Wood chipper with switchable coarse and fine grinding mode

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wood crusher of switchable coarse and fine crushing mode belongs to wood crushing processing technical field, include: wood feeding bin, wood crushing box, crushing assembly is used for to wood crushing, secondary crushing mechanism sets up just below crushing assembly and is located wood crushing box inner chamber lower part, so that the wood after crushing assembly crushing is by secondary crushing mechanism and carries out secondary shearing, crushing assembly includes at least two different specifications model size's crushing cutter head part, so that different specifications model size's crushing cutter head part can simultaneously crush wood or respectively use the same model size's crushing cutter head part and crush wood, and the different specifications model size's crushing cutter head part is switched to realize switching coarse and fine crushing mode. The utility model wood can according to the processing demand flexible switching coarse crushing or fine crushing work mode, realized the intelligent crushing function of single equipment multi -granularity output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wood crushing and processing technology, and in particular to a wood crusher with switchable coarse and fine crushing modes. Background Technology

[0002] Wood shredders are widely used in wood processing, biomass energy, landscaping, and agricultural waste treatment. They are primarily used to crush logs, branches, wood scraps, and garden trimmings into wood chips, flakes, or powder of a specific particle size. Traditional wood shredders typically employ a single-stage rotary cutter head or hammer impact structure, using fixed blades to shred wood in a single pass. The output particle size is determined by the blade shape and screen aperture, resulting in relatively limited functionality. While these machines are generally simple in structure and low in cost, they struggle to meet diverse and sophisticated production needs, especially in scenarios requiring frequent switching between coarse and fine shredding modes, exhibiting poor adaptability and low efficiency.

[0003] With the improvement of the comprehensive utilization level of wood resources and the increasingly stringent requirements of downstream industries (such as the production of engineered wood products, biomass pellet fuel, and organic matrix) for raw material particle size, the market urgently needs an intelligent wood crushing equipment that can flexibly adjust the crushing particle size and achieve "multi-purpose use." However, most existing wood crushers have a series of technical defects. For example, existing wood crushers generally suffer from the fundamental defect of "fixed and unadjustable crushing modes." The vast majority of traditional equipment is only equipped with a fixed set of blade systems, such as only large-pitch hammers for coarse crushing or only densely spaced blades for fine crushing. This design means that one machine can only produce a product of one particle size. If such traditional equipment is used, two dedicated crushers must be purchased separately, one for coarse crushing and one for fine crushing, which easily reduces production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes, comprising: Timber feeding bin, used for feeding timber; The wood crushing box is installed at the bottom of the wood feeding hopper and is used for short-term storage of the wood after it has been fed in. A shredding assembly, installed in a wood shredding box, is used to shred wood; The secondary crushing mechanism is located directly below the crushing component and in the lower part of the wood crushing chamber, so that the wood crushed by the crushing component is then subjected to secondary shearing by the secondary crushing mechanism. The pulverizing assembly includes at least two different sizes of pulverizing blades, enabling the pulverizing blades of different sizes to pulverize wood simultaneously or to pulverize wood using the same size of pulverizing blades. The coarse and fine pulverizing modes can be switched by switching between different sizes of pulverizing blades.

[0006] This preferred option also includes: A servo motor, located on the outside of the wood shredding box, is used to drive the shredding components to shred the wood. The transmission component, located on the other side of the wood crushing box, is used to drive the crushing component to rotate centripetally and crush the wood.

[0007] This preferred option also includes: A protective cover is installed on the outer wall of the wood shredder to protect the transmission components. The bracket is used to support the servo motor and the wood shredder.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this scheme, the pulverizing component includes: Two drive shafts are symmetrically installed in the wood shredding box. The crushing discs are fixedly installed on the outer wall of each drive shaft at intervals and in a cross-mounted manner, and the crushing cutter head is disposed on the periphery of each crushing disc; The shredder head component includes: The first shredder is fitted to the outer wall of a shredder disc at intervals around the two drive shafts. The second crushing blade is fitted to the outer wall of each crushing disc at intervals around the two drive shafts; The first and second shredders are arranged at intervals and crosswise on multiple shredding discs on two drive shafts.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, each of the pulverizing discs has a plurality of blade mounting slots arranged in a ring array on its outer periphery for mounting the first or second pulverizing blade. The first and second pulverizing blades are mounted in the blade mounting slots by locking bolts.

[0010] In this preferred embodiment, the crushing blades on the two drive shafts are arranged in a relatively concentric manner, so that the wood is fed downward between the two drive shafts and crushed by the concentrically arranged crushing blades.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the transmission assembly includes two meshing transmission gears connected together. The two transmission gears are respectively interference-fitted onto one end of the two drive shafts extending to the outside of the wood crushing box. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to and driven by one of the drive shafts through a reducer.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the secondary crushing mechanism includes a secondary crushing frame installed in the lower part of the wood crushing chamber, two secondary crushing blades installed vertically and horizontally on opposite side walls of the secondary crushing frame, and a first cylinder and a second cylinder that drive the two secondary crushing blades synchronously toward the center or away from each other.

[0013] In this preferred embodiment, the secondary crushing frame is located directly below the crushing component, and a secondary crushing opening for cutting wood is provided between the sharp cutting ends of the two secondary crushing shear blades. Both outer walls of the secondary crushing frame are provided with stroke positioning channels for the secondary crushing shear blades to pass through.

[0014] In this preferred embodiment, the free ends of the piston rods of the first and second cylinders are fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two secondary crushing shear blades, respectively. The first and second cylinders are respectively installed on the outer wall of the wood crushing box, so that the piston rods of the first and second cylinders penetrate the wood crushing box and synchronously extend and retract to drive the two secondary crushing shear blades to move inward to cut the wood or to open away from each other to feed the cut wood.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows: This wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes, by incorporating at least two different sizes of shredding blades (first and second blades) in its shredding assembly, and combining them with a selectively usable primary and secondary shredding structure, allows wood to flexibly switch between coarse and fine shredding modes according to processing needs. This achieves intelligent shredding functionality with multiple particle sizes output from a single unit. Compared to existing technologies that require replacing the entire set of blades or relying on multiple units to achieve different particle sizes, this significantly improves equipment versatility and reduces investment and maintenance costs. The "switchable coarse and fine shredding mode" function utilizes the larger, densely packed, and narrowly spaced first blade to create a continuous shearing surface under high-speed rotation, shredding the wood to obtain fine, uniform particles or strip-shaped boards. Meanwhile, the smaller, wider-spaced second blade retains the fiber structure through low-frequency impact and tearing, outputting coarse particles or strip-shaped boards, greatly improving production continuity and response speed.

[0016] By arranging the first and second shredders at an alternating cross pattern on the shredding discs of two drive shafts, the wood is subjected to alternating and continuous shearing forces after entering the shredding chamber. This achieves uniform and efficient shredding of the wood. Compared with the existing technology where a single arrangement of blades can easily cause local blockages or uneven shredding, this technology improves shredding efficiency and output consistency. The cross arrangement enhances the disturbance of materials in the shredding zone, ensuring that each blade can effectively participate in the shredding process, especially when processing branches or irregular wood.

[0017] By setting up a secondary crushing shear blade driven synchronously by the first and second cylinders and installing it within the stroke positioning channel of the secondary crushing frame, the secondary shearing action can be precisely opened and closed via pneumatic control. This achieves automated opening and closing of the secondary crushing mechanism, resulting in rapid response mode switching and improved automation. This design ensures no additional energy consumption in coarse crushing mode and achieves fine shearing in fine crushing mode, thus optimizing the energy efficiency ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the two transmission gears of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drive shaft and the crushing wheel of this utility model; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-stage crushing mechanism of this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: In the diagram: 1. Timber feeding bin; 2. Timber crushing box; 3. Crushing assembly; 4. Protective cover; 5. Servo motor; 6. Control box; 7. Support frame; 8. Transmission assembly; 9. Transmission gear; 10. First cylinder; 11. Cylinder air pipe; 12. Second cylinder; 13. Drive shaft; 14. Crushing wheel; 15. First crushing blade; 16. Second crushing blade; 17. Secondary crushing frame; 18. Secondary crushing mechanism; 19. Blade mounting slot; 20. Locking bolt; 21. Secondary crushing shear blades; 22. Secondary crushing inlet; 23. Stroke positioning channel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the directions mentioned herein, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside, are based on the directions shown in the figures of this utility model, and are explained here together.

[0023] This embodiment provides, for example Figures 1 to 5 The wood shredder shown has switchable coarse and fine shredding modes, including a wood feeding bin 1, a wood shredding box 2, a shredding assembly 3, and a secondary shredding mechanism 18.

[0024] In this embodiment, the wood feeding bin 1 is used for feeding wood; the wood crushing box 2 is installed at the bottom of the wood feeding bin 1 for temporary storage of the fed wood; the crushing component 3 is installed in the wood crushing box 2 for crushing wood; the secondary crushing mechanism 18 is located directly below the crushing component 3 and in the lower part of the inner cavity of the wood crushing box 2, so that the wood crushed by the crushing component 3 is then subjected to secondary shearing by the secondary crushing mechanism 18; the crushing component 3 includes at least two different specifications and sizes of crushing blades, so that the crushing blades of different specifications and sizes can crush wood simultaneously or crush wood using the same type of crushing blades, and the coarse and fine crushing modes can be switched by switching the crushing blades of different specifications and sizes.

[0025] This embodiment also includes: Servo motor 5 is located on the outside of wood crushing box 2 and is used to drive crushing component 3 to crush wood. The transmission component 8 is located on the other side of the wood crushing box 2 and is used to drive the crushing component 3 to rotate centripetally to crush the wood.

[0026] This embodiment also includes: Protective cover 4 is installed on the outer wall of the wood crushing box 2 to cover and protect the transmission assembly 8; Support bracket 7 is used to support the servo motor 5 and the wood shredder box 2.

[0027] In this embodiment, the crushing component 3 includes: Two drive shafts 13 are symmetrically installed in the wood crushing box 2; The crushing discs 14 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of each drive shaft 13 around the periphery, and are installed in a staggered manner. The crushing head components are set on the periphery of each crushing disc 14. The shredder head component includes: The first shredder 15 is fitted to the outer wall of a shredder disc 14 at intervals around the two drive shafts 13. The second crushing blade 16 is fitted to the outer wall of a crushing disc 14 at intervals around the two drive shafts 13. The first crushing blade 15 and the second crushing blade 16 are arranged in a staggered manner on multiple crushing discs 14 on the two drive shafts 13.

[0028] In this embodiment, each pulverizing disc 14 has a plurality of blade mounting grooves 19 arranged in a ring array on its peripheral outer wall for mounting the first pulverizing blade 15 or the second pulverizing blade 16. The first pulverizing blade 15 and the second pulverizing blade 16 are mounted in the blade mounting grooves 19 by locking bolts 20.

[0029] In this embodiment, the crushing blades on the two drive shafts 13 are arranged in a relatively centripetal manner, so that the wood is input downward between the two drive shafts 13 and crushed by the centripetally arranged crushing blades.

[0030] In this embodiment, the transmission assembly 8 includes two transmission gears 9 that mesh with each other. The two transmission gears 9 are respectively interference-fitted on one end of the two drive shafts 13 extending to the outside of the wood crushing box 2. The output shaft of the servo motor 5 is connected to and driven by one of the drive shafts 13 through a reducer.

[0031] In this embodiment, the secondary crushing mechanism 18 includes a secondary crushing frame 17 installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the wood crushing box 2, two secondary crushing blades 21 installed vertically and horizontally on opposite side walls of the secondary crushing frame 17, and a first cylinder 10 and a second cylinder 12 that drive the two secondary crushing blades 21 to move synchronously toward the center or away from each other.

[0032] In this embodiment, the secondary crushing frame 17 is located directly below the crushing component 3. There is a secondary crushing opening 22 between the sharp ends of the two secondary crushing shear blades 21 for cutting and feeding wood. Both sides of the outer wall of the secondary crushing frame 17 are provided with stroke positioning channels 23 for the secondary crushing shear blades 21 to pass through.

[0033] In this embodiment, the free ends of the piston rods of the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 12 are fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two secondary crushing shear blades 21, respectively. The first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 12 are respectively installed on the outer wall of the wood crushing box 2, so that the piston rods of the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 12 penetrate the wood crushing box 2 and synchronously extend and retract to drive the two secondary crushing shear blades 21 to move inward to cut the wood or to open away from each other to feed the cut wood. A control box 6 is installed on the outer wall of the wood crushing box 2, and the control box 6 contains a PLC for controlling the opening and closing of various electronic devices. There is a feeding port for feeding the crushed wood at the bottom of the wood crushing box 2. The tail ends of the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 12 are both equipped with cylinder air pipes 11.

[0034] Working principle This wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes is securely installed on a flat surface using a bracket 7 to ensure stable and vibration-free operation. When the power is connected and the control box 6 is started, its internal PLC control system controls the servo motor 5, the first cylinder 10, and the second cylinder 12. The wood to be processed is fed into the wood feeding hopper 1 and falls into the inner cavity of the wood shredding box 2 below by gravity, achieving initial storage and guidance of the material. The PLC starts the servo motor 5, whose output shaft drives one of the drive shafts 13 to rotate via a reducer. Since the ends of the two drive shafts 13 are connected by two meshing transmission gears 9, the other drive shaft 13 rotates synchronously in opposite directions, forming a centripetal shearing motion.

[0035] Multiple crushing discs 14 mounted on the drive shaft 13 rotate at high speed. Each crushing disc 14 has a ring array of blade mounting grooves 19 around its periphery. A first crushing blade 15 and a second crushing blade 16 are detachably mounted on the discs by locking bolts 20. The two are arranged in a staggered pattern on adjacent crushing discs.

[0036] When the wood enters the primary crushing zone, in the "fine crushing mode," the first crushing blade 15 is used. This blade has a large body, dense arrangement, and narrow spacing. Under high-speed rotation, it forms a dense and continuous shearing surface, performing high-frequency shearing and strong impact on the wood. The fibers are fully cut, achieving efficient fine crushing and outputting small, uniform particles or strip-shaped boards. In the "coarse crushing mode," the second crushing blade 16 is used. This blade has a smaller body and wider spacing, and cuts less per unit time. It mainly breaks the wood into larger blocks through impact and tearing, retaining more fiber structure and outputting coarse particles. It is suitable for subsequent processing where high fiber integrity is required. Users can also mix and install the two types of blades according to the characteristics of the raw materials to achieve graded crushing and improve processing adaptability.

[0037] The wood chips after primary crushing fall downwards under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, entering the lower part of the inner cavity of the wood crushing box 2. The wood chips after preliminary crushing fall into the area of ​​the secondary crushing frame 17, located directly below the primary crushing component 3. When the "fine grinding mode" is selected, the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 12 are connected to compressed air through the cylinder air pipe 11. The piston rod extends inward synchronously and pushes the two secondary grinding shear blades 21 to move centripetally along the stroke positioning channel 23, so that their shearing ends close at the secondary grinding opening 22, forming a shear-type shearing. The falling fine fragments are sheared again to further remove long fibers and burrs, and improve particle uniformity and surface smoothness.

[0038] When the "coarse crushing mode" is selected, the piston rods of the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 12 retract, causing the two secondary crushing shear blades 21 to separate in opposite directions. The secondary crushing port 22 is fully opened, and the coarse crushed material falls directly through the open channel without secondary shearing, maintaining a larger particle size output and avoiding over-crushing that would waste energy. The opening and closing of the secondary crushing mechanism 18 is automatically controlled by the PLC and is linked with the primary crushing mode to achieve full automation and seamless switching.

[0039] After primary crushing and optional secondary shearing, the wood is processed into crushed material that meets the set particle size. The finished material is discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the wood crushing box 2 and can be connected to a conveyor belt or collection device.

[0040] After the operation is completed, the equipment is shut down via control box 6, and the servo motor 5 and cylinder system stop running.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "one" and "two" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the phrase "comprising an element defined as..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes, characterized in that, include: Timber feeding bin (1), used for feeding timber; The wood crushing box (2) is installed at the bottom of the wood feeding bin (1) and is used for short-term storage of the wood after it is fed in. The crushing component (3) is installed in the wood crushing box (2) for crushing wood; The secondary crushing mechanism (18) is located directly below the crushing component (3) and in the lower part of the inner cavity of the wood crushing box (2), so that the wood crushed by the crushing component (3) is then subjected to secondary shearing by the secondary crushing mechanism (18); The crushing component (3) includes at least two different types of crushing blades, so that the different types of crushing blades can crush wood at the same time or crush wood using the same type of crushing blade. The coarse and fine crushing modes can be switched by switching between different types of crushing blades.

2. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A servo motor (5) is located outside the wood crushing box (2) and is used to drive the crushing assembly (3) to crush the wood. The transmission assembly (8) is located on the other side of the wood crushing box (2) and is used to drive the crushing assembly (3) to rotate centripetally to crush the wood.

3. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A protective cover (4) is installed on the outer wall of the wood crushing box (2) to cover and protect the transmission components (8). The bracket (7) is used to support the servo motor (5) and the wood shredder (2).

4. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing component (3) includes: Two drive shafts (13) are symmetrically mounted in the wood crushing box (2); The crushing discs (14) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of each drive shaft (13) in a staggered manner, and the crushing blades are arranged on the periphery of each crushing disc (14). The shredder head component includes: The first crushing blade (15) is fitted to the outer wall of a crushing disc (14) at intervals around the two drive shafts (13); The second crushing blade (16) is fitted to the outer wall of each crushing disc (14) at intervals around the two drive shafts (13); The first crushing blade (15) and the second crushing blade (16) are arranged in a staggered manner on multiple crushing discs (14) on two drive shafts (13).

5. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the pulverizing discs (14) has a ring array of multiple blade mounting slots (19) arranged for the first pulverizing blade (15) or the second pulverizing blade (16) to be installed. The first pulverizing blade (15) and the second pulverizing blade (16) are installed in the blade mounting slots (19) by locking bolts (20).

6. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing blades on the two drive shafts (13) are arranged in a relatively concentric manner, so that the wood is fed downward between the two drive shafts (13) and crushed by the concentrically arranged crushing blades.

7. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (8) includes two transmission gears (9) that mesh together. The two transmission gears (9) are respectively interference-fitted on one end of the two drive shafts (13) extending to the outside of the wood crushing box (2). The output shaft of the servo motor (5) is connected to and driven by one of the drive shafts (13) through a reducer.

8. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary crushing mechanism (18) includes a secondary crushing frame (17) installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the wood crushing box (2), two secondary crushing blades (21) installed on opposite side walls of the secondary crushing frame (17) in a cross pattern, and a first cylinder (10) and a second cylinder (12) that drive the two secondary crushing blades (21) to move synchronously toward each other or away from each other.

9. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The secondary crushing frame (17) is located directly below the crushing component (3). There is a secondary crushing opening (22) between the sharp ends of the two secondary crushing shear blades (21) for cutting wood. Both sides of the outer wall of the secondary crushing frame (17) are provided with stroke positioning channels (23) for the secondary crushing shear blades (21) to pass through.

10. The wood shredder with switchable coarse and fine shredding modes according to claim 9, characterized in that: The free ends of the piston rods of the first cylinder (10) and the second cylinder (12) are fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two secondary crushing shear blades (21). The first cylinder (10) and the second cylinder (12) are respectively installed on the outer wall of the wood crushing box (2), so that the piston rods of the first cylinder (10) and the second cylinder (12) penetrate the wood crushing box (2) and synchronously extend and retract to drive the two secondary crushing shear blades (21) to move inward to cut the wood or move away from each other to open the cut wood for feeding.

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