A kind of tooth disc locking device for turning and milling hybrid machine tool motorized spindle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to numerical control machine tool technical field relates to a kind of for turning and milling combined machine tool electric spindle's gear disc locking device, including the rotary gear disc of being sleeved on the main shaft, the fixed gear disc being set at the outside of rotary gear disc, and the piston assembly and moving gear disc being distributed in the left and right sides of rotary gear disc and all can be axially moved, the piston assembly includes first piston, and the second piston being set at the outside of first piston and being connected with moving gear disc by the push pin through fixed gear disc, the moving gear disc can be simultaneously with rotary gear disc and fixed gear disc Gear surface engagement or separation by its left and right axial movement.The utility model adopts the way of piston and moving gear disc bidirectional clamping to realize the positioning of rotary gear disc, thereby realizing the axial and radial positioning of main shaft, and when clamping and loosening operation, piston and moving gear disc synchronous motion avoid the axial movement of main shaft, with Simple structure, stable and reliable, both convenient and effective, and prolong the service life of bearing and other advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of CNC machine tool technology, specifically relating to a gear plate locking device for the electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, five-axis CNC machine tools with milling and turning functions can complete complex tasks such as turning, milling, boring, drilling, tapping, multi-axis linkage surface machining, and inclined drilling in a single clamping of parts, avoiding the loss of machining accuracy caused by secondary or multiple clamping.

[0003] In traditional geared disc locking methods, the piston applies locking force unilaterally. Due to the axial clearance of the rotating geared disc, axial movement of the spindle occurs during locking. Furthermore, in traditional locking mechanism arrangements, the front bearing is positioned closer to the cutting tool. Consequently, when the spindle is locked and turning is being performed, the bearing bears a considerable cutting load, which accelerates bearing wear and reduces bearing life.

[0004] Given the above shortcomings, how to improve the locking method and optimize the layout of the locking mechanism has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those in the field. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to address the defects and shortcomings of the existing technology by designing a gear locking device for the electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool that is simple in structure, stable and reliable, convenient and effective, and extends the service life of the bearing.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a gear plate locking device for an electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool. The locking device is located between the front flange and the front bearing sleeve, and includes a rotating gear plate sleeved on the spindle, a fixed gear plate disposed outside the rotating gear plate, and a piston assembly and a movable gear plate distributed on the left and right sides of the rotating gear plate, both of which can move axially. The piston assembly includes a first piston and a second piston disposed outside the first piston and connected to the movable gear plate by a pusher penetrating through the fixed gear plate. The movable gear plate can simultaneously engage or disengage with the rotating gear plate and the fixed gear plate through its left and right axial movement.

[0007] Preferably, the first piston, the movable gear plate, and the second piston are respectively provided with a first oil passage chamber, a second oil passage chamber, and a third oil passage chamber. When the first oil passage chamber and the second oil passage chamber are filled with oil, the third oil passage chamber is under negative pressure, which is the locked state. When the third oil passage chamber is filled with oil, the first oil passage chamber and the second oil passage chamber are under negative pressure, which is the loosened state.

[0008] Preferably, the first piston is installed inside the front flange, and its cross-section has a Z-shaped structure. The inner and outer sides of the first piston away from the rotating gear disk are respectively provided with a first O-ring and a second O-ring. When the first piston is pressed and moves to the right, it can apply an axial force to the front side of the rotating gear disk.

[0009] Preferably, the movable gear disk is installed inside the front bearing sleeve, and a third O-ring and a fourth O-ring are respectively provided on its inner and outer sides. When the movable gear disk is pressed and moves to the left, it can simultaneously engage with the rear surfaces of the rotating gear disk and the fixed gear disk.

[0010] Preferably, a fifth O-ring and a sixth O-ring are provided on the inner and outer sides of the second piston, respectively. When the second piston is pressed and moves to the right, the first piston is pressed and moves to the left. At the same time, the moving gear can move to the right under the drive of the second piston.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed gear plate has multiple through holes, and each through hole is fitted with a pusher. One end of the pusher is fixed to the second piston by a double-ended screw, and the other end is inserted into the pin hole of the movable gear plate by a pin. The pusher and the pin form a shoulder that fits outside the pin hole.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating gear is located on the front side of the front end protrusion of the main shaft, and an adjusting shim is installed between the rotating gear and the front end protrusion. The adjusting shim is used to ensure that the rotating gear is located in the middle position between the first piston and the moving gear.

[0013] After adopting the above technical solution, the gear locking device for the electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This invention, through the design of the piston assembly and the movable gear disk, enables the positioning of the rotating gear disk through bidirectional clamping, thereby achieving axial and radial positioning of the spindle. During clamping and releasing operations, the piston assembly and the movable gear disk move synchronously, preventing axial movement of the spindle. In addition, the locking device is arranged closer to the tool than the bearing. During turning, the locking device can bear the cutting force of the spindle, thus protecting the bearing and increasing its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gear locking device for the electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool according to the present invention.

[0016] The components are: 1. Main shaft; 2. Rotary gear plate; 3. Third O-ring; 4. Moving gear plate; 5. Push pin; 6. Fourth O-ring; 7. Front bearing sleeve; 8. Front flange; 9. Sixth O-ring; 10. Second piston; 11. Second O-ring; 12. Fifth O-ring; 13. First piston; 14. First O-ring; 15. Adjusting shim; 16. Fixed gear plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further clear and complete detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0019] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself.

[0021] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0023] This utility model discloses a gear locking device for the electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool, such as... Figure 1As shown, the locking device is located between the front flange 8 and the front bearing sleeve 7, and includes a rotating gear 2 sleeved on the main shaft 1, a fixed gear 16 disposed outside the rotating gear 2, and piston assemblies and a movable gear 4 distributed on the left and right sides of the rotating gear 2, both of which can move axially. The piston assembly includes a first piston 13 and a second piston 10 disposed outside the first piston 13 and connected to the movable gear 4 through the fixed gear 16 via a pusher 5. The movable gear 4 can simultaneously engage or disengage with the rotating gear 2 and the fixed gear 16 through its left and right axial movement. Specifically, the first piston 13, the movable gear 4, and the second piston 10... The spindle 1 is equipped with a first oil passage, a second oil passage, and a third oil passage. When the first and second oil passages are filled with oil, the third oil passage is under negative pressure, which is the locking state. That is, when the first and second oil passages are filled with oil, the first piston 13 and the moving gear 4 can move in opposite directions under the drive of hydraulic oil to perform a clamping operation on both sides, thereby locking the spindle 1. When the third oil passage is filled with oil, the first and second oil passages are under negative pressure, which is the releasing state. That is, when the third oil passage is filled with oil, the first piston 13 and the moving gear 4 can move in opposite directions to separate from the front and rear sides of the rotating gear, thereby unlocking the spindle 1.

[0024] The first piston 13 is installed inside the front flange 8, and its cross-section is Z-shaped. A first O-ring 14 and a second O-ring 11 are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the end of the first piston 13 away from the rotating gear disk 2. The first piston 13, the front flange 8, and the first O-ring 14 and second O-ring 11 form the first oil passage cavity. When hydraulic oil is injected into the first oil passage cavity, the first piston 13 is pressed and moves to the right, applying axial force to the front side of the rotating gear disk 2 to complete the locking operation. The movable gear disk 4 is installed inside the front bearing sleeve 7, and a third O-ring 3 and a fourth O-ring 6 are respectively provided on its inner and outer sides. The movable gear disk 4, the front bearing sleeve 7, and the third O-ring 3 and fourth O-ring 6... A second oil passage cavity is formed. When hydraulic oil is injected into the second oil passage cavity, the moving gear 4 is pressed and moves to the left, which can simultaneously engage with the rear surfaces of the rotating gear 2 and the fixed gear 16 to complete the locking operation. The second piston 10 is provided with a fifth O-ring 12 and a sixth O-ring 9 on its inner and outer sides, respectively. The second piston 10, the front bearing sleeve 8, the first piston 13, the second O-ring 11, the fifth O-ring 12, and the sixth O-ring 9 form a third oil passage cavity. When hydraulic oil is injected into the third oil passage cavity, the second piston 10 is pressed and moves to the right, the first piston 13 is pressed and moves to the left, and the moving gear 4 can move to the right under the drive of the second piston 10 to complete the loosening operation.

[0025] Furthermore, the fixed gear plate 16 has multiple through holes, each of which is fitted with a pusher 5. One end of the pusher 5 is fixed to the second piston 10 by a double-ended screw, and the other end is inserted into the pin hole of the movable gear plate 4 by a pin. In this way, the movable gear plate 4 can only move axially, restricting its axial rotation. The pusher 5 and the pin form a shoulder that fits outside the pin hole. When the second piston 10 is pressed and moves to the right, the shoulders of the multiple pushers 5 fixed to it press against the movable gear plate 4, causing it to move to the right synchronously, thus completing the release operation.

[0026] To further reduce or avoid axial movement of the spindle when clamped, the rotating gear 2 is located on the front side of the front end protrusion of the spindle 1, and an adjusting shim 15 is installed between the rotating gear 2 and the front end protrusion. By adjusting the thickness of the adjusting shim 15, the rotating gear 2 can be ensured to be located in the middle position between the first piston 13 and the moving gear 4. In this way, the clamping of the rotating gear 2 by the first piston 13 and the moving gear 4 can be ensured to be synchronized, thereby reducing or avoiding the problem of axial movement of the spindle when clamped.

[0027] The working principle of the gear locking device for the electric spindle of a milling and turning machine tool is as follows: When the first piston 13 and the movable gear 4 are not clamping the rotating gear 2, the spindle 1 can rotate inside the housing, and the rotating gear 2 rotates together under the drive of the spindle 1. This is generally the milling state. When hydraulic oil is injected into the first and second oil passages through the oil channels, the first piston 13 and the movable gear 4 are simultaneously pressed and move towards the rotating gear 2. The first piston 13 presses against the front side of the rotating gear 2, and the movable gear 4 simultaneously presses against the rotating gear 2 and the rotating gear 2. The rear side of the fixed gear plate 16 is fixed, and the axial forces on both sides cancel each other out, completing the locking operation while avoiding the influence of axial force. At this time, the spindle 1 is in a non-rotatable state, and the entire electric spindle is converted into a turning state. When hydraulic oil is injected into the third chamber of the oil circuit, the first piston 3 is pressed to move to the left and separates from the front side of the rotating gear plate 2. The second piston 10 is pressed to move to the right and pushes the moving gear plate 4 to move to the right through the shoulder of the fixed pusher 5, separating from the rear side of the rotating gear plate 2 and the fixed gear plate 16, thereby completing the release operation. At this time, the spindle 1 is in a rotatable state.

[0028] Thus, when the first and second oil passages are filled with oil, the third oil passage is under negative pressure, which makes the locking operation smoother; conversely, when the third oil passage is filled with oil, the first and second oil passages are under negative pressure, which makes the releasing operation smoother.

[0029] In summary, the gear locking device for the electric spindle of a milling and turning machine tool provided by this utility model uses a two-way clamping method between a piston and a moving gear to achieve the positioning of the rotating gear, thereby realizing the axial and radial positioning of the spindle. Moreover, during the clamping and releasing operations, the piston and the moving gear move synchronously, avoiding axial movement of the spindle. It has the advantages of simple structure, stability and reliability, convenience and effectiveness, and extended bearing service life. It has great market value and is worthy of widespread promotion and application.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A gear locking device for an electric spindle of a milling and turning machine tool, characterized in that: The locking device is located between the front flange (8) and the front bearing sleeve (7), including a rotating gear disk (2) sleeved on the main shaft (1), a fixed gear disk (16) disposed outside the rotating gear disk (2), and piston assemblies and movable gear disks (4) distributed on the left and right sides of the rotating gear disk (2) and both of which can move axially. The piston assembly includes a first piston (13) and a second piston (10) disposed outside the first piston (13) and connected to the movable gear disk (4) through the fixed gear disk (16) via a pusher (5). The movable gear disk (4) can simultaneously engage or disengage with the rotating gear disk (2) and the fixed gear disk (16) through its left and right axial movement.

2. The gear locking device for the electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first piston (13), the movable gear plate (4), and the second piston (10) are respectively provided with a first oil passage chamber, a second oil passage chamber, and a third oil passage chamber. When the first oil passage chamber and the second oil passage chamber are filled with oil, the third oil passage chamber is under negative pressure and is in a locked state. When the third oil passage chamber is filled with oil, the first oil passage chamber and the second oil passage chamber are under negative pressure and are in a released state.

3. The gear locking device for the electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first piston (13) is installed inside the front flange (8), and its cross section is Z-shaped. The first piston (13) is provided with a first O-ring (14) and a second O-ring (11) on the inner and outer sides of the end away from the rotating gear disk (2). When the first piston (13) is pressed to the right, it can apply an axial force to the front side of the rotating gear disk (2).

4. The gear locking device for the electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable gear disk (4) is installed inside the front bearing sleeve (7), and a third O-ring (3) and a fourth O-ring (6) are provided on its inner and outer sides respectively. When the movable gear disk (4) is pressed to the left, it can simultaneously mesh with the rear side of the rotating gear disk (2) and the fixed gear disk (16).

5. A gear locking device for an electric spindle of a milling and turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second piston (10) has a fifth O-ring (12) and a sixth O-ring (9) on its inner and outer sides respectively. When the second piston (10) is pressed to the right, the first piston (13) is pressed to the left, and the moving toothed disc (4) can move to the right under the drive of the second piston (10).

6. A gear locking device for an electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed gear plate (16) has multiple through holes, and each through hole is fitted with a pusher (5). One end of the pusher (5) is fixed to the second piston (10) by a double-ended screw, and the other end is inserted into the pin hole of the movable gear plate (4) by a pin. The pusher (5) and the pin form a shoulder that fits outside the pin hole.

7. A gear locking device for an electric spindle of a turning and milling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating gear disk (2) is located on the front side of the front end protrusion of the main shaft (1), and an adjusting shim (15) is installed between the rotating gear disk (2) and the front end protrusion. The adjusting shim (15) is used to ensure that the rotating gear disk (2) is located in the middle position between the first piston (13) and the moving gear disk (4).

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