A minimally invasive endoscopic channel shaping annular drill bit

Abstract

The utility model relates to provide a kind of minimally invasive spinal endoscope under passageway forming annular drill bit, including the ring of overall tubular and the cutting edge being provided with one end, the other end of ring saw is rotationally arranged on holding handle, the one end of ring saw is out of holding handle and presents through tubular structure, drive mechanism is arranged on holding handle, and the drive of ring saw is implemented, to realize the rotary cutting of cutting edge to bone, speed control pedal is electrically connected with drive mechanism, and speed control pedal is placed on ground, and the opening and closing depth of speed control pedal controls the driving speed of drive mechanism driving ring saw, give surgeon convenient and accurate speed regulation ability. According to the operation process and different anatomical structure, the driving speed of ring saw can be adjusted in real time and flexibly. When dealing with complex parts, the rotation speed can be reduced for fine operation; when dealing with relatively hard bone structure, the rotation speed is improved to improve the operation efficiency, realize the accurate control of operation operation, enhance the operation safety and controllability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a ring drill bit for minimally invasive spinal endoscopy channel shaping. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of spinal surgery, treatment methods for lumbar disc herniation and related diseases are constantly evolving. Traditional conventional discectomy, as a classic procedure, has long been used clinically. However, this procedure has significant drawbacks. The surgery often requires extensive dissection of a large amount of soft tissue, such as muscles and ligaments, behind the lumbar spine. This not only disrupts the integrity of the posterior spinal stabilizing structures but also easily leads to a series of adverse consequences postoperatively, such as lumbar instability, reducing the stability of the lumbar spine in daily activities and increasing the risk of further lumbar injury; chronic low back pain is also common, seriously affecting the patient's quality of life. Furthermore, the relatively large incision causes extensive damage to surrounding tissues, hindering postoperative recovery. Regarding the treatment of bony structures, conventional discectomy sometimes necessitates the removal of part of the lamina, pedicles, and other important structures, which undoubtedly significantly compromises spinal stability. Partial lamina removal may lead to segmental instability and, in the long term, potentially cause more serious problems such as spinal deformities.

[0003] With the development of medical technology, lateral percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PED) has gradually emerged as a promising surgical approach. This procedure, performed through the natural intervertebral foramen in the posterolateral aspect of the lumbar spine, offers numerous advantages over traditional surgeries. Firstly, it avoids extensive dissection of paravertebral muscles and ligaments, preserving the integrity of these tissues to the greatest extent possible, thus effectively reducing postoperative muscle atrophy and ligament laxity. Regarding the incision, the skin incision for lateral percutaneous endoscopic discectomy is only about 7 millimeters, a stark contrast to the large incision of conventional discectomy, significantly reducing damage to surrounding tissues. From the perspective of spinal stability, this surgery does not remove the lamina or damage the facet joints or other important bony structures, better maintaining spinal stability and reducing spinal-related complications.

[0004] In transforaminal discectomy, foraminal reconstruction is a crucial step. By expanding the surgical operating space, surgeons can more easily access the intervertebral foramen, thereby precisely removing the herniated disc tissue, completely relieving nerve root compression, and achieving the desired therapeutic effect. Currently, the circumferential saw technique is widely used in clinical practice as a commonly used technique for foraminal reconstruction and spinal decompression. Its principle is to use a circular saw blade to gradually enlarge the intervertebral foramen or remove part of the vertebral structure to reduce nerve compression.

[0005] However, existing technologies have significant drawbacks in actual surgical procedures. Currently, most circular saw blades are operated manually, which carries a high risk of error. Due to the confined surgical space and the complexity of surrounding nerves, blood vessels, and other vital structures, even slight carelessness during manual rotation of the circular saw blade can lead to improper sawing control and deviation. Such deviation can potentially damage nerve roots or the spinal cord, causing severe neurological dysfunction and other complications, resulting in irreversible harm to the patient. Simultaneously, the circular saw operation may also damage the rich blood vessels around the intervertebral foramen, leading to bleeding. If intraoperative bleeding is not effectively controlled in a timely manner, increasing blood loss may lead to hematoma formation, further compressing nerve structures, worsening the patient's condition, prolonging the recovery period, and negatively impacting the surgical outcome. Therefore, existing technologies place extremely high demands on the clinical surgical experience of surgical personnel during actual procedures. Even experienced surgeons cannot completely avoid the aforementioned risks, which to some extent limits the safety and effectiveness of the surgery. There is an urgent need to develop more precise and safer surgical instruments and technologies to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel shaping ring drill bit, which aims to solve the problems caused by manually operating the ring saw blade in the above-mentioned technical problems, reduce the risks during the operation, and improve the safety of the operation.

[0007] The technical problem solved by this utility model is addressed by the following technical solution: a minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel forming annular drill bit, comprising: The ring saw is tubular in shape and has a cutting blade at one end. The other end of the ring saw is rotatably mounted on the handle. One end of the ring saw extends out of the handle and has a tubular structure; A drive mechanism is provided on the grip handle and drives the ring saw to enable the cutting blade to perform rotational cutting on the bone. A speed control pedal is electrically connected to the drive mechanism and is placed on the ground. The opening and closing depth of the speed control pedal controls the driving speed of the drive mechanism driving the ring saw.

[0008] This utility model also has the following technical features: In one embodiment of this utility model, the ring saw and the driving mechanism are detachably connected.

[0009] In one embodiment of this utility model, a power button is provided on the grip handle, and the power button is used to turn the power to the drive mechanism on and off.

[0010] In one embodiment of this utility model, a telescopic mounting tube is provided on the grip handle, and one end of the ring saw is inserted into the cavity of the telescopic mounting tube and extends into the grip handle to connect with the drive mechanism.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a driving gear, which meshes with a power gear, and the center of the power gear is connected to the output shaft of a DC drive motor.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, the core of the drive gear is provided with a plug hole, the plug hole is a rectangular hole, the tube end of the ring saw is provided with a plug section, the plug section is inserted into the plug hole, and the cross section of the plug section matches the hole shape of the plug hole.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, the ring saw is generally in the shape of a stepped tube, with the end of the ring saw near the cutting blade being the larger end, and the smaller section of the ring saw extending into the telescopic mounting tube, with the end face of the larger section of the ring saw abutting against the end of the telescopic mounting tube.

[0014] In one embodiment of this utility model, the telescopic mounting tube is slidably disposed on the grip handle. A spring is sleeved on the tube body of the telescopic mounting tube that extends into the grip handle. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the tube body of the telescopic mounting tube and the inner wall of the grip handle. An abutting flange is provided on the inner wall of the telescopic mounting tube located on the grip handle. The end face of the insertion section of the telescopic mounting tube abuts against the abutting flange.

[0015] In one embodiment of this utility model, the telescopic mounting tube extending into the grip handle has a flange on its body, and the grip handle has a hole for the telescopic mounting tube to pass through. The flange abuts against the edge of the hole opening, and a support ring is rotatably provided at the end of the telescopic mounting tube extending out of the grip handle. The ring surface of the support ring abuts against the end face of the large-sized pipe section of the ring saw.

[0016] The drive gear is rotatably mounted on the bracket via a support bearing. The bracket is fixed inside the grip handle. The bracket is provided with a pipe for the insertion section to be introduced. An electromagnetic coil is provided inside the pipe. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the insertion section moves the cutting edge of the ring saw away from the bone cutting position and slides along the pipe.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in the following: the linkage design between the drive mechanism and the ring saw replaces the traditional method of manually rotating the ring saw blade, avoiding sawing errors caused by human operation vibration and uneven force. During the operation, the drive mechanism outputs stable power, enabling the cutting blade to rotate and cut the bone at a constant speed, greatly reducing the risk of deviation caused by improper operation, effectively avoiding the potential threat of nerve root or spinal cord injury, and providing a reliable guarantee for the precise implementation of the surgery. The electrical connection between the speed control pedal and the drive mechanism provides surgeons with convenient and precise speed adjustment capabilities. By controlling the opening and closing depth of the speed control pedal, surgeons can adjust the drive speed of the ring saw in real time and flexibly according to the progress of the surgery and different anatomical structures. When dealing with complex or sensitive areas, the speed can be reduced for more precise operation; when dealing with relatively hard bone structures, the speed can be appropriately increased to improve surgical efficiency, thereby achieving precise control over the surgical operation and further enhancing surgical safety and controllability. The trephine features a tubular handle extending from one end, providing a convenient passage for surgical instruments and facilitating the use of minimally invasive spinal endoscopes or guide wires. This allows surgeons to clearly observe the real-time situation at the cutting site, ensuring the procedure is performed under visualization. This design reduces blind spots, helps surgeons more accurately determine the cutting location and depth, improves surgical efficiency, shortens operation time, and reduces intraoperative trauma and risks for patients.

[0018] Compared to traditional surgical instruments that can damage the stabilizing structures of the spine, this toroidal drill minimizes damage to paravertebral muscles, ligaments, and important bone and joint structures while meeting the needs of surgical procedures. Through precise cutting control, unnecessary laminectomy and joint destruction are avoided, better maintaining spinal stability, reducing the probability of postoperative complications such as lumbar instability and chronic low back pain, promoting faster postoperative recovery, and improving patients' postoperative quality of life. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 and Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of two different perspectives of the annular drill bit for channel forming under minimally invasive spinal endoscopy in one embodiment of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic plan view of the frame of the minimally invasive spinal endoscopy channel-forming annular drill bit, speed control pedal, and control console in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 and Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams of the two perspectives of the annular drill bit for channel shaping under minimally invasive spinal endoscopy in one embodiment of the present invention after it has been removed from the grip handle. Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the annular drill bit for channel forming under minimally invasive spinal endoscopy in one embodiment of the present invention after it has been removed from the grip handle; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular drill bit for channel shaping under minimally invasive spinal endoscopy in one embodiment of the present invention after it has been removed from the grip handle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the ring saw and drive gear of the ring drill bit for channel forming under minimally invasive spinal endoscopy in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ring saw in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model.

[0021] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this utility model. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to this utility model and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0022] It is important to note that foraminal reconstruction is a crucial step in transforaminal discectomy. By expanding the surgical operating space, surgeons can more easily access the intervertebral foramen, thereby precisely removing the herniated disc tissue, completely relieving nerve root compression, and achieving the desired therapeutic effect. Currently, the circumferential saw technique is widely used in clinical practice as a commonly used technique for foraminal reconstruction and spinal decompression. Its principle is to gradually enlarge the intervertebral foramen or remove part of the vertebral structure using a circular saw blade to reduce nerve compression. However, existing techniques have significant drawbacks in actual surgical operation. Currently, the circular saw blade is mostly operated manually, which carries a high risk of error. Due to the confined surgical space and the complexity of surrounding nerves, blood vessels, and other important structures, even slight carelessness when manually rotating the circular saw blade can lead to improper sawing control and deviation. Once this deviation occurs, it is highly likely to damage the nerve root or spinal cord, causing serious neurological dysfunction and other complications, resulting in irreversible harm to the patient. Furthermore, the circumferential saw operation may also damage the rich blood vessels around the intervertebral foramen, leading to bleeding. If intraoperative bleeding is not effectively controlled in a timely manner, the increased bleeding may lead to the formation of a hematoma in the local area, further compressing nerve structures, aggravating the patient's condition, prolonging the patient's recovery period, and negatively impacting the surgical outcome. Therefore, existing technologies require a high level of clinical surgical experience from surgical staff during actual surgical operations. Even experienced doctors cannot completely avoid the aforementioned risks, which to some extent limits the safety and effectiveness of the surgery. To address this, this invention proposes a minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel-forming ring drill, comprising: a ring saw 10, which is tubular in shape and has a cutting blade 11 at one end; a handle 20, with the other end of the ring saw 10 rotatably mounted on the handle 20; wherein one end of the ring saw 10 extends out of the handle 20 in a tubular structure; a drive mechanism, mounted on the handle 20, which drives the ring saw 10 to achieve rotational cutting of the bone by the cutting blade 11; and a speed control pedal 30, electrically connected to the drive mechanism, which is placed on the ground, and the opening and closing depth of the speed control pedal 30 controls the driving speed of the drive mechanism driving the ring saw 10.

[0023] In one embodiment, see Figure 3In actual use, the speed control pedal 30 is placed on the operating room floor, and the control console for the entire drill is placed on a shelf. The speed control pedal 30 is a linear pedal, enabling precise speed control. The circuit system of this invention employs a closed-loop feedback system. Sensors (such as photoelectric encoders and Hall effect sensors) are used to measure the actual rotational speed of the drive mechanism, and this feedback information is compared with the set target speed. Through iterative processing, the control system can stably control the motor speed and achieve precise motion control. Specifically, the surgeon controls the opening and closing degree by stepping on the speed control pedal 30. The opening and closing degree of the speed control pedal 30 is proportional to the actual rotational speed of the drive mechanism. Therefore, surgeons can be trained to control the rotational speed of the toroidal drill by stepping on the speed control pedal 30, providing surgeons with convenient and precise speed adjustment capabilities.

[0024] In one embodiment, the drive mechanism for rotating the trephine 10 is a DC motor. The torque of this drive mechanism is proportional to the current. A current acquisition sensor is installed in the circuit system. By measuring the current feedback signal of the drive mechanism, it can be determined whether the trephine 10 has penetrated the bone. When the current of the drive mechanism suddenly increases, it indicates that the drill bit has contacted the nerve tissue. At this time, the trephine 10 will automatically stop feeding, thereby avoiding further damage to the nerve tissue. Therefore, when medical personnel hold the drill bit for surgery, they can accurately control it to prevent improper control or deviation in direction, thereby avoiding damage to the nerve root or spinal cord. Through control algorithms and current feedback signals, the trephine 10 can avoid damaging the blood vessels around the intervertebral foramen, thereby avoiding bleeding or hematoma and eliminating the problem of nerve compression. The above-mentioned control algorithms and current feedback are all prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0025] In one embodiment, the ring saw 10 is made of titanium alloy, which has high strength and is also easy to disinfect, thus avoiding infection.

[0026] In one embodiment, the grip handle 20 is made of engineering plastic, and the wires connecting it to the external control console and speed control pedal 30 are located at the tail of the grip handle 20 and are connected by exposed wires.

[0027] In one embodiment, the speed control pedal 30 may also be made of engineering plastic, and a sensor is provided on the speed control pedal 30 to detect the opening and closing degree of the speed control pedal 30, thereby controlling the actual rotational speed of the drive mechanism.

[0028] In one embodiment, see Figures 4 to 9As shown, the ring saw 10 and the drive mechanism are detachably connected. This detachable design allows the ring saw to be quickly disassembled after use, facilitating deep cleaning, disinfection, and maintenance by medical personnel. When the cutting edge 11 of the ring saw becomes worn or damaged, the entire device does not need to be replaced; only the ring saw itself needs to be replaced, reducing equipment maintenance and time costs. It also avoids the situation where the entire instrument is scrapped due to partial damage, improving resource utilization efficiency. Furthermore, different spinal surgeries may have different requirements for the specifications, size, and cutting performance of the ring saw. The detachable connection allows doctors to quickly replace the appropriate ring saw according to specific surgical needs, meeting diverse surgical scenarios. For example, when dealing with bone of different thicknesses or hardness, a ring saw with corresponding cutting capabilities can be used, further optimizing the surgical operation and improving surgical adaptability and success rate. When multiple surgeries are performed consecutively, the detachable connection allows for "one-person-one-change" of the ring saw, avoiding the risk of cross-infection caused by reusing incompletely disinfected ring saws, providing a more reliable guarantee for patient surgical safety. Meanwhile, the independent replacement of the trephine is a simple and quick process that does not affect the continuity of surgery and helps improve the efficiency of the operating room.

[0029] In one embodiment, a power button 21 is provided on the grip handle 20, the power button 21 being used to turn the power on and off to the drive mechanism.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the power button 21 allows the surgeon to conveniently and easily turn the power on and off of the drive mechanism during the operation. During the surgical preparation phase, the power can be turned on in advance for equipment testing. During the operation, when it is necessary to pause the rotation of the trephine for observation, adjustment of the surgical position, or replacement of surgical instruments, simply pressing the button quickly cuts off the power and stops the trephine's operation. Once the operation is ready, the power can be quickly turned back on to resume cutting, effectively improving the continuity and precision of the surgical procedure. Furthermore, the power supply to the drive mechanism is directly controlled via a power button, preventing accidents caused by misoperation or unnecessary drive operation. For example, if the surgeon needs to handle other situations or perform non-cutting operations, timely power disconnection can prevent the ring saw from rotating accidentally, reducing the risk of accidental damage to the patient's tissues. At the same time, in emergency situations, rapid power disconnection also buys time to deal with unexpected situations, adding an extra layer of protection for surgical safety.

[0031] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The grip handle 20 is provided with a telescopic mounting tube 22. One end of the ring saw 10 is inserted into the cavity of the telescopic mounting tube 22 and extends into the grip handle 20 to connect with the drive mechanism.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the telescopic mounting tube 22 can flexibly change the length of the ring saw 10 extending from the handle 20 according to surgical needs, allowing the surgeon to adjust the depth of the ring saw inside the patient's body in real time during the operation. Facing lesions at different locations and depths, there is no need to frequently change surgical instruments; simply adjusting the ring saw position via the telescopic mounting tube allows for precise access to the surgical site, improving the flexibility and convenience of the surgical procedure and effectively shortening the operation time. Due to individual differences in the human spinal structure, the size and shape of the intervertebral foramen and the specific location of the lesion vary from patient to patient. The telescopic mounting tube 22 enables this ring drill to adapt to diverse surgical scenarios. For cases with shallow intervertebral foramina or lesions close to the body surface, the ring saw extension length can be shortened; for cases with deep intervertebral foramina or hidden lesions, the ring saw can be lengthened to ensure that the surgical instrument can accurately target the target location, improving the adaptability and success rate of the surgery. During surgery, when encountering complex anatomical structures or needing to avoid important nerves, blood vessels, or other tissues, the surgeon can fine-tune the position of the ring saw 10 using the telescopic mounting tube 22 to prevent damage to surrounding tissues due to excessive depth or improper positioning. This precise depth control greatly reduces surgical risks, provides a more reliable guarantee for surgical safety, and reduces the probability of postoperative complications. In the above embodiments, the design of inserting one end of the ring saw 10 into the cavity of the telescopic mounting tube 22 makes the installation and disassembly of the ring saw 10 more convenient and efficient. Before surgery, medical staff can quickly and accurately install the ring saw; after surgery, it can also be quickly disassembled for cleaning, disinfection, and replacement, which not only saves surgical preparation and finishing time, but also facilitates the management and maintenance of instruments and improves the working efficiency of the operating room.

[0033] In one specific embodiment, to drive the ring saw 10, the drive mechanism includes a drive gear 40, which meshes with a power gear 50. The center of the power gear 50 is connected to the output shaft of a DC drive motor 51. The model of the DC drive motor 51 is selected according to the usage requirements.

[0034] In one embodiment, see Figure 8 The drive gear 40 has a core with a insertion hole 41, which is a rectangular hole. The end of the ring saw 10 has an insertion section 12, which is inserted into the insertion hole 41. The cross-section of the insertion section 12 matches the hole shape of the insertion hole 41.

[0035] In the above embodiment, since the cross-section of the insertion segment 12 matches the shape of the insertion hole 41, and the insertion hole 41 is a rectangular hole, this design allows the rotational power of the drive gear 40 to be precisely transmitted to the ring saw 10 without slippage or idle rotation. During the operation, each rotation of the drive gear can be completely converted into the rotation of the ring saw cutting edge, avoiding power loss, ensuring stable cutting force and consistent cutting efficiency, enabling the surgeon to perform bone cutting operations more smoothly, and effectively shortening the operation time. The plug-in design simplifies the assembly process of the ring saw 10 and the drive gear 40. Medical personnel simply align the plug-in section 12 of the ring saw with the plug-in hole 41 of the drive gear and insert it to complete the installation, requiring no additional tools or complex adjustments. Furthermore, the unique shape of the hole and the plug-in section ensures accurate installation, preventing installation deviations from affecting power transmission and cutting performance, significantly improving the efficiency of pre-operative instrument preparation and facilitating rapid surgical procedures. When the ring saw 10 wears down and needs replacement, or the drive gear 40 malfunctions and requires repair, the plug-in structure allows for quick separation. Medical personnel can easily disassemble the ring saw 10 for individual replacement or perform targeted repairs on the drive gear 40, reducing the difficulty and cost of equipment maintenance. Moreover, the standardized design of the plug-in structure allows for quick and precise installation when replacing new parts, ensuring the equipment is restored to use as soon as possible and improving the efficiency of instrument turnover in the operating room.

[0036] In one embodiment, see Figure 6 As shown, the ring saw 10 is generally in the shape of a stepped tube. The end of the ring saw 10 closest to the cutting blade 11 is the large-size end. The small-size tube section of the ring saw 10 extends into the telescopic mounting tube 22, and the end face of the large-size tube section of the ring saw 10 abuts against the end of the telescopic mounting tube 22.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the stepped tubular structure makes the ring saw 10 more compact while meeting surgical functional requirements. Larger sections are only placed near the necessary cutting edge, while smaller sections extend into the telescopic mounting tube 22, effectively reducing the space occupied by instruments in the surgical area. This not only provides the surgeon with a more spacious operating area and reduces interference between instruments, but also optimizes the endoscopic field of view, allowing the surgeon to see the surgical site more clearly, thus improving the efficiency and quality of the surgical procedure.

[0038] The stepped structure of the ring saw 10 and its connection with the telescopic mounting tube 22 make the assembly and disassembly process more intuitive and convenient. During installation, simply align the smaller section of the ring saw 10 with the telescopic mounting tube 22 and insert it until the end face of the larger section abuts against the end of the telescopic mounting tube 22 to complete positioning. Disassembly is achieved by simply reversing the process. This design reduces the risk of misoperation during assembly, improves the efficiency of preoperative instrument preparation, and also facilitates postoperative cleaning and disinfection.

[0039] In one embodiment, see Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the telescopic mounting tube 22 is slidably mounted on the grip handle 20. A spring 221 is sleeved on the tube body of the telescopic mounting tube 22 that extends into the grip handle 20. The two ends of the spring 221 are respectively connected to the tube body of the telescopic mounting tube 22 and the inner wall of the grip handle 20. The telescopic mounting tube 22 is provided with an abutting flange 224 on the inner wall of the grip handle 20. The end face of the insertion section 12 of the telescopic mounting tube 22 abuts against the abutting flange 224.

[0040] In the above embodiments, see Figure 7 The telescopic mounting tube 22 is slidably mounted on the handle 20 and elastically connected by a spring 221. When the ring saw 10 encounters a sudden change in resistance during cutting (such as contact with hard bone or nerve tissue), the spring 221 provides a buffering effect, absorbing the instantaneous impact force and preventing damage to the instrument or additional damage to the patient's tissue due to rigid collision. This elastic buffering mechanism effectively protects the surgical instruments and the patient's safety, extending the service life of the equipment. The elastic force of the spring 221 allows the telescopic mounting tube 22 to automatically adjust its position according to the cutting resistance, achieving adaptive adjustment of the pressure on the ring saw 10. When cutting hard bone, the spring is compressed, increasing the contact pressure between the ring saw and the bone, improving cutting efficiency; while when approaching sensitive tissues such as nerves or blood vessels, the surgeon can reduce the thrust to allow the spring to rebound, reducing the cutting pressure, thereby achieving more precise and safer operational control and improving the accuracy and safety of the surgery. The preload of spring 221 ensures that the telescopic mounting tube 22 maintains its proper extended position when not in operation. During surgery, the elastic restoring force of the spring continuously provides stable axial support for the ring saw, preventing loss of cutting depth due to vibration or changes in operating force during the cutting process. This feature allows surgeons to more accurately control the amount of bone removed, ensuring consistency and repeatability of surgical results.

[0041] In one embodiment, the telescopic mounting tube 22 has a flange 222 on its body extending into the grip handle 20. The grip handle 20 has a hole through which the telescopic mounting tube 22 passes. The flange 222 abuts against the edge of the hole. A support ring 223 is rotatably provided at the end of the telescopic mounting tube 22 extending out of the grip handle 20. The annular surface of the support ring 223 abuts against the end face of the large-sized pipe section of the ring saw 10.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the flange 222 on the telescopic mounting tube 22 abuts against the edge of the opening of the handle 20, forming an effective axial limiting structure to prevent the telescopic mounting tube from completely detaching from the handle under the action of the spring 221. This design ensures the integrity and stability of the instrument structure, avoiding operational interruptions or safety risks caused by the accidental detachment of the telescopic mounting tube during surgery, and providing reliable protection for surgical operations. The support ring 223 is rotatably set at the opening of the telescopic mounting tube 22 and abuts against the end face of the large-sized tube section of the ring saw 10, providing additional radial support for the high-speed rotating ring saw. This design effectively reduces the radial sway and vibration of the ring saw during the cutting process, further improving the stability and accuracy of the cutting, especially when dealing with hard bone or performing deep cuts, helping doctors to more accurately control the cutting path and range. The rotating structure of the support ring 223 changes the friction between the ring saw 10 and the telescopic mounting tube 22 from sliding friction to rolling friction during rotation, greatly reducing the friction and wear of the contact surface. This not only extends the service life of the ring saw and telescopic mounting tube, but also reduces heat and debris generated by friction, lowers the risk of contamination to the surgical area, and improves the safety and reliability of the surgery.

[0043] Specifically, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 To provide rotational support for the drive gear 40, the drive gear 40 is rotatably mounted on the bracket 43 via a support bearing 42. The bracket 43 is fixed inside the grip handle 20. The bracket 43 is provided with a pipe for the insertion section 12 to be introduced. An electromagnetic coil is provided inside the pipe. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the insertion section 12 drives the cutting edge 11 of the ring saw 10 away from the bone cutting position and slides along the pipe.

[0044] In the above embodiments, see Figure 7The insertion section 12 is made of a nickel-iron metal material. When the electromagnetic coil in the pipe located in the support 43 is energized, the insertion section 12 can cause the cutting edge 11 of the ring saw 10 to move away from the bone cutting position and slide along the pipe. Thus, when the current of the DC drive motor 51 suddenly increases, it indicates that the ring saw 10 has contacted the nerve tissue. At this time, the ring saw 10 will automatically stop feeding, and the control console will synchronously energize the electromagnetic coil to make the saw 10 slide, thereby avoiding further damage to the nerve tissue. Therefore, when medical personnel hold this drill bit to perform surgery, they can accurately control it to avoid improper control or deviation in direction, thereby avoiding damage to the nerve root or spinal cord.

[0045] In one embodiment, through holes are provided on both the bracket 43 and the grip handle 20, see reference. Figure 1 The attached diagram is labeled A. One end of the ring saw 10 is connected to A, which facilitates the passage of the expansion positioning guide wire, or for example, the insertion of a medical probe for observation.

[0046] In actual use, from a power transmission perspective, the rectangular insertion hole 41 and the matching section 12 fit tightly together, ensuring that the rotational power of the drive gear 40 is accurately transmitted to the ring saw 10. This allows the cutting edge to operate stably and efficiently, greatly improving cutting efficiency and shortening surgical time. Regarding installation and fixation, this insertion structure forms a stable mechanical connection, effectively preventing circumferential rotation or loosening of the ring saw during high-speed rotation. Even in complex surgical procedures, it provides a strong safety barrier. During assembly, medical staff only need to simply align and insert the ring saw to complete the installation, avoiding the impact of installation deviations on power transmission and cutting effect, and significantly improving the efficiency of preoperative instrument preparation. When maintaining and replacing parts, the insertion structure helps medical staff easily disassemble the ring saw or repair the drive gear, reducing maintenance difficulty and cost, and accelerating the turnover of operating room instruments. During surgical operations, the stable connection structure allows doctors to precisely control the rotation of the ring saw and flexibly adjust the operation. Whether it is fine local cutting or large-scale bone removal, it can significantly improve surgical quality and success rate.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0048] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A minimally invasive endoscopic spinal cannulation annular drill bit, characterized in that, include: The ring saw (10) is tubular in shape and has a cutting blade (11) at one end. The other end of the ring saw (10) is rotatably mounted on the handle (20). One end of the ring saw (10) extends out of the handle (20) and has a tubular structure; A drive mechanism is provided on the grip handle (20) and drives the ring saw (10) to enable the cutting blade (11) to perform rotational cutting on the bone; The speed control pedal (30) is electrically connected to the drive mechanism and is placed on the ground. The opening and closing depth of the speed control pedal (30) controls the driving speed of the drive mechanism driving the ring saw (10).

2. The minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel shaping annular drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring saw (10) and the drive mechanism are detachably connected.

3. The minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel shaping annular drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, A power button (21) is provided on the grip handle (20), which is used to turn the power on and off to the drive mechanism.

4. The minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel-forming annular drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grip handle (20) is provided with a telescopic mounting tube (22), and one end of the ring saw (10) is inserted into the cavity of the telescopic mounting tube (22) and extends into the grip handle (20) to connect with the drive mechanism.

5. The minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel shaping annular drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive gear (40) that meshes with a power gear (50), and the center of the power gear (50) is connected to the output shaft of a DC drive motor (51).

6. The minimally invasive endoscopic channel-forming annular drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive gear (40) has a core with a plug hole (41), which is a rectangular hole. The end of the ring saw (10) has a plug section (12), which is inserted into the plug hole (41). The cross section of the plug section (12) matches the hole shape of the plug hole (41).

7. The minimally invasive endoscopic channel-forming annular drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ring saw (10) is generally in the shape of a stepped tube. The end of the ring saw (10) near the cutting blade (11) is the large end. The small section of the ring saw (10) extends into the telescopic installation tube (22), and the end face of the large section of the ring saw (10) abuts against the end of the telescopic installation tube (22).

8. The minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel shaping annular drill bit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The telescopic mounting tube (22) is slidably mounted on the grip handle (20). A spring (221) is fitted on the tube body of the telescopic mounting tube (22) that extends into the grip handle (20). The two ends of the spring (221) are respectively connected to the tube body of the telescopic mounting tube (22) and the inner wall of the grip handle (20). The telescopic mounting tube (22) is provided with an abutting flange (224) on the inner wall of the grip handle (20). The end face of the insertion section (12) of the telescopic mounting tube (22) abuts against the abutting flange (224).

9. The minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel shaping annular drill bit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The telescopic mounting tube (22) extends into the grip handle (20) and has a flange (222) on its body. The grip handle (20) has a hole through which the telescopic mounting tube (22) passes. The flange (222) abuts against the edge of the hole. A support ring (223) is rotatably provided at the end of the telescopic mounting tube (22) that extends out of the grip handle (20). The ring surface of the support ring (223) abuts against the end face of the large-size pipe section of the ring saw (10).

10. The minimally invasive spinal endoscopic channel-forming annular drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive gear (40) is rotatably mounted on the bracket (43) via the support bearing (42). The bracket (43) is fixed inside the grip handle (20). The bracket (43) is provided with a pipe for the insertion section (12) to be introduced. An electromagnetic coil is provided inside the pipe. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the insertion section (12) drives the cutting edge (11) of the ring saw (10) away from the bone cutting position and slides along the pipe.

Images