High-efficiency soil loosening device for farmland construction

Abstract

The utility model discloses an efficient soil loosening equipment for farmland construction, including bearing frame, one side of bearing frame is rotatively connected with installation structure, one side of installation structure is installed with first hydraulic telescopic mechanism, one side of first hydraulic telescopic mechanism is rotatively connected on bearing frame, the lower extreme one side of bearing frame is installed with five second hydraulic telescopic mechanisms, one end of second hydraulic telescopic mechanism is connected with plow body, first hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes the first hydraulic cylinder rotatively connected one side of installation structure, the utility model discloses through three -stage linkage hydraulic system, distributed pressure perception, modular structure design has solved the problem that traditional agricultural machine " does not dig deep, does not adjust dynamic, energy -consuming high " has realized into the earth maximization, soil loosening dynamic, reset automatic, has promoted dynamic response, has promoted the ability of anti lodging and water use efficiency significantly, is helpful to keep soil organic matter structure and microbial activity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of high-efficiency soil loosening equipment, and in particular to a high-efficiency soil loosening equipment for farmland construction. Background Technology

[0002] In the context of sustainable development in modern agriculture, soil quality directly determines crop yield and ecological stability. Long-term tillage has led to the formation of a dense plow pan in farmland, typically 30–40 cm deep, formed by a combination of mechanical compaction and natural deposition. This layer is characterized by high bulk density, low porosity, and poor permeability, severely hindering root development, water infiltration, and nutrient migration. It has become a key bottleneck restricting increased grain production and improved soil quality. Traditional tillage equipment, limited by structural rigidity and simplistic control methods, suffers from the following problems: 1. Insufficient tillage depth: Most tillage or deep loosening machinery has a maximum operating depth of only about 20 cm, which cannot effectively break the plow pan below 30 cm. 2. Slow response: Lacking a real-time sensing system, it cannot dynamically adjust the insertion angle and pressure according to soil hardness; 3. High energy consumption and significant damage: Fixed-angle operation can easily lead to excessive deep tilling in soft areas and difficulty in penetrating hard areas, resulting in wasted power and wear and tear on components; 4. Risk of repeated work: The lack of an automatic reset mechanism may cause damage to already treated land when moving or turning.

[0003] To address these issues, we propose a high-efficiency soil loosening device for farmland construction. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a high-efficiency soil loosening device for farmland construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-efficiency soil loosening device for farmland construction includes a support frame, an installation structure rotatably connected to one side of the support frame, a first hydraulic telescopic mechanism installed on one side of the installation structure, one side of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism rotatably connected to the support frame, and five second hydraulic telescopic mechanisms equally spaced on one side of the lower end of the support frame, with one end of each second hydraulic telescopic mechanism connected to a plow body. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder rotatably connected to one side of the mounting structure, and the piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the upper side of the support frame. The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes five rotating arms and five second hydraulic cylinders that are rotatably connected at equal intervals to the lower end of the support frame. The piston rod end of one second hydraulic cylinder on the same side is rotatably connected to one side of the rotating arm. A plow body is installed at the lower end of the rotating arm. A pressure sensor is installed on one side of the lower end of the plow body.

[0006] Preferably, the mounting structure includes a fixing member fixed to one side of the support frame, a support plate rotatably connected to the fixing member, a mounting seat fixed to one side of the support plate, a shock absorption mechanism mounted on one side of the mounting seat, and one end of the first hydraulic cylinder rotatably connected to one side of the support plate.

[0007] Preferably, two connecting plates are fixed on one side of the mounting base, and two mounting holes are provided on one side of the connecting plates.

[0008] Preferably, a reinforcing plate is fixed to one side of the lower end of the mounting base, and a bearing plate is fixed to one side of the reinforcing plate.

[0009] Preferably, a reinforcing plate is installed on the support frame.

[0010] Preferably, the plow body is coated with an anti-scratch coating.

[0011] This utility model has the following advantages: 1. The effective working depth reaches 30–40 cm, completely covering the typical plow pan area. After deep loosening, the soil bulk density decreases by 15%–22%, the total porosity increases by more than 18%, and the vertical extension depth of the root system increases by more than 40%, significantly improving lodging resistance and water use efficiency. 2. Adaptive adjustment avoids one-size-fits-all operations, reduces fuel consumption by about 25%, reduces ineffective turning, and helps maintain soil organic matter structure and microbial activity; 3. Combining distributed pressure sensing with independent hydraulic control improves dynamic responsiveness; In summary, this utility model solves the problems of traditional agricultural machinery such as "insufficient tillage, inability to adjust, and high energy consumption" through a three-level linkage hydraulic system, distributed pressure sensing, and modular structural design. It maximizes soil penetration, dynamically loosens the soil, and automatically resets the soil, improving dynamic responsiveness, significantly enhancing lodging resistance and water use efficiency, and helping to maintain soil organic matter structure and microbial activity. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 A structural diagram showing the anti-scratch coating of this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A.

[0013] In the diagram: 101 mounting hole, 102 connecting plate, 103 mounting base, 104 bearing plate, 201 shock absorption mechanism, 301 reinforcing plate, 302 fastener, 401 first hydraulic cylinder, 402 reinforcing plate, 403 bearing frame, 501 second hydraulic cylinder, 502 rotating arm, 601 plow body, 602 pressure sensor, 603 anti-scratch coating. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0015] Reference Figure 1-3 A high-efficiency soil loosening device for farmland construction includes a support frame 403. An installation structure is rotatably connected to one side of the support frame 403. A first hydraulic telescopic mechanism is installed on one side of the installation structure. One side of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism is rotatably connected to the support frame 403. Five second hydraulic telescopic mechanisms are installed at equal intervals on one side of the lower end of the support frame 403. One end of each second hydraulic telescopic mechanism is connected to a plow body. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder 401 rotatably connected to one side of the mounting structure. The piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder 401 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the support frame 403. The first hydraulic cylinder 401 drives the overall plow frame tilt angle (0°-28° stepless adjustment) to control the initial soil entry angle. In clay loam soil (moisture content 18%-22%), 25°–30° is the optimal soil entry angle range. Among them, 28° can ensure sufficient vertical pressing force while minimizing the initial frictional resistance. The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes five rotating arms 502 rotatably connected at equal intervals to the lower end of the support frame 403 and five second hydraulic cylinders 501. The piston rod end of one second hydraulic cylinder 501 on the same side is rotatably connected to one side of the rotating arm 502. The lower end of the rotating arm 502 is equipped with a plow body 601. The second hydraulic cylinder 501 is controlled by a proportional servo valve and has the characteristics of adjustable flow, closed-loop pressure, and rapid response. The measured response time is <0.5 seconds, which means that when the tractor is traveling at 6 km / h, the equipment can complete the attitude adjustment within a distance of less than 1 meter, realizing continuous adaptation to "deformation with terrain". Each cylinder is independently controlled and supports "differential adjustment". For example, when the middle plow body encounters a tree root, it is lifted separately while the two sides continue to work, avoiding interruption of the whole row. A pressure sensor 602 is installed on one side of the lower end of the plow body 601. A high-precision miniature strain pressure sensor 602 (range 0–50 kPa, resolution ±0.1 kPa) is installed at the bottom of each plow body 601, forming a five-point distributed monitoring array with a sampling frequency ≥10 Hz to meet the requirements of capturing rapidly changing terrain. The mounting structure includes a fixing member 302 fixed to one side of the support frame 403, a support plate 104 rotatably connected to the fixing member 302, a mounting base 103 fixed to one side of the support plate 104, a shock absorption mechanism 201 mounted on one side of the mounting base 103, and one end of the first hydraulic cylinder 401 rotatably connected to one side of the support plate 104. Two connecting plates 102 are fixed on one side of the mounting base 103. Two mounting holes 101 are provided on one side of the connecting plate 102. A reinforcing plate 301 is fixed on one side of the lower end of the mounting base 103. The mounting holes 101 are used for mounting on one side of the tractor body. A bearing plate 104 is fixed to one side of the reinforcing plate 301, a reinforcing plate 402 is installed on the bearing frame 403, and an anti-scratch coating 603 is applied to the plow body 601. The anti-scratch coating 603 is made of tungsten carbide coating with a thickness of 0.3–0.5 mm. In this utility model, 1. Soil Insertion Stage: Maximum Inclination Angle Preset for Efficient Insertion When the equipment moves to the starting point before starting, the control system commands the first hydraulic cylinder 401 to extend, pushing the bearing plate 104 to rotate around the fixed part 302, which drives the entire bearing frame 403 to adjust to a downward tilt at the front end. Finally, the tilt angle of the bearing frame is set to 28°. The optimal soil entry angle can reduce the initial resistance and ensure that the plow body cuts into the deep soil with a larger vertical component force. At this time, the five second hydraulic cylinders 501 are in the neutral position at the same time, and the plow body maintains the same initial angle with the rotating arm, ready to enter the soil synchronously. Compared with the traditional flat-push soil entry, the tilted posture reduces the traction resistance by about 35%, and can penetrate the hard shell layer of more than 25 cm in one go, avoiding the energy waste caused by multiple shallow tillages. 2. Dynamic soil loosening stage: Adaptive control based on pressure feedback (1) Data acquisition: real-time monitoring by pressure sensor Each plow body 601 is equipped with a pressure sensor 602 at the bottom to continuously collect contact force data in the vertical direction. The data sampling frequency is ≥ 10 Hz and the transmission delay is < 50 ms to ensure the capture of instantaneous hardness changes (such as stones, cemented layers, etc.). The sensor signal is uploaded to the central controller (PLC or embedded system) after being filtered. (2) The controller makes a judgment based on the preset algorithm: When encountering a hard plow bottom layer, the single-point pressure increases sharply > the set threshold, and the second hydraulic cylinder is pressurized to increase the cutting angle of the plow body (+5° to +10°). In areas of localized softness, where pressure is significantly lower than the average, reducing the angle of entry (-3° to -5°) lowers energy consumption. The overall pressure is uniform, with minimal pressure fluctuations at various points, maintaining the standard operating angle; Abnormally high load, continuous exceeding of limits or sudden changes will trigger an alarm and cause localized elevation to prevent damage; (3) Execution response: Independent hydraulic control, millisecond-level action. Each second hydraulic cylinder 501 is independently controlled, driving the corresponding rotating arm 502 to swing, thereby changing the soil entry angle of the plow body 601. The response time is less than 0.5 seconds, which is much faster than manual intervention or traditional mechanical inertial response. 3. Reset Phase: Automatic recovery ensures safe transportation. When a row of work is completed and the work needs to be moved to another location or finished, the control system issues a reset command: the first hydraulic cylinder 401 retracts, restoring the support frame 403 to a horizontal or slightly upward posture; all the second hydraulic cylinders 501 retract simultaneously, driving the rotating arm 502 to lift, and the plow body is lifted off the ground; the lifting height can reach 40-50 cm, ensuring that it does not touch the ground when crossing ridges; at the same time, the pressure sensor is zeroed and calibrated to prepare for the next cycle of work.

[0016] This invention is not only applicable to deep tillage of conventional field crops (wheat, corn, soybeans, etc.), but can also be extended to: Saline-alkali land improvement project: Deep loosening promotes drainage and salt leaching; Degraded grassland restoration: breaking up the compacted layer and promoting grass seed rooting; Construction of high-standard farmland: Pre-treatment before laying underground drainage systems; Miniaturized modification for hilly and mountainous terrain: combining tracked chassis to enable operation on slopes.

[0017] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency soil loosening device for farmland construction, comprising a support frame (403), characterized in that, A mounting structure is rotatably connected to one side of the support frame (403), and a first hydraulic telescopic mechanism is mounted on one side of the mounting structure. One side of the first hydraulic telescopic mechanism is rotatably connected to the support frame (403). Five second hydraulic telescopic mechanisms are equally spaced on one side of the lower end of the support frame (403), and one end of the second hydraulic telescopic mechanism is connected to a plow body. The first hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder (401) rotatably connected to one side of the mounting structure, and the piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder (401) is rotatably connected to the upper side of the support frame (403); The second hydraulic telescopic mechanism includes five rotating arms (502) and five second hydraulic cylinders (501) that are rotatably connected at equal intervals to the lower end of the support frame (403). The piston rod end of one second hydraulic cylinder (501) on the same side is rotatably connected to one side of the rotating arm (502). The lower end of the rotating arm (502) is equipped with a plow body (601). A pressure sensor (602) is installed on one side of the lower end of the plow body (601).

2. The high-efficiency soil loosening equipment for farmland construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting structure includes a fixing member (302) fixed to one side of the support frame (403), a support plate (104) rotatably connected to the fixing member (302), a mounting seat (103) fixed to one side of the support plate (104), a shock absorption mechanism (201) mounted on one side of the mounting seat (103), and one end of the first hydraulic cylinder (401) rotatably connected to one side of the support plate (104).

3. The high-efficiency soil loosening equipment for farmland construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two connecting plates (102) are fixed on one side of the mounting base (103), and two mounting holes (101) are provided on one side of the connecting plate (102).

4. The high-efficiency soil loosening equipment for farmland construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reinforcing plate (301) is fixed to one side of the lower end of the mounting base (103), and a bearing plate (104) is fixed to one side of the reinforcing plate (301).

5. The high-efficiency soil loosening equipment for farmland construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing plate (402) is installed on the support frame (403).

6. The high-efficiency soil loosening equipment for farmland construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plow body (601) is coated with an anti-scratch coating (603).

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