A circuit board for a battery management system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit board design, specifically disclose a kind of circuit board of battery management system, the battery pack includes multiple subpacks, each subpack includes multiple modules, and circuit board includes: main control unit, configuration in the high-pressure box corresponding with the battery pack, the main control unit includes power supply isolation CPU kernel, communication isolation module and IO isolation module, the communication isolation module and IO isolation module are connected with the power supply isolation CPU kernel respectively;Multiple slave control units, configuration in corresponding subpack, each slave control unit is electrically connected with the main control unit respectively, and each slave control unit includes at least one expansion interface;Multiple module control units, configuration on corresponding module, and each module control unit is electrically connected with the slave control unit respectively. By the actual application scene demand of aviation ground service equipment, the reliability and stability of circuit board are improved by optimizing the design of conventional circuit board, to meet the actual demand of enterprise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit board design technology, and more specifically to a circuit board for a battery management system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, airport ground support equipment such as tractors, belt conveyors, lifts, and aircraft towing vehicles are gradually being powered by lithium batteries. Therefore, the normal operation of ground support equipment is closely related to the normal operation of the BMS.

[0003] Although both airport ground support equipment and ordinary passenger vehicles use lithium batteries for power, the design requirements and design concepts of their control system circuit boards are completely different due to differences in application scenarios, working conditions, and performance requirements.

[0004] For control system circuit boards in passenger vehicles, since the differences between models are not significant, the functional requirements are basically the same, and the voltage platform is unified, a standardized and mass-produced design can be adopted. However, for airport ground support equipment, there are generally diverse equipment types, large differences in voltage / power requirements, high workload, and high reliability requirements, which causes trouble for technicians. Ordinary battery management system circuit boards cannot meet the actual needs of this scenario. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a circuit board for a battery management system. By optimizing the design of a conventional circuit board according to the actual application scenario requirements of aviation ground support equipment, the reliability and stability of the circuit board are improved, thereby meeting the actual needs of enterprises.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a circuit board for a battery management system, applied to a battery pack in aviation ground support equipment. The battery pack includes multiple sub-packs, each sub-pack including multiple modules. The circuit board for the battery management system includes: a main control unit, configured in a high-voltage box corresponding to the battery pack; the main control unit includes a CPU core with power isolation, a communication isolation module, and an I / O isolation module, the communication isolation module and the I / O isolation module being connected to the CPU core with power isolation; multiple slave control units, configured in corresponding sub-packs, each slave control unit being electrically connected to the main control unit, each slave control unit including at least one expansion interface; and multiple module control units, configured on corresponding modules, each module control unit being electrically connected to the slave control units.

[0007] Preferably, the main control unit further includes: an SDMMC storage unit, a network port conversion chip, a 4G module, and a total voltage / current acquisition module, each connected to the power-isolated CPU core; multiple external interfaces, each connected to the power-isolated CPU core, the network port conversion chip, the communication isolation module, the IO isolation module, and the total voltage / current acquisition module; a power conversion module, connected to an external power source, for providing input power to the main control unit; and an RTC clock battery, connected to the power-isolated CPU core, for providing input power to the RTC clock in the power-isolated CPU core.

[0008] Preferably, the plurality of external interfaces include: a network interface connected to the network port conversion chip; a CAN communication interface and a 485 communication interface connected to the communication isolation module; an I / O interface connected to the I / O isolation module; a USB interface and a display unit interface connected to the CPU core with power isolation, respectively; and a power interface connected to the power conversion module.

[0009] Preferably, the total voltage / current acquisition module includes an MCP39F511A energy meter; the CAN communication interface and the 485 communication interface are automotive-grade communication interfaces with 22 pins; and the IO interface is an automotive-grade communication interface with 24 pins.

[0010] Preferably, the CPU core with power isolation is an ATSAMV71 chip; the CAN communication interface is an interface based on an ATA6561 chip; and the IO interface is an interface based on an MCP23017 chip.

[0011] Preferably, the slave control unit includes: a first CPU, which is communicatively connected to the master control unit via a master interface; a first communication isolation module, which is connected to the first CPU; multiple first battery stack monitoring modules, which are respectively connected to the first communication isolation module, and each first battery stack monitoring module is connected to the module control unit via a corresponding module interface; a first environmental acquisition module, which is connected to the first CPU and is also connected to multiple external environmental monitoring sensors; a first communication control module, which is connected to the first CPU and is connected to a sub-CAN communication interface and a sub-IO interface; a first power module, which is connected to the first CPU and is used to provide input power to the first CPU; and a first expansion interface.

[0012] Preferably, the first communication isolation module is an LTC6820, and the first battery stack monitoring module is an LTC6811 or an LTC6804.

[0013] Preferably, the external environment monitoring sensor includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and an ultraviolet micro-spark sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the slave control unit includes a sub-control unit and a data acquisition unit. The sub-control unit is connected to a third expansion port on the data acquisition unit via a second expansion port. The data acquisition unit is configured on the module, and the sub-control unit is configured within the sub-package where the current module is located. The sub-control unit includes: a second CPU, which is communicatively connected to the master control unit via a second main interface; a second communication isolation module, a second environment acquisition module, and a second communication control module, which are respectively connected to the second CPU; and a second power module, which is connected to the second CPU. The data acquisition unit includes: multiple second battery stack monitoring modules, each of which is connected to the module control unit via a corresponding module interface. The third expansion port includes an expansion input port and an expansion output port. The data acquisition unit is connected to the sub-control unit or the previous data acquisition unit via the expansion output port, and to the next data acquisition unit via the expansion input port.

[0015] Preferably, the first CPU and the second CPU are ATSAMC21 chips.

[0016] The present invention provides at least the following technical effects through the technical solution provided:

[0017] By improving the existing battery management system circuit board, optimizing the core components of the main control circuit board and expanding the slave circuit boards in the battery subpack based on the existing three-level architecture, the system can meet the high voltage, high current and personalized configuration requirements of aviation ground support equipment scenarios, thus satisfying the actual needs of enterprises.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this utility model embodiment will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board structure of the battery management system provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main control unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the slave control unit provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slave control unit provided in the second embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0025] Main control unit 10, CPU core with power isolation 101, communication isolation module 102, IO isolation module 103, SDMMC storage unit 104, network port conversion chip 105, 4G module 106, total voltage / current acquisition module 107, network interface 1081, CAN communication interface and 485 communication interface 1082, IO interface 1083, USB interface 1084, display unit interface 1085, power interface 1086, high voltage connector 1087, power conversion module 109, RTC clock battery 110, multiple slave control units 20, expansion interface 201, first expansion interface 2011, second expansion port 2012, expansion input port 2013, expansion output port 201 4. First CPU 202, First Communication Isolation Module 203, First Battery Stack Monitoring Module 204, First Environmental Acquisition Module 205, First Communication Control Module 206, First Power Supply Module 207, Main Interface 2081, Module Interface 2082, Sub-CAN Communication Interface 2083, Sub-IO Interface 2084, Sub-Control Unit 2001, Second CPU 20011, Second Communication Isolation Module 20012, Second Environmental Acquisition Module 20013, Second Communication Control Module 20014, Second Power Supply Module 20015, Acquisition Unit 2002, Second Battery Stack Monitoring Module 20021, Second Main Interface 20081, Module Interface 20082, Module Control Unit 30 Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the term "multiple" refers to two or more. Therefore, in this embodiment, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two." "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Additionally, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship. Furthermore, it should be understood that in the description of this embodiment of the invention, words such as "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a circuit board for a battery management system, applied to a battery pack in aviation ground support equipment. The battery pack includes multiple sub-packs, each sub-pack including multiple modules. The circuit board for the battery management system includes: a main control unit 10, configured in a high-voltage box corresponding to the battery pack; the main control unit 10 includes a CPU core 101 with power isolation, a communication isolation module 102, and an I / O isolation module 103, the communication isolation module 102 and the I / O isolation module 103 being connected to the CPU core 101 with power isolation; multiple slave control units 20, configured in corresponding sub-packs, each slave control unit 20 being electrically connected to the main control unit 10, each slave control unit 20 including at least one expansion interface 201; and multiple module control units 30, configured on corresponding modules, each module control unit 30 being electrically connected to the slave control units 20.

[0029] In one possible implementation, a three-tier architecture is used as the overall architecture of the battery system for the ground support equipment. In a specific embodiment, the battery system includes at least one battery pack, each battery pack includes multiple sub-packs, each sub-pack includes multiple modules, and each module includes multiple battery cells, thereby constituting the entire battery system of the ground support equipment.

[0030] The battery pack includes a main control unit 10. Since aviation ground support equipment is engineering equipment, it is diverse in type and has varying voltage and power requirements during use, including some with high power output. Such equipment is subject to significant electromagnetic interference, and using conventional control circuit boards could result in core components malfunctioning or even being damaged due to electromagnetic interference. Therefore, in this embodiment, the main control unit 10 includes a power-isolated CPU core 101, a communication isolation module 102, and an I / O isolation module 103. For example, the CPU core uses an optocoupler-isolated CPU core chip, fundamentally protecting the CPU core while also protecting the communication process and I / O, ensuring uninterrupted communication and data acquisition, and improving control reliability.

[0031] In this embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the CPU core 101 with power isolation is an ATSAMV71 chip.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, by employing a CPU core chip with power isolation, the working stability of the CPU section can be effectively ensured, and the safety of use in engineering application scenarios can be improved.

[0033] Furthermore, each sub-package is equipped with a slave control unit 20, and each slave control unit 20 is electrically connected to the master control unit 10, for example, through a CAN interface communication connection. To improve the compatibility of the battery system and meet the configuration requirements of aviation ground support equipment at different airports, each slave control unit 20 is equipped with at least one expansion interface 201 to facilitate personalized configuration according to actual conditions. Each slave control unit 20 connects to multiple module control units 30 configured on multiple modules. Preferably, the expansion interface 201 includes an LTC6820 chip, facilitating connection with the acquisition unit 30 (LTC6811), greatly improving system compatibility and meeting practical engineering needs.

[0034] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment of the present invention, the main control unit 10 further includes: an SDMMC storage unit 104, a network port conversion chip 105, a 4G module 106, and a total voltage / current acquisition module 107, which are respectively connected to the CPU core 101 with power isolation; multiple external interfaces, which are respectively connected to the CPU core 101 with power isolation, the network port conversion chip 105, the communication isolation module 102, the IO isolation module 103, and the total voltage / current acquisition module 107; a power conversion module 109, which is connected to an external power supply and is used to provide input power to the main control unit 10; and an RTC clock battery 110, which is connected to the CPU core 101 with power isolation and is used to provide input power to the RTC clock in the CPU core 101 with power isolation.

[0035] In this embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of external interfaces include: a network interface 1081, connected to the network port conversion chip 105; a CAN communication interface and a 485 communication interface 1082, connected to the communication isolation module 102; an I / O interface 1083, connected to the I / O isolation module 103; a USB interface 1084 and a high-definition display interface 1085, respectively connected to the CPU core 10 with power isolation; and a power interface 1086, connected to the power conversion module 109.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the main control unit 10 further includes an SDMMC storage unit 104, such as an 8G-16G SDMMC memory, for storing at least two years of system operating data. The main control unit 10 is also equipped with a network interface converter chip 105 to connect to external communication devices or a host computer via a network interface 1081 for physical communication. Technicians can configure battery management system parameters, such as the number of sub-packets and the total system voltage, via the host computer. The main control unit 10 also communicates with a 4G base station via a configured 4G module 106 to provide remote communication capabilities. Technicians can directly operate and configure the system via a computer on a webpage or using a matching configuration toolbox.

[0037] Meanwhile, the main control unit 10 also needs to have voltage and current acquisition capabilities. However, conventional acquisition chips cannot be applied to engineering equipment. Given the high-voltage and high-current characteristics of engineering equipment, the total voltage / current acquisition module 107 is a chip with high-voltage and high-current acquisition capabilities. In this embodiment of the invention, preferably, the total voltage / current acquisition module 107 includes an MCP39F511A energy meter. The total voltage / current acquisition module 107 is connected to the outside via a commercially available high-voltage connector 1087, for example, to handle the connection of the system's total voltage, total negative, PE lines, and total current acquisition signal lines, thereby providing the battery system with high-voltage and high-current acquisition capabilities and ensuring the normal operation of the system.

[0038] The main control unit 10 is also connected to an external power supply via a power conversion module 109. For example, the power conversion module 109 is a commercially available power module with power conversion and protection functions. Furthermore, to ensure the reliability of the CPU, an additional RTC clock battery 110 is provided for the RTC clock in the power-isolated CPU core 101 to provide a separate input power supply. In addition, the external interfaces include a USB interface 1084 and a display unit interface 1085, used for connecting to external USB devices and external display devices (such as HMI displays), respectively.

[0039] In this embodiment of the present invention, the CAN communication interface and the 485 communication interface 1082 are automotive-grade communication interfaces with 22 pins, such as the 30050-22AW-6 and PUDP-22V-S models from Fanjia Technology; the IO interface 1083 is an automotive-grade communication interface with 24 pins, such as the GT25-24DS-HU / R and 1123364-1 models, used to expand the IO interface of the system for the connection of devices such as alarm indicator lights, emergency switches, and manual switches for fire extinguishing control.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the CAN communication interface is, for example, an interface based on the ATA6561 chip; the IO interface is, for example, an interface based on the MCP23017 chip.

[0041] In this embodiment of the invention, by configuring a CPU with optical isolation and performing communication isolation and I / O isolation in the main control unit 10, it is possible to effectively adapt to the complex electromagnetic application environment of engineering equipment and meet the actual needs of special scenarios.

[0042] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment of the present invention, the slave control unit 20 includes: a first CPU 202, which is communicatively connected to the master control unit 10 via a master interface 2081; a first communication isolation module 203, which is connected to the first CPU 202; a plurality of first battery stack monitoring modules 204, which are respectively connected to the first communication isolation module 203, and each first battery stack monitoring module 204 is connected to the module control unit 30 via a corresponding module interface 2082; a first environmental acquisition module 205, which is connected to the first CPU 202, and the first environmental acquisition module 205 is also connected to a plurality of external environmental monitoring sensors; a first communication control module 206, which is connected to the first CPU 202, and the first communication control module 206 is connected to a sub-CAN communication interface 2083 and a sub-IO interface 2084; a first power module 207, which is connected to the first CPU 202, and the first power module 207 is used to provide input power to the first CPU 202; and a first expansion interface 2011.

[0043] In one possible implementation, a commonly used CPU is configured in the slave control unit 20 as a first CPU 202. The first CPU 202 is connected to the master control unit 10 through a main interface, thereby providing independent computing power and data acquisition capabilities for each sub-packet. To ensure the reliability of communication, a first communication isolation module 203 connected to the first CPU 202 is configured for the slave control unit 20. At the same time, in order to meet the requirement of sufficient data monitoring capability for cells in a large number of battery modules, multiple first battery stack monitoring modules 204 are further configured. Each first battery stack monitoring module 204 is connected to the corresponding module control unit 30 through a module interface 2082 to collect the operating data of the corresponding module.

[0044] In this embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the first communication isolation module 203 is an LTC6820, and the first battery stack monitoring module 204 is an LTC6811 or an LTC6804.

[0045] Meanwhile, in order to ensure the operational reliability of each sub-package, a first environmental acquisition module 205 is configured in each sub-package. This first environmental acquisition module 205 is connected to multiple external environmental monitoring sensors to achieve full monitoring of the operating environment.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, the external environment monitoring sensor includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and an ultraviolet micro-spark sensor.

[0047] To ensure reliable control of communication, a first communication control module 206 is configured in the slave control unit 20 to control communication (such as CAN communication and RS485 communication) and IO output, for example, by controlling CAN port communication through an ATA6561 chip. The slave control unit 20 is also connected to an external power supply through a first power module 207 to provide input power to the first CPU 202.

[0048] In this embodiment of the utility model, by configuring the slave control unit 20 as described above, it is possible to achieve powerful cell-level voltage and current data acquisition capabilities while ensuring the operational and communication reliability of the circuit board, thus meeting actual needs.

[0049] However, the above configuration, as a standard circuit board, may not meet the application requirements of multiple scenarios. Therefore, in this embodiment of the utility model, a first expansion interface 2011 is also configured in the slave control unit 20. Through the first expansion interface 2011, the standard circuit board can be expanded to meet the needs of more scenarios.

[0050] However, in practical applications, the aforementioned standard circuit board wastes resources when expanded, resulting in higher product costs. At the same time, extensive expansion in engineering equipment application scenarios also reduces the reliability of the control unit 20's circuit board, posing potential risks to reliability and safety.

[0051] Please see Figure 4 In this embodiment of the present invention, the slave control unit 20 includes a sub-control unit 2001 and a data acquisition unit 2002. The sub-control unit 2001 is connected to a third expansion port on the data acquisition unit 2002 via a second expansion port 2012. The data acquisition unit 2002 is configured on the module, and the sub-control unit 2001 is configured within the sub-package where the current module is located. The sub-control unit 2001 includes: a second CPU 20011, which is communicatively connected to the master control unit 10 via a second main interface 20081; a second communication isolation module 20012, a second environment acquisition module 20013, and a second communication control module 20014, respectively connected to... The second CPU 20011 is connected; the second power module 20015 is connected to the second CPU 20011; the acquisition unit 2002 includes: multiple second battery stack monitoring modules 20021, each second battery stack monitoring module 20021 being connected to the module control unit 30 through a corresponding module interface 20082; the third expansion port includes an expansion input port 2013 and an expansion output port 2014, the acquisition unit 2002 being connected to the sub-control unit 2001 or the previous acquisition unit 2002 through the expansion output port 2013, and connected to the next acquisition unit 2002 through the expansion input port 2014.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the control function and data acquisition function of the slave control unit 20 are configured separately, thereby effectively reducing electromagnetic interference on the control circuit board and improving its operational reliability. Specifically, the slave control unit 20 includes a sub-control unit 2001 and at least one acquisition unit 2002, wherein the sub-control unit 2001 is used to implement the control function, and the acquisition unit 2002 is used to implement the data acquisition function. The sub-control unit 2001 is connected to the third expansion port on the acquisition unit 2002 through the second expansion port 2012, thereby realizing mutual connection and data transmission.

[0053] Specifically, each acquisition unit 2002 can acquire voltage and current data from a corresponding number of modules and transmit the data to the sub-control unit 2001 via an expansion port. The expansion port allows technicians to set the corresponding number of acquisition units 2002 according to the actual system configuration to meet the personalized configuration requirements of different scenarios. At the same time, it achieves physical isolation between the acquisition unit 2002 and the sub-control unit 2001, preventing the strong electromagnetic interference from the acquisition unit 2002 from being transmitted to the sub-control unit 2001 and causing interference and impact. This effectively ensures the safety of the sub-control unit 2001 and improves the reliability of the entire system.

[0054] In this embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the first CPU and the second CPU are ATSAMC21 chips.

[0055] In this embodiment of the utility model, by designing separate circuit boards for the sub-control unit 2001 and the acquisition unit 2002, it is possible to effectively isolate the electromagnetic interference caused by the acquisition unit 2002 to the sub-control unit 2001 and isolate the electromagnetic interference transmission effect; at the same time, it can reduce the product cost in the configuration expansion process and meet the actual needs of enterprises.

[0056] The optional embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present utility model, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present utility model, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0057] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations will not be described separately in this embodiment.

[0058] Furthermore, various different implementation methods of this utility model can be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this utility model, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A circuit board for a battery management system, characterized in that, A battery pack for use in aviation ground support equipment, the battery pack comprising multiple sub-packs, each sub-pack comprising multiple modules, and the circuit board of the battery management system comprising: The main control unit is configured in the high-voltage box corresponding to the battery pack. The main control unit includes a CPU core with power isolation, a communication isolation module and an IO isolation module. The communication isolation module and the IO isolation module are respectively connected to the CPU core with power isolation. Multiple slave control units are configured in corresponding sub-packages. Each slave control unit is electrically connected to the master control unit. Each slave control unit includes at least one expansion interface. Multiple module control units are configured on corresponding modules, and each module control unit is electrically connected to the slave control unit.

2. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control unit also includes: The SDMMC storage unit, network port conversion chip, 4G module, and total voltage / current acquisition module are respectively connected to the CPU core with power isolation; Multiple external interfaces are respectively connected to the CPU core with power isolation, the network port conversion chip, the communication isolation module, the IO isolation module and the total voltage / current acquisition module; The power conversion module is connected to an external power source and is used to provide input power to the main control unit; An RTC clock battery, connected to the power-isolated CPU core, is used to provide input power for the RTC clock in the power-isolated CPU core.

3. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of external interfaces include: The network interface is connected to the network port conversion chip; The CAN communication interface and the 485 communication interface are connected to the communication isolation module. The IO interface is connected to the IO isolation module. The USB interface and the display unit interface are respectively connected to the CPU core with power isolation. A power interface is connected to the power conversion module.

4. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The total voltage / current acquisition module includes an MCP39F511A energy meter; The CAN communication interface and the 485 communication interface are automotive-grade communication interfaces with 22 pins. The I / O interface is an automotive-grade communication interface with 24 pins.

5. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The CPU core with power isolation is an ATSAMV71 chip; The CAN communication interface is based on the ATA6561 chip; The IO interface is based on the MCP23017 chip.

6. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slave control unit includes: The first CPU is connected to the main control unit via a main interface; The first communication isolation module is connected to the first CPU; Multiple first battery stack monitoring modules are respectively connected to the first communication isolation module, and each first battery stack monitoring module is connected to the module control unit through a corresponding module interface; A first environmental acquisition module is connected to the first CPU, and the first environmental acquisition module is also connected to multiple external environmental monitoring sensors. The first communication control module is connected to the first CPU, and the first communication control module is connected to the sub-CAN communication interface and the sub-IO interface. A first power module is connected to the first CPU, and the first power module is used to provide input power to the first CPU. First extension interface.

7. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first communication isolation module is LTC6820, and the first battery stack monitoring module is LTC6811 or LTC6804.

8. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The external environment monitoring sensor includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and an ultraviolet micro-spark sensor.

9. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The slave control unit includes a sub-control unit and a data acquisition unit. The sub-control unit is connected to the third expansion port on the data acquisition unit through a second expansion port. The data acquisition unit is configured on the module, and the sub-control unit is configured within the sub-package where the current module is located. The sub-control unit includes: a second CPU, which is communicatively connected to the main control unit via a second main interface; a second communication isolation module, a second environmental acquisition module, and a second communication control module, which are respectively connected to the second CPU; and a second power supply module, which is connected to the second CPU. The acquisition unit includes: multiple second battery stack monitoring modules, each of which is connected to the module control unit through a corresponding module interface; The third expansion port includes an expansion input port and an expansion output port. The acquisition unit is connected to the sub-control unit or the previous acquisition unit through the expansion output port, and to the next acquisition unit through the expansion input port.

10. The circuit board of the battery management system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first CPU and the second CPU are ATSAMC21 chips.

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