A gas separation and purification device matched with a micro gas turbine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gas separation and purification device matched with micro gas turbine, including air inlet pipe, still include upper separation pipe, upper separation pipe is connected with air inlet pipe perpendicularly, one end of air inlet pipe is closed, and the other end is the connecting port, sets up the primary water hydrocarbon separation mechanism between the connecting port and upper separation pipe in air inlet pipe, sets up primary water hydrocarbon separation mechanism, two -level water hydrocarbon separation mechanism from below and upwards in upper separation pipe, sets up adsorption purification module on upper separation pipe upper end, and adsorption purification module sets up the clean gas outlet. The utility model discloses separation and purification degree is higher. Ensure the purity of fuel, make micro gas engine can fully, stable combustion, fundamentally solve the problem of the combustion of fuel gas problem resulting in insufficient, flameout etc, improve the efficiency and quality of heating temperature significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present utility model relates to the technical field of oilfield development, and specifically relates to a gas separation and purification device matched with a micro gas turbine. Background Art

[0002] When a micro gas turbine is applied in oil and gas exploitation, its fuel gas generally comes from associated gas such as oil well casing gas and dissolved gas. The fuel gas itself contains a large amount of water vapor, which will cause insufficient combustion of the micro gas turbine, and even flameout in severe cases, affecting the heating efficiency and quality; the fuel gas is not pure, and in addition to combustible gas, it is also mixed with components such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and heavy hydrocarbons. These impurity components will reduce the combustion utilization rate, and a large amount of nitrogen oxides will be generated during combustion, which endangers the environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a matching device that can separate and filter fuel gas during the oil exploitation process to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the micro gas turbine in oil and gas exploitation.

[0003] Publication No.: CN103452553B, which discloses a multifunctional oil and gas well casing gas-liquid separation, filtration and drying device, comprising a double-head nipple connected with a main high-pressure gate and a thin pipe, a secondary separator provided with an axial gas flow channel, a liquid return channel and inner and outer baffles, a tertiary separator provided with a separation chamber and an inner conical surface baffle, a drying and filtering chamber, and the like.

[0004] Publication No.: CN112709551B, which discloses an oil production well casing gas recovery device, comprising an associated gas treatment box and a communicating pipe. An air inlet pipe is fixed at the lower end of the other end of the associated gas treatment box, a first connecting mechanism is arranged at the end of the air inlet pipe far away from the associated gas treatment box, the communicating pipe is fixed at one end of the oil production well casing, a second connecting mechanism is arranged at the end of the communicating pipe far away from the oil production well casing, and the air inlet pipe and the communicating pipe are connected through the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism.

[0005] Publication No.: CN119664289B, which discloses a multi-chamber casing gas recovery device and method, comprising a controller, a first casing, a second casing, a circulating pump, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, a one-way valve, an electric valve, an impurity filter, a first auxiliary pipe, a second auxiliary pipe, a heat conducting plate, a water removal casing, a purified gas main pipe, and the like. One of the inner cavities of the first casing and the second casing is filled with liquid, and the other is an empty pipe. The circulating pump drives the liquid in the first casing and the second casing to circulate back and forth, so as to realize the air suction and exhaust functions of the whole device; impurities in the casing gas are removed through the impurity filter, the water removal casing and the like, so as to reduce the influence of impurities in the recovered casing gas on the conveying pipeline.

[0006] The technical solutions disclosed above, in terms of casing gas drying, mainly rely on gravity or wind power to propel the casing gas through a desiccant. However, the casing gas itself has a certain velocity due to pressure differences, and without obstruction, the time the casing gas spends passing through the desiccant is too short, reducing the drying effect. Furthermore, the use of wind turbines results in a certain degree of electricity waste. Regarding casing gas filtration, previous methods primarily used liquids or filter screens to absorb impurities in the casing gas. However, the former increases the moisture content in the casing gas, while the latter cannot filter out small-molecule gaseous impurities. Therefore, we have invented a device for separating and purifying fuel gas and applying it to micro gas turbines in oil and gas extraction. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned in the background art, this utility model provides a gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine includes an inlet pipe and an upper separation pipe, the upper separation pipe being vertically connected to the inlet pipe; one end of the inlet pipe is closed, and the other end is a connection port; a primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is provided inside the inlet pipe between the connection port and the upper separation pipe; a first-stage water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism and a second-stage water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism are provided inside the upper separation pipe from bottom to top; an adsorption purification module is provided at the upper end of the upper separation pipe, and the adsorption purification module has a purified gas outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is a first baffle, which is disposed on the side of the inner wall of the air inlet pipe away from the upper separation pipe;

[0011] The first baffle is semi-circular, and a return hole is provided on the semi-circular edge of the first baffle. The return holes are radially distributed at the bottom of the first baffle.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameter of the intake pipe is larger than the diameter of the intake pipe connection port.

[0013] Furthermore, the intake pipe has a space between the upper separator pipe and the end of the intake pipe away from the intake pipe, which serves as a buffer area.

[0014] Furthermore, the primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is a cyclone separator, which includes a core column, blades on the outer wall of the core column, and the outer ends of the blades are connected to the upper separation tube. The blades are curved.

[0015] Further, the secondary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism comprises a second baffle, the second baffle is obliquely arranged in the upper separation pipe, the second baffle is oppositely provided with a throttle orifice and a return orifice, and the throttle orifice is located at the high end of the second baffle.

[0016] Further, the second baffle is arranged at an inclination angle of 30°.

[0017] Further, the adsorption purification module comprises a purification pipe, the lower end of the purification pipe is connected with the upper end of the upper separation pipe through a sealing thread, the inner lower end of the purification pipe is provided with a sieve orifice plate, the purification pipe is filled with an adsorbent, and the upper end of the purification pipe is provided with a purified gas outlet; the pore diameter of the sieve orifice plate is smaller than the particle size of the adsorbent.

[0018] Further, the upper separation pipe is provided with a dry gas outlet above the secondary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The utility model has a higher separation and purification degree. The purity of the fuel is ensured, so that the micro gas turbine can perform full and stable combustion, the problems of insufficient combustion, flameout and the like caused by fuel gas problems are fundamentally solved, and the efficiency and quality of heating and temperature rise are significantly improved.

[0021] 2. The utility model has a longer adsorption reaction time. The adsorption purification module works at a lower flow rate, which ensures that the gas flow and the adsorbent have sufficient contact reaction time, so that the removal of inert gas is more thorough.

[0022] 3. The utility model achieves dual benefits of energy conservation and environmental protection. The whole device utilizes the pressure and gravity of the fuel gas itself for separation and backflow, no additional power consumption is required, which conforms to the energy-saving design concept. In addition, associated gas that might otherwise be vented or improperly treated is efficiently recycled, generating direct economic benefits.

[0023] 4. The utility model has high integration degree and convenient maintenance: complex functions are integrated into one compact device, the structural design is ingenious, the maintenance is simple and fast, and the installation is convenient. It is very suitable for popularization and application in oilfield sites with complex environments. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas separation and purification device matched with a micro gas turbine according to the utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the clamp connection in the utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first baffle in the utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cyclone separator in this utility model.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second baffle in this utility model.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Sleeve valve, 2. Clamp, 3. Groove, 4. Steel ring, 5. Clamp bolt, 6. First baffle, 7. Inlet pipe, 8. Return hole, 9. Buffer area, 10. Upper separation pipe, 11. Cyclone separator, 12. Blade, 13. Dry gas outlet, 14. Second baffle, 15. Throttling orifice, 16. Return hole, 17. Screen plate, 18. Purified gas outlet, 19. Adsorption purification module. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This utility model provides a gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine, including an inlet pipe 7 and an upper separation pipe 10. The upper separation pipe 10 is vertically connected to the inlet pipe 7. One end of the inlet pipe 7 is closed and the other end is a connection port. A primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is provided inside the inlet pipe 7 between the connection port and the upper separation pipe 10. A first-stage water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism and a second-stage water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism are provided inside the upper separation pipe 10 from bottom to top. A dry gas outlet 13 is provided above the second-stage water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism on the upper separation pipe 10.

[0033] The air inlet pipe 7 is fixed to the wellhead casing valve 1 by clamp 2. The device is fixed to the wellhead casing valve 1 by clamp 2. The embedded groove 3 of the device connector matches the groove of the casing valve. The space between the two grooves is filled with steel ring 4. By tightening the clamp bolts 5 on both sides, the steel ring in the groove will be squeezed and deformed, thereby achieving the sealing condition.

[0034] Among them, the dry gas outlet 13 can realize the external output of associated gas.

[0035] Furthermore, the primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is a first baffle 6, which is located on the inner wall of the intake pipe 7 away from the upper separation pipe 10. The first baffle 6 is semi-circular, and a return hole 8 is provided on the semi-circular edge of the first baffle 6. The return holes 8 are radially distributed at the bottom of the first baffle 6. The first baffle 6 is welded to the intake pipe 7 by an inner hole welding gun. The function of the first baffle 6 is to provide primary shielding for the fuel gas, forming shielding collision separation. The return hole 8 is to return the water and heavy hydrocarbons separated from the shielded fuel gas to the annular space of the oil casing.

[0036] Specifically, the diameter of the intake pipe 7 is larger than the diameter of the intake pipe 7 connection port, forming a buffer effect. When the fuel gas enters the intake pipe 7, the flow rate will decrease due to the increased pipe diameter. At this time, the impurities carried in the associated gas will be separated and deposited under the action of gravity, and will not be carried away, thus achieving the purpose of buffer separation. Furthermore, the separation effect at the downstream end can be ensured by separating impurities.

[0037] Specifically, the intake pipe 7 has a space between the upper separation pipe 10 and the end of the intake pipe 7 away from the intake pipe 7, which is a buffer area 9. The gas and liquid entering the intake pipe 7 are transferred to the upper separation pipe 10 before the buffer area 9. Impurities and some liquid will be flushed into the buffer area 9 and can no longer enter the upper separation pipe 10, thus achieving the separation effect.

[0038] Furthermore, the primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is a cyclone separator 11, which includes a core column. The outer wall of the core column is provided with blades 12, and the outer end of the blades is connected to the upper separation pipe 10. The blades 12 are curved and angled. When the fuel gas flows through the blades 12, the water and heavy hydrocarbons it carries will be cut and dispersed into small molecules by the blades 12. When it continues to rise, it is easier to separate them. Under the action of gravity, it continues to flow downward to the intake pipe 7 through the channel between the blades 12 and the upper separation pipe 10. When the liquid deposited in the intake pipe 7 is higher than the diameter-reducing step at the connection port, the liquid flows back to the annular space of the oil casing.

[0039] Specifically, the cyclone separator 11 is mounted on a separate pipe section, which is connected to the main body of the upper separator pipe 10 via a sealing thread. The cyclone separator 11 and its pipe section are manufactured as a single piece by casting.

[0040] Furthermore, the secondary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism includes a second baffle 14, which is inclinedly disposed inside the upper separation pipe 10. The second baffle 14 is provided with a throttling orifice 15 and a return orifice 16 facing each other. The throttling orifice 15 is located at the high end of the second baffle 14. When the associated gas flows through the throttling orifice 15 of the second baffle 14, the flow velocity increases and the static pressure rises, resulting in compression. Then, when it enters the top of the upper separation pipe 10, the pressure decreases and the flow velocity decreases, resulting in expansion. Due to the compression and expansion, the trace amounts of water and heavy hydrocarbons remaining in the fuel gas are separated again and returned through the return orifice 16.

[0041] Specifically, the second baffle 14 is welded at a 30° angle into the upper separation tube 10.

[0042] Furthermore, an adsorption purification module 19 is provided at the upper end of the upper separation pipe 10. The adsorption purification module 19 includes a purification pipe, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the upper separation pipe 10 via a sealing thread. A sieve plate 17 is provided at the lower end of the purification pipe, and the purification pipe is filled with adsorbent. A purified gas outlet 18 is provided at the upper end of the purification pipe. The adsorbent can filter and adsorb impurities with larger molecular structures, and can also remove hydrogen sulfide from natural gas, ensuring the purified application of fuel. The purified gas outlet 18 can provide purified associated gas for external transmission. The adsorption purification module 19 is connected to the upper separation pipe 10 via a thread for easy replacement.

[0043] Specifically, the aperture of the sieve plate is smaller than the particle size of the adsorbent to prevent the adsorbent from falling into the upper separation tube 10.

[0044] Specifically, the perforated plate 17 can be welded to the upper separation tube 10, or the inner wall of the upper separation tube 10 can be provided with a step, and the purification tube can be threaded to the inner wall of the upper separation tube 10 to press and position the perforated plate 17, or the perforated plate 17 can be welded to the lower end of the purification tube.

[0045] Specifically, the adsorbent is mainly molecular sieve, coconut shell carbon, and desulfurizing agent particles.

[0046] The device provided in this embodiment provides a dry and pure combustible gas output (the content of water and heavy hydrocarbons in the gas is less than 5%), thereby achieving the purpose of separating and filtering fuel gas.

[0047] This embodiment features a multi-stage collaborative separation and purification structure design that integrates five purification steps—obstruction and collision separation, buffer gravity separation, cyclone centrifugal separation, throttling expansion separation, and end-of-pipe adsorption purification—into a single tubular device.

[0048] The deceleration and efficiency enhancement drying and purification mechanism of this embodiment differs from the problem of poor effect caused by the high-speed airflow passing through the desiccant in the background technology. This utility model reduces the flow rate by abruptly changing the pipe diameter, and through the design of the throttling hole 15 on the second baffle, the airflow is first compressed and then expanded, which greatly promotes the condensation and separation of trace water vapor and heavy hydrocarbons.

[0049] This embodiment features a self-driven reflux system with no additional energy consumption. All liquids (water, heavy hydrocarbons) generated during the entire separation process rely on their own gravity to automatically reflux back to the annular space of the oil casing through specially designed radial reflux holes 16 and channels between blades 16, without the need for any external power (such as circulating pumps or fans).

[0050] This embodiment features a modular and maintainable design. The adsorption purification module is fixed to the top of the device using a threaded connection, allowing for easy and quick replacement of the adsorbent once it becomes saturated.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] The device described in Example 1 is directly fixed to the casing valve 1 of the well using clamps to ensure that the steel ring 4 is tightly sealed.

[0053] The wet saturated associated gas produced at the wellhead first enters the device and undergoes preliminary separation by collision with the first baffle 6. A large number of droplets are intercepted and returned through the radial return holes 8.

[0054] The gas then enters buffer zone 9, where some droplets settle.

[0055] The gas then passes through the cyclone separator 11, where it is dispersed by the blades 12 to generate centrifugal force, further separating it into fine droplets.

[0056] Immediately afterwards, the gas passes through the throttling orifice 15 of the second baffle 14 and undergoes adiabatic expansion. At this time, the gas temperature drops instantaneously, causing the saturated water vapor that is difficult to separate to condense and precipitate out, and then being discharged through the return orifice 16.

[0057] Finally, the gas enters the adsorption and purification module 19, which is filled with molecular sieves and coconut shell charcoal, for deep dehydration and adsorption of residual hydrocarbon oil mist.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] Similar to Example 2, the device is also installed at the wellhead.

[0060] Based on the removal of liquid impurities through the aforementioned multi-stage physical separation steps (shielding, buffering, swirling, and throttling), the focus is on using an adsorption purification module containing special desulfurizing agent (such as iron oxide) particles.

[0061] After passing through several stages of treatment, the gas has had most of its liquid components removed and passes uniformly through the desulfurizing agent layer in gaseous form. The H2S in the gas reacts chemically with the desulfurizing agent and is fixed and removed. The H2S content in the purified fuel gas meets or falls below the safety standards required for micro-turbine combustion (e.g., <20 mg / m³). 3 This not only protects the downstream micro-turbine combustion chamber and hot passage components from corrosion and extends equipment life, but more importantly, it achieves compliant treatment of hydrogen sulfide, ensuring that the combustion exhaust gas meets environmental emission requirements, thus enabling the safe and environmentally friendly recovery and utilization of associated gas resources from the well.

[0062] All components not discussed in detail in this application, as well as the connection methods of these components, are well-known technologies in this field. They can be directly applied and will not be elaborated further.

[0063] In this utility model, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0065] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine, comprising an inlet pipe, characterized in that, It also includes an upper separator pipe, which is vertically connected to the intake pipe; The intake pipe is closed at one end and has a connection port at the other end; a primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is provided inside the intake pipe between the connection port and the upper separation pipe; a first-stage water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism and a second-stage water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism are provided inside the upper separation pipe from bottom to top. An adsorption purification module is provided at the upper end of the upper separation tube, and the adsorption purification module is provided with a purified gas outlet.

2. The gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is a first baffle, which is located on the inner wall of the air inlet pipe away from the upper separation pipe. The first baffle is semi-circular, and a return hole is provided on the semi-circular edge of the first baffle. The return holes are radially distributed at the bottom of the first baffle.

3. The gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the air intake pipe is larger than the diameter of the air intake pipe connection port.

4. The gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intake pipe has a space between the upper separator pipe and the end of the intake pipe away from the intake pipe, which serves as a buffer area.

5. A gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The primary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism is a cyclone separator, which includes a core column, blades on the outer wall of the core column, and the outer ends of the blades are connected to the upper separation tube. The blades are curved.

6. The gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The secondary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism includes a second baffle, which is inclinedly disposed inside the upper separation tube. The second baffle is provided with a throttling orifice and a reflux orifice facing each other, and the throttling orifice is located at the high end of the second baffle.

7. A gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second baffle is set at a 30° angle.

8. The gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption and purification module includes a purification tube, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the upper separation tube by a sealing thread. A sieve plate is provided at the lower end of the purification tube, and the purification tube is filled with adsorbent. A purified gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the purification tube. The pore size of the sieve plate is smaller than the particle size of the adsorbent.

9. A gas separation and purification device for a micro gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper separation pipe is equipped with a dry gas outlet above the secondary water-hydrocarbon separation mechanism.

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