A rapid crushing device for soil sample testing

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of rapid crushing device for soil sample detection, it is related to soil detection crushing device technical field, it includes jar body, jar body inside is sequentially provided with crushing cavity and collection cavity from top to bottom, the top of crushing cavity is provided with feed inlet, bottom is provided with multiple discharge hole being communicated with collection cavity, crushing mechanism is rotatably arranged in jar body, driving source is fixedly arranged in jar body top, the output end of driving source is fixedly connected with the shaft that is rotatably arranged in crushing cavity, a plurality of crushing hammer piece is hingedly connected on the shaft, crushing hammer piece end is gap set with the inner wall of crushing cavity, the bottom of shaft is fixed with the scraper that is gap set with the bottom wall of crushing cavity, collection cavity is also provided with collection box, it is slidably mounted in the jar body by being provided with the opening of the collection cavity side wall, it solves the problem that artificial crushing efficiency is low, crushing intensity and uniformity are difficult to control, mechanical crushing is easy to stick together, and the uniformity of discharge particle is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of soil testing and crushing devices, and in particular to a rapid crushing device for soil sample testing. Background Technology

[0002] Soil testing is a crucial step in assessing soil environmental quality and pollution status. The process typically includes multiple steps such as sample collection, preparation, analysis, and result evaluation. The sample preparation step requires crushing and grinding the collected soil to achieve a uniform and fine particle state, which is essential for accurate subsequent chemical or physical analysis. If the sample pretreatment is inadequate, such as excessively large particles or insufficient uniformity, it will directly affect the representativeness and reliability of the test data.

[0003] In the crushing stage before soil sample testing, existing technologies often employ manual crushing or mechanical crushing equipment based on a grinding disc structure. Both have shortcomings. Specifically, manual crushing relies entirely on the operator's physical strength and experience, resulting in low crushing efficiency, which cannot meet the processing needs of batch samples. Furthermore, the crushing force and uniformity are difficult to control, leading to uneven sample particle size and seriously affecting the accuracy of testing. While grinding disc crushing equipment improves efficiency to some extent, its crushing principle mainly relies on the static pressure and shearing of the rotating discs. When processing soil with a certain degree of moisture or viscosity, the sample is prone to sticking or clumping on the disc surface and in the grooves, resulting in reduced crushing efficiency and difficulty in cleaning. In addition, the sample flows along a single path guided by fixed grooves, preventing the sample from achieving sufficient multi-dimensional mixing, resulting in poor uniformity of the output particles. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a rapid crushing device for soil sample testing, which solves the problems of low efficiency of manual crushing, difficulty in controlling crushing force and uniformity, easy adhesion and clumping during mechanical crushing, and poor uniformity of output particles.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a rapid crushing device for soil sample testing includes: The tank body has a crushing chamber and a collecting chamber arranged from top to bottom inside the tank body. The top of the crushing chamber is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom is provided with multiple discharge holes that communicate with the collecting chamber. The crushing mechanism includes a drive source, a rotating shaft, and several crushing hammers. The drive source is fixedly installed on the top of the tank. The output end of the drive source is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, which is coaxially rotatably installed in the crushing chamber. Several crushing hammers are alternately hinged on the rotating shaft. The ends of the crushing hammers are spaced apart from the inner wall of the crushing chamber. A scraper is fixed at the bottom of the rotating shaft with a gap between it and the bottom wall of the crushing chamber. A collection box is slidably installed in the tank through an opening provided in the side wall of the collection chamber.

[0006] The technical principle of this utility model is as follows: the drive source drives the rotating shaft and the crushing hammer blades hinged to it to rotate at high speed in the crushing chamber. The hammer blades are thrown apart under the action of centrifugal force, forming high-speed, multi-angle impacts and collisions on the soil sample. During this process, small particles that meet the discharge requirements are discharged from the discharge hole, while large particles that fail to pass through the discharge hole are rolled up by the scraper at the bottom of the rotating shaft and sent back into the crushing area for cyclic crushing until their particle size is reduced to a size that can pass through the discharge hole into the collection box below.

[0007] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes multiple crushing groups arranged axially along the rotating shaft, each crushing group including multiple crushing hammers evenly distributed around the rotating shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the volume of the breaker hammer blades increases layer by layer from top to bottom.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner wall of the crushing chamber is provided with several protruding toothed plates fixedly arranged around each crushing group, and the upper part of the toothed plates is set as an inclined surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the front end of the breaker hammer is wedge-shaped or axe-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the crushing chamber is set as an arc surface, and the scraper is a spiral blade-shaped structure adapted to the arc-shaped bottom wall.

[0012] Furthermore, the discharge hole is an elongated hole extending radially along the bottom of the crushing chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the collection box is provided with an inwardly protruding fixing edge for supporting the removable filter disc or filter screen.

[0014] Furthermore, a handle is fixedly provided on the side of the collection box away from the opening.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The hinged breaker blades dynamically impact and crush soil particles. The instantaneous and high-frequency kinetic energy impact directly breaks and disperses soil clods, preventing wet soil particles from sticking together and clumping. The crushing efficiency is high and it is easy to clean.

[0016] 2. Through the high-speed rotation and staggered arrangement of the crushing hammer blades, the sample is subjected to multi-dimensional and non-fixed-path impacts and collisions in the crushing chamber, which significantly improves the uniformity of the output particles and is beneficial to the accuracy of subsequent testing. 3. By coordinating the bottom scraper with the discharge hole, the unqualified large particles are automatically re-crushed, effectively avoiding crushing dead corners, ensuring the crushing effect and uniformity of the samples, while simplifying the operation steps and improving the overall processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tank in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the collection box structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] In the above attached figures: 1. Tank body; 11. Crushing chamber; 111. Feed inlet; 112. Discharge hole; 113. Toothed plate; 12. Collection chamber; 121. Opening; 2. Crushing mechanism; 21. Motor; 22. Shaft; 23. Crushing hammer; 24. Scraper; 3. Collection box; 31. Handle; 32. Fixing edge; 33. Filter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-2 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this utility model embodiment proposes a rapid crushing device for soil sample testing, which includes a tank 1, which is vertically fixed. Inside the tank 1, a crushing chamber 11 and a collection chamber 12 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top of the crushing chamber 11 is provided with a feed inlet 111 communicating with the crushing chamber 11. The feed inlet 111 can be configured as a funnel shape or a straight cylinder shape depending on the specific situation. Furthermore, a top cover (not shown in the figure) can be detachably provided at the feed inlet 111. The top cover can be installed by conventional connection methods such as hinges or bolts to prevent the sample from flying out or dust from escaping during the crushing process. The bottom of the crushing chamber 11 is uniformly provided with a plurality of discharge holes 112 communicating with the collection chamber 12. The discharge holes 112 serve as the only channel connecting the crushing chamber 11 and the collection chamber 12 below. Their shape can be configured as circular, square or rectangular as needed. The pore size of the discharge holes 112 can be flexibly set according to the particle size requirements of the sample particles.

[0025] like Figure 1-3As shown in this exemplary embodiment, a crushing mechanism 2 is rotatably installed inside the tank 1, specifically including a drive source, a rotating shaft 22, and several crushing hammers 23. The drive source includes, but is not limited to, a motor 21, a pneumatic motor, or a hydraulic motor, which can drive the rotating shaft 22 to rotate. In this embodiment, a motor 21 is selected as the drive source. The motor 21 is fixedly installed on the top of the tank 1, and its output shaft is vertically downward and fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 22 via a coupling or directly. The rotating shaft 22 is coaxially rotatably installed inside the crushing chamber 11. Several crushing hammers 23 are alternately hinged to the rotating shaft 22 via pins or hinge seats. The ends of the crushing hammers 23 are spaced apart from the inner wall of the crushing chamber 11, maintaining a small gap that prevents mutual interference. With the above configuration, when the shaft 22 rotates at high speed, the breaker hammer 23 is thrown radially under the action of centrifugal force, comes into contact with and collides with the soil sample, and achieves effective crushing. When encountering hard foreign objects, it can avoid them, playing a buffering and protective role. Preferably, the working surface of the breaker hammer 23 can be designed to be flat or have edges, that is, the front end is wedge-shaped or axe-shaped, to enhance its impact and shearing effect on soil clumps. A scraper 24 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shaft 22. A small working gap is also maintained between the scraper 24 and the bottom wall of the crushing chamber 11. Its function is to scrape and lift up the large particles of sample that have been deposited at the bottom and have not passed through the discharge hole 112 in time, so that they enter the crushing area where the breaker hammer 23 is located for secondary crushing.

[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown in this exemplary embodiment, a collection box 3 for receiving broken samples is also provided at the bottom of the tank 1. It is slidably installed in the tank 1 through an opening 121 on the side wall of the collection cavity 12. Specifically, a horizontal opening 121 is provided on the side wall of the collection cavity 12. The collection box 3 is preferably configured as a drawer structure and is slidably installed in the opening 121. When the collection box 3 is fully pushed into the collection cavity 12 along the side wall of the opening 121, it is exactly at the center of the collection cavity 12, and its area covers all the discharge holes 112. When it is necessary to remove the sample, the collection box 3 can be pulled outwards, which is very convenient.

[0027] The technical principle of this utility model is as follows: the drive source drives the rotating shaft 22 and the breaker hammer 23 hinged to it to rotate at high speed in the crushing chamber 11. The breaker hammer 23 is thrown open under the action of centrifugal force, forming a high-speed, multi-angle impact and collision on the soil sample. During this process, small particles that meet the discharge requirements are discharged from the discharge hole 112. Large particles that fail to pass through the discharge hole 112 are rolled up by the scraper 24 at the bottom of the rotating shaft 22 and sent back into the crushing area for cyclic crushing until their particle size is reduced to be able to pass through the discharge hole 112 and enter the collection box 3 below.

[0028] This invention utilizes hinged crushing hammers 23 to dynamically impact and crush soil particles. The instantaneous and high-frequency kinetic energy impact directly breaks and disperses soil clods, preventing wet soil particles from sticking together and clumping. This results in high crushing efficiency and easy cleaning. The high-speed rotation and staggered arrangement of the crushing hammers 23 ensure that the sample is subjected to multi-dimensional, non-fixed-path impacts and collisions within the crushing chamber 11, significantly improving the uniformity of the output particles and enhancing the accuracy of subsequent testing. The cooperation between the bottom scraper 24 and the discharge hole 112 enables automatic re-crushing of large, non-conforming particles, effectively avoiding crushing dead zones and ensuring uniform crushing effect and uniformity of the sample. This also simplifies the operation steps and improves the overall processing efficiency.

[0029] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in another embodiment, the crushing mechanism 2 includes a multi-layer crushing group arranged axially along the rotating shaft 22. Each crushing group includes multiple crushing hammers 23 evenly distributed around the rotating shaft 22, thereby forming a longitudinally dense and fully covered crushing area within the crushing chamber 11. Furthermore, the volume of the crushing hammers 23 increases progressively from the upper to the lower part of the rotating shaft 22. That is, the upper hammers are relatively thin and light, mainly used for preliminary crushing and dispersion of large samples, while the lower hammers are thicker and larger, used for further fine impact and crushing of the preliminarily crushed samples. This allows the soil sample to undergo a gradual and progressively stronger crushing process during its downward movement, effectively avoiding excessive crushing and dust generation of small particles in the upper space due to excessive impact force. It also ensures that large particles that have entered the lower space but are not yet qualified are subjected to sufficiently intense impact and crushing, resulting in a significant improvement in the uniformity of the final sample particle output.

[0030] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the crushing chamber 11 is further provided with several protruding toothed plates 113 fixedly arranged around each crushing group. Specifically, the toothed plates 113 are configured as longitudinal strip-shaped block structures, with a smooth upper part that extends upward from the inside towards the inner wall of the crushing chamber 11, so that the cross-section of the toothed plates 113 is isosceles or right trapezoidal. The inclined surface at the top can prevent sample aggregation. The toothed plates 113 are preferably fixed uniformly along the circumference of the inner wall by welding or bolting. Based on the above configuration, when the high-speed rotating crushing hammer 23 impacts the soil particles against the chamber wall, the toothed plates 113 on the chamber wall will intercept the rotating sample, forcibly change its trajectory, and cause it to fall after being impacted a second time. It will then be impacted by the next layer of crushing group and intercepted by the toothed plates 113, achieving a crushing effect of step-by-step transmission and multiple impacts, thereby significantly improving the uniformity of the output particles and the overall crushing effect.

[0031] like Figure 1-4As shown, in another embodiment, the bottom of the crushing chamber 11 is configured as an arc-shaped surface. Correspondingly, the scraper 24 is configured as a continuous spiral blade structure. The spiral blades extend and spiral from the root of the rotating shaft 22, and their bottom contours closely fit the arc-shaped bottom wall of the crushing chamber 11, maintaining a small and uniform gap at all times. Meanwhile, the discharge hole 112 at the bottom of the crushing chamber 11 is configured as multiple elongated holes extending radially along the bottom of the crushing chamber 11. Specifically, the elongated holes start from the central area near the rotating shaft 22 and extend radially outwards, spanning the main working area at the bottom. Based on the above configuration, when the rotating shaft 22 drives the spiral... When the scraper 24 rotates, the sample deposited at the bottom will not accumulate in place under the guidance of the scraper blades 24. Instead, it will be continuously pushed along the tangent of the spiral surface, forming a spiral flow trajectory from the low center to the high edge. This allows large particles to be quickly and smoothly fed into the crushing area without forming dead corners at the bottom. At the same time, the elongated holes, due to their special structure and orientation, ensure that no matter where the sample is on the bottom arc surface, it will be covered by the discharge holes 112 when pushed and rotated by the scraper 24. This provides a continuous discharge channel with almost no dead corners for fine particles that have reached the required particle size.

[0032] like Figure 1-2 and Figure 5 As shown, in another embodiment, a protruding fixing edge 32 is provided on the inner wall of the middle part of the collection box 3, forming a reliable support structure. The filter disc 33 or filter screen is fixed to the fixing edge 32 by conventional detachable fixing methods such as bolts and pins. Its outer edge fits against the inner wall of the collection box 3 to achieve stable positioning. As another possible implementation, the filter disc 33 can also be directly placed on the fixing edge 32. The filter disc 33 can be quickly placed and replaced without any auxiliary tools, making the operation very convenient. The collection box 3 is located away from the opening. A handle 31 extending outward is fixedly provided on one side of 121, providing the operator with a comfortable point of force application, making it easy to push or pull the collection box 3 in smoothly. Based on the above configuration, when the sample falls into the collection box 3 through the discharge hole 112, it will first come into contact with the filter plate 33. The size and aperture of the filter plate 33 can be flexibly set according to the detection requirements, thereby performing fine secondary screening of the sample. This allows a single crushing to provide samples with different particle size characteristics for different detection items, significantly improving the applicability and flexibility of the device.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rapid crushing device for soil sample testing, characterized in that, include: Tank (1), the inside of the tank (1) is provided with a crushing chamber (11) and a collecting chamber (12) from top to bottom. The top of the crushing chamber (11) is provided with a feed inlet (111) and the bottom is provided with multiple discharge holes (112) that communicate with the collecting chamber (12). The crushing mechanism (2) includes a drive source, a rotating shaft (22) and several crushing hammers (23). The drive source is fixedly installed on the top of the tank (1). The output end of the drive source is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (22) which is coaxially rotatably installed in the crushing chamber (11). Several crushing hammers (23) are alternately hinged on the rotating shaft (22). The ends of the crushing hammers (23) are separated from the inner wall of the crushing chamber (11). A scraper (24) is fixed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (22) with a gap between it and the bottom wall of the crushing chamber (11). The collection box (3) is slidably installed inside the tank (1) through an opening (121) provided on the side wall of the collection cavity (12).

2. The rapid crushing device for soil sample testing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (2) includes a multi-layer crushing group arranged axially along the rotating shaft (22), and each layer of the crushing group includes multiple crushing hammers (23) evenly distributed around the rotating shaft (22).

3. The rapid crushing device for soil sample testing as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The volume of the breaker hammer (23) increases layer by layer from top to bottom.

4. The rapid crushing device for soil sample testing as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the crushing chamber (11) is provided with several protruding toothed plates (113) around each crushing group, and the upper part of the toothed plates (113) is set as an inclined surface.

5. A rapid crushing device for soil sample testing as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The front end of the breaker hammer (23) is wedge-shaped or axe-shaped.

6. The rapid crushing device for soil sample testing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the crushing chamber (11) is set as an arc surface, and the scraper (24) is a spiral blade structure adapted to the arc-shaped bottom wall.

7. The rapid crushing device for soil sample testing as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge hole (112) is a long strip-shaped hole that extends radially along the bottom of the crushing chamber (11).

8. The rapid crushing device for soil sample testing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the collection box (3) is provided with an inwardly protruding fixing edge (32) for supporting the detachable filter disc (33) or filter screen.

9. The rapid crushing device for soil sample testing as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The collection box (3) has a handle (31) fixedly installed on the side opposite to the opening (121).

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