tree shaker

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery technical field, concretely is a kind of tree shaker for fruit tree harvesting, more particularly to a kind of equipment that makes fruit drop by mechanical vibration mode to shake fruit tree trunk, a kind of tree shaker, including frame body, the frame body lower part is provided with multiple vertical downward machine feet, the machine foot bottom end is formed into acute angle foot root, and cross brace is connected between adjacent machine feet;Right-angle commutator is fixedly arranged in the frame body interior, the right-angle commutator has horizontally arranged input shaft and vertically arranged output shaft;Disc body is horizontally arranged and is connected with the output shaft of right-angle commutator, is driven its horizontal rotation by the output shaft;Sleeve is vertically and eccentrically installed on the disc body upper portion by bearing, can relative disc body autorotation;Swing fork is fixedly arranged on the axial outer side of sleeve, and forms an inclination angle with disc body upper surface, the through-hole for passing through steel wire rope is set up on the swing fork;Wherein, the machine foot is structured as insertable soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically a tree shaker for fruit tree harvesting, and more particularly to a device that shakes the trunk of a fruit tree by mechanical vibration to cause the fruit to fall off. Background Technology

[0002] In fruit tree harvesting, tree shakers are common mechanized equipment used to remove fruit from branches through periodic or continuous vibration, thereby improving harvesting efficiency and reducing labor costs. Existing tree shakers typically include a frame, power source, transmission mechanism, and traction mechanism. For example, some traditional tree shakers use a fixed frame, placed on the ground by counterweights or simple outriggers, and driven by a motor or engine to rotate an axle connected to the tree trunk via steel cables for shaking.

[0003] However, existing technologies have the following problems and drawbacks in practical applications: 1. Inconvenient direction adjustment and low work efficiency: The traction mechanism of existing equipment is usually fixed to the frame, making it impossible to flexibly adjust the traction direction. When it is necessary to work on fruit trees in different directions, the entire frame must be moved, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. This problem is more prominent in orchards with dense fruit tree distribution or complex terrain, which seriously limits work efficiency and equipment adaptability.

[0004] 2. Optimized traction force direction, easily damaging the bark or causing uneven shaking: Existing tree shakers often use direct horizontal or vertical traction mechanisms without considering the optimized design of the wire rope angle. Improper traction force distribution may result in an excessively large horizontal component, causing bark tearing or localized trunk damage; or an insufficient vertical component, affecting the shaking amplitude and leading to incomplete fruit drop. Furthermore, the lack of bark protection measures further increases the risk of trunk damage.

[0005] The aforementioned shortcomings limit the widespread application and operational effectiveness of tree shakers, necessitating a tree shaker solution that is structurally stable, operationally flexible, and has optimized traction control. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the problems of the existing tree shaking machine's fixed operating direction and the unreasonable traction direction that can easily lead to damage to the tree bark, this utility model provides a tree shaking machine that, through a self-rotating sleeve and an inclined swing fork structure, combined with acute-angle machine feet and cross brace limit design, achieves convenient adjustment of the traction direction, effective protection of the tree bark, and stable operation of the operating frame.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is as follows: a tree shaking machine, including a frame, a plurality of vertically downward feet are provided at the lower part of the frame, the bottom end of the feet is formed into an acute angle foot root, and a cross brace is connected between adjacent feet; a right-angle commutator is fixedly installed inside the frame, the right-angle commutator has a horizontally arranged input shaft and a vertically arranged output shaft; a disc is horizontally arranged and connected to the output shaft of the right-angle commutator, and is driven to rotate horizontally by the output shaft; a sleeve is vertically and eccentrically installed on the upper part of the disc through a bearing, and can rotate relative to the disc; a swing fork is fixedly arranged on the axial outer side of the sleeve and forms an inclination angle with the upper surface of the disc, and the swing fork has a through hole for threading a steel wire rope; wherein, the feet are constructed to be inserted into the soil, and the insertion depth is limited by the cross brace, the input shaft of the right-angle commutator is constructed to connect to an external power source, so as to pull the steel wire rope connected to the trunk of the fruit tree through the movement of the disc and the swing fork.

[0008] In the aforementioned tree-shaking machine, the acute angle of the acute-angled foot is 45-60°.

[0009] In the aforementioned tree shaking machine, the vertical distance between the cross brace and the bottom of the machine feet is 10-15cm.

[0010] In the aforementioned tree shaking machine, the angle between the swing fork and the upper surface of the disc is 15°-25°.

[0011] In the aforementioned tree-shaking machine, both the input and output shafts of the right-angle commutator are splined structures.

[0012] In the aforementioned tree shaking machine, the bottom of the right-angle commutator is fixed to a horizontal base plate by bolts, and the horizontal base plate is welded to the frame to form an L-shaped support structure.

[0013] In the aforementioned tree shaking machine, support pipes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the input shaft. The two ends of the support pipes are welded to the frame, and the middle part is connected to the frame through a connecting pipe.

[0014] In the aforementioned tree shaking machine, a frame plate is welded to the upper part of the support pipe, and the frame plate is fastened to the side wall of the right-angle commutator by bolts.

[0015] In the aforementioned tree shaking machine, the end of the steel wire rope is equipped with a bark protective sleeve.

[0016] In the aforementioned tree shaking machine, the end of the steel wire rope is equipped with a bark protective sleeve.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. Enables convenient direction adjustment and improves work efficiency: By setting up a sleeve and swing fork that can rotate around its own axis, when working on fruit trees in different directions, the traction direction can be adjusted simply by rotating the sleeve, without moving the entire frame. The operation is simple and quick, significantly improving the efficiency of continuous operation.

[0018] 2. Optimized traction direction to effectively protect bark: By setting the tilt angle between the swing fork and the upper surface of the disc to 15°-25°, the traction force of the wire rope is reasonably decomposed into horizontal and vertical components. While ensuring an effective swaying range, it reduces excessive pulling and wear on the bark. Combined with the use of a bark protective sleeve, it further avoids damage to the trunk of the fruit tree.

[0019] 3. Enhanced overall equipment stability: The acute-angled design at the bottom of the machine feet, combined with the limiting function of the cross braces, allows the frame to be stably embedded in the soil, effectively resisting vibrations during operation, preventing the frame from shifting or tipping over, and ensuring operational safety and effectiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and examples.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the input shaft structure for an embodiment.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate and notch structure in an embodiment.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Foot; 3. Foot root; 4. Cross brace; 5. Commutator; 6. Input shaft; 7. Output shaft; 8. Disc; 9. Sleeve; 10. Swing fork; 11. Base plate; 12. Notch; 13. Support pipe; 14. Connecting pipe; 15. Frame plate; 16. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In this embodiment, the tree shaking machine's overall structure is formed by welding together multiple metal pipes to create a stable frame 1, such as... Figure 1-3As shown, the frame 1 is assembled from multiple metal pipes through welding to form a rigid frame structure. Vertical feet 2 are welded at intervals around the lower part of the frame 1. The bottom of the feet 2 is designed with acute-angled foot roots 3, with the acute angle preferably being 45-60° to enhance the penetration force when inserted into the soil. During operation, the acute-angled foot roots 3 are inserted into the soil, and the stability of the frame 1 is improved through the embedding effect of the soil, effectively resisting the displacement of the frame 1 caused by motor vibration and avoiding damage to fruit trees or operators. Adjacent feet 2 are connected by cross braces 4, and the two ends of the cross braces 4 are welded and fixed to the feet 2 to form a square reinforcement structure. The vertical distance between the cross braces 4 and the bottom of the feet 2 is set to 10-15cm. When the feet 2 are inserted into the soil to the position of the cross braces 4, the cross braces 4 contact the soil surface and generate a reaction force, which limits the feet 2 from going deeper, ensuring the height stability of the frame 1 and preventing the movement of parts from interfering with the soil.

[0026] Inside the frame 1, a right-angle commutator 5 is arranged horizontally. The input shaft 6 and output shaft 7 of the commutator 5 are both spline structures. The input shaft 6 extends horizontally, and its free end is connected to an external power source (such as a motor or engine) through a coupling. The output shaft 7 is vertically upward, and its free end is connected to a horizontal disc 8 through a spline key. A vertical sleeve 9 is eccentrically installed on the upper part of the disc 8. The sleeve 9 and the disc 8 are connected to each other horizontally through a deep groove ball bearing, allowing the sleeve 9 to rotate independently when the disc 8 rotates. A swing fork 10 is welded to the outer side of the sleeve 9 at intervals. The swing fork 10 is arranged at an angle of 15°-25° to the upper surface of the disc 8. The angle design can optimize the direction of the wire rope traction force. Multiple through holes are evenly distributed on the surface of the swing fork 10 for threading the wire rope. The other end of the wire rope is connected to the trunk of the fruit tree through a bark protective sleeve.

[0027] When the power source drives the input shaft 6 to rotate, the right-angle commutator 5 converts the horizontal rotation into the vertical rotation of the output shaft 7, causing the disc 8 to make a horizontal circumferential motion. While the sleeve 9 revolves with the disc 8, it can swing around its own axis by being pulled by the steel wire rope, adjusting the spatial angle of the swing fork 10. For example, when it is necessary to work on fruit trees in different directions, it is only necessary to rotate the sleeve 9 to make the swing fork 10 point in the target direction, without moving the frame 1, which significantly improves the work efficiency. The tilted design of the swing fork 10 decomposes the steel wire rope traction force into horizontal and vertical components, which not only ensures the swaying range of the tree trunk, but also avoids excessive pulling that could damage the bark.

[0028] A horizontally arranged base plate 11 is bolted to the bottom of the commutator 5. The end of the base plate 11 has an arc-shaped notch 12, which facilitates the removal of the lower cover of the commutator 5 for oil change during maintenance. To resist the vibration of the commutator 5, support tubes 13 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the input shaft 6. The two ends of the support tubes 13 are welded to the frame 1, and the middle part is connected to the frame 1 through the connecting tube 14 to form a truss structure, which enhances the torsional stiffness. The upper part of the support tubes 13 is welded to the frame plate 15, and the frame plate 15 is fastened to the side wall of the commutator 5 with bolts. The edge of the frame plate 15 extends into a support plate 16. The width of the support plate 16 is 1.2-1.5 times that of the frame plate 15, which effectively disperses the vibration load. This structure can significantly reduce the vibration amplitude of the commutator 5 and ensure long-term operational stability.

[0029] Instructions for use: First, move the tree shaker next to the target fruit tree, ensuring the work area is flat and free of stones or hard obstacles. Observe the density of the fruit trees and prioritize areas where the distance between adjacent fruit trees is greater than 3 meters. Avoid the swing fork 10 or wire rope touching other trees during operation. Then, manually or mechanically press down the frame 1 so that the acute-angled heels 3 of the four sets of machine feet 2 are simultaneously inserted into the soil. The insertion depth should be based on the height of the horizontal support 4 from the ground (usually 10-15cm). At this point, the horizontal support 4 should be in contact with the soil surface. Use a level to calibrate. For frame 1, ensure that the vertical deviation between the axis of disc 8 and the ground is ≤2° to prevent the sleeve 9 from getting stuck due to tilting; then connect the external power source (such as a gasoline engine or motor) to the input shaft 6 of commutator 5 through a coupling, start the power source for no-load test run, check whether the right-angle commutator 5 outputs vertical rotation smoothly, monitor whether the speed of output shaft 7 is within the set range (such as 80-120r / min), if abnormal vibration or noise is found, stop the machine immediately and check whether the connection of support pipe 13, connecting pipe 14 and frame plate 15 is tight.

[0030] Then, select a suitable length of steel wire rope (2-4 meters recommended) according to the trunk diameter of the fruit tree (usually 10-30cm). Attach a bark protection sleeve (rubber or fabric) to the end of the rope to avoid direct contact with the trunk and damage. Pass one end of the steel wire rope through the through hole of the swing fork 10 and secure it with a U-shaped buckle. Wrap the other end around the trunk 2-3 times and secure it as well, ensuring that the traction point is above the middle of the trunk (1.5-2 meters high). Rotate the sleeve 9 to adjust the position of the swing fork 10 so that the traction direction of the steel wire rope is consistent with the natural tilt direction of the fruit tree (for example, for fruit trees on slopes, it should follow the slope direction). For continuous operation on multiple fruit trees, simply rotate the sleeve 9 to align the swing fork 10 with the next target; there is no need to move the frame 1. When the sleeve 9 rotates, it achieves low-resistance self-rotation through the bearing, allowing a single person to complete the angle adjustment.

[0031] Then, start the power source. The disc 8 drives the swing fork 10 to make horizontal circumferential movements. The steel wire rope is gradually tightened. In the initial stage, a low speed (60-80 r / min) and small amplitude (swing radius ≤ 0.5 m) are used for trial traction to observe the stability of the fruit tree root system. If there is no obvious displacement of the trunk, the speed is gradually increased to 100-120 r / min and the amplitude is increased to 1-1.5 m. After 2-3 seconds, the operation is paused and the fruit is allowed to fall naturally. During the operation, the operator should be located in a safe area 3 meters away from the side of the frame 1 to avoid the risk of steel wire rope breakage or fruit tree tipping over. An emergency stop button is set. If the frame 1 shakes violently, the machine foot 2 is pulled out, or the steel wire rope slips, the power source is immediately cut off. After completing the operation of a single fruit tree, the frame 1 is lifted with a lever tool so that the machine foot 2 is completely removed from the soil. The soil adhering to the surface of the cross brace 4 is cleaned and the sharp-angle foot root 3 is checked for wear (the machine foot 2 needs to be replaced if the wear exceeds 5 mm).

Claims

1. A tree-shaking machine, characterized in that: include The frame has multiple vertically downward-facing feet at its lower part, with the bottom of each foot forming an acute-angled foot root, and horizontal supports connecting adjacent feet. A right-angle commutator is fixedly installed inside the frame. The right-angle commutator has a horizontally arranged input shaft and a vertically arranged output shaft. The disk body is horizontally positioned and connected to the output shaft of the right-angle commutator, and is driven to rotate horizontally by the output shaft. The sleeve is vertically and eccentrically mounted on the upper part of the disc body via a bearing, and is capable of rotating relative to the disc body. The swing fork is fixedly installed on the axial outer side of the sleeve and forms an angle with the upper surface of the disc. The swing fork has a through hole for threading a steel wire rope. The machine feet are designed to be inserted into the soil, and the insertion depth is limited by the cross brace. The input shaft of the right-angle commutator is designed to connect to an external power source so as to pull the steel wire rope connected to the trunk of the fruit tree through the movement of the disc and the swing fork.

2. The tree shaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acute angle of the acute-angled foot is 45-60°.

3. The tree shaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the cross brace and the bottom of the machine foot is 10-15cm.

4. The tree shaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the swing fork and the upper surface of the disc is 15°-25°.

5. The tree shaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the input and output shafts of the right-angle commutator are splined structures.

6. The tree shaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the right-angle commutator is fixed to a horizontal base plate by bolts, and the horizontal base plate is welded to the frame to form an L-shaped support structure.

7. The tree shaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support tubes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the input shaft. The two ends of the support tubes are welded to the frame, and the middle part is connected to the frame through a connecting tube.

8. The tree shaking machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A frame plate is welded to the upper part of the support tube, and the frame plate is fastened to the side wall of the right-angle commutator by bolts.

9. The tree shaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the wire rope is fitted with a bark protective sleeve.

10. The tree shaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the wire rope is fitted with a bark protective sleeve.

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