Femoral trochlear shaping guide

Abstract

The utility model discloses a femoral trochlea forming guider, include: handle, the positioning hook of starting positioning support function, be used for guiding drill sleeve to grind the drill, button piece. Drill sleeve sliding connection is in handle, and it has the drill channel of grinding drill to set up in it, and button piece is connected in handle to be used for the release or locking drill sleeve after the action under the action of external force. The first end of positioning hook is used for the cartilage surface of top resistance femoral trochlea, and the second end of positioning hook is adjustably connected with handle to adjust the interval between the cartilage surface of limiting femoral trochlea and the outer surface of the drill set up in the drill channel, and then ensure the thickness of joint cartilage to facilitate postoperative healing and avoid the injury of joint cartilage in the femoral trochlea forming process. The guider of the utility model can reduce the operation difficulty and operation risk, and the interval between the outer surface of the drill and the cartilage surface of femoral trochlea can be adjusted according to the specific condition of the patient, and then the adaptation range of the guider is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular, to a femoral trochlea forming guide. Background Technology

[0002] Patellar dislocation is a common knee joint disorder in surgical clinical treatment. The most common cause of patellar dislocation is bony structural abnormalities, such as femoral trochlear dysplasia. Femoral trochlear dysplasia refers to a condition where the femoral trochlea does not develop into a normal concave structure that fits with the patella, but instead becomes flat or even convex. Femoral trochlear dysplasia significantly reduces the lateral stability of the patella.

[0003] Currently, trochleoplasty is one of the effective methods for treating femoral trochlear dysplasia. During the surgery, a portion of bone tissue is removed under the articular cartilage using a drill to create a new concave structure. When using the drill, the surgeon should maintain a distance of 3-5 mm between the drill head and the trochlear cartilage surface (this distance can be adjusted depending on the patient's specific situation) to ensure sufficient subchondral bone thickness for better healing and to avoid damaging the cartilage during the shaping process. Because controlling the distance between the drill head and the trochlear cartilage surface during the drilling process relies entirely on the surgeon's experience, the procedure is considered difficult and carries high risks.

[0004] In existing technologies, such as Figure 1 As shown, patent CN202397549U discloses a medical surgical femoral trochlea guide, including a guide arm 11, a guide 17, a fixing sleeve 12, and a first fixing screw 13, a second fixing screw 14, and a third fixing screw 15. The hook-shaped slender rod guide arm 11 is inserted into the transverse through hole at the top of the cylindrical fixing sleeve 12. The first fixing screw 13 fixes the guide arm 11 vertically downward from the top of the fixing sleeve 12. The fixing sleeve 12, with a semi-circular cross-section at the bottom, is inserted into the circular hole vertically downward at the center of the top of the rectangular guide 17, so that the fixing sleeve 12 overlaps and rests on the top plane of the guide 17. The main body of the guide arm 11 cooperates with the through groove on the top plane of the guide 17. The second fixing screw 14 fixes the fixing sleeve 12 through the screw hole at the top of the guide 17. The lower part of the guide 17 is provided with a transverse circular through hole 16 for installing a drill sleeve.

[0005] However, the distance between the arc-shaped tip of the guide arm 11 and the drill cannot be adjusted. In other words, the distance between the drill head and the femoral trochlear cartilage surface cannot be adjusted according to the specific condition of the patient. In addition, when it is necessary to adjust the extension length of the drill sleeve, the third fixing screw 15 needs to be loosened and tightened, which is inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention provides a femoral trochlea molding guide to solve the technical problem of existing guides that cannot adjust the distance between the drill bit and the femoral trochlea cartilage surface according to different patient conditions.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A femoral trochlea forming guide includes: a handle for human hand gripping and operation, a positioning hook for positioning and support, a drill sleeve for guiding a drill for grinding the subchondral bone tissue of the femoral trochlea, and a button; the drill sleeve is slidably connected to the handle and has a drill channel for the drill to pass through; the button is connected to the handle for releasing or locking the drill sleeve after being activated by external force; the first end of the positioning hook is used to abut against the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea, and the second end of the positioning hook is adjustablely connected to the handle to adjust the distance between the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea and the outer surface of the drill passing through the drill channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning hook includes an arc-shaped segment and a straight segment that intersect at an angle; the arc-shaped segment is curved, and its free end is used to abut against the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea; the straight segment is straight, slides with the handle, and is fixed to the handle by a fixing screw.

[0010] Furthermore, the first side of the handle is provided with a recessed groove that extends through the handle at one end along its length; the straight section of the positioning hook is slidably inserted into the groove through the groove; the second side of the handle is provided with a threaded hole that is vertical and connected to the groove, and the fixing screw passes through the threaded hole on the second side of the handle and then abuts against the straight section of the positioning hook.

[0011] Furthermore, the first side of the handle is provided with scale lines that are spaced apart sequentially along the length of the slide groove; the straight section of the positioning hook is provided with directional marks for pointing to the scale lines.

[0012] Furthermore, the free end of the arc segment is machined into a drum shape with a smooth transition of ridges to avoid damaging the cartilage surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the first side of the handle is provided with a recessed drill sleeve channel that extends through both ends of the handle along its length. The drill sleeve slides through the drill sleeve channel, and the outer wall of the drill sleeve is provided with multiple slots spaced apart along its length. The button is elastically hinged to the handle, and its end is inserted into the corresponding slot to limit the drill sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the button component includes a button, a pin, and a spring; the middle part of the button is hinged to the handle via the pin; the spring is connected between the handle and the first end of the button, and the second end of the button is used to be inserted into the corresponding slot on the drill sleeve under the elastic force of the spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the end face of the handle is provided with a recessed mounting groove, one end of the bottom of the mounting groove is recessed to form a limiting port, and the other end of the bottom of the groove is provided with a through port connecting to the drill bushing channel; the button includes a button body installed in the mounting groove, and positioning pins and positioning claws connected to both ends of the button body. The button body is hinged to the handle by a pin passing through its middle, and the positioning claws are engaged in the corresponding slots of the drill bushing through the through port; the spring is installed on the positioning pin, and its two ends are respectively connected to the limiting port and the button body.

[0016] Furthermore, the chuck includes a guide surface and an inwardly inclined surface that are arranged opposite to each other; the guide surface is inclined along the direction in which the positioning claw engages, so as to guide the positioning claw to engage or disengage from the chuck; the inwardly inclined surface extends inclinedly toward the drilling direction of the drill, so as to form a concave inner hook between itself and the bottom surface of the chuck, so as to prevent the positioning claw from vibrating and disengaging from the chuck.

[0017] Furthermore, the drill sleeve has outwardly protruding, tooth-shaped protrusions on its top end near the cartilage surface.

[0018] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] When performing femoral trochlear shaping using the femoral trochlear shaping guide of this invention, the distance between the outer surface of the drill and the femoral trochlear cartilage surface is controllable due to the cooperation of the drill sleeve and the positioning hook, thereby reducing the difficulty and risk of surgery. At the same time, since the positioning hook and the handle are adjustable in this new guide, the distance between the outer surface of the drill and the femoral trochlear cartilage surface can be adjusted according to the specific situation of the patient, improving the adaptability of the guide and better meeting the needs of different patients.

[0020] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of an existing guide;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the femoral trochlea forming guide according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial sectional view of the main structural diagram;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the middle handle;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the intermediate drill sleeve;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the positioning hook;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the spatial structure of the button in the middle.

[0029] Legend:

[0030] 11. Guide arm; 12. Fixing sleeve; 13. First fixing screw; 14. Second fixing screw; 15. Third fixing screw; 16. Horizontal circular through hole; 17. Guide;

[0031] 2. Handle; 201. Slide groove; 202. Scale line; 203. Drill bushing channel; 204. Mounting groove; 205. Limiting port; 206. Through port;

[0032] 3. Positioning hook; 301. Pointer mark; 31. Arc segment; 32. Straight segment;

[0033] 4. Drill bushing; 401. Drill grinding channel; 402. Bayonet; 4021. Guide surface; 4022. Inward inclined surface; 403. Toothed protrusion;

[0034] 5. Button component; 51. Button; 511. Button body; 512. Positioning pin; 513. Positioning claw; 52. Pin; 53. Spring; 6. Fixing screw. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0036] Reference Figure 2-3A preferred embodiment of this utility model provides a femoral trochlea shaping guide, comprising: a handle 2 for hand gripping and operation, a positioning hook 3 for positioning and support, a drill sleeve 4 for guiding a drill used to grind the subchondral bone tissue of the femoral trochlea, and a button 5. The drill sleeve 4 is slidably connected to the handle 2 and has a drill channel 401 for the drill to pass through. The button 5 is connected to the handle 2 for releasing or locking the drill sleeve 4 after being operated under external force. The first end of the positioning hook 3 is used to abut against the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea, and the second end of the positioning hook 3 is adjustablely connected to the handle 2 to adjust the distance between the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea and the outer surface of the drill passing through the drill channel 401, thereby ensuring the thickness of the articular cartilage to facilitate postoperative healing and avoid damage to the articular cartilage during femoral trochlea shaping.

[0037] When using the femoral trochlea forming guide of this utility model for femoral trochlea forming, firstly, adjust the extension length of the positioning hook 3 according to the patient's specific condition (needing to maintain a 3mm or 5mm gap) to ensure that the distance between the grinding head and the femoral trochlea cartilage surface meets the requirements; then, press the button 5 to release the drill sleeve 4, and then manually pull the drill sleeve 4 to move it so that the end of the drill sleeve 4 can be positioned against the patient's femoral trochlea, and after the drill sleeve 4 is extended into place, it can be relocked on the handle 2 by the action of the button 5; finally, grind the bone tissue under the articular cartilage of the femoral trochlea by inserting the grinding drill into the drill sleeve 4 to form the femoral trochlea.

[0038] When performing femoral trochlear shaping using the femoral trochlear shaping guide of this invention, the distance between the outer surface of the drill and the femoral trochlear cartilage surface is controllable due to the cooperation of the drill sleeve 4 and the positioning hook 3, thereby reducing the difficulty and risk of surgery. At the same time, since the positioning hook 3 and the handle 2 are adjustable in this new guide, the distance between the outer surface of the drill and the femoral trochlear cartilage surface can be adjusted according to the specific condition of the patient, improving the adaptability of the guide and better meeting the needs of different patients.

[0039] Optionally, such as Figure 2-3 and Figure 6 As shown, the positioning hook 3 includes an arc-shaped segment 31 and a straight segment 32 that intersect at an angle. The arc-shaped segment 31 is arc-shaped, and its free end is used to abut against the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea. The straight segment 32 is straight, slidably connected to the handle 2, and fixed to the handle 2 by a fixing screw 6.

[0040] In this optional solution, such as Figures 3-4As shown, the first side of the handle 2 has a recessed groove 201 that extends through the handle 2 at one end along its length. The straight segment 32 of the positioning hook 3 is slidably inserted into the groove 201 through the end of the groove 201 to prevent the straight segment 32 from sliding out from the opening side of the groove 201. The second side of the handle 2 has a threaded hole that is vertical and communicates with the groove 201. The fixing screw 6 passes through the threaded hole on the second side of the handle 2 and then abuts against the straight segment 32 of the positioning hook 3. During operation, first pull the positioning hook 3 to the preset position in the groove 201, and then tighten the fixing screw 6 so that the end of the screw 6 abuts against the straight segment 32 in the groove 201, thereby fixing the positioning hook 3 in the groove 201 of the handle 2.

[0041] Preferably, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first side of the handle 2 is also provided with scale lines 202 that are spaced apart sequentially along the length of the slide groove 201. Figure 6 As shown, the straight segment 32 of the positioning hook 3 is provided with a pointing mark 301 for pointing to the scale line 202. When the pointing mark 301 points to the scale line 202, the distance between the free end of the arc-shaped segment 31 and the outer surface of the drill is displayed through the scale corresponding to the scale line 202. In this preferred embodiment, by cooperating with the scale line 202 and the pointing mark 301, the distance between the femoral trochlear cartilage surface and the outer surface of the drill when the positioning hook 3 is in the current position can be directly displayed, so as to accurately control the distance value and display it intuitively.

[0042] Preferably, such as Figure 6 As shown, the free end of the arc segment 31 is machined into a drum shape with a smooth transition of the ridge line to avoid damaging the cartilage surface when it is pressed against it.

[0043] Optionally, such as Figure 2-5 As shown, the first side of the handle 2 is also provided with a recessed drill sleeve channel 203 that extends through both ends of the handle 2 along its length. The drill sleeve 4 slides through the drill sleeve channel 203, and the outer wall of the drill sleeve 4 is also provided with a plurality of slots 402 arranged at intervals along its length. The button 5 is elastically hinged to the handle 2, and its end is engaged in the corresponding slot 402 to limit the drill sleeve 4.

[0044] In this optional solution, such as Figure 3As shown, the button component 5 includes a button 51, a pin 52, and a spring 53. The middle part of the button 51 is hinged to the handle 2 via the pin 52. The spring 53 connects the handle 2 and the first end of the button 51. The second end of the button 51 is used to be inserted into the corresponding slot 402 on the drill sleeve 4 under the elastic force of the spring 53. When the first end of the button 51 is pressed, the second end of the button 51 will tilt upwards to disengage from the slot 402 due to the lever principle. At this time, the extension length of the drill sleeve 4 can be manually adjusted, and the spring 53 is compressed. When the button 51 is released, the spring 53 returns to its original position, causing the first end of the button 51 to tilt forward, which in turn causes the second end of the button 51 to be inserted downwards into the corresponding slot 402 on the drill sleeve 4, thereby fixing the position of the drill sleeve 4 in the drill sleeve channel 203.

[0045] In specific embodiments of this optional solution, such as Figure 4 As shown, the end face of the handle 2 is provided with a recessed mounting groove 204. One end of the bottom of the mounting groove 204 is recessed to form a limiting opening 205, and the other end of the bottom of the groove is provided with an opening 206 connecting to the drill sleeve channel 203. Figure 7 As shown, button 51 includes a button body 511 installed in mounting groove 204, and positioning pins 512 and positioning claws 513 connected to both ends of button body 511. Button body 511 is hinged to handle 2 via pin 52 passing through its middle portion. Positioning claws 513 are engaged in corresponding slots 402 of drill sleeve 4 through through port 206. Spring 53 is installed on positioning pin 512, and its two ends are respectively connected to limiting port 205 and button body 511.

[0046] Preferably, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the chuck 402 includes a guide surface 4021 and an inwardly inclined surface 4022 disposed opposite to each other. The guide surface 4021 is inclined along the engagement direction of the positioning claw 513 to guide the positioning claw 513 into or out of the chuck 402, thereby avoiding interference between the positioning claw 513 and the drill sleeve 4. The inwardly inclined surface 4022 extends inclinedly towards the drilling direction of the drill bit, forming a concave inner hook between itself and the bottom surface of the chuck 402 to prevent the positioning claw 513 from vibrating and dislodging from the chuck 402.

[0047] Preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, the drill sleeve 4 has a toothed protrusion 403 on the top end near the cartilage surface to improve the stability of the drill sleeve 4 when it abuts against the femoral trochlea.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A femoral trochlea forming guide, characterized in that, include: Handle for human hand to hold and operate (2), positioning hook (3) for positioning and support, drill sleeve (4) for guiding the grinding drill for grinding the subchondral bone tissue of the femoral trochlear joint, and button (5). The drill sleeve (4) is slidably connected to the handle (2), and has a grinding channel (401) for the grinding drill to pass through. The button (5) is connected to the handle (2) for releasing or locking the drill sleeve (4) after being activated by external force. The first end of the positioning hook (3) is used to abut against the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea, and the second end of the positioning hook (3) is adjustablely connected to the handle (2) to adjust the distance between the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea and the outer surface of the drill passing through the drill channel (401).

2. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning hook (3) includes an arc segment (31) and a straight segment (32) that intersect at an angle; The arc segment (31) is arc-shaped, and its free end is used to abut against the cartilage surface of the femoral trochlea; The straight segment (32) is straight and is slidably connected to the handle (2), and is fixed to the handle (2) by a fixing screw (6).

3. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first side of the handle (2) is provided with a recessed groove (201) that extends through the handle (2) at one end along the length direction; The straight segment (32) of the positioning hook (3) is slidably inserted into the slide groove (201) through the through end of the slide groove (201); The second side of the handle (2) is provided with a threaded hole that is vertical and connected to the slide groove (201). The fixing screw (6) passes through the threaded hole on the second side of the handle (2) and then abuts against the straight section (32) of the positioning hook (3).

4. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first side of the handle (2) is also provided with scale lines (202) that are arranged at intervals along the length of the slide groove (201); The straight segment (32) of the positioning hook (3) is provided with a pointing mark (301) for pointing to the scale line (202).

5. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 2, characterized in that, The free end of the arc segment (31) is processed into a drum shape with a smooth transition of the ridge line to avoid damaging the cartilage surface.

6. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first side of the handle (2) is also provided with a recessed drill sleeve channel (203) that runs through the handle (2) at both ends along the length direction. The drill sleeve (4) slides through the drill sleeve channel (203), and the outer wall of the drill sleeve (4) is also provided with a plurality of slots (402) arranged sequentially along its length direction. The button (5) is elastically hinged to the handle (2), and its end is inserted into the corresponding bayonet (402) to limit the drill sleeve (4).

7. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 6, characterized in that, The button component (5) includes a button (51), a pin (52), and a spring (53); The middle part of the button (51) is hinged to the handle (2) by a pin (52); The spring (53) is connected between the handle (2) and the first end of the button (51), and the second end of the button (51) is used to be inserted into the corresponding slot (402) on the drill sleeve (4) under the elastic force of the spring (53).

8. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end face of the handle (2) is provided with a recessed mounting groove (204). One end of the bottom of the mounting groove (204) is recessed to form a limiting opening (205), and the other end of the bottom of the groove is provided with a through opening (206) that connects to the drill sleeve channel (203). The button (51) includes a button body (511) installed in the mounting groove (204), and positioning pins (512) and positioning claws (513) connected to both ends of the button body (511). The button body (511) is hinged to the handle (2) through a pin (52) passing through its middle part. The positioning claws (513) are inserted into the corresponding slots (402) of the drill sleeve (4) through the through-hole (206). The spring (53) is mounted on the positioning post (512), and its two ends are connected to the limiting port (205) and the button body (511) respectively.

9. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bayonet (402) includes a guide surface (4021) and an inwardly inclined surface (4022) that are arranged opposite to each other; The guide surface (4021) is inclined along the snap-in direction of the positioning claw (513) to guide the positioning claw (513) to snap into or out of the slot (402); The inclined surface (4022) extends obliquely toward the drilling direction of the drill to form a concave inner hook between it and the bottom surface of the chuck (402) to prevent the positioning claw (513) from vibrating and dislodging from the chuck (402).

10. The femoral trochlea forming guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill sleeve (4) has a toothed protrusion (403) on its top end near the cartilage surface.

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