Plastic shredder with dust protection
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522799764.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-30
Smart Images
Figure CN224867662U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of plastic crushers, specifically to a plastic crusher with a dustproof device. Background Technology
[0002] Plastic crushers, as core equipment for recycling substandard plastic products, play an indispensable role in industrial production. However, in practical applications, existing plastic crushers generally suffer from a series of technical defects that urgently need to be addressed. During high-speed crushing operations, the plastic material is subjected to strong impacts from the rotating blades, generating a large number of fine dust particles. These dust particles are easily dispersed from the feed inlet, discharge outlet, and gaps between components due to internal airflow disturbances, leading to severe pollution of the workshop environment. Long-term inhalation of such dust by operators can cause respiratory discomfort and even chronic health problems. Simultaneously, the small plastic fragments generated during crushing are often splashed outwards from the open feed inlet under centrifugal force, posing a direct safety threat to operators nearby and potentially causing eye or skin injuries. Furthermore, traditional feeding methods rely entirely on manual handling and dumping of plastic parts, which not only consumes a lot of physical labor and reduces production efficiency, but also requires operators to be exposed in front of the feed inlet at the moment of feeding, further increasing the risk of being hit by flying fragments. Although some improvement solutions attempt to use external dust collection systems or spray cleaning methods, external dust collection often fails to completely remove dust due to uneven suction coverage, while spray cleaning can easily cause plastic particles to become damp and clump together, affecting subsequent processing and potentially introducing additional water pollution problems. Moreover, these solutions generally suffer from drawbacks such as cumbersome structure and difficult maintenance. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a plastic crusher with a dustproof device.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a plastic crusher with a dustproof device, comprising a frame (1), a crushing chamber (2) disposed on the frame (1), a feed inlet (21) opened at the top of the crushing chamber (2), and a discharge outlet (22) opened at the bottom of the crushing chamber (2), and further comprising a dustproof feeding unit (3) and a crushing dust suppression unit (4); the dustproof feeding unit (3) is disposed at the feed inlet (21), and includes an openable and closable dustproof gate mechanism for closing the feed inlet (21) during non-feeding periods. The dust suppression unit (4) includes a main rotating shaft (41) and a filter outer cylinder (42) coaxially arranged in the crushing chamber (2). The main rotating shaft (41) is equipped with crushing blades (411), and the filter outer cylinder (42) has filter micropores (421) on its wall. The main rotating shaft (41) and the filter outer cylinder (42) are connected by a transmission mechanism and can be driven to rotate at different speeds or in opposite directions.
[0005] In some embodiments, the dustproof gate mechanism includes a dustproof plate (31), a drive member (32), and a guide assembly; the dustproof plate (31) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed inlet (21) via a rotating shaft (311) in its middle; the fixed end of the drive member (32) is hinged to the frame (1) or the crushing chamber (2), and its movable end is hinged to one end of the dustproof plate (31); the guide assembly is disposed on the inner wall of the feed inlet (21) and is used to limit the movement of the other end of the dustproof plate (31).
[0006] In some embodiments, the guiding component is an arc-shaped guide groove (33) formed on the inner sidewall of the feed inlet (21), and the other end of the dustproof plate (31) is provided with a guide post (312) that extends into the arc-shaped guide groove (33) and slides.
[0007] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes a first gear (43) disposed on the main rotating shaft (41), a gear ring (44) disposed on the outer wall of the filter outer cylinder (42), and at least one intermediate gear (45) meshing between the first gear (43) and the gear ring (44).
[0008] In some embodiments, an integrated dust removal system (5) is also included, which includes a dust collection chamber (51) and a negative pressure fan (52); the dust collection chamber (51) is connected to the tail of the crushing chamber (2) through a duct, and the upper part of the dust collection chamber (51) is provided with an exhaust port (521) of the negative pressure fan (52); an adsorption-level filter and a fine filter are arranged sequentially in the dust collection chamber (51) along the airflow direction.
[0009] In some embodiments, the adsorption-stage filter element is a heatable adhesive plate (53), and the adhesive plate (53) has a heating element (531) inside or on its surface.
[0010] In some embodiments, the fine filtration stage filter element is a high-efficiency filter (54).
[0011] In some embodiments, a closed collection unit (6) is also included, which includes a collection vehicle (61) and a flexible connector (62); the top of the collection vehicle (61) is provided with a feed port with a movable cover; the upper end of the flexible connector (62) is sealed to the discharge port (22), and the lower end is sealed to the feed port of the collection vehicle (61).
[0012] In some embodiments, the flexible connector (62) is a dust collector bag.
[0013] In some embodiments, an automatic feeding unit (7) is also included, which includes an inclined conveyor belt (71) with the end of the conveyor belt (71) located above the dustproof feeding unit (3).
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: Excellent dustproof and safety performance: The dustproof panel design that can be automatically closed physically isolates the crushing chamber during non-feeding periods, effectively preventing dust from escaping and high-speed fragments from flying and injuring people, thus ensuring a safe and clean operating environment from the source.
[0015] High dust suppression efficiency and good integration: Combining a rotating filter cartridge with a reverse crushing design, it achieves material throwing and preliminary gas-solid separation while crushing, improving the timeliness and efficiency of dust removal. Subsequent multi-stage dust removal (heat adsorption + filtration) is designed specifically for the characteristics of plastic dust, ensuring thorough treatment and avoiding the problem of incomplete dust removal by a single method.
[0016] Increased automation reduces labor risks: The automatic feeding and enclosed collection design reduces the working time and exposure risks of operators in the core area of the crusher, reduces labor intensity, and meets the requirements of modern safe production.
[0017] Compact structure and easy maintenance: Each functional unit is modularly designed, and consumable parts such as the adsorption plate and filter screen are all detachable, which facilitates regular cleaning or replacement and ensures long-term stable operation of the equipment.
[0018] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of this application more readily apparent. The embodiments of this application will provide a detailed description and understanding of the application. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the dustproof feeding unit; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the transmission principle of the dust suppression unit; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated dust removal and collection system.
[0020] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Crushing chamber; 21. Feed inlet; 22. Discharge outlet; 3. Dustproof feeding unit; 31. Dustproof plate; 32. Drive component; 311. Rotating shaft; 33. Arc-shaped guide groove; 312. Guide column; 4. Crushing and dust suppression unit; 41. Main rotating shaft; 42. Filter outer cylinder; 411. Crushing blade; 421. Filter micropores; 43. First gear; 44. Gear ring; 45. Intermediate gear; 5. Integrated dust removal system; 51. Dust collection chamber; 52. Negative pressure fan; 521. Exhaust vent; 53. Adhesion plate; 531. Heating element; 54. High-efficiency filter screen; 6. Enclosed collection unit; 61. Collection cart; 62. Flexible connector; 7. Automatic feeding unit; 71. Conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0022] Traditional plastic crushers commonly suffer from several problems during the crushing process, including dust leakage that pollutes the workshop environment, flying particles or fragments from the feed inlet posing a safety threat to operators, and time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unsafe manual feeding. Existing improvement solutions, such as external dust collection or spray cleaning, are often complex in structure, ineffective in dust removal, and may even introduce water pollution, failing to effectively solve these problems.
[0023] In this regard, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this application proposes a plastic crusher with a dustproof device, including a frame 1, a crushing chamber 2 disposed on the frame 1, a feed inlet 21 opened at the top of the crushing chamber 2 and a discharge outlet 22 opened at the bottom of the crushing chamber 2, and also includes a dustproof feeding unit 3 and a crushing dust suppression unit 4. The dustproof feeding unit 3 is located at the feeding port 21 and includes an openable and closable dustproof gate mechanism for closing the feeding port 21 during non-feeding periods. The dust suppression unit 4 includes a main rotating shaft 41 and a filter outer cylinder 42 coaxially arranged in the crushing chamber 2. The main rotating shaft 41 is equipped with crushing blades 411, and the filter outer cylinder 42 has filter micropores 421 on its cylinder wall. The main rotating shaft 41 and the filter outer cylinder 42 are connected by a transmission mechanism and can be driven to rotate at different speeds or in opposite directions.
[0024] This application provides a plastic crusher with a dustproof device. The crusher includes a frame 1, which serves as the supporting structure of the equipment and supports a crushing chamber 2. The crushing chamber 2 is the core space for plastic crushing operations, with a feed inlet 21 at the top for feeding in the plastic material to be crushed, and a discharge outlet 22 at the bottom for discharging the crushed material. For example, the frame 1 can be constructed of welded steel, and the crushing chamber 2 can be a closed container with a wear-resistant lining. The feed inlet 21 and discharge outlet 22 are connected to the outside via pipes or funnel structures, respectively.
[0025] To address the issues of dust leakage and material splashing, this application includes a dustproof feeding unit 3. This dustproof feeding unit 3 is located at the feed inlet 21, and its core component is an openable and closable dustproof gate mechanism. This mechanism can completely close the feed inlet 21 during non-feeding periods, effectively blocking dust and splashes. Specifically, the dustproof gate mechanism can be a simple sliding door that moves laterally on a guide rail manually or electrically to cover or expose the feed inlet 21; alternatively, it can be a flap door, hinged to one side of the feed inlet 21, kept closed by gravity or spring force, and opened manually or mechanically during feeding.
[0026] Furthermore, this application also includes a crushing and dust suppression unit 4, which is coaxially disposed inside the crushing chamber 2. This crushing and dust suppression unit 4 is an integrated component inside the crushing chamber 2, responsible not only for crushing the plastic but also for suppressing dust generation and diffusion. The unit includes a main rotating shaft 41 and a filter outer cylinder 42. The main rotating shaft 41 is the main working component of the crusher, driven to rotate to provide crushing power. The filter outer cylinder 42 is arranged around the main rotating shaft 41, forming an internal filtration barrier. For example, the main rotating shaft 41 can be a solid or hollow metal shaft, supported at both ends of the crushing chamber 2 by bearings; the filter outer cylinder 42 can be a cylindrical or polygonal cylinder with an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the crushing chamber 2, and maintains a coaxial relationship with the main rotating shaft 41.
[0027] Crushing blades 411 are mounted on the main rotating shaft 41. These crushing blades 411 are tools that directly crush plastic materials. As the main rotating shaft 41 rotates at high speed, they shear, impact, and grind the plastic entering the crushing chamber 2. The crushing blades 411 can take various forms, such as multiple rows of hammers fixed on the shaft, or detachable cutters fixed to the surface of the main rotating shaft 41 by bolts or pins.
[0028] The outer filter cylinder 42 has filter micropores 421 on its wall. These micropores 421 allow qualified materials to pass through during the crushing process, while simultaneously blocking fine dust particles to prevent them from directly diffusing into the external space of the crushing chamber 2. The filter micropores 421 can be circular, square, or slit-shaped holes formed on the cylinder wall by drilling, punching, or laser cutting, and their pore size is designed to effectively separate dust from qualified materials.
[0029] Furthermore, the main rotating shaft 41 and the outer filter cylinder 42 are connected by a transmission mechanism and can be driven to rotate at different speeds or in opposite directions. This transmission mechanism is a mechanical device connecting the main rotating shaft 41 and the outer filter cylinder 42, and its function is to enable relative motion between the two, thereby enhancing the pulverizing efficiency and dust suppression effect. For example, the transmission mechanism may include independent motors and reducers to drive the main rotating shaft 41 and the outer filter cylinder 42 respectively, with their respective speeds and directions adjusted by an electronic control system; alternatively, it may be a simple belt drive system, using pulleys of different diameters to achieve speed differences and cross belts to achieve opposite rotation directions.
[0030] The plastic crusher with a dustproof device proposed in this application effectively seals the feed inlet 21 during non-feeding periods by setting up a dustproof feeding unit 3, thereby significantly reducing the risk of dust leakage from the feed inlet 21 and the splashing of crushed materials, and improving the operational safety of operators. Simultaneously, the introduction of the crushing dust suppression unit 4, especially the synergistic effect of the main rotating shaft 41 and the filter outer cylinder 42, and their adjustable speed and direction, not only improves the crushing efficiency of plastics but also provides preliminary internal filtration and blocking of fine dust generated during the crushing process, inhibiting dust diffusion at the source and effectively improving the cleanliness of the workshop environment. In some embodiments described above in this application, a dustproof feeding unit 3 is proposed to include an openable and closable dustproof gate mechanism for closing the feed inlet 21 during non-feeding periods. However, in actual operation, simple opening and closing mechanisms may have problems such as poor sealing, unstable opening and closing, or easy displacement due to material impact, thereby affecting the dustproof effect and the reliability of equipment operation.
[0031] In response, this application further proposes a dustproof gate mechanism, which includes a dustproof plate 31, a driving component 32, and a guiding assembly. The dustproof plate 31 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed inlet 21 via a central pivot 311; the fixed end of the driving component 32 is hinged to the frame 1 or the crushing chamber 2, and its movable end is hinged to one end of the dustproof plate 31; the guiding assembly is disposed on the inner wall of the feed inlet 21 and is used to limit the movement of the other end of the dustproof plate 31.
[0032] Specifically, the dustproof plate 31 is the core component of the dustproof gate mechanism. Its main function is to physically close the feed inlet 21 during non-feeding periods to prevent dust from overflowing. The dustproof plate 31 is typically made of materials with certain strength and wear resistance, such as metal sheets or polymer composite materials, to withstand the impact of materials and long-term use. Its shape and size should match the opening of the feed inlet 21 to ensure complete coverage and an effective seal. The rotating shaft 311 is the key structure for the dustproof plate 31 to rotate and open / close. The dustproof plate 31 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed inlet 21 via the rotating shaft 311 in its middle, allowing the dustproof plate 31 to rotate around the rotating shaft 311, thereby opening and closing the feed inlet 21. The rotating shaft 311 ensures the smoothness of the movement and the accuracy of the positioning of the dustproof plate 31. The drive unit 32 provides power to drive the dustproof plate 31 to open and close. The fixed end of the drive component 32 can be hinged to a suitable position on the frame 1 or the crushing chamber 2 to provide a stable support point. Its movable end is hinged to one end of the dustproof plate 31. Through the extension, retraction, or rotation of the drive component 32, the dustproof plate 31 is driven to rotate around the shaft 311. The drive component 32 can take various forms, such as a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric push rod, or a motor with a linkage mechanism. The specific selection can be determined based on the required driving force, response speed, and control precision. A guide assembly is located on the inner wall of the feed inlet 21. Its function is to limit and guide the movement of the other end of the dustproof plate 31. During the rotation of the dustproof plate 31, the guide assembly can constrain the movement trajectory of the dustproof plate 31, preventing it from lateral swaying or deviating from the preset position, thereby ensuring that the dustproof plate 31 can accurately and smoothly close the feed inlet 21 and maintain a good sealing condition. The guiding components can adopt various structures, such as guide rails, guide grooves with sliders or guide posts, or simple limit blocks, etc. Their design should ensure the smoothness of the dustproof plate 31 during the opening and closing process and the stability of the final positioning.
[0033] Through the above technical solution, the dustproof gate mechanism, employing the coordinated operation of the dustproof plate 31, the driving component 32, and the guiding assembly, effectively solves the problems of poor sealing, unstable opening and closing, or displacement due to material impact that may exist in traditional simple opening and closing mechanisms. Specifically, the dustproof plate 31 achieves precise rotational opening and closing via the rotating shaft 311, ensuring that the feed inlet 21 is completely covered. The driving component 32 provides a stable and reliable driving force, ensuring that the dustproof plate 31 can overcome resistance and achieve smooth and accurate opening and closing. At the same time, the guiding assembly limits the movement of the other end of the dustproof plate 31, effectively preventing the dustproof plate 31 from shaking or deviating during the opening and closing process, ensuring a tight fit and reliable seal between the dustproof plate 31 and the feed inlet 21. This structural design enables the dustproof gate mechanism to form a stable and efficient seal during non-feeding periods, significantly improving the dustproof effect of the crusher during operation, reducing dust leakage, improving the working environment, and enhancing the operational reliability of the equipment. In some embodiments described above in this application, a dustproof gate mechanism is proposed, which opens and closes the feed inlet 21 by rotating the dustproof plate 31, and is equipped with a guide component to restrict the movement of the dustproof plate 31. However, in practical applications, if the structure of the guide component is not properly designed, the dustproof plate 31 may experience jamming, unstable operation, or inaccurate positioning during the opening and closing process, thereby affecting the dustproof effect and the reliability of equipment operation. Especially in dusty environments and under frequent operation, higher requirements are placed on the stability and smoothness of the guide mechanism.
[0034] In this regard, this application further proposes that the aforementioned guiding component is an arc-shaped guide groove 33 opened on the inner side wall of the aforementioned feed inlet 21, and the other end of the aforementioned dustproof plate 31 is provided with a guide post 312 that extends into the aforementioned arc-shaped guide groove 33 and slides.
[0035] Specifically, the arc-shaped guide groove 33 is a groove-shaped structure set on the inner wall of the feed inlet 21, and its shape matches the rotation trajectory of the dustproof plate 31. Its main function is to provide precise movement path guidance and limitation for the free end of the dustproof plate 31, ensuring that the dustproof plate 31 can rotate smoothly along the preset arc under the action of the drive component 32, thereby realizing the effective opening and closing of the feed inlet 21. The arc-shaped guide groove 33 can be formed on the inner wall of the feed inlet 21 by milling, casting or welding, and its surface can be polished or coated with a low-friction material to reduce sliding resistance. At the same time, the guide post 312 is set at the other end of the dustproof plate 31, that is, the end away from the connection end of the drive component 32. The structure of the guide post 312 is usually cylindrical or rod-shaped with a certain cross-sectional shape, and its size matches the width of the arc-shaped guide groove 33, allowing it to extend into the arc-shaped guide groove 33 and slide along it. The guide post 312 and the arc-shaped guide groove 33 work together to form a precise guiding mechanism for the dustproof plate 31, ensuring that the dustproof plate 31 maintains the correct posture during rotation and avoids deviation or jamming. The guide post 312 can be made of wear-resistant materials, such as high-strength steel, engineering plastics, or composite materials, to withstand long-term sliding wear.
[0036] Through the above technical solution, the guiding component is concretized into a cooperative structure of arc-shaped guide groove 33 and guide post 312, which precisely limits the movement trajectory of the dustproof plate 31. When the driving component 32 drives the dustproof plate 31 to rotate, the guide post 312 at the other end of the dustproof plate 31 will slide smoothly within the arc-shaped guide groove 33 on the inner wall of the feed inlet 21, thereby ensuring that the dustproof plate 31 can open and close smoothly and stably along the preset arc. This structural design effectively avoids the possible jamming or deviation of the dustproof plate 31 during movement, significantly improving the operational reliability and positioning accuracy of the dustproof gate mechanism. The precise guiding effect ensures that the dustproof plate 31 can completely seal the feed inlet 21, thereby maximizing the prevention of dust overflow, improving the dustproof effect of the entire plastic crusher, and extending the service life of the equipment. In some embodiments described above in this application, the main rotating shaft 41 of the dust suppression unit 4 is connected to the outer filter cylinder 42 via a transmission mechanism and can be driven to rotate at different speeds or in opposite directions. However, in practical applications, designing a transmission mechanism that is compact, reliable in transmission, and capable of flexibly realizing differential or reverse rotation between the main rotating shaft 41 and the outer filter cylinder 42 is crucial to ensuring the dust suppression effect and stable operation of the equipment.
[0037] In this regard, this application further proposes that the transmission mechanism includes a first gear 43 disposed on the main rotating shaft 41, a gear ring 44 disposed on the outer wall of the filter outer cylinder 42, and at least one intermediate gear 45 meshing between the first gear 43 and the gear ring 44.
[0038] Specifically, a transmission mechanism is a mechanical device used to transmit power and motion, and its core function is to realize the conversion of speed, torque, or direction of motion between different components. In this application, the transmission mechanism aims to precisely control the relative motion between the main rotating shaft 41 and the filter outer cylinder 42 to achieve specific pulverization and dust suppression effects. Its implementation can be varied, such as through gears, chains, belts, etc., but this embodiment uses gear transmission. The first gear 43 is a key component in the transmission mechanism; it is typically a circular component with teeth, used to mesh with other gears to transmit rotational motion and torque. In this embodiment, the first gear 43 is mounted on the main rotating shaft 41 as the starting point for power input or output. Its design needs to consider the fixing method with the main rotating shaft 41 (such as key connection, expansion sleeve connection, etc.) and the meshing accuracy with subsequent gears. The gear ring 44 is a ring gear with internal or external teeth, characterized by its teeth distributed on a circular ring. In this embodiment, the gear ring 44 is disposed on the outer wall of the filter outer cylinder 42. As an important link in the transmission chain, its size and number of teeth determine the transmission ratio with the intermediate gear 45. The gear ring 44 can be integrally formed on the filter outer cylinder 42, or it can be fixed to the outer cylinder by bolts, welding, or other methods. The intermediate gear 45 is one or more gears disposed between the first gear 43 and the gear ring 44. Its main function is to change the transmission direction, adjust the transmission ratio, or increase the transmission distance. By selecting intermediate gears 45 with different numbers and numbers of teeth, the rotation of the main rotating shaft 41 and the filter outer cylinder 42 in the same or opposite directions, as well as different speed ratios, can be flexibly achieved. The intermediate gear 45 is usually supported on a fixed shaft or movable bracket by bearings to ensure smooth meshing and rotation.
[0039] Through the above technical solution, the first gear 43 on the main rotating shaft 41, the gear ring 44 on the outer wall of the filter outer cylinder 42, and at least one intermediate gear 45 meshing between them are combined into a transmission mechanism, which can accurately and reliably realize the differential or reverse rotation between the main rotating shaft 41 and the filter outer cylinder 42 through mechanical meshing. This gear transmission method has a compact structure, high transmission efficiency, and good load-bearing capacity and wear resistance, effectively solving the problems of slippage and unstable transmission that may exist in traditional transmission methods. By precisely controlling the relative movement of the main rotating shaft 41 and the filter outer cylinder 42, the airflow and material movement in the crushing chamber 2 can be optimized, enhancing the capture and suppression effect of fine dust, while helping to prevent the filter micropores 421 from clogging, thereby significantly improving the overall performance of the crushing and dust suppression unit 4 and the operational stability of the equipment. In some of the embodiments described above in this application, although the dust suppression unit 4 is proposed to perform preliminary dust suppression inside the crushing chamber 2, a large amount of fine dust will still be generated during the plastic crushing process. This dust may be suspended inside the crushing chamber 2 and may escape into the external environment, which may not only affect the health of the operators, but also cause equipment pollution and environmental problems.
[0040] To address this, this application further proposes a plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device, which also includes an integrated dust removal system 5. This integrated dust removal system 5 aims to efficiently collect and filter dust generated during the pulverization process to prevent dust leakage and improve the working environment. It integrates multiple dust removal functional modules into a single unit, achieving systematic management of dust. The integrated dust removal system 5 includes a dust collection chamber 51 and a negative pressure fan 52. The dust collection chamber 51 is the core component of the integrated dust removal system 5, primarily used to collect dust-laden gas extracted from the pulverizing chamber 2. The dust collection chamber 51 is typically designed as a sealed space with sufficient volume, its structure guiding airflow smoothly through the internal filtration device. The dust collection chamber 51 is connected to the tail end of the pulverizing chamber 2 via an air duct, ensuring that the dust-laden gas within the pulverizing chamber 2 can be effectively introduced. The negative pressure fan 52 is a key component providing the airflow power source; its function is to generate negative pressure inside the dust collection chamber 51, thereby forcibly drawing the dust-laden gas from the pulverizing chamber 2 into the dust collection chamber 51 for treatment. The exhaust port 521 of the negative pressure fan 52 is usually located at the upper part of the dust collection chamber 51 to facilitate the discharge of filtered clean air, while ensuring that the dust-laden gas can flow through the filter from bottom to top or along a preset path.
[0041] Within the dust collection chamber 51, adsorption-stage filters and fine filtration-stage filters are sequentially arranged along the airflow direction. The adsorption-stage filters are the first stage of filtration in the dust removal system, primarily used to capture larger dust particles or dust with specific adsorption properties. This can be achieved, but is not limited to: using filter bags or cartridges with large pore sizes to capture dust through mechanical interception; using materials with electrostatic adsorption capabilities to adsorb dust through electrostatic action; or using adsorption materials such as activated carbon to remove harmful gases or odors through physical or chemical adsorption. The fine filtration-stage filters are the second stage of filtration in the dust removal system, located after the adsorption-stage filters, and are used to further capture fine dust particles that the adsorption-stage filters could not completely remove. This can be achieved, but is not limited to: using high-efficiency filters, such as HEPA filters, which capture extremely small dust particles through mechanisms such as interception, inertial collision, and diffusion of microfibers, ensuring that the discharged gas meets a higher cleanliness standard.
[0042] Through the above technical solution, the integrated dust removal system 5 can work in conjunction with the crushing chamber 2 to form a highly efficient closed loop for dust treatment. The negative pressure fan 52 continuously draws dust-laden gas from the tail end of the crushing chamber 2, creating a negative pressure environment within the dust collection chamber 51, effectively preventing dust from escaping from the crushing chamber 2. The dust-laden gas passes sequentially through adsorption-stage filters and fine filters, achieving efficient staged collection of dust particles of different sizes. The adsorption-stage filters first remove most of the coarse particles, reducing the burden on the subsequent fine filters and extending their service life; the fine filters ensure the final removal of fine dust, resulting in high cleanliness of the discharged gas. This integrated dust removal method not only significantly improves the air quality of the working environment and protects the health of operators, but also reduces the wear and tear and malfunction risks caused by dust on equipment, improving the overall operational stability and reliability of the crusher. In some embodiments described above in this application, an integrated dust removal system 5 is proposed, in which an adsorption-stage filter element is provided in the dust collection chamber 51 to capture fine dust generated during the crushing process. However, in practical applications, when processing certain types of plastics or operating in humid environments, this fine dust may be sticky or easily absorb moisture, causing the surface of the adsorption-stage filter element to gradually become covered with dust, thereby reducing its adsorption efficiency or even causing blockage, affecting the stable operation and filtration effect of the entire dust removal system.
[0043] To address this, this application further proposes that the adsorption-stage filter element be a heatable adsorption plate 53, wherein a heating element 531 is provided inside or on the surface of the adsorption plate 53. The heatable adsorption plate 53 is a plate-like structure with adsorption function, unique in that it can be heated. The material of the adsorption plate 53 can be a metal or ceramic material with good thermal conductivity and a certain adsorption capacity. Its surface can be designed with micropores, grooves, or special coatings to increase the adhesion area and adsorption capacity of dust. Heating can change the physicochemical properties of the surface of the adsorption plate 53, such as reducing the adhesion of dust or promoting the desorption of certain adsorbates, thereby achieving the regeneration of the adsorption plate 53 or improving its collection efficiency for specific dust particles. The heating element 531 is a device for heating the adsorption plate 53. The heating element 531 can be disposed inside or on the surface of the adsorption plate 53 according to actual needs and structural design. For example, when installed internally, it can be an embedded heating wire, heating tube, or hot fluid channel to uniformly heat the adhesive plate 53 through conduction; when installed on the surface, it can be an attached heating film, infrared heater, or hot air blowing device to heat the adhesive plate 53 through radiation or convection. The power and heating method of the heating element 531 can be adjusted according to the dust characteristics and the required temperature to ensure that the adhesive plate 53 can achieve the optimal working state.
[0044] By designing the adsorption-stage filter element as a heatable adsorption plate 53 and configuring it with a heating element 531, this application effectively solves the problems of easy clogging and reduced efficiency of traditional adsorption filters when handling sticky or hygroscopic dust. Specifically, when the amount of dust adsorbed on the surface of the adsorption plate 53 reaches a certain level, the adsorption plate 53 can be heated by the heating element 531. Heating can reduce the stickiness of the dust particles attached to the adsorption plate 53 or promote the evaporation of adsorbed moisture, thereby preventing dust from forming clumps or clogging on the surface of the adsorption plate 53 and maintaining its good adsorption performance. In addition, heating can also be used to periodically regenerate the adsorption plate 53, causing the adsorbed dust to fall off or decompose through high temperature, thereby extending the service life of the adsorption plate 53, reducing the replacement frequency, and ensuring that the integrated dust removal system 5 always maintains a highly efficient and stable dust removal effect, significantly improving the dust prevention capability of the plastic crusher under complex working conditions. In some embodiments described above, an integrated dust removal system 5 is proposed, comprising a dust collection chamber 51 and a negative pressure fan 52. An adsorption-stage filter and a fine filtration-stage filter are sequentially arranged within the dust collection chamber 51 along the airflow direction. However, in actual plastic crushing processes, a large amount of fine dust is generated. If the filtration efficiency of the fine filtration-stage filter is insufficient, this fine dust may not be effectively captured, leading to dust spillage and impacting environmental hygiene and the health of operators.
[0045] In this regard, this application further proposes a high-efficiency filter 54 as the fine filtration stage filter element. The high-efficiency filter 54 is an air filter with high filtration efficiency, its main function being to capture fine particulate matter with a diameter of less than 1 micrometer in the air. The high-efficiency filter 54 is typically made of ultra-fine glass fiber paper, synthetic fibers, or other polymer materials, and is folded to form a multi-layer structure to increase the filtration area. Its filtration mechanism mainly includes interception, inertial impaction, and diffusion effects. Interception refers to the fact that when particles move in the airflow, their diameter is larger than or close to the gaps between the filter fibers, thus being intercepted by the fibers; inertial impaction refers to the fact that larger particles, due to inertia, deviate from the airflow streamline and collide with the filter fibers, thus being captured; diffusion effect refers to the fact that tiny particles (such as those less than 0.1 micrometers) move randomly under the action of Brownian motion and come into contact with the filter fibers, thus being captured. By rationally designing the structure and materials of the high-efficiency filter 54, its extremely high capture efficiency for fine dust can be ensured.
[0046] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, and configuring the fine filtration stage filter element as a high-efficiency filter screen 54, the integrated dust removal system 5's ability to capture fine dust can be significantly enhanced. The high-efficiency filter screen 54, with its unique filtration mechanism and high filtration efficiency, can effectively intercept and adsorb extremely fine plastic dust particles that still remain after the adsorption stage filter element, thereby ensuring that the gas discharged from the pulverizing chamber 2 is fully purified. This not only significantly reduces the risk of dust spillage and improves the working environment but also meets increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, safeguarding the health of operators. In some embodiments of this application, the plastic crusher has a discharge port 22 at the bottom of the crushing chamber 2 for discharging the crushed material. However, during the process of the crushed material being discharged from the discharge port 22 and collected, especially for fine plastic powder, dust may still be released into the surrounding environment, causing pollution of the working environment and affecting the health of the operators.
[0047] In this regard, this application further proposes that it also includes a closed collection unit 6, which includes a collection vehicle 61 and a flexible connector 62; the top of the collection vehicle 61 is provided with a feed port with a movable cover; the upper end of the flexible connector 62 is sealed to the discharge port 22, and the lower end is sealed to the feed port of the collection vehicle 61.
[0048] The enclosed collection unit 6 is designed to provide a sealed material collection environment to effectively prevent the pulverized material, especially fine dust, from escaping to the outside during discharge and collection. This unit, by integrating a collection cart 61 and a flexible connector 62, forms a continuous, sealed channel from the discharge port 22 of the pulverizing chamber 2 to the collection container, thereby completely confining dust within the system. The collection cart 61 is a container used to carry and transport the pulverized material. Its top is equipped with a feed inlet with a movable cover, designed to form a sealed connection with the flexible connector 62, ensuring no dust leakage occurs when material enters the collection cart 61. The movable cover allows the feed inlet to be closed when the collection cart 61 is full or needs to be transferred, further preventing dust from escaping during transportation or resting, while protecting the internal material from external environmental influences. The collection cart 61 is typically equipped with wheels for easy movement and replacement within the working area. The flexible connector 62 is a key component connecting the discharge port 22 to the feed inlet of the collection cart 61; its main function is to provide a retractable, flexible, and sealed channel. The connector is made of a flexible material, such as rubber, fabric, or corrugated pipe, which can accommodate slight positional deviations or vibrations of the collection vehicle 61 during placement, while ensuring a tight seal at the connection. The flexible connector 62 enables quick, convenient, and dust-free connection and separation between the discharge port 22 and the collection vehicle 61.
[0049] Through the above technical solution, after the crusher completes the crushing of the material, the crushed material can directly and sealedly enter the collection vehicle 61 from the discharge port 22 through the flexible connector 62. The flexible connector 62 ensures a tight connection between the discharge port 22 and the feed interface of the collection vehicle 61, effectively blocking the escape path of dust during the material discharge and collection process. At the same time, the feed interface with a movable cover on the top of the collection vehicle 61 can be closed after the material collection is completed or when the collection vehicle 61 needs to be moved, further confining the dust completely inside the collection vehicle 61. This significantly reduces secondary dust pollution caused by the crushed material during the collection process, improves the working environment of the operators, protects their health, and improves the cleanliness and safety of the entire crushing operation. In some embodiments described above, a flexible connector 62 is used to seal the outlet 22 of the crushing chamber 2 with the inlet of the collection vehicle 61 to achieve closed collection of the crushed material. However, in actual operation, the crushed plastic powder is usually very fine. If the material or structure of the flexible connector 62 is not properly selected, there may be a risk of poor sealing at the connection, dust leakage, affecting the cleanliness of the working environment, and potentially causing material loss.
[0050] In this regard, this application further proposes that the flexible connector 62 is a dust collector bag. A dust collector bag is a flexible connecting component made of industrial filter cloth material with good air permeability and filtration performance, such as polyester needle-punched felt or membrane filter media. Its structure is typically designed as a cylindrical or flat bag shape, with connecting flanges or clamps at both ends to ensure a reliable sealed connection with the discharge port 22 of the crushing chamber 2 and the feed inlet of the collection cart 61. In practical applications, the material selection of the dust collector bag is optimized according to the characteristics of the processed plastic powder (such as particle size, temperature, corrosiveness, etc.) to ensure that it can efficiently filter and capture fine dust discharged with the material while providing a flexible connection. The size and air permeability of its filter micropores are carefully designed to effectively prevent dust escape while ensuring smooth material passage.
[0051] Through the above technical solution, the flexible connector 62 is specifically configured as a dust collector bag. During the process of the crushed material being discharged from the discharge port 22 of the crushing chamber 2 and entering the collection vehicle 61, the dust collector bag not only provides a flexible connection, effectively buffering the impact of the crusher vibration on the collection vehicle 61, but more importantly, its filtration function can efficiently trap fine dust discharged along with the material. This significantly reduces dust dispersion during the discharge stage, ensuring that the connection between the collection vehicle 61 and the discharge port 22 always maintains good sealing, thereby effectively improving the air quality of the working environment, reducing the health hazards of dust to operators, and avoiding material loss. At the same time, the flexible nature of the dust collector bag also facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the collection vehicle 61, improving the ease of equipment maintenance. In some of the embodiments described above in this application, although the dust generated during the plastic crushing process is effectively controlled through the dustproof feeding unit 3, the crushing and dust suppression unit 4, the integrated dust removal system 5, and the closed collection unit 6, in actual production operations, the material feeding process may still face problems such as low efficiency, unstable feeding amount, and dust generation before the material enters the dustproof feeding unit 3. This not only affects the continuous and stable operation of the crusher but also increases the risk of dust exposure for operators.
[0052] In this regard, this application further proposes a plastic crusher with a dustproof device, which also includes an automatic feeding unit 7. The automatic feeding unit 7 includes an inclined conveyor belt 71, the end of which is located above the dustproof feeding unit 3.
[0053] The automatic feeding unit 7 is a device for automatically, continuously, or intermittently conveying the plastic material to be crushed to the feed inlet 21 of the crusher. Its main purpose is to replace manual feeding, improve feeding efficiency and stability, and reduce dust emission during the feeding process. The automatic feeding unit 7 can take various forms, such as a screw conveyor, a vibrating feeder, or the conveyor belt 71 mentioned in this application.
[0054] The conveyor belt 71 is a common continuous conveying device that uses a drive roller to rotate a circular conveyor belt, thereby conveying materials. In this application, the conveyor belt 71 is designed with an inclined configuration, meaning that one end of the conveyor belt 71 (usually the feed end) is at a lower position, while the other end (the discharge end) is at a higher position. This inclined configuration allows the conveyor belt 71 to lift materials from a lower storage area to the required height at the crusher inlet 21. The inclination angle of the conveyor belt 71 can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the material (such as particle size and coefficient of friction) and the required lifting height to ensure that the material remains stable and does not slip during conveying. The belt material of the conveyor belt 71 is typically made of wear-resistant, non-slip, and flexible materials, such as rubber, PVC, or PU, to adapt to the conveying requirements of different plastic materials.
[0055] The end of conveyor belt 71 is located above dustproof feeding unit 3, meaning that the discharge port or unloading point of conveyor belt 71 is directly opposite or slightly higher than the inlet 21 of dustproof feeding unit 3. This precise positioning ensures that the material unloaded from conveyor belt 71 can fall directly and accurately into the interior of dustproof feeding unit 3, avoiding material spillage during the feeding process or secondary dust generation due to excessive drop distance. To further optimize material guidance, a guide chute or funnel can be installed between the end of conveyor belt 71 and dustproof feeding unit 3 to ensure smooth material introduction.
[0056] Through the above technical solution, the automatic feeding unit 7 introduced in this application, especially the inclined conveyor belt 71, can realize the automated and continuous feeding of plastic materials. The end of the conveyor belt 71 is precisely located above the dustproof feeding unit 3, ensuring that the material can directly and accurately enter the feed inlet 21, thereby effectively avoiding the material spillage and dust problems that may be caused by traditional feeding methods. This significantly improves feeding efficiency, ensures the continuity and stability of the crusher's operation, reduces labor costs, and minimizes the operator's contact with dust during the feeding process, further improving the cleanliness and safety of the working environment. The automatic feeding unit 7 works in conjunction with the dustproof feeding unit 3, the crushing and dust suppression unit 4, and the integrated dust removal system 5 to construct a highly efficient dust prevention system covering the entire process from feeding to crushing to collection. The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution: In a plastic recycling plant, a large quantity of waste plastic products needs to be shredded for subsequent reuse. Traditional shredders often produce dust and splashing material during operation, polluting the environment and posing a threat to the health and safety of operators. To solve these problems, the plant introduced a new type of plastic shredder.
[0057] This plastic crusher first improves working efficiency and ensures operational safety through an automatic feeding unit 7. Waste plastic products are placed on an inclined conveyor belt 71, the end of which is precisely positioned above the dustproof feeding unit 3 of the crusher, realizing an automated and continuous feeding process and avoiding the heavy and risky manual handling.
[0058] During the feeding process, the dustproof feeding unit 3 plays a crucial role. This unit is located at the feed inlet 21 at the top of the crushing chamber 2, and its core is an openable and closable dustproof gate mechanism. When the conveyor belt 71 transports material to above the feed inlet 21, the drive unit 32 drives the dustproof plate 31 to rotate around its central pivot 311, opening the dustproof plate 31 from its closed state and allowing the material to smoothly enter the crushing chamber 2. The other end of the dustproof plate 31 is equipped with a guide post 312, which slides within an arc-shaped guide groove 33 on the inner wall of the feed inlet 21, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the dustproof plate 31's movement. Once feeding is complete, the drive unit 32 immediately drives the dustproof plate 31 to reset, completely closing the feed inlet 21. This design effectively prevents dust and crushed material generated during the crushing process from leaking or splashing out of the feed inlet 21, significantly improving the workshop environment and operator safety. Compared to traditional open feed inlets, it avoids direct exposure of personnel to splashing risks.
[0059] After the material enters the crushing chamber 2, the crushing and dust suppression unit 4 begins to operate. This unit includes a main rotating shaft 41 and a filter outer cylinder 42 arranged coaxially. Crushing blades 411 are mounted on the main rotating shaft 41, responsible for high-speed crushing of the plastic. Meanwhile, the filter outer cylinder 42 has filter micropores 421 on its wall. The main rotating shaft 41 and the filter outer cylinder 42 are connected by a transmission mechanism and can be driven to rotate at different speeds or in opposite directions. For example, the transmission mechanism may include a first gear 43 mounted on the main rotating shaft 41, a gear ring 44 mounted on the outer wall of the filter outer cylinder 42, and an intermediate gear 45 meshing between the first gear 43 and the gear ring 44. When the main rotating shaft 41 rotates at high speed for crushing, the filter outer cylinder 42 can rotate at a lower speed or in the opposite direction. This relative motion creates a dynamic self-cleaning mechanism on the inner surface of the outer filter cylinder 42. When the fine dust generated during crushing attempts to pass through the filter micropores 421 under the action of airflow, it is scraped or disturbed by the rotational motion of the outer filter cylinder 42, effectively preventing dust from clogging the micropores and causing some dust to fall back into the crushing area for secondary crushing or be carried away by the internal airflow. This internal dust suppression mechanism reduces the generation and accumulation of dust in the cavity from the source, and the dust suppression effect is more thorough compared with the traditional solution that relies solely on external ventilation.
[0060] To further ensure thorough dust removal, the pulverizer is also equipped with an integrated dust removal system 5. The tail end of the pulverizing chamber 2 is connected to the dust collection chamber 51 via an air duct. A negative pressure fan 52 is located at the top of the dust collection chamber 51, and its exhaust port 521 draws air from the dust collection chamber 51, creating a micro-negative pressure environment within the entire pulverizing chamber 2, effectively preventing dust leakage from any gaps. The airflow entering the dust collection chamber 51 first passes through an adsorption-stage filter, which is a heatable adhesion plate 53 with heating elements 531 inside or on its surface. The heating elements 531 heat the adhesion plate 53, causing some thermoplastic fine plastic dust to soften upon contact and firmly adhere to the surface of the adhesion plate 53, improving the collection efficiency of fine dust. Subsequently, the airflow enters a fine filtration-stage filter, which is a high-efficiency filter screen 54, for final filtration of the remaining extremely fine dust, ensuring that the exhaust gas meets environmental standards. This multi-stage, targeted filtration system, especially the application of the heatable adsorption plate 53, solves the problem of low collection efficiency of certain special plastic dust by traditional dust removal systems.
[0061] Finally, the pulverized material is discharged through the outlet 22 at the bottom of the pulverizing chamber 2 and collected by the closed collection unit 6. The closed collection unit 6 includes a collection cart 61 and a flexible connector 62. The top of the collection cart 61 is equipped with a feed port with a movable cover. The flexible connector 62, such as a dust collector bag, is sealed at its upper end to the outlet 22 and at its lower end to the feed port of the collection cart 61. This fully enclosed collection method ensures that no secondary dust is generated during the discharge and collection of the pulverized material, avoiding environmental pollution caused by traditional open outlets and collection containers, and further improving the cleanliness of the entire pulverizing operation.
[0062] In summary, this plastic crusher, through the coordinated operation of the dustproof feeding unit 3, the crushing and dust suppression unit 4, the integrated dust removal system 5, and the enclosed collection unit 6, combined with the automatic feeding unit 7, constructs a comprehensive dust control and suppression solution covering the entire process from feeding, crushing, dust removal to collection. This solution not only effectively solves the problems of dust leakage, material splashing, and the low efficiency and safety of manual feeding during plastic crushing, but also significantly improves the environmental friendliness and safety of the crushing operation through internal dust suppression and multi-stage high-efficiency dust removal, achieving clean and efficient plastic recycling.
[0063] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
[0064] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device, comprising a frame (1), a pulverizing chamber (2) disposed on the frame (1), a feed inlet (21) opened at the top of the pulverizing chamber (2), and a discharge outlet (22) opened at the bottom of the pulverizing chamber (2), characterized in that: It also includes a dustproof feeding unit (3) and a crushing and dust suppression unit (4); the dustproof feeding unit (3) is located at the feed inlet (21), and includes an openable and closable dustproof gate mechanism for closing the feed inlet (21) during non-feeding periods; the crushing and dust suppression unit (4) includes a main rotating shaft (41) and a filter outer cylinder (42) coaxially arranged in the crushing chamber (2), the main rotating shaft (41) is equipped with crushing blades (411), the filter outer cylinder (42) is provided with filter micropores (421) on the cylinder wall, the main rotating shaft (41) and the filter outer cylinder (42) are connected by a transmission mechanism and can be driven to rotate at different speeds or in opposite directions.
2. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dustproof gate mechanism includes a dustproof plate (31), a driving component (32), and a guiding component; the dustproof plate (31) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feed inlet (21) via a rotating shaft (311) in its middle; the fixed end of the driving component (32) is hinged to the frame (1) or the crushing chamber (2), and its movable end is hinged to one end of the dustproof plate (31); the guiding component is disposed on the inner wall of the feed inlet (21) and is used to limit the movement of the other end of the dustproof plate (31).
3. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guiding component is an arc-shaped guide groove (33) opened on the inner side wall of the feed inlet (21), and the other end of the dustproof plate (31) is provided with a guide post (312) that extends into the arc-shaped guide groove (33) and slides.
4. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a first gear (43) disposed on the main rotating shaft (41), a gear ring (44) disposed on the outer wall of the filter outer cylinder (42), and at least one intermediate gear (45) meshing between the first gear (43) and the gear ring (44).
5. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an integrated dust removal system (5), which includes a dust collection chamber (51) and a negative pressure fan (52); the dust collection chamber (51) is connected to the tail of the crushing chamber (2) through a duct, and the upper part of the dust collection chamber (51) is provided with the exhaust port (521) of the negative pressure fan (52); the dust collection chamber (51) is provided with an adsorption-level filter and a fine filter in sequence along the airflow direction.
6. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adsorption-stage filter element is a heatable adhesive plate (53), and the adhesive plate (53) is provided with a heating element (531) inside or on its surface.
7. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fine filtration stage filter element is a high-efficiency filter screen (54).
8. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a closed collection unit (6), which includes a collection vehicle (61) and a flexible connector (62); the top of the collection vehicle (61) is provided with a feed port with a movable cover; the upper end of the flexible connector (62) is sealed to the discharge port (22), and the lower end is sealed to the feed port of the collection vehicle (61).
9. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flexible connector (62) is a dust collector bag.
10. A plastic pulverizer with a dustproof device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes an automatic feeding unit (7), which includes an inclined conveyor belt (71) with the end of the conveyor belt (71) located above the dustproof feeding unit (3).