A high-efficiency loading device for a vegetable seedling tray substrate

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of high-efficiency loading device of vegetable seedling tray substrate, including rack, for driving seedling tray to move conveyer belt, hopper, scraping plate;The conveyer belt is installed on rack, hopper is installed on rack and is located above conveyer belt, the lower end of the hopper is provided with long strip shape discharge gate;The scraping plate is located above conveyer belt, and is installed on the support frame of U-shaped shape set on rack.The scraping plate is installed on the moving end of electric push rod installed on support frame, for automatically adjusting the height of the lower end of scraping plate.The lower end of the rear end of conveyer belt is provided with material receiving hopper installed on rack for receiving substrate soil spilled on conveyer belt, the utility model is automatically transported seedling tray by conveyer belt, and realizes whole mechanization and automation from substrate conveying, quantitative filling to scraping by combining by driving motor and gear transmission control's poking roller, by the precise control of loading roller of stepping motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vegetable seedling technology, specifically to a high-efficiency substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays. Background Technology

[0002] Seedling trays are an important tool in agricultural production processes, which have greatly promoted the development of agricultural seedling technology. Large-scale seedling cultivation has been widely used in vegetable and tobacco planting. Before sowing, the seedling trays need to be filled with substrate soil. Currently, this is usually done manually by people wearing gloves, filling the seedling trays with substrate soil, and then using a scraper to level the substrate soil on the seedling trays. This operation is time-consuming, and manually filling each seedling tray with substrate soil is inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a vegetable seedling tray substrate filling device to solve the technical problem that the current method of filling the seedling tray with substrate soil is done manually, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and has low work efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: A high-efficiency substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays includes a frame 1, a conveyor belt 2 for moving seedling trays 3, a hopper 4, and a scraper 5. The conveyor belt 2 is mounted on the frame 1, and the hopper 4 is mounted on the frame 1 above the conveyor belt 2. The lower end of the hopper 4 is provided with an elongated discharge port 6. The scraper 5 is located above the conveyor belt 2 and is mounted on a U-shaped support frame 7 provided on the frame 1.

[0005] Preferably, the scraper 5 is mounted on the moving end of the electric push rod 8 installed on the support frame 7, for automatically adjusting the height of the lower end of the scraper 5.

[0006] Preferably, the lower end of the scraper 5 is provided with a sheet-like rubber strip 51.

[0007] Preferably, a receiving hopper 9 is installed on the frame 1 below the rear end of the conveyor belt 2 to receive the substrate soil that falls onto the conveyor belt 2. The substrate soil falls into the receiving hopper 9 through a gap formed on the frame 1 at the rear end of the conveyor belt 2.

[0008] Preferably, the conveyor belt 2 is provided with rubber limiting strips 21 at both ends to prevent the substrate soil spilled on the conveyor belt from falling off from both sides.

[0009] Preferably, the frame 1 is equipped with a baffle 10 for blocking the seedling trays 3 that are conveyed from the conveyor belt 2.

[0010] Preferably, two feeding rollers 11 are rotatably installed between the two ends of the lower part of the feeding hopper 4, and feeding rollers 111 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the feeding rollers 11 to convey the substrate soil downward. The two feeding rollers 11 rotate relative to each other, so that the substrate soil is conveyed downward between the two feeding rollers 11.

[0011] Preferably, the ends of the two feeding rollers 11 are connected by gear transmission, and one of the feeding rollers 11 is connected to the drive motor 12 mounted on the frame 1.

[0012] Preferably, a feeding roller 13 is rotatably mounted at both ends inside the discharge port 6. The side wall of the feeding roller 13 has multiple rows of holes 131 distributed circumferentially along the feeding roller 13. One row of holes 131 is arranged along the length of the feeding roller 13 and corresponds to the transversely arranged seedling troughs on the seedling tray 3. The diameter of the feeding roller 13 is larger than the width of the discharge port 6. Arc-shaped protrusions are provided on both sides of the discharge port 6 to provide rotation space for the feeding roller 13. The feeding roller 13 is connected to the stepper motor 14 mounted on the frame 1.

[0013] Preferably, an infrared sensor is provided at the lower end of the discharge port 6 to identify the entry of the seedling tray 3 into the discharge port 6.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. Achieves automated and efficient operation, significantly improving production efficiency. This invention uses a conveyor belt to automatically transport seedling trays, combined with a feeding roller controlled by a drive motor and gear transmission, and a filling roller precisely controlled by a stepper motor, realizing full mechanization and automation from substrate transportation and quantitative filling to leveling. This completely changes the traditional operation mode that relies on manual filling, with the filling speed seamlessly connected to the seedling tray transportation, significantly improving the efficiency of seedling production.

[0015] 2. Ensures consistency and accuracy in filling quality. First, the carefully designed holes on the filling roller ensure quantitative material dispensing, providing an equal amount of substrate to each seedling tray, fundamentally guaranteeing uniform filling volume. Second, the electric push rod can precisely and conveniently adjust the height of the scraper plate automatically, adapting it to seedling trays of different depths and sizes, ensuring consistent leveling and creating a level and uniform seedbed for subsequent sowing.

[0016] 3. Significantly improves substrate utilization, reduces waste, and maintains environmental cleanliness. The device is designed with a closed residual material recovery system. Excess substrate spilled on the conveyor belt is effectively blocked by the limiting strips on both sides and collected and recycled at the end of the conveyor belt via a receiving hopper. This design greatly reduces material spillage and waste, lowers production costs, and maintains a clean work site, meeting the environmental protection requirements of modern agriculture.

[0017] 4. The feeding process has been optimized to effectively prevent blockages and improve reliability. A relatively rotating feeding roller inside the hopper continuously agitates the substrate, effectively breaking up any potential bridging and ensuring smooth substrate descent. This solves the problem of outlet blockage caused by damp or clumped substrate in traditional devices, guaranteeing the reliability of the equipment's long-term stable operation.

[0018] 5. The overall structure is ingeniously designed, highly practical, and highly automated. The entire system integrates automatic conveying, precise feeding, automatic leveling, and waste material recycling, with a compact structure and reasonable layout. Through the linkage of infrared sensors and stepper motors, precise synchronization between the filling action and the position of the seedling trays can be achieved. The end baffle can systematically collect the filled seedling trays. These design features together constitute a highly efficient, intelligent, and practical automated production unit, making it very suitable for large-scale seedling base application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the scraper.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the feeding hopper.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the feeding hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0024] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a high-efficiency vegetable seedling tray substrate filling device. The device includes a sturdy frame 1, which serves as the basic support for the entire equipment. A conveyor belt 2, driven by a motor, is installed on the frame 1 to carry and intermittently or continuously transport the seedling trays 3.

[0025] Above the conveyor belt 2, a feeding hopper 4 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 for storing seedling substrate. The lower end of the feeding hopper 4 has a long, narrow discharge port 6, the width of which matches the width of the seedling tray 3. To ensure smooth and even discharge of the substrate from the feeding hopper 4 and prevent blockage, two parallel feeding rollers 11 are rotatably installed between the two end walls of the lower inner part of the feeding hopper 4. Several evenly distributed feeding rods 111 are welded to the side walls of both feeding rollers 11. The two feeding rollers 11 rotate relative to each other through gear meshing at their ends. The shaft end of one feeding roller 11 is connected to a drive motor 12 (such as a low-speed AC motor) fixed to the frame 1 via a coupling. After the drive motor 12 starts, it drives the two feeding rollers 11 to rotate relative to each other, and the feeding rods 111 continuously agitate the substrate, breaking up any potential bridging and ensuring that the substrate is evenly conveyed downwards through the gap between the two feeding rollers 11.

[0026] To achieve precise quantitative filling, a loading roller 13 is rotatably mounted inside the discharge port 6, below the two feeding rollers 11. The diameter of the loading roller 13 is larger than the width of the discharge port 6, so that a row of holes 131 corresponds exactly to the internal width of the discharge port 6 to receive the substrate. Correspondingly, arc-shaped protrusions are provided on the side walls of the discharge port 6 to provide space for the rotation of the loading roller 13. Multiple rows of holes 131 are circumferentially formed on the side walls of the loading roller 13, and the number and spacing of each row of holes 131 correspond one-to-one with the horizontally arranged seedling troughs on the seedling tray 3. The shaft end of the loading roller 13 is connected to a stepper motor 14 via a synchronous belt or coupling. Each time the stepper motor 14 receives a pulse signal, it drives the loading roller 13 to rotate by a fixed angle. When a row of holes 131 rotates upwards with the feeding roller 13, it receives and scoops up the substrate falling from the discharging roller 11; when the row of holes 131 rotates downwards, the substrate inside falls precisely into the corresponding seedling trough of the seedling tray 3 under the action of gravity. In order to accurately control the filling timing, an infrared sensor (not shown in the figure) is also installed at the lower end of the discharge port 6 to detect whether the seedling tray 3 has moved to the filling position and transmit the signal to the control system (such as PLC) to trigger the stepper motor 14 to operate.

[0027] After loading, the seedling trays 3 are conveyed by the conveyor belt 2 to the leveling station. This station has a U-shaped support frame 7, fixed to the machine frame 1. An electric push rod 8 (such as an electric actuator or servo electric cylinder) is mounted on the support frame 7. The scraper plate 5 is fixedly installed at the moving end of the electric push rod 8. Through program control or manual setting, the electric push rod 8 can precisely extend and retract, automatically adjusting the height between the lower end of the scraper plate 5 and the edge of the seedling tray 3 to adapt to different models and substrate filling depths. To further optimize the leveling effect and prevent scratching the seedling trays, a sheet-like rubber strip 51 is detachably installed at the lower end of the scraper plate 5 via a slot and bolts. As the seedling trays 3 pass, the scraper plate 5 and its rubber strip 51 scrape away excess substrate from each seedling trough, ensuring a smooth and uniform substrate surface in each hole.

[0028] To maintain environmental cleanliness and save costs, this device also includes a waste material recycling system. Rubber-bonded limiting strips 21 are adhered to both ends of the conveyor belt 2 to effectively prevent substrate from spilling from the sides of the conveyor belt during conveying and leveling. All excess substrate spilled on the surface of the conveyor belt 2 moves with it to its rear end. A notch is provided on the frame 1 at the rear end of the conveyor belt 2, and a receiving hopper 9 is fixedly installed directly below it. This excess substrate falls into the receiving hopper 9 through the notch, where it can be collected and periodically backfilled into the discharge hopper 4 manually or via a pneumatic conveying device, achieving recycling.

[0029] At the end of the conveyor belt 2, a baffle 10 is hinged to the frame 1. Its function is to block and collect the seedling trays 3 that have been filled in an orderly manner, so that they are stacked neatly and can be easily taken away by operators in batches, thus realizing the rhythmic management of the assembly line operation.

[0030] Work process: The operator places empty seedling trays 3 sequentially at the starting end of conveyor belt 2. Conveyor belt 2 starts, transporting the seedling trays 3 forward. When the seedling trays 3 reach below the feeding hopper 4, an infrared sensor detects a signal, and the controller commands stepper motor 14 to drive the loading roller 13 to rotate at a specific angle (e.g., 180 degrees or 120 degrees, depending on the number of circumferential columns), filling a row of quantitative substrate into a row of holes in the seedling tray 3. As the seedling trays 3 continue to move forward, the loading roller 13 rotates intermittently at a set rhythm until all holes in the entire seedling tray 3 are filled. Subsequently, the seedling trays 3 enter the leveling station, where a height-adjustable scraper 5 removes excess substrate, forming a smooth surface. The scraped-off excess substrate is constrained on conveyor belt 2 by limit strip 21 and is eventually transported to the end for collection by the receiving hopper 9. The seedling trays 3, having completed filling and leveling, are transported to the end, where they are blocked and collected by baffle 10. The operator can periodically remove them in batches for the next process.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays, characterized in that: It includes a frame (1), a conveyor belt (2) for moving the seedling tray (3), a hopper (4), and a scraper (5); the conveyor belt (2) is installed on the frame (1), the hopper (4) is installed on the frame (1) above the conveyor belt (2), and the lower end of the hopper (4) is provided with a long strip-shaped discharge port (6); the scraper (5) is located above the conveyor belt (2) and is installed on a U-shaped support frame (7) provided on the frame (1).

2. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper (5) is mounted on the moving end of the electric push rod (8) installed on the support frame (7) for automatically adjusting the height of the lower end of the scraper (5).

3. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper (5) has a sheet-like rubber strip (51) at its lower end.

4. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the rear end of the conveyor belt (2), there is a receiving hopper (9) installed on the frame (1) to receive the substrate soil that is spilled on the conveyor belt (2). The substrate soil falls into the receiving hopper (9) from the gap formed on the frame (1) at the rear end of the conveyor belt (2).

5. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveyor belt (2) has rubber limiting strips (21) at both ends to prevent the substrate soil spilled on the conveyor belt from falling off from both sides.

6. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is equipped with a baffle (10) for blocking the seedling trays (3) that are conveyed from the conveyor belt (2).

7. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the hopper (4) is rotatably installed with two parallel feeding rollers (11). The side walls of the feeding rollers (11) are evenly provided with feeding rods (111) to convey the substrate soil downwards. The two feeding rollers (11) rotate relative to each other, so that the substrate soil is conveyed downwards between the two feeding rollers (11).

8. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ends of the two feeding rollers (11) are connected by gear transmission, and one of the feeding rollers (11) is connected to the drive motor (12) provided on the frame (1).

9. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The discharge port (6) has a loading roller (13) rotatably mounted at both ends. The side wall of the loading roller (13) has multiple rows of holes (131) distributed along the circumference of the loading roller (13). One row of holes (131) is arranged along the length of the loading roller (13) and corresponds to the seedling troughs arranged horizontally on the seedling tray (3). The diameter of the loading roller (13) is larger than the width of the discharge port (6). Arc-shaped protrusions are provided on both sides of the discharge port (6) to provide rotation space for the loading roller (13). The loading roller (13) is connected to the stepper motor (14) installed on the frame (1) for transmission.

10. The efficient substrate filling device for vegetable seedling trays according to claim 9, characterized in that: An infrared sensor is provided at the lower end of the discharge port (6) to identify when the seedling tray (3) enters the discharge port (6).

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