 10 includes a plurality of second magnet slots 320 and a plurality of third magnet slots 330 arranged circumferentially around its axis. The second magnet slots 320 and the third magnet slots 330 are inclined from the radial inner side to the radial outer side and are separated by the isolation bridge 340 to form symmetrical V-shaped slots.
[0067] In one embodiment, at least a portion of the magnet 20 is confined in the magnet slot 30 in a diagonally abutting manner. See, for example, [link to example description]. Figure 3 The magnet 20 at least abuts against the diagonal of the second magnet groove 320 to be confined within the second magnet groove 320.
[0068] More specifically, the second magnet groove 320 is provided with a limiting part 112 protruding from the side wall extending along the length direction. One side (radially outer corner end) of the magnet 20 abuts against the limiting part 112, and the other side (radially inner corner end) of the magnet 20 abuts against the arc-shaped groove wall 321 (the side wall on one side of the magnet groove along the length direction) of the second magnet groove 320. The third magnet groove 330 is similarly provided, and will not be described in detail in this application.
[0069] The three types of magnetic steel slots 30 also form a VI-type slot, which can reduce the air gap harmonic content and increase the magnetic reluctance torque, thereby effectively improving the motor power density.
[0070] In one implementation, see Figure 3 At least one end of the magnet groove 30 (e.g., the second magnet groove 320 and the third magnet groove 330) in the longitudinal direction has a recess 350 that is recessed in the width direction, such that there is a gap between the magnet 20 and the sidewall of the magnet groove 30. Here, the recess 350 may be located radially outward of the magnet 20. For ease of understanding, see [reference needed]. Figure 10 The recess 350 can change the direction of the magnetic circuit, for example, causing the magnetic circuit (indicated by the arrow) to converge toward the center of the magnet 20, which helps to improve the demagnetization of the magnet.
[0071] This application verifies the demagnetization of magnets by establishing a simulation model. Figure 11 , Figure 12 Simulation models with and without recess 350 are shown respectively. This application calculates the reduction of back EMF under conditions exceeding the peak current, wherein the peak current conditions are: the motor rotor speed is 5000 rpm, the internal operating temperature of the motor is 150℃, and the load current is 670A.
[0072] The results are as follows: Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the model with the recess 350 exhibits a smaller reduction in back EMF, only -0.15%. The model without the recess 350 shows a larger reduction in back EMF, reaching -0.65%. This indicates that the design of the recess 350 effectively improves the demagnetization problem of the motor rotor's magnets, thereby enhancing the reliability of the motor rotor.
[0073] Understandable. Figure 13 and Figure 14 In the diagram, the initial voltage and the demagnetizing voltage shown by the dashed line are quite similar and not easily distinguishable.
[0074] In one embodiment, the recess 350 is located on the side wall of the magnet slot 30 on the side away from the axis of the rotor lamination 10. Of course, this application does not limit its specific location.
[0075] The motor provided in this application embodiment may include a motor rotor, and the motor rotor includes the aforementioned rotor laminations.
[0076] The vehicle provided in this application can be an electric vehicle, which may include the aforementioned motor rotor or motor.
[0077] The above are preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A motor rotor, comprising magnets and rotor laminations, wherein the rotor laminations are provided with magnet slots for accommodating the magnets, characterized in that, The rotor laminations include multiple overlapping laminations, comprising a first type and a second type. Along the length of the magnet slot, the first type of lamination has a spring-loaded portion extending inwards from the sidewall of the magnet slot, and first recessed areas on both sides of the spring-loaded portion that are recessed relative to the sidewall of the magnet slot. The spring-loaded portion presses against the magnet in the width direction of the magnet slot to restrict the position of the magnet in that width direction. The magnetic groove of the second type of lamination is provided with a second recessed area corresponding to the position of the first recessed area, and there is no structure protruding relative to the sidewall between the two second recessed areas. The second recessed area is the same as the first recessed area.
2. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a predetermined number of type II laminations between two type I laminations.
3. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of the magnets are confined in the magnet slot in a diagonally abutting manner.
4. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one end of the magnet groove along its length has a recessed portion along its width, creating a gap between the magnet and the magnet groove.
5. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor laminations include several sets of magnetic slots arranged circumferentially around its axis, and each set of magnetic slots includes three magnetic slots arranged in a triangular pattern.
6. The motor rotor according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The rotor lamination includes a plurality of first magnet slots arranged circumferentially around its axis. The first magnet slots extend tangentially along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination. Two limiting portions are separately provided in the length direction of the first magnet slots. The limiting portions are used to limit the magnet along the length direction of the magnet slot.
7. The motor rotor according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The rotor laminations include a plurality of second magnet slots, a plurality of third magnet slots, and a plurality of isolation bridges arranged circumferentially around its axis. The second magnet slots and the third magnet slots are inclined from the radially inner side to the radially outer side and are separated by the isolation bridges to form symmetrical V-shaped slots. The magnets are confined in the second magnet slots in a diagonally abutting manner.
8. The motor rotor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second magnet groove is provided with a limiting part that protrudes from the side wall extending along the length direction. The outer radial corner of the magnet abuts against the limiting part, and the inner radial corner of the magnet abuts against the arc-shaped groove wall of the second magnet groove.
9. The motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of the structure of the spring piece is inclined relative to the body of the lamination on which it is located, and when the magnet is inserted into the magnet slot, the magnet causes the inclination of the spring piece to increase.
10. An electric motor, characterized in that, It includes a motor rotor, the motor rotor comprising rotor laminations as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.