An emergency braking device for a heavy-duty mine vehicle
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522390488.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-11
AI Technical Summary
[0002]煤矿领域轮式重型车辆自重较大，在坡道停车或下长坡时车辆自身的制动系统容易失效，导致安全事件，目前煤矿轮式重型车辆在坡道停车防止车辆制动系统失效方面主要采用人工安装楔块方式，车辆上长期带有橡胶楔块，在停车时需要人工将楔块安装在轮胎底部防止溜车，行车前再人工取掉楔块，操作流程繁琐，工作强度较大，下长坡时暂无安全有效的强制制动手段，存在较大安全隐患
通过液压油缸活塞杆伸出，推动滑块前移，滑块带动连杆推动楔块前移，当滑块前移通过导向轴之后连杆向下倾斜，同时楔块向前且向下移动直至插入车轮底部，致使车轮强制停止转动，达到物理强制制动效果。当楔块向车轮底部移动的过程中，连杆前端底部的下限位挡口始终与楔块尾部的限位挡管接触，从而使楔块在下落的过程中保持一定的角度，以便顺利插入轮胎底部。解除制动时，液压油缸活塞杆收回，链条会拉动楔块与车辆轮胎脱离，楔块后移的同时带动连杆和滑块后移，当置于连杆前端顶部的上限位挡口与支架结合之后整个装置完成收回过程，这样在停车时，就不需要人工将楔块安装在轮胎底部防止溜车，以及行车前再人工取掉楔块，从而减少操作流程，降低工作强度。
Smart Images
Figure CN224868395U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mining machinery technology, specifically an emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles. Background Technology
[0002] Heavy-duty wheeled vehicles in the coal mining industry are heavy, and their braking systems are prone to failure when parking on slopes or descending long inclines, leading to safety incidents. Currently, the main method for preventing braking system failure when parking heavy-duty wheeled vehicles on slopes is to manually install rubber wedges. These wedges are worn on the vehicles and must be manually installed under the tires to prevent slippage when parking, and then manually removed before driving again. This process is cumbersome and labor-intensive. Furthermore, there is currently no safe and effective forced braking method for descending long inclines, posing a significant safety hazard. How to achieve effective forced braking of heavy-duty wheeled vehicles during parking and emergency situations is a current problem. Therefore, this patent proposes an emergency braking device for heavy-duty mining vehicles to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles, comprising a wedge, a limiting stop tube, pads, a bracket, a hydraulic cylinder, a chain, a connecting rod, a guide shaft, a round tube, a guide wheel shaft, a guide wheel, a slider, and a guide rail. The wedge is an integrally welded structural component with a mounting hole and a limiting stop tube at its rear end. The wedge is mounted to the front end of the connecting rod via a pin. The pads are single-plate structures, consisting of four pieces, each with threaded holes, and are welded to the bottom of the heavy vehicle frame. The bracket is an integrally welded structural component connected to the four pads by bolts. The bottom surface of the bracket has a guide wheel mounting seat, a guide shaft mounting seat, and multiple sets of mounting holes. The hydraulic cylinder is mounted to the bottom of the bracket by bolts. One end of the rod is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder by bolts, and the other end is connected to the wedge by a pin. The connecting rod is a welded structure, and its tail is connected to the slider by a pin. The guide shaft is mounted on the guide shaft mounting seat on the bottom surface of the bracket. The round tube is sleeved on the guide shaft, and the guide wheel shaft is mounted on the guide wheel mounting seat on the bottom surface of the bracket by bolts. The guide wheel is mounted on the guide wheel shaft by bearings, and the guide wheel can rotate freely 360° relative to the guide wheel shaft. The slider has an H-shaped structure with grooves on both the upper and lower sides. The upper groove is engaged with the guide rail, allowing it to slide freely relative to the guide rail without loosening. The lower groove is a chain channel to prevent chain displacement. The guide rail is a long, inverted trapezoidal steel strip, which is bolted to the bottom surface of the bracket and serves as the track for the slider's movement.
[0005] Preferably, the upper side of the front end of the wedge has an arc-shaped structure to better fit the tire sidewall.
[0006] Preferably, the surface of the wedge is fitted with rubber to cushion impacts.
[0007] Preferably, bolts are installed on the outer side of the guide shaft, and washers are fitted on the surface of the guide shaft to prevent the round tube from detaching.
[0008] Preferably, the front end of the connecting rod is provided with an upper limit stop at the top and a lower limit stop at the bottom. The upper limit stop is adapted to the front end of the bracket, and the lower limit stop is adapted to the limit stop tube.
[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the heavy vehicle frame is provided with a first protective shell and a second protective shell, which protect the braking device. The front ends of the first and second protective shells are provided with connection ports to facilitate chain movement.
[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the heavy vehicle frame is welded with multiple mounting brackets, and bolts are installed between the first protective shell and the second protective shell and the mounting brackets.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: The hydraulic cylinder piston rod extends, pushing the slider forward. The slider, in turn, drives the connecting rod to move the wedge forward. After the slider passes the guide shaft, the connecting rod tilts downward, and the wedge moves forward and downward until it inserts into the bottom of the wheel, forcibly stopping the wheel's rotation and achieving a physical braking effect. As the wedge moves towards the bottom of the wheel, the lower limit stop at the bottom of the connecting rod's front end remains in contact with the limit stop at the tail of the wedge, maintaining a certain angle during its descent to ensure smooth insertion into the tire. When the brake is released, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod retracts, and the chain pulls the wedge away from the vehicle's tire. The wedge moves backward, simultaneously moving the connecting rod and slider backward. Once the upper limit stop at the top of the connecting rod's front end engages with the bracket, the entire device retracts. This eliminates the need for manual installation of the wedge under the tire to prevent slippage when parking, and for manual removal of the wedge before driving, reducing operational steps and workload. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge block structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slider structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the brake release and braking state structure of this utility model; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the first protective shell structure of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second protective shell structure of this utility model.
[0013] In the diagram: 1. Wedge; 101. Limiting stop tube; 2. Pad; 3. Bracket; 4. Hydraulic cylinder; 5. Chain; 6. Connecting rod; 601. Upper limit stop; 602. Lower limit stop; 7. Guide shaft; 8. Round tube; 9. Guide wheel shaft; 10. Guide wheel; 11. Slider; 12. Guide rail; 13. First protective shell; 14. Second protective shell; 15. Connection port; 16. Mounting bracket. Detailed Implementation
[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0015] Heavy-duty wheeled vehicles in the coal mining industry are heavy, and their braking systems are prone to failure when parking on slopes or descending long slopes, leading to safety incidents. Currently, the main method to prevent braking system failure when parking heavy-duty wheeled vehicles in coal mines is to manually install wedges. These rubber wedges are always on the vehicles, and when parking, the wedges need to be manually installed to the bottom of the tires to prevent the vehicle from rolling away. Before driving, the wedges need to be manually removed. The operation is cumbersome and labor-intensive. There is currently no safe and effective forced braking method when descending long slopes, which poses a significant safety hazard. Therefore, it is necessary to design an emergency braking device for heavy-duty mining vehicles to solve this problem.
[0016] like Figures 1-5As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: an emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles, including a wedge 1, a limiting stop tube 101, a pad 2, a bracket 3, a hydraulic cylinder 4, a chain 5, a connecting rod 6, a guide shaft 7, a round tube 8, a guide wheel shaft 9, a guide wheel 10, a slider 11, and a guide rail 12. The wedge 1 is an integrally welded structural component, with an installation hole and a limiting stop tube 101 at the rear end. The wedge 1 is installed on the front end of the connecting rod 6 by a pin. The upper side of the front end of the wedge 1 has an arc-shaped structure to better fit the tire sidewall. The surface of the wedge block 1 is covered with rubber to cushion impacts; the pad block 2 is a single-plate structure, consisting of four pieces, each with threaded holes, and is welded to the bottom of the heavy vehicle frame; the bracket 3 is an integral welded structure, connected to the four pad blocks 2 by bolts, and the bottom surface of the bracket 3 has a guide wheel mounting seat, a guide shaft mounting seat, and multiple sets of mounting holes; the hydraulic cylinder 4 is bolted to the bottom of the bracket 3; one end of the chain 5 is bolted to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4, and the other end is connected to the wedge block 1 by a pin; the connecting rod 6 is a welded structure, with its tail connected to the slider 11 by a pin; the top of the front end of the connecting rod 6 has an upper limit stop 601, and the bottom of the front end of the connecting rod 6 has a lower limit stop 602, the upper limit stop 601 is adapted to the front end of the bracket 3, and the lower limit stop 602 is adapted to the limit stop tube 101. The guide shaft 7 is mounted on the guide shaft mounting seat on the bottom surface of the bracket 3; bolts are installed on the outer side of the guide shaft 7, and washers are fitted on the surface of the guide shaft 7, which prevent the round tube 8 from disengaging. The round tube 8 is fitted onto the guide shaft 7, and the guide wheel shaft 9 is mounted on the guide wheel mounting seat on the bottom surface of the bracket 3 by bolts; the guide wheel 10 is mounted on the guide wheel shaft 9 by bearings, and the guide wheel 10 can rotate freely 360° relative to the guide wheel shaft 9; the slider 11 has an H-shaped structure with grooves on both the upper and lower sides. The upper groove is engaged with the guide rail 12, allowing it to slide freely relative to the guide rail 12 without loosening, and the lower groove is a channel for the chain 5, preventing the chain 5 from shifting; the guide rail 12 is a steel inverted trapezoidal strip, which is mounted on the bottom surface of the bracket 3 by bolts and serves as the track for the slider 11 to move.
[0017] It is important to note that during installation, this device should be placed at a suitable position on the bottom of the frame on one side of the heavy vehicle, in front of the wheel. The pad 2 should be welded to the bottom of the frame to complete the fit. During use, when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4 extends, it pushes the slider 11 forward. The slider 11 drives the connecting rod 6 to push the wedge 1 forward. After the slider 11 passes the guide shaft 7, the connecting rod 6 tilts downward, and simultaneously the wedge 1 moves forward and downward until it inserts into the bottom of the wheel, forcibly stopping the wheel's rotation and achieving a physical braking effect. As the wedge 1 moves towards the bottom of the wheel, the lower limit stop 602 at the bottom of the front end of the connecting rod 6 remains in contact with the limit stop tube 101 at the tail of the wedge 1, thus maintaining a certain angle during its descent to facilitate insertion into the tire. When the brake is released, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 4 retracts, and the chain 5 pulls the wedge 1 away from the vehicle tire. The wedge 1 moves backward, simultaneously driving the connecting rod 6 and the slider 11 backward. The entire device retracts after the upper limit stop 601 at the top of the front end of the connecting rod 6 engages with the bracket 3. The chain 5 passes through the groove at the bottom of the slider 11. The guide wheel 10 restricts the movement trajectory of the chain 5 during movement, preventing jamming. The guide wheel 10 also provides support for the chain 5 during retraction and extension. The guide shaft 7 fixes the connecting rod 6 when it retracts, preventing it from tilting downwards. When it slides out, it limits the drop position of the wedge block 1, ensuring it falls to a designated location. Furthermore, the round tube 8 mounted on the guide shaft 7 can rotate freely relative to the guide shaft 7, ensuring smoother and more effortless movement of the connecting rod 6 and preventing wear.
[0018] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the bottom of the heavy vehicle frame is provided with a first protective shell 13 and a second protective shell 14, which protect the braking device. The front ends of the first protective shell 13 and the second protective shell 14 are provided with connection ports 15 to facilitate the movement of the chain 5. Multiple mounting brackets 16 are welded to the bottom of the heavy vehicle frame, and bolts are installed between the first protective shell 13 and the second protective shell 14 and the mounting brackets 16.
[0019] It should be noted that by setting the first protective shell 13 and the second protective shell 14 to protect the braking device, it is possible to prevent gravel or other debris from splashing into the device during vehicle operation and causing damage to it. In addition, the wedge block 1 seals the connection port 15 during the brake release process. The first protective shell 13 and the second protective shell 14 are fixed by installing bolts between them and the mounting bracket 16.
[0020] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles, comprising a wedge (1), a limiting stop tube (101), a pad (2), a bracket (3), a hydraulic cylinder (4), a chain (5), a connecting rod (6), a guide shaft (7), a round tube (8), a guide wheel shaft (9), a guide wheel (10), a slider (11), and a guide rail (12), characterized in that: The wedge (1) is an integral welded structural component with a mounting hole and a limit stop tube (101) at the rear end. The wedge (1) is installed at the front end of the connecting rod (6) by a pin. The pad (2) is a single plate structure with four pieces in total. The pad (2) has threaded holes and is welded to the bottom of the heavy vehicle frame in a matching welding manner. The bracket (3) is an integral welded structural component and is connected to the four pads (2) by bolts. The bottom surface of the bracket (3) is provided with a guide wheel mounting seat, a guide shaft mounting seat and multiple sets of mounting holes. The hydraulic cylinder (4) is installed at the bottom of the bracket (3) by bolts. One end of the chain (5) is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (4) by bolts, and the other end is connected to the wedge (1) by a pin. The connecting rod (6) is a welded structural component, and the tail end is connected to the slider by a pin. (11) Connected; guide shaft (7) is installed on guide shaft mounting seat on bottom surface of bracket (3); round tube (8) is sleeved on guide shaft (7), guide wheel shaft (9) is installed on guide wheel mounting seat on bottom surface of bracket (3) by bolts; guide wheel (10) is installed on guide wheel shaft (9) by bearing, guide wheel (10) can rotate freely 360° relative to guide wheel shaft (9); slider (11) is H-shaped structure, with grooves on both upper and lower sides, upper groove is stuck on guide rail (12), can slide freely relative to guide rail (12) without loosening, lower groove is chain (5) channel, can prevent chain (5) displacement; guide rail (12) is steel inverted trapezoidal strip, installed on bottom surface of bracket (3) by bolts, is the track for slider (11) to move.
2. The emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side of the front end of the wedge (1) is an arc-shaped structure so as to better fit the tire sidewall.
3. The emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the wedge (1) is fitted with rubber to cushion impacts.
4. The emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bolts are installed on the outside of the guide shaft (7), and washers are fitted on the surface of the guide shaft (7). The bolts and washers restrict the round tube (8) from disengaging.
5. The emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper limit stop (601) is provided at the top of the front end of the connecting rod (6), and the lower limit stop (602) is provided at the bottom of the front end of the connecting rod (6). The upper limit stop (601) is adapted to the front end of the bracket (3), and the lower limit stop (602) is adapted to the limit stop tube (101).
6. The emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the heavy vehicle frame is provided with a first protective shell (13) and a second protective shell (14). The first protective shell (13) and the second protective shell (14) protect the braking device. The front end of the first protective shell (13) and the second protective shell (14) is provided with a connection port (15) to facilitate the movement of the chain (5).
7. The emergency braking device for heavy mining vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the heavy vehicle frame is welded with multiple mounting brackets (16), and bolts are installed between the first protective shell (13) and the second protective shell (14) and the mounting brackets (16).