Artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function, comprising: air-tight enclosure, form closed culture space;Ventilation system, including the air inlet pipeline being arranged in the lower part of culture space and the exhaust duct being arranged in the top of culture space, air inlet pipeline is equipped with air inlet fan and high efficiency air filter, exhaust duct is equipped with exhaust fan;Negative pressure maintaining device, including the negative pressure sensor being arranged in the inside of culture space and the frequency conversion controller being electrically connected with exhaust fan, negative pressure sensor detects the pressure value in culture space, and frequency conversion controller adjusts the rotating speed of exhaust fan according to pressure value, so that the exhaust capacity of exhaust duct is greater than the air intake of air inlet pipeline, and the negative pressure in culture space is maintained;Environment regulating system, including temperature regulating assembly, humidity regulating assembly, illumination regulating assembly and CO2 concentration regulating assembly, respectively for adjusting temperature, humidity, illumination intensity and spectrum, CO2 concentration in culture space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of artificial climate chambers, and more particularly to an artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function. Background Technology

[0002] In many fields such as plant science research, agricultural breeding, and biopharmaceuticals, accurately simulating the natural environment for plant growth is crucial. Artificial climate chambers have emerged to address this need, providing researchers with a controllable experimental space where key environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, spectrum, and CO2 concentration can be adjusted to meet the specific needs of different plants during germination and growth. Through artificial climate chambers, experiments such as studying plant growth mechanisms and cultivating new varieties can be conducted, greatly advancing scientific research in related fields. However, with in-depth research and increasingly stringent biosafety requirements, the limitations of traditional artificial climate chambers have become increasingly apparent. Traditional artificial climate chambers primarily focus on regulating temperature, humidity, light, and gas composition, generally lacking negative pressure control. When conducting experiments involving transgenic plants, pathogenic microorganisms, or plants with potential biohazards, the lack of negative pressure control allows harmful aerosols, pollen, and other substances to easily leak into the external environment. These substances may pollute the surrounding ecosystem and even pose a potential threat to human health, failing to meet biosafety requirements. Even minor changes in the external environment, such as air pressure fluctuations or airflow disturbances, can significantly impact the internal environment of traditional artificial climate chambers. Without negative pressure maintenance devices, the indoor environment is difficult to stabilize, failing to provide a constant experimental condition for plant growth. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problems that need to be solved in traditional artificial climate chambers in the prior art, this utility model provides an artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function; The artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function provided by this utility model adopts the following technical solution: An artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function, used to regulate the germination and growth environment of plants, includes: an airtight enclosure structure forming a closed cultivation space; a ventilation system including an air inlet duct located at the bottom of the cultivation space and an exhaust duct located at the top of the cultivation space, the air inlet duct being equipped with an air inlet fan and a high-efficiency air filter, and the exhaust duct being equipped with an exhaust fan; a negative pressure maintaining device including a negative pressure sensor located inside the cultivation space and a frequency converter electrically connected to the exhaust fan, the negative pressure sensor detecting the pressure value inside the cultivation space, and the frequency converter adjusting the speed of the exhaust fan according to the pressure value, so that the exhaust volume of the exhaust duct is greater than the intake volume of the air inlet duct, thereby maintaining the negative pressure inside the cultivation space; and an environmental control system including a temperature control component, a humidity control component, a light control component, and a CO2 concentration control component, used to regulate the temperature, humidity, light intensity and spectrum, and CO2 concentration inside the cultivation space, respectively. Furthermore, the airtight enclosure structure includes a color steel plate wall, an airtight door, and an epoxy floor. The joints of the color steel plate wall are filled with silicone sealant, and the airtight door has a double elastic sealing strip between the door frame and the door body. Furthermore, the air inlet duct is also equipped with a preheating and precooling device, which includes an electric heater and a coil cooler, for pre-treating the temperature of the air entering the culture space. Furthermore, the negative pressure maintained by the negative pressure maintaining device is in the range of -5Pa to -20Pa; Furthermore, the temperature control component includes a heating and cooling air conditioning unit and a temperature sensor disposed within the culture space. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the heating and cooling air conditioning unit and is used to maintain the temperature within the culture space between 15°C and 35°C. The humidity control component includes an ultrasonic humidifier, a condensing dehumidifier, and a humidity sensor disposed within the culture space. The humidity sensor is electrically connected to the humidifier and the dehumidifier and is used to maintain the humidity within the culture space between 40%RH and 80%RH. Furthermore, the light adjustment component includes an LED lamp group disposed at the top of the culture space, the LED lamp group having a spectral range of 400nm to 700nm and an adjustable light intensity range of 000lux to 10000lux; Furthermore, it also includes a drainage system, which includes a drain outlet installed on the floor of the cultivation space and a drainage pipe connected to the drain outlet. The drainage pipe is equipped with a U-shaped water seal to prevent air leakage through the drain outlet. Furthermore, the air inlet of the air inlet duct is a diffuser, and the air outlet of the air outlet duct is a louvered vent.

[0004] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention establishes a stable negative pressure environment within the cultivation space by incorporating a negative pressure maintenance device. This means that indoor air will always flow to the outside, effectively confining harmful biological aerosols or pollen within the space and preventing leakage into the external environment. This design significantly improves biosafety, providing reliable protection for high-risk biological experiments. The ventilation system employs a "bottom-up" airflow organization method, combined with a high-efficiency air filter on the intake duct and an exhaust fan on the exhaust duct, ensuring uniform air distribution and efficient circulation. During intake, the high-efficiency air filter removes most particulate matter and microorganisms from the air, ensuring clean air entering the room. During exhaust, the exhaust fan speed is adjusted to ensure that the exhaust volume exceeds the intake volume, creating a stable negative pressure airflow and effectively preventing cross-contamination. The airtight enclosure structure uses color steel plate walls, airtight doors, and epoxy flooring. The joints of the color steel plate walls are filled with silicone sealant, and the airtight doors have double elastic sealing strips between the door frame and the door body. This design significantly improves the airtightness of the enclosure structure, reduces air leakage, and provides a solid foundation for maintaining a negative pressure environment. At the same time, good airtightness also helps maintain the stability of the indoor environment and reduces interference from the external environment. The drainage system is equipped with drainage pipes with U-shaped water seals, which effectively prevents air leakage through the drain outlets and ensures stable indoor pressure. This design solves the problems existing in traditional artificial climate chamber drainage systems, further improving the reliability and stability of the entire system. Attached Figure Description

[0005] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the air inlet duct of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a first schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drainage pipe of this utility model.

[0006] As shown in the figure: 1-Color steel plate wall, 2-Airtight door, 3-Epoxy flooring, 4-Air inlet duct, 5-Exhaust duct, 6-Air inlet fan, 7-High-efficiency air filter, 8-Exhaust fan, 9-Variable frequency controller, 10-Negative pressure sensor, 11-Electric heater, 12-Cooler coil cooler, 13-Heating and cooling air conditioning unit, 14-Ultrasonic humidifier, 15-Condensing dehumidifier, 16-LED light assembly, 17-Drainage pipe, 18-U-shaped water seal, 19-Diffuser, 20-Louvre air vent, 21-Humidity sensor, 22-Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0007] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The present invention will be further described in detail below: This utility model discloses an artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function, such as... Figure 1-5 As shown, an artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function is used to regulate the germination and growth environment of plants. It includes: an airtight enclosure structure forming a closed cultivation space; a ventilation system including an air inlet duct 4 located at the bottom of the cultivation space and an exhaust duct 5 located at the top of the cultivation space, with an air inlet fan 6 and a high-efficiency air filter 7 on the air inlet duct 4, and an exhaust fan 8 on the exhaust duct 5; a negative pressure maintaining device including a negative pressure sensor 10 located inside the cultivation space and a frequency converter 9 electrically connected to the exhaust fan 8, the negative pressure sensor 10 detecting the pressure value inside the cultivation space, and the frequency converter 9 adjusting the speed of the exhaust fan 8 according to the pressure value, so that the exhaust volume of the exhaust duct 5 is greater than the intake volume of the air inlet duct 4, maintaining the negative pressure inside the cultivation space; and an environmental control system including a temperature control component, a humidity control component, a light control component, and a CO2 concentration control component, used to regulate the temperature, humidity, light intensity and spectrum, and CO2 concentration inside the cultivation space, respectively. In the above embodiments, the airtight enclosure structure is the foundation for precise environmental control in the artificial climate chamber. It constructs a physically isolated space using high-sealing building materials, preventing uncontrolled entry of external air or disorderly escape of controlled gases from the interior environment. This structure ensures that key parameters such as temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, cleanliness, and pressure are precisely maintained, avoiding environmental fluctuations caused by air leakage. High airtightness is particularly crucial in negative pressure operation to ensure a stable pressure gradient, preventing the leakage of polluted air or cross-contamination. It provides a stable experimental environment, reducing external interference; prevents the intrusion of pathogenic microorganisms, dust, or other pollutants from the outside, ensuring plant growth safety; and effectively inhibits the diffusion of potentially harmful aerosols or pollen into the external environment under negative pressure conditions, enhancing biosafety. The ventilation system adopts a "bottom-up, top-down" airflow organization method, meaning that fresh air is introduced from the bottom, rises through the plant canopy, and is exhausted from the top. This design conforms to the natural rising of hot air, which is conducive to uniform air distribution and improves ventilation efficiency. The intake fan 6 is used to actively introduce external air and overcome system resistance, while the high-efficiency air filter 7 can remove particles ≥0.3μm from the air with a purification rate of over 99.97%, ensuring that the air entering the room is clean. The exhaust fan 8 is responsible for forcibly expelling indoor waste gas, and works with the negative pressure control system to achieve directional airflow. The negative pressure maintenance device monitors the absolute pressure in the culture space or the pressure difference relative to the outside in real time, collects data using the negative pressure sensor 10, and transmits the signal to the frequency converter 9. The controller automatically adjusts the speed of the exhaust fan 8 and dynamically adjusts the exhaust volume according to the preset negative pressure value. When the pressure rises, the exhaust volume is increased; otherwise, it is appropriately reduced, so as to always keep the exhaust volume greater than the intake volume of the air inlet duct 4, forming a continuous inward airflow trend and achieving stable negative pressure. The air conditioning unit 13 has dual functions of cooling and heating. Combining compressor cooling and electric heating heat pump technology, it can achieve bidirectional temperature control under different seasons or experimental needs. Temperature sensor 22 provides real-time feedback of indoor temperature to form a closed-loop control, ensuring that the deviation between the set value and the measured value is minimal. The ultrasonic humidifier 14 atomizes water into micron-sized particles through high-frequency oscillation, which are then dispersed into the space by the airflow to quickly increase the relative humidity; the condenser dehumidifier 15 uses refrigerant to cool the air to below the dew point, causing water vapor to condense and precipitate, thus achieving the purpose of dehumidification; the humidity sensor 21 monitors and feeds back signals in real time, and controls the system to intelligently start and stop the humidification or dehumidification equipment. The top LED light group has 16 units with a spectrum of 400nm-700nm and adjustable illuminance. The LED light source has the advantages of high luminous efficiency, low heat generation, long life and customizable spectrum. The selected spectrum range covers the effective radiation for plant photosynthesis. Red light promotes flowering and fruiting, while blue light inhibits excessive growth and promotes chlorophyll synthesis. The light intensity can be continuously adjusted through PWM dimming or multi-level switching control. The CO2 concentration sensor monitors the CO2 content in the air in real time. When it is lower than the set value, such as 800–1200 ppm, the control system opens the solenoid valve to release high-purity CO2 gas. If it is too high, ventilation is strengthened to dilute it. like Figure 1-5As shown, the airtight enclosure structure includes a color steel plate wall 1, an airtight door 2, and an epoxy floor 3. The joints of the color steel plate wall 1 are filled with silicone sealant, and the door frame and door body of the airtight door 2 are provided with double elastic sealing strips. In this embodiment, polyurethane or rock wool insulation core material is sandwiched in the middle of the color steel plate, which has both thermal insulation and structural strength. The joints are filled with silicone sealant to prevent air penetration. The airtight door 2 is equipped with double elastic sealing strips. When the door is closed, it is compressed to form a tight barrier. The floor uses seamless epoxy self-leveling floor 3, which is not only moisture-proof and corrosion-proof, but also seamless, eliminating underground leakage paths. like Figure 1-5 As shown, the air inlet duct 4 is also equipped with a preheating and precooling device, which includes an electric heater 11 and a coil cooler 12, for pre-treating the temperature of the air entering the cultivation space. In this embodiment, the external air temperature and humidity are often unstable, and direct delivery will affect the stability of the indoor environment. The preheating and precooling device performs preliminary temperature control on the air before it enters the main space: the electric heater 11 is used to heat the air in winter, and the cold water coil cooler 12 is used to cool and dehumidify it in summer. This process occurs inside the air inlet duct 4 and does not affect the environment of the main cavity. It reduces the load on the main air conditioning unit 13 and improves the system response speed and energy efficiency ratio. It avoids stress damage to plants caused by "cold shock" or "heat shock". Pre-dehumidification can reduce the moisture brought in from the air and assist in humidity control. It is particularly suitable for extreme climate areas or continuous operation throughout the year, enhancing the system's adaptability. The negative pressure maintaining device maintains a negative pressure range of -5Pa to -20Pa. In this embodiment, this range is considered a mild negative pressure, which effectively prevents internal air leakage without causing the door to be difficult to open, structural deformation, or increased noise due to excessive negative pressure. Generally, -10Pa is the commonly used operating value, balancing safety and ease of operation. -5Pa is sufficient to form a directional airflow and prevent pollutants from overflowing. -20Pa is the upper limit warning value to prevent excessive suction from causing structural damage or energy waste. Within this range, personnel can enter and exit easily without the need for complex decompression procedures. like Figure 1-5 As shown, the temperature control component includes a heating and cooling air conditioning unit 13 and a temperature sensor 22 installed in the culture space. The temperature sensor 22 is electrically connected to the heating and cooling air conditioning unit 13 and is used to maintain the temperature in the culture space between 15°C and 35°C. The humidity control component includes an ultrasonic humidifier 14, a condenser dehumidifier 15 and a humidity sensor 21 installed in the culture space. The humidity sensor 21 is electrically connected to the humidifier 14 and the dehumidifier 15 and is used to maintain the humidity in the culture space between 40%RH and 80%RH. like Figure 1-5 As shown, the light adjustment component includes an LED lamp group 16 disposed at the top of the culture space. The spectral range of the LED lamp group 16 is 400nm to 700nm, and the light intensity can be adjusted from 000lux to 10000lux. like Figure 1-5 As shown, it also includes a drainage system, which includes a drain outlet installed on the floor of the cultivation space and a drainage pipe 17 connected to the drain outlet. The drainage pipe 17 is equipped with a U-shaped water seal 18 to prevent air leakage through the drain outlet. In this embodiment, the U-shaped water seal 18 is a classic physical barrier device. Its curved section retains a water column of a certain height to form a liquid seal barrier, preventing gas from flowing freely through the drainage pipe 17. Drainage is only allowed when the water volume is sufficient to break the water seal, and it remains airtight under normal conditions. like Figure 1-5 As shown, the air inlet of the air inlet duct 4 adopts a diffuser 19, and the air outlet of the exhaust duct 5 adopts a louvered air outlet 20. In this embodiment, the diffuser 19 is installed at the end of the air inlet duct 4 and has multiple guide vanes, which can make the air supply air diffuse in an umbrella shape to avoid direct blowing on plants and causing mechanical damage or excessive local wind speed. The diffuser 19 optimizes the airflow distribution and improves the uniformity of indoor air.

[0008] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. The various components mentioned in this utility model are common technologies in the existing field. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function, used to regulate the germination and growth environment of plants, characterized in that, include: An airtight enclosure structure forms a closed cultivation space; The ventilation system includes an air inlet duct (4) located at the bottom of the culture space and an exhaust duct (5) located at the top of the culture space. The air inlet duct (4) is equipped with an air inlet fan (6) and a high-efficiency air filter (7), and the exhaust duct (5) is equipped with an exhaust fan (8). The negative pressure maintaining device includes a negative pressure sensor (10) disposed inside the culture space and a frequency converter (9) electrically connected to the exhaust fan (8). The negative pressure sensor (10) detects the pressure value inside the culture space, and the frequency converter (9) adjusts the speed of the exhaust fan (8) according to the pressure value so that the exhaust volume of the exhaust pipe (5) is greater than the intake volume of the air inlet pipe (4) to maintain the negative pressure inside the culture space. The environmental control system includes a temperature control component, a humidity control component, a light control component, and a CO2 concentration control component, which are used to regulate the temperature, humidity, light intensity and spectrum, and CO2 concentration in the culture space, respectively.

2. The artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airtight enclosure structure includes a color steel plate wall (1), an airtight door (2) and an epoxy floor (3). The joints of the color steel plate wall (1) are filled with silicone sealant, and the door frame and door body of the airtight door (2) are provided with double elastic sealing strips.

3. The artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet duct (4) is also equipped with a preheating and precooling device, which includes an electric heater (11) and a coil cooler (12) for pre-treating the temperature of the air entering the culture space.

4. The artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure maintaining device maintains a negative pressure range of -5Pa to -20Pa.

5. An artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control component includes a heating and cooling air conditioning unit (13) and a temperature sensor (22) installed in the culture space. The temperature sensor (22) is electrically connected to the heating and cooling air conditioning unit (13) and is used to maintain the temperature in the culture space between 15°C and 35°C. The humidity control component includes an ultrasonic humidifier (14), a condenser dehumidifier (15), and a humidity sensor (21) installed in the culture space. The humidity sensor (21) is electrically connected to the humidifier (14) and the dehumidifier (15) and is used to maintain the humidity in the culture space between 40%RH and 80%RH.

6. An artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light adjustment component includes an LED lamp group (16) disposed at the top of the culture space. The spectral range of the LED lamp group (16) is 400nm to 700nm, and the light intensity is adjustable from 000lux to 10000lux.

7. An artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drainage system, which includes a drain outlet located on the floor of the cultivation space and a drain pipe (17) connected to the drain outlet. The drain pipe (17) is provided with a U-shaped water seal (18) to prevent air from leaking through the drain outlet.

8. An artificial climate chamber with negative pressure function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet of the air inlet duct (4) is a diffuser (19), and the air outlet of the air outlet duct (5) is a louvered air outlet (20).

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