A conical flow guide anti-bridging structure of a pulse cloth bag dust collector ash bucket

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of conical flow guide anti-bridging structure of pulse cloth bag dust collector ash bucket belongs to dust removal equipment technical field, this pulse cloth bag dust collector ash bucket conical flow guide anti-bridging structure includes conical flow guide plate, reinforcing rib plate and arch breaking vibration block, conical flow guide plate is arranged in ash bucket interior, conical flow guide plate is inverted cone platform shape, the included angle of the taper surface of conical flow guide plate and vertical direction is 55 °~65 °, reinforcing rib plate is arranged in the outer surface of conical flow guide plate, one end of reinforcing rib plate is welded in the upper end edge of conical flow guide plate, the other end of reinforcing rib plate is welded in the lower end edge of conical flow guide plate, arch breaking vibration block is fixed in the outer surface of conical flow guide plate;The utility model can solve the problem that the inner wall smoothness of ash bucket is insufficient and lacks effective flow guide and arch breaking mechanism in prior art, when treating dust with greater viscosity or higher moisture content, bridge problem is more serious, affecting production continuity and dust removal efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of dust removal equipment, specifically, it relates to a conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure for the ash hopper of a pulse bag dust collector. Background Technology

[0002] Pulse jet baghouse dust collectors, as a highly efficient dust removal device, are widely used in dust control in industries such as cement, steel, chemical, and grain processing. When the dust collector is working, the dust-laden gas passes through the filter bags, and the dust is trapped on the surface of the filter bags. The dust on the filter bags is periodically removed by the pulse jet cleaning system. The removed dust falls into the ash hopper at the bottom of the dust collector under gravity and is then discharged through the ash discharge port at the bottom of the ash hopper. However, in actual operation, the ash hopper often experiences dust bridging and clogging, especially when dealing with highly viscous dust. Due to electrostatic adsorption, capillary action, and intermolecular forces, dust particles easily stick together, forming an arch bridge structure on the conical inner wall of the ash hopper. A cavity is formed below the arch bridge, while dust continues to accumulate above the arch bridge, ultimately preventing the dust in the ash hopper from being discharged normally.

[0003] Existing technologies for solving the dust bridging problem mainly employ methods such as increasing the dust hopper cone angle, installing vibrators, and setting up air cannons. While increasing the dust hopper cone angle can reduce the friction between dust and the inner wall, it also increases the overall height and floor space of the dust hopper. External vibrators can generate vibration, but the energy transfer to the inside of the dust hopper is inefficient and they are prone to damage. Air cannons can generate instantaneous impact force, but they require an additional compressed air system and have a limited impact range. Therefore, these methods are not ideal in practical applications and increase the complexity of the equipment and operating costs. Thus, existing technologies lack a simple structure to fundamentally solve the dust bridging problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure for the dust hopper of a pulse bag dust collector, which can solve the problem that the existing technology has insufficient smoothness of the inner wall of the dust hopper and lacks an effective flow guiding and anti-bridging mechanism, which leads to more serious bridging problems when dealing with dust with high viscosity or high moisture content, thus affecting the continuity of production and dust removal efficiency.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a conical guide anti-bridging structure for the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter, comprising a conical guide plate, reinforcing ribs, and an anti-bridging vibrating block. The conical guide plate is disposed inside the ash hopper and is shaped like an inverted frustum. The diameter of the upper end of the conical guide plate is larger than the diameter of the lower end. The angle between the conical surface of the conical guide plate and the vertical direction is 55°~65°. The lower end of the conical guide plate is coaxially arranged with the ash discharge port of the ash hopper. The reinforcing ribs are disposed on the outer surface of the conical guide plate and are arranged along the generatrix direction of the conical guide plate. One end of the reinforcing ribs is welded to the upper edge of the conical guide plate, and the other end of the reinforcing ribs is welded to the lower edge of the conical guide plate. The anti-bridging vibrating block is fixed on the outer surface of the conical guide plate and is located in the annular space formed between the conical guide plate and the inner wall of the ash hopper. The anti-bridging vibrating block is connected to the reinforcing ribs by bolts.

[0007] The technical effects of the conical guide anti-bridging structure of the dust hopper of the pulse bag filter provided by this utility model are as follows: By setting the conical guide plate into the shape of an inverted truncated cone and making its conical surface form an angle of 55°~65° with the vertical direction, the dust naturally slides down along the conical surface under the action of gravity, avoiding the accumulation of dust in the dust hopper and forming a bridging phenomenon. The reinforcing ribs are arranged along the generatrix direction of the conical guide plate to enhance the structural strength of the conical guide plate and prevent the conical guide plate from deforming under the action of dust impact and its own weight. The arch-breaking vibration block is fixed to the reinforcing ribs by bolts and is located in the annular space. When the pulse airflow impacts, the arch-breaking vibration block vibrates and destroys the formed dust arch bridge, ensuring that the dust is discharged smoothly.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of the pulse bag dust collector of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0009] The ratio of the upper port diameter of the conical guide plate to the inner wall diameter of the ash hopper is 0.6 to 0.8.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by controlling the ratio of the upper port diameter of the conical guide plate to the inner wall diameter of the ash hopper within the range of 0.6 to 0.8, it is ensured that the conical guide plate can receive most of the dust falling into the ash hopper, and sufficient annular space is left between the conical guide plate and the inner wall of the ash hopper for the setting and vibration of the arch-breaking vibrating block. At the same time, this ratio range ensures that the dust flow path on the conical guide plate is moderate, avoiding dust raising due to excessively fast dust flow or accumulation due to excessively slow flow.

[0011] Furthermore, 6 to 8 reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed circumferentially along the outer surface of the conical guide plate, and the included angle between two adjacent reinforcing ribs is equal.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by evenly distributing 6 to 8 reinforcing ribs along the outer surface of the conical guide plate and ensuring that the included angle between adjacent reinforcing ribs is equal, the conical guide plate obtains balanced support force in all directions, avoiding the conical guide plate from denting and deforming in local positions due to insufficient support. At the same time, the evenly distributed reinforcing ribs provide multiple installation positions for the arch-breaking vibration block, enabling the vibration to be evenly transmitted to the entire conical surface of the conical guide plate, thereby improving the arch-breaking efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the reinforcing ribs are triangular plate-shaped structures, and the bottom edge of the reinforcing ribs is welded to the outer surface of the conical guide plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by designing the reinforcing rib as a triangular plate structure and welding its bottom edge to the outer surface of the conical guide plate, the triangular structure can effectively resist the radial and axial deformation of the conical guide plate when bearing the weight of dust. The geometric stability of the triangle allows the reinforcing rib to provide greater support stiffness with a smaller self-weight. The bottom edge welding method increases the contact area between the reinforcing rib and the conical guide plate, making the load transfer more uniform and reliable.

[0015] Furthermore, the height of the reinforcing rib gradually decreases along the generatrix of the conical guide plate, and the height of the reinforcing rib at the upper end of the conical guide plate is greater than its height at the lower end.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by gradually reducing the height of the reinforcing rib along the generatrix of the conical guide plate, with the upper end being higher than the lower end, this gradient change is adapted to the actual stress situation where the upper end of the conical guide plate bears a greater impact force from dust while the lower end mainly bears its own weight. Under the premise of ensuring structural strength, the overall weight of the reinforcing rib is reduced, and the load-bearing burden at the lower end of the conical guide plate is reduced. At the same time, the gradient design makes the shape of the reinforcing rib more streamlined and reduces the retention of dust near the reinforcing rib.

[0017] Furthermore, the arch-breaking vibrating block is rectangular in shape, with its length direction parallel to the length direction of the reinforcing rib, and is positioned in the middle of the reinforcing rib.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: by designing the arch-breaking vibration block into a cuboid shape and making its length direction parallel to the length direction of the reinforcing rib and setting it in the middle position of the reinforcing rib, the cuboid structure of the arch-breaking vibration block is easy to be firmly installed on the reinforcing rib by bolts. The middle position makes the distance between the arch-breaking vibration block and the conical surface of the conical guide plate more even. The vibration energy can be effectively transferred along the reinforcing rib to the upper and lower ends of the conical guide plate, so that the entire conical surface can obtain the vibration arch-breaking effect and avoid the generation of vibration dead angles.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block is provided with multiple protrusions, which are distributed in a hemispherical shape on the outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block, with the spherical surface of the protrusions facing the inner wall of the ash hopper.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: By setting multiple hemispherical protrusions on the outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block with the spherical surface facing the inner wall of the ash hopper, these protrusions can disturb the surrounding dust when the arch-breaking vibrating block vibrates. The curved surface structure of the hemispherical protrusions causes the dust to roll and disperse when it comes into contact with the protrusions, effectively destroying the adhesion and friction between dust particles, preventing dust from adhering and accumulating on the surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block. At the same time, the protrusions increase the effective range of the arch-breaking vibrating block, allowing the vibration arch-breaking effect to extend to a larger space.

[0021] Furthermore, the conical guide vane is made of stainless steel plate, the reinforcing ribs are made of carbon steel plate, and the arch-breaking vibrating block is made of cast iron.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: By using stainless steel plates to manufacture the conical guide plate, the stainless steel material has good corrosion resistance and smooth surface characteristics, which can resist the erosion of corrosive substances such as acids and alkalis that may be contained in the dust. The smooth surface reduces the friction coefficient between the dust and the cone surface, promoting the dust to slide off. Using carbon steel plates to manufacture the reinforcing ribs takes into account both structural strength and economy. Using cast iron materials to manufacture the arch-breaking vibration block utilizes the high density of cast iron materials, so that the arch-breaking vibration block has a larger mass in the same volume, and has greater inertia during vibration, resulting in a better arch-breaking effect.

[0023] Furthermore, the lower edge of the conical guide plate extends outward to form a flange structure, which is connected to the ash discharge port of the ash hopper by bolts.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by extending the edge of the lower port of the conical guide plate outward to form a flange structure and connecting it with the ash discharge port of the ash hopper by bolts, the flange connection method forms a reliable seal between the conical guide plate and the ash hopper, preventing dust from leaking from the connection gap. The bolt connection facilitates the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the conical guide plate. The flange structure increases the contact area of ​​the connection part, so that the weight of the conical guide plate and the dust load are evenly distributed on the ash discharge port of the ash hopper, avoiding damage to the connection part due to stress concentration.

[0025] Furthermore, the inner surface of the conical guide plate is smooth and without weld seams, and the welding position between the conical surface of the conical guide plate and the reinforcing rib is located on the outer surface of the conical guide plate.

[0026] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by making the inner surface of the conical guide plate smooth and without weld seams, and setting the welding position of the conical surface and the reinforcing rib plate on the outer surface of the conical guide plate, the absence of weld seams on the inner surface avoids the obstruction of dust flow by weld seam protrusions and prevents dust from accumulating at the weld seam. The welding on the outer surface ensures that the stress and heat-affected zone generated by the welding are located on the non-working surface of the conical guide plate, which does not affect the smooth sliding of dust on the inner surface. At the same time, the welding on the outer surface facilitates weld quality inspection and subsequent maintenance.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the conical guide anti-bridging structure for the dust hopper of a pulse bag filter provided by this utility model are as follows: By setting a conical guide plate in the shape of an inverted truncated cone inside the dust hopper, the conical surface of the guide plate forms a suitable angle of 55°~65° with the vertical direction, allowing dust to slide naturally along the conical surface under the action of gravity, avoiding dust accumulation on the inner wall of the conical dust hopper. The ratio of the diameter of the upper end of the conical guide plate to the diameter of the inner wall of the dust hopper is 0.6~0.8, which can not only receive most of the falling dust, but also leave an annular space around it. Six to eight triangular reinforcing ribs are set on the outer surface of the conical guide plate along the generatrix direction. The reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed circumferentially and their height decreases gradually along the generatrix direction, which not only ensures that the conical guide plate has sufficient structural strength to resist dust impact and self-weight deformation, but also reduces the overall weight through gradient design. A cuboid is set in the middle of the reinforcing ribs. The dust-breaking vibrating block features hemispherical protrusions on its outer surface that vibrate and disturb surrounding dust when impacted by pulsed airflow, effectively breaking up existing dust arches. The conical guide plate is made of stainless steel, offering excellent corrosion resistance and surface smoothness. The reinforcing ribs are made of carbon steel, balancing strength and economy. The vibrating block itself is made of cast iron, leveraging its high density to enhance the dust-breaking effect. The lower end of the conical guide plate is bolted to the ash hopper discharge port via a flange structure, forming a reliable seal. The smooth, weld-free inner surface prevents dust accumulation. This design allows for smoother dust flow within the ash hopper, effectively suppressing bridging and significantly extending the continuous operating time of the dust collector while drastically reducing maintenance frequency. It is suitable for handling various types of dust, especially highly viscous and moist dust, and boasts advantages such as simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, and long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure for the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure for the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure in the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter.

[0032] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0033] 10. Conical guide plate; 11. Reinforcing ribs; 12. Arch-breaking vibrating block; 13. Ash hopper; 14. Ash discharge port; 15. Flange structure. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1-3 The image shows an embodiment of a conical guide anti-bridging structure for a pulse jet bag filter hopper provided by this utility model. In this embodiment, it includes a conical guide plate 10, a reinforcing rib 11, and an anti-bridging vibration block 12. The conical guide plate is disposed inside the hopper 13. The conical guide plate is in the shape of an inverted frustum. The diameter of the upper port of the conical guide plate is larger than the diameter of the lower port. The angle between the conical surface of the conical guide plate and the vertical direction is 55°~65°. The lower port of the conical guide plate is coaxially arranged with the ash discharge port 14 of the hopper. The reinforcing rib is disposed on the outer surface of the conical guide plate. The reinforcing rib is arranged along the generatrix direction of the conical guide plate. One end of the reinforcing rib is welded to the upper edge of the conical guide plate, and the other end of the reinforcing rib is welded to the lower edge of the conical guide plate. The anti-bridging vibration block is fixed on the outer surface of the conical guide plate. The anti-bridging vibration block is located in the annular space formed between the conical guide plate and the inner wall of the hopper. The anti-bridging vibration block is connected to the reinforcing rib by bolts.

[0036] In the above technical solution, the ratio of the upper port diameter of the conical guide plate to the inner wall diameter of the ash hopper is 0.6 to 0.8.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, 6 to 8 reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed circumferentially along the outer surface of the conical guide plate, and the included angle between two adjacent reinforcing ribs is equal.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the reinforcing rib has a triangular plate structure, and the bottom edge of the reinforcing rib is welded to the outer surface of the conical guide plate.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the height of the reinforcing rib gradually decreases along the generatrix direction of the conical guide plate, and the height of the reinforcing rib at the upper end of the conical guide plate is greater than its height at the lower end.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the arch-breaking vibration block is rectangular in shape, the length direction of the arch-breaking vibration block is parallel to the length direction of the reinforcing rib, and the arch-breaking vibration block is located in the middle of the reinforcing rib.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block is provided with multiple protrusions, which are distributed in a hemispherical shape on the outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block, with the spherical surface of the protrusions facing the inner wall of the ash hopper.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the conical guide plate is made of stainless steel plate, the reinforcing rib is made of carbon steel plate, and the arch-breaking vibration block is made of cast iron.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the lower port edge of the conical guide plate extends outward to form a flange structure 15, and the flange structure is connected to the ash discharge port of the ash hopper by bolts.

[0044] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the inner surface of the conical guide plate is smooth and without weld seams, and the welding position between the conical surface of the conical guide plate and the reinforcing rib is located on the outer surface of the conical guide plate.

[0045] The method of using this utility model is as follows: First, align the conical guide plate with the ash discharge port of the ash hopper through the flange structure at its lower end. Use bolts to fix the flange connection to ensure reliable sealing. Check whether the cone angle of the conical guide plate meets the design requirements. Confirm that the reinforcing ribs are firmly welded without cracks. Install the anti-bridging vibration block at the middle position of each reinforcing rib. Use a wrench to tighten the bolts to fix it. Check whether the anti-bridging vibration block is located in the annular space between the conical guide plate and the inner wall of the ash hopper and has appropriate gaps with both sides. Before starting the dust collector, manually turn the ash discharge valve to ensure that the ash discharge port is unobstructed. When the dust collector is running normally, the dust-laden gas is filtered through the filter bags. The pulse cleaning system periodically blows compressed gas to remove the dust accumulated on the filter bags. The removed dust falls under the action of gravity. The dust enters the ash hopper and first contacts the upper port of the conical guide plate. The dust naturally slides down the conical surface of the guide plate and converges at the lower port. The pulsed airflow impacts the arch-breaking vibrating block while cleaning the dust, causing it to vibrate. The vibration is transmitted to the entire conical guide plate through the reinforcing ribs, which promptly breaks up any dust arches that may form. The dust is discharged through the lower port of the conical guide plate and the ash discharge port into the ash unloading device. During operation, the dust discharge situation in the ash hopper should be observed regularly. The bolt tightness of the arch-breaking vibrating block should be checked weekly and retightened if necessary. The conical surface of the guide plate should be checked monthly for wear or adhering substances. If adhering substances are found, they should be cleaned with a soft brush while the machine is stopped. The weld between the reinforcing ribs and the conical guide plate should be checked quarterly for cracks. Any problems should be repaired promptly.

[0046] The following is a specific embodiment 1 of this utility model: applied to the dust removal system of a clinker mill in a cement plant. The dust collector has a processing air volume of 12,000 m³ / h, a hopper diameter of 2,400 mm, and a conical guide plate made of 304 stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 3 mm, rolled and welded into an inverted frustum shape. The upper end of the conical guide plate has a diameter of 1,800 mm, the lower end has a diameter of 400 mm, and the total height of the conical guide plate is 1,600 mm. The angle between the conical surface and the vertical direction is 60°. The lower end of the conical guide plate is coaxially arranged with the ash discharge port of the hopper, and the edge of the lower end extends outward to form a flange structure with a width of 60 mm. Twelve diameters are evenly opened on the flange. The conical guide plate is connected to the ash hopper discharge flange using M16 bolts with 18mm bolt holes. High-temperature resistant gaskets are used between the bolts to ensure a tight seal. Eight reinforcing ribs, cut into triangles from 6mm thick Q235 carbon steel sheet, are evenly distributed circumferentially along the outer surface of the conical guide plate. The angle between adjacent ribs is 45°. The base length of each rib is 1600mm, the same as the generatrix length of the conical guide plate. The height of the rib is 200mm at the top and 80mm at the bottom, decreasing linearly along the generatrix. The base of the rib is welded to the outer surface of the conical guide plate via continuous welds. The outer surface of the conical guide plate is welded using argon arc welding to ensure weld quality. The arch-breaking vibrating blocks are cast from HT200 cast iron, in a rectangular shape, 400 mm long, 100 mm wide, and 80 mm high. Each arch-breaking vibrating block weighs approximately 25 kg. The blocks are fixed to the center of the reinforcing ribs with two M12 bolts. The bolts pass through pre-drilled threaded holes on the blocks and connect to nuts welded to the reinforcing ribs. The outer surface of each block has 12 hemispherical protrusions, each 30 mm in diameter, cast evenly in 3 rows and 4 columns, with the spherical surfaces facing the inner wall of the ash hopper. The gap between the arch-breaking vibrating blocks and the outer surface of the conical guide plate is 1 mm. The dust collector has a 5mm diameter and an 85mm gap from the inner wall of the ash hopper. The inner surface of the conical guide plate is polished to a surface roughness of Ra0.8μm, with no welds or protrusions on the inner surface. All welds are located on the outer surface. After the dust collector is equipped with the conical guide anti-bridging structure, it operates continuously. After the dust is cleaned from the filter bags, it falls into the ash hopper and first contacts the upper port of the conical guide plate. Due to the reasonable design of the conical angle and the smooth inner surface, the dust slides quickly down the conical surface under the action of gravity and converges at the lower port. Eight reinforcing ribs divide the conical surface into eight fan-shaped areas. The dust in each area flows independently and does not interfere with each other. The pulse cleaning system blows once every 90 seconds, and the compressed gas pressure is 0.At 6 MPa, the pulsed airflow impacts the space inside the ash hopper while removing dust from the filter bags. Eight anti-bridging vibrating blocks simultaneously vibrate under the impact of the airflow, with a vibration frequency of approximately 15Hz~25Hz. This vibration is transmitted through reinforcing ribs to the conical guide plate, causing coordinated vibration across the entire conical surface. Even if a small amount of sticky dust attempts to adhere to the conical surface, the vibration can promptly dislodge it. The hemispherical protrusions on the outer surface of the anti-bridging vibrating blocks disturb the dust in the surrounding annular space, preventing dust accumulation. The dust smoothly enters the ash discharge port through the lower end of the conical guide plate and is then continuously discharged through the star-shaped unloader. This dust collector operates stably without dust bridging in the ash hopper, ensuring smooth and continuous ash discharge. The dust collector can operate continuously for extended periods without requiring shutdown for ash hopper cleaning.

[0047] The following is another specific embodiment 2 of this utility model: This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 1, specifically for handling dust with high moisture content. A heating device is added to the inner surface of the conical guide plate. The heating device uses an electric heating tape wrapped around the outer surface of the conical guide plate. The electric heating tape is arranged in a fan-shaped area between the reinforcing ribs. The electric heating tape is a self-regulating electric heating tape, and the working temperature is controlled between 80℃ and 100℃. The electric heating tape is fixed to the outer surface of the conical guide plate by a high-temperature resistant silicone tape. The outer side is covered with an insulation layer. The insulation layer is made of 50mm thick aluminum silicate fiber felt, and is covered with stainless steel wire mesh. The heating tape is fixed, and the heat is transferred to the inner surface through the conical guide plate, keeping the inner surface temperature above the dust dew point temperature. This prevents dust with high moisture content from condensing and adhering on the conical surface. The heated conical surface further reduces the adhesion tendency of dust, resulting in better dust flowability and smoother ash discharge. The heating tape has a power of 20W / m and a total power of approximately 3kW, with low energy consumption. This improved solution is particularly suitable for handling dust recovery after blast furnace gas dust removal in the metallurgical industry and wet dust removal in the chemical industry. Even when the moisture content reaches 8%~12%, it can still maintain smooth ash discharge from the ash hopper and avoid dust adhesion and bridging due to moisture.

[0048] The following is another specific embodiment 3 of this utility model: This embodiment is based on embodiment 1 and is improved for the working conditions of processing ultrafine dust. Ultrafine dust particles are usually less than 10μm in diameter and have strong adhesion and poor flowability. The installation method of the arch-breaking vibrating block is improved. Instead of using bolts for rigid fixing, a spring suspension method is used. A U-shaped lifting lug is welded at the middle of each reinforcing rib. A lifting ring is provided on the upper end face of the arch-breaking vibrating block. The arch-breaking vibrating block is suspended on the U-shaped lifting lug by four tension springs. The springs are made of 65 manganese steel, and the stiffness of each spring is... With a strength coefficient of 5 N / mm, a free length of 150 mm, and a working length of 180 mm to 200 mm, the spring-suspended design allows the anti-bridging vibrator to not only vibrate when impacted by pulsed airflow but also to reciprocate up-and-down motion under spring constraint, with a motion amplitude of approximately 20 mm to 30 mm. This composite motion method is more effective at breaking up arches in ultrafine dust. The elastic deformation of the spring absorbs part of the impact energy, extending the vibration duration and slowing down the vibration decay. For the adhesion between ultrafine dust particles formed by van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces, the longer duration of vibration can more effectively break down these microscopic particles. To enhance the binding force and improve the effect of the arch-breaking vibrating block on ultrafine dust, the number of hemispherical protrusions on the outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block was increased to 20, and the diameter of the protrusions was reduced to 20 mm. The increased protrusion distribution density makes the vibration disturbance range more compact. To address the issue of ultrafine dust easily forming a thin layer of adhesion on the inner surface of the conical guide plate, vibration transmission ribs were added to the inner surface of the conical guide plate. These ribs are made of stainless steel strips with a thickness of 2 mm and a height of 10 mm, welded along the generatrix direction of the inner surface of the conical guide plate. Three vibration transmission ribs are set in the fan-shaped area between every two reinforcing ribs. The vibration transmission ribs correspond to the reinforcing ribs but are located on the inner surface of the conical guide plate. The vibration transmission ribs enhance the transmission effect of vibration on the inner surface of the conical guide plate, ensuring that all parts of the inner surface can obtain sufficient vibration intensity and promptly remove any thin layer of dust that may adhere. This improved solution has shown good results in treating ultrafine dust with a particle size of less than 5μm. It has been applied to the dust removal system of a carbon black production enterprise. The carbon black dust has a particle size of 1μm~3μm and is extremely adhesive. After adopting this improved solution, the ash discharge from the ash hopper remains continuous and smooth, and there is no bridging or clogging caused by the adhesion of ultrafine dust. The dust collector operates stably and reliably.

[0049] Specifically, the principle of this utility model is as follows: A conical guide plate is set inside the ash hopper to form an independent guide channel. After dust is cleaned from the filter bag, it first falls onto the upper end of the conical guide plate. Since the conical surface of the guide plate forms an angle of 55°~65° with the vertical direction, which is greater than the natural angle of repose of most dust particles, the dust slides naturally along the conical surface under the action of gravity and does not accumulate on the conical surface. The inverted frustum shape of the guide plate causes the dust to gradually converge towards the center during the downward movement, concentrating the dust flow path and gradually increasing the flow velocity, reducing the contact opportunity between the dust and the inner wall of the ash hopper. The reinforcing ribs arranged along the generatrix divide the conical guide plate into multiple fan-shaped areas, and the dust in each area slides independently without interfering with each other. The triangular structure of the reinforcing ribs effectively resists the deformation of the conical guide plate under the impact of dust and its own weight by utilizing the principle of geometric stability, maintaining the accurate shape and angle of the conical surface. The arch-breaking vibration block is fixed on the reinforcing rib in the annular space between the conical guide plate and the inner wall of the ash hopper. When the pulse cleaning system... During operation, the compressed gas not only removes the dust accumulated on the filter bags but also impacts the space inside the ash hopper. The arch-breaking vibrating block vibrates under the impact of the airflow. This vibration is transmitted through the reinforcing ribs to the conical guide plate, causing the entire conical surface to vibrate slightly. This vibration breaks down the adhesion and friction between dust particles. Even if dust begins to accumulate in a certain place and form an arch bridge, the vibration can break it in time. The hemispherical protrusions on the outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block increase the contact area with the surrounding dust, generating a stronger disturbance to the dust during vibration. The curved surface of the protrusion causes the dust particles to roll rather than slide when in contact. The rolling friction is much less than the sliding friction, making the dust easier to disperse. The conical guide plate is made of stainless steel with a high surface smoothness and is not easily corroded. The coefficient of friction between the dust and the conical surface is small, resulting in low sliding resistance. The inner surface has no weld seams, avoiding the obstruction of dust flow by weld seam protrusions. Through the synergistic effect of multiple aspects such as flow guidance, vibration, and material selection, this utility model fundamentally solves the problem of dust bridging in the ash hopper from a physical structure perspective.

Claims

1. A conical anti-bridging structure for the ash hopper of a pulse jet bag filter, characterized in that, The device includes a conical guide plate, reinforcing ribs, and an arch-breaking vibrating block. The conical guide plate is installed inside the ash hopper and is shaped like an inverted frustum. The diameter of the upper end of the conical guide plate is larger than that of the lower end. The angle between the conical surface of the conical guide plate and the vertical direction is 55°~65°. The lower end of the conical guide plate is coaxially arranged with the ash discharge port of the ash hopper. The reinforcing ribs are installed on the outer surface of the conical guide plate and are arranged along the generatrix of the conical guide plate. One end of the reinforcing ribs is welded to the upper edge of the conical guide plate, and the other end is welded to the lower edge of the conical guide plate. The arch-breaking vibrating block is fixed on the outer surface of the conical guide plate and is located in the annular space formed between the conical guide plate and the inner wall of the ash hopper. The arch-breaking vibrating block is connected to the reinforcing ribs by bolts.

2. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the upper port diameter of the conical guide plate to the inner wall diameter of the ash hopper is 0.6~0.

8.

3. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 2, characterized in that, Six to eight reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed along the outer surface of the conical guide plate, and the included angle between two adjacent reinforcing ribs is equal.

4. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reinforcing ribs are triangular plate-shaped structures, and the bottom edge of the reinforcing ribs is welded to the outer surface of the conical guide plate.

5. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The height of the reinforcing rib gradually decreases along the generatrix of the conical guide vane, and the height of the reinforcing rib at the upper end of the conical guide vane is greater than its height at the lower end.

6. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The arch-breaking vibrating block is rectangular in shape, with its length direction parallel to the length direction of the reinforcing rib. The arch-breaking vibrating block is located in the middle of the reinforcing rib.

7. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block is provided with multiple protrusions, which are distributed in a hemispherical shape on the outer surface of the arch-breaking vibrating block, with the spherical surface of the protrusions facing the inner wall of the ash hopper.

8. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 7, characterized in that, The conical guide vane is made of stainless steel plate, the reinforcing ribs are made of carbon steel plate, and the arch-breaking vibrating block is made of cast iron.

9. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lower edge of the conical guide plate extends outward to form a flange structure, which is connected to the ash discharge port of the ash hopper by bolts.

10. The conical flow guiding and anti-bridging structure of the ash hopper of a pulse bag filter according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inner surface of the conical guide vane is smooth and without weld seams, and the welding position between the conical surface of the conical guide vane and the reinforcing rib is located on the outer surface of the conical guide vane.

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