Multistage filtering structure of modular gold pickling reaction kettle

Abstract

A multi-stage filtering structure of a modular gold pickling reaction kettle, comprising: a base body, an internal cavity is formed in the base body; a stirring mechanism is fixedly connected to the base body and located in the cavity, the stirring mechanism comprises a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the base body and extending in a first direction, and a propeller fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft; a filter is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the filter is provided with a first filter layer fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a second filter layer fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and located between the first filter layer and the propeller. Wherein, the rotating shaft is integrally formed with a double-helical flow guide part, the flow guide part passes through the first filter layer and the second filter layer, and the first filter layer and the second filter layer are conical in the first direction as viewed in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the rotating shaft drives the filter to rotate in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of precious metal extraction and processing, and in particular to a multi-stage filtration structure for a modular gold acid washing reactor. Background Technology The gold pickling reactor is a key piece of equipment in hydrometallurgy used to dissolve and purify gold. Its core principle is to use strong acid to oxidize the gold in the gold-containing material to generate soluble chloroauric acid, and then recover high-purity gold through chemical reduction or electrolysis.

[0002] Currently, commercially available gold pickling reactors typically employ multi-layer filter structures. While these structures are used in the solid-liquid separation stage of the gold pickling reactor to filter impurities of varying sizes from the solution layer by layer, they mostly rely on static dead-end filtration. In actual operation, particulate matter tends to accumulate rapidly on the filter surface, forming a dense filter cake layer, ultimately leading to a decrease in filtration efficiency. Furthermore, during operation, a small amount of precious metal may be adsorbed and retained on the filter, and certain areas within the multi-layer filter structure may contain flow dead zones, which can easily accumulate gold-containing solutions, resulting in gold loss.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-stage filtration structure for a modular gold pickling reactor that can prevent the retention of precious metals during the filtration process and effectively improve filtration efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage filtration structure for a modular gold pickling reactor that can prevent the retention of precious metals during the filtration process and effectively improve filtration efficiency.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a multi-stage filtration structure for a modular gold pickling reactor is provided, the structure comprising: The matrix has cavities formed inside; A stirring mechanism is fixedly connected to the base and located in the cavity. The stirring mechanism includes a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the base and extending along a first direction, and a propeller fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft. A filter is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The filter has a first filter layer fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and a second filter layer fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and located between the first filter layer and the propeller. The rotating shaft has an integrally formed double-helix flow guide section that passes through the first filter layer and the second filter layer. When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first filter layer and the second filter layer are arranged in a conical shape along the first direction. The rotating shaft drives the filter to rotate circumferentially along the rotating shaft.

[0006] More preferably, the first filter layer is provided with a plurality of first filter holes, the diameter of which is denoted as R1, and the second filter layer is provided with a plurality of second filter holes, the diameter of which is denoted as R2.

[0007] Even better, The relation is satisfied: R1 > R2.

[0008] More preferably, the base includes an upper shell and a lower shell that engages with the upper shell. The upper housing extends along the first direction, and the lower housing also extends along the first direction.

[0009] More preferably, the matrix further includes: A top cover is fixedly connected to the upper housing, and the top cover is located on the side of the upper housing opposite to the lower housing; The discharge port is fixedly connected to the lower housing and is located on the side of the lower housing opposite to the upper housing.

[0010] More preferably, the top cover, upper shell, lower shell and discharge port are sequentially engaged along the first direction, and form the cavity inside.

[0011] More preferably, the structure further includes: The motor is fixedly connected to the top cover and is located on the side of the top cover away from the upper housing; The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0012] More preferably, the structure further includes: A pressure gauge is fixedly connected to the top cover and connected to the cavity pipeline; The thermometer is fixedly connected to the lower housing and connected to the cavity pipeline.

[0013] More preferably, the material of the substrate is a combination of one or more of Hastelloy, titanium alloy, zirconium alloy, tantalum alloy and stainless steel.

[0014] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: A double-helix flow guide is integrally formed on the rotating shaft, and this flow guide passes through the first and second filter layers. When the rotating shaft rotates, the flow guide creates a vortex within the filter, propelling the liquid towards the bottom of the filter and preventing precious metals from remaining inside. Furthermore, the first and second filter layers are designed to be tapered along the first direction, creating a pressure difference across the filter surface along this direction. This generates a vortex within the filter that moves in the first direction, preventing particulate matter in the liquid from accumulating on the filter surface and forming a filter cake layer, effectively improving the filter's filtration efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the structure described in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 For the Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a cut along the center cutting line AA; Figure 3 For the Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Reference numerals: 100, Structure; 10, Substrate; 11, Upper shell; 12, Lower shell; 13, Top cover; 14, Discharge port; 20, Cavity; 30, Stirring mechanism; 31, Rotating shaft; 31A, Flow guide; 32, Propeller; 40, Filter; 41, First filter layer; 41A, First filter hole; 42, Second filter layer; 42A, Second filter hole; 50, Motor; 60, Pressure gauge; 70, Temperature gauge; F1, First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0018] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3 One embodiment of this application provides a multi-stage filtration structure 100 for a modular gold pickling reactor, the structure 100 including: a substrate 10, a stirring mechanism 30 and a filter 40.

[0021] A cavity 20 is formed inside the substrate 10. A stirring mechanism 30 is fixedly connected to the substrate 10 and located within the cavity 20. The stirring mechanism 30 includes a rotating shaft 31 fixedly connected to the substrate 10 and extending along a first direction F1, and a propeller 32 fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 31. A filter 40 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 31. The filter 40 has a first filter layer 41 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 31 and a second filter layer 42 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 31 and located between the first filter layer 41 and the propeller 32. A double-helix flow guide 31A is integrally formed on the rotating shaft 31. The flow guide 31A passes through the first filter layer 41 and the second filter layer 42. Viewed along a direction perpendicular to the first direction F1, the first filter layer and the second filter layer are conical along the first direction F1. The rotating shaft 31 drives the filter 40 to rotate circumferentially along the rotating shaft 31.

[0022] The synergistic effect of the double-helix guide section 31A and the rotating conical filter layer forms a dynamic filtration mechanism. When the rotating shaft 31 drives the first filter layer 41 and the second filter layer 42 to rotate, the double-helix guide section 31A generates directional vortices in the filter 40. These vortices, on the one hand, propel the gold-containing solution towards the bottom of the filter 40, preventing the precious metal from remaining on the filter layer surface. On the other hand, the shear force generated by the vortex effectively strips particles attached to the edge of the filter pores, preventing the formation of a filter cake layer. The conical filter layer optimizes the filtration path through a gradual pressure difference design. As the solution flows along the conical surface, the filtration area decreases, keeping the pressure difference stable. This avoids the sudden increase in pressure difference at the end of a traditional cylindrical filter screen and uses centrifugal force to classify and enrich particles of different sizes. The integrated motion design significantly improves system reliability. The rigid connection between the filter layer and the rotating shaft 31 ensures rotational synchronization and meets the mechanical strength requirements for high-speed rotation.

[0023] More preferably, the first filter layer 41 is provided with a plurality of first filter holes 41A, the diameter of the first filter holes 41A is denoted as R1, and the second filter layer 42 is provided with a plurality of second filter holes 42A, the diameter of the second filter holes 42A is denoted as R2.

[0024] Even better, The relation is satisfied: R1 > R2.

[0025] The gradient pore size design in filter 40, with R1 > R2, is based on a dual optimization consideration of fluid dynamics and precious metal recovery efficiency. When the gold-containing pickling solution passes through the rotating conical filtration system, the larger pore size R1 of the first filter layer 41 first intercepts coarse particles larger than 100 μm, such as undissolved metal debris and silicates. At this point, the large particles are thrown towards the edge of the filter layer under centrifugal force and the double-helix guiding action, reducing the impact load on subsequent filter layers through mechanical separation. This staged filtration strategy can reduce the formation rate of the filter cake layer. The smaller pore size R2 of the second filter layer 42 is responsible for intercepting fine particles of 10-100 μm, such as silver chloride precipitate and colloidal gold agglomerates. The gradient pore size design creates a two-stage barrier effect: the pre-filtration of the first filter layer 41 avoids rapid clogging of the pores of the second filter layer 42, while the precise pore size of the second filter layer 42 can efficiently capture precious metal particles. This design not only improves the gold recovery rate, but more importantly, this structure allows impurities of different particle sizes to be enriched in layers during rotation, enabling the targeted recovery of precious metals.

[0026] More preferably, the base 10 includes an upper housing 11 and a lower housing 12 that engages with the upper housing 11. The upper housing 11 extends along the first direction F1, and the lower housing 12 also extends along the first direction F1.

[0027] This design employs a split-type snap-fit ​​shell structure 100, which enables modular and rapid assembly and disassembly of the reactor. During maintenance, the lower shell 12 can be removed separately to clean the filter residue without disassembling the stirring mechanism 30, saving downtime compared to traditional welded reactor bodies. The axially extending snap-fit ​​surface, through a double-seal design of rubber O-rings and metal spiral wound gaskets, can withstand a certain degree of working pressure while preventing acid leakage. The coaxial extension of the upper and lower shells 12 ensures the concentricity of the filter layer, significantly reducing vibration wear during rotary filtration. Furthermore, this structure 100 is particularly suitable for highly corrosive environments requiring frequent filter media replacement.

[0028] More preferably, the substrate 10 further includes a top cover 13 and a discharge port 14.

[0029] The top cover 13 is fixedly connected to the upper housing 11, and the top cover 13 is located on the side of the upper housing 11 opposite to the lower housing 12. The discharge port 14 is fixedly connected to the lower housing 12, and the discharge port 14 is located on the side of the lower housing 12 opposite to the upper housing 11.

[0030] In this design, the top cover 13 and the discharge port 14 are respectively located at both ends of the shell. The top cover 13, located at the top of the upper shell 11, forms a sealed pressure environment, facilitating the integration of the motor 50 drive assembly and the pressure gauge 60, while ensuring the stability of the vertical transmission of the stirring shaft. The discharge port 14, located at the bottom of the lower shell 12, utilizes the principle of gravity self-discharge, allowing the filtered precious metal solution and residues to be discharged in layers according to their density differences. For example, high-density gold-containing solutions preferentially flow out from the bottom discharge port 14, while lighter impurities float on the surface for easy separation. This layout improves solution discharge efficiency and avoids the flow dead zones caused by traditional side discharge.

[0031] More preferably, the top cover 13, the upper shell 11, the lower shell 12 and the discharge port 14 are sequentially engaged along the first direction F1, and form the cavity 20 inside.

[0032] The linear pressure vessel architecture arranges all pressure-bearing components linearly along the first direction F1, meeting the stress distribution requirements of high-pressure vessels. The stepped sealing system allows for differentiated seals at adjacent contact surfaces; for example, a metal C-ring is used between the top cover 13 and the upper shell 11, an expanded graphite gasket is used between the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12, and a PTFE-coated O-ring is provided between the lower shell 12 and the outlet 14, achieving zero leakage under all operating conditions. Furthermore, the coaxial cavity 20 flow channel ensures coordinated stirring, filtration, and discharge, reducing the fluid resistance coefficient and saving energy in the reactor.

[0033] More preferably, the structure 100 further includes a motor 50.

[0034] The motor 50 is fixedly connected to the top cover 13 and is located on the side of the top cover 13 opposite to the upper housing 11. The output shaft of the motor 50 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 31 to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate.

[0035] In this design, the motor 50 is externally positioned above the top cover 13, employing a vertical top-drive transmission layout to completely isolate the motor 50 from the interior of the reactor. This prevents acid mist from corroding the motor 50 windings and ensures transmission stability through axial gravity loading. The rigid coupling between the motor 50 output shaft and the rotating shaft 31 improves the efficiency of kinetic energy transmission and can meet the low-speed, high-torque requirements of the conical filter 40. The double-layer heat-insulating cavity filled with ceramic fiber cotton in the top cover 13 is used to control the operating temperature of the motor 50 within its operating temperature range, extending the bearing life compared to a side-mounted motor 50 design.

[0036] More preferably, the structure 100 further includes a pressure gauge 60 and a temperature gauge 70.

[0037] The pressure gauge 60 is fixedly connected to the top cover 13 and is connected to the cavity 20 via a pipeline. The temperature gauge 70 is fixedly connected to the lower housing 12 and is connected to the cavity 20 via a pipeline.

[0038] The pressure gauge 60 is integrated into the top cover 13, enabling direct detection of the gas phase pressure in the upper part of the filtration system. Its installation position is above the vortex generation zone of the guide section 31A, allowing real-time feedback of pressure difference changes between filter layers. The pressure sensing pipeline uses a Hastelloy C276 capillary tube running through the top cover 13, avoiding aqua regia corrosion while ensuring a certain response speed. The temperature gauge 70 is located on the side wall of the lower housing 12, with its platinum resistance probe inserted into the cavity 20. The measurement point is positioned at the transition zone between the high-speed stirring zone and the sedimentation zone to accurately capture the actual temperature of the reaction liquid. When the temperature exceeds the limit or the pressure is abnormal, the system can immediately activate a three-level interlock protection system involving pump shutdown, pressure relief, and nitrogen purging.

[0039] More preferably, the material of the substrate 10 is a combination of one or more of Hastelloy, titanium alloy, zirconium alloy, tantalum alloy and stainless steel.

[0040] Hastelloy is a nickel-based superalloy with excellent resistance to strong acid corrosion, especially in high-temperature aqua regia, hydrochloric acid, and chlorine systems. Its high molybdenum and chromium content gives it excellent resistance to pitting and stress corrosion cracking. Hastelloy is suitable for high-concentration, high-temperature pickling environments, such as electronic waste dissolution. Titanium alloys have a dense oxide film on their surface that makes them resistant to hydrochloric acid and aqua regia corrosion, but hydrogen embrittlement may occur in high-temperature concentrated hydrochloric acid. They are suitable for medium-acidity or low-temperature conditions, such as jewelry waste recycling. Zirconium alloys have all-around corrosion resistance; their surface has a passivation film that greatly enhances corrosion resistance and makes them immune to chloride stress corrosion. However, their extremely high cost limits their use to some high-profit, critical equipment. Tantalum's perfect corrosion resistance makes it a choice for laboratory-grade equipment, but its poor ductility and high price make it unsuitable for industrial applications. Stainless steel also has a corrosion-resistant passivation film on its surface, but it corrodes rapidly in aqua regia, therefore it is only suitable for non-critical auxiliary equipment such as low-pressure or weak acid pretreatment.

[0041] Therefore, a double-helix flow guide 31A is integrally formed on the rotating shaft 31. This flow guide 31A passes through the first filter layer 41 and the second filter layer 42, causing the flow guide 31A to form a vortex in the filter 40 when the rotating shaft 31 rotates. This vortex propels the liquid towards the bottom of the filter 40, preventing precious metals from remaining inside the filter 40. Furthermore, the first and second filter layers are designed to be conical along the first direction F1, creating a pressure difference across the filter surface of the filter 40 along the first direction F1. This generates a vortex within the filter 40 that moves in the first direction F1, preventing particulate matter in the liquid from accumulating on the filter surface and forming a filter cake layer, effectively improving the filtration efficiency of the filter 40.

[0042] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage filtration structure for a modular gold pickling reactor, characterized in that, The structure includes: The matrix has cavities formed inside; A stirring mechanism is fixedly connected to the base and located in the cavity. The stirring mechanism includes a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the base and extending along a first direction, and a propeller fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft. A filter is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The filter has a first filter layer fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and a second filter layer fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and located between the first filter layer and the propeller. The rotating shaft has an integrally formed double-helix flow guide section that passes through the first filter layer and the second filter layer. When viewed from a direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first filter layer and the second filter layer are arranged in a conical shape along the first direction. The rotating shaft drives the filter to rotate circumferentially along the rotating shaft.

2. The multi-stage filtration structure of the modular gold pickling reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter layer is provided with a plurality of first filter holes, the diameter of which is denoted as R1. The second filter layer is provided with a plurality of second filter holes, the diameter of which is denoted as R2.

3. The multi-stage filtration structure of the modular gold pickling reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The relation is satisfied: R1 > R2.

4. The multi-stage filtration structure of a modular gold pickling reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes an upper shell and a lower shell that is engaged with the upper shell. The upper housing extends along the first direction, and the lower housing also extends along the first direction.

5. The multi-stage filtration structure of a modular gold pickling reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The matrix also includes: A top cover is fixedly connected to the upper housing, and the top cover is located on the side of the upper housing opposite to the lower housing; The discharge port is fixedly connected to the lower housing and is located on the side of the lower housing opposite to the upper housing.

6. The multi-stage filtration structure of a modular gold pickling reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top cover, upper shell, lower shell and discharge port are sequentially engaged along the first direction, forming the cavity inside.

7. The multi-stage filtration structure of a modular gold pickling reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The structure also includes: The motor is fixedly connected to the top cover and is located on the side of the top cover away from the upper housing; The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

8. The multi-stage filtration structure of a modular gold pickling reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The structure also includes: A pressure gauge is fixedly connected to the top cover and connected to the cavity pipeline; The thermometer is fixedly connected to the lower housing and connected to the cavity pipeline.

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