A combined ion exchange treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a combined ion exchange treatment system, comprising: raw water delivery module: containing raw water pool, pump, flowmeter and filter of pump water end, weak positive column processing module: at least two weak positive column, water inlet end connects filter, negative column processing module: at least three negative column, water inlet end connects weak positive column, and the pH regulating tank of pipeline series with pH instrument, chelate column processing module: at least three chelate columns, water inlet end connects negative column, and the pH regulating tank of pipeline series with pH instrument, regeneration module: two regeneration columns are connected with preceding processing module respectively, and bottom connects cleaning agent pump and liquid level meter, cleaning discharge module: connects regeneration column bottom, contains pump and supporting flowmeter, control auxiliary module: containing pipeline valve (controller control), pipeline filter, middle / bottom drainer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a combined ion exchange treatment system, belonging to the field of ion exchange technology. Background Technology

[0002] The wastewater generated during the production processes of industries such as electroplating and other surface treatment, PCB and integrated circuit industries, and large non-ferrous metallurgical production enterprises is diverse in pollutants, especially various heavy metal ions, which are far more difficult to treat than general industrial wastewater. In order to facilitate management and control, my country has concentrated most enterprises in industrial parks, including electroplating, surface treatment, and integrated circuit industries. However, this has also led to a greater variety of wastewater pollutants and more volatile pollutant emissions, further increasing the difficulty of wastewater treatment. For the non-ferrous metallurgical industry, due to the increasingly diverse sources of raw materials, its wastewater treatment also faces the same problem. Although environmental standards require wastewater to be treated separately according to its quality, actual production conditions mean that the combined wastewater after separate treatment still contains all types of pollutants. Because the wastewater contains various heavy metal ions, organic matter, especially heavy metal complexes formed with them, high concentrations of inorganic salts, petroleum, nitrates, amines, etc., it is very difficult to treat this wastewater to the highest industry emission standards for heavy metal content, such as the Electroplating Pollutant Emission Standard (GB21900-2008) Table 3 standard and the Copper, Nickel and Cobalt Industry Pollutant Emission Standard (GB25467-2010) Special Emission Limits.

[0003] Currently, common technologies and methods used both domestically and internationally for treating this type of wastewater include chemical, extraction, membrane, and ion exchange methods.

[0004] (a) Chemical method: Most industrial enterprises use chemical methods to treat nickel-containing wastewater. The chemical method involves adding sodium hydroxide or lime milk (calcium hydroxide) to the nickel-containing wastewater to adjust the pH of the wastewater to a level greater than 9, and then adding flocculants to cause the heavy metals in the wastewater to settle out of the wastewater in the form of sludge. In order to further reduce the content of heavy metal ions in the wastewater, heavy metal capture agents (mostly sulfides) also need to be added.

[0005] The characteristics of heavy metal-containing wastewater are the instability of the concentration and discharge volume of various pollutants, and the significant variations in the concentration and flow rate of controlled substances. Even if theoretically, chemical agents could remove most of the controlled substances like heavy metals from the wastewater, current detection technologies make real-time tracking of pollutant concentrations and flow rates extremely difficult. This leads to situations where the dosage cannot keep pace with changes in the concentration and quantity of controlled substances, resulting in either substandard effluent or excessive dosage, making it difficult to control treatment costs. Therefore, the problem with using a single chemical method to treat heavy metal-containing wastewater is the difficulty in achieving stable compliance with treatment standards. Thus, chemical methods can only be used as one treatment approach; to achieve stable and deep removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater, it is necessary to combine them with other treatment methods.

[0006] (ii) Extraction method: The heavy metal ions in the wastewater are transferred to the organic phase containing the extractant by extraction, thereby removing the heavy metal ions in the wastewater. However, the disadvantage of the extraction process is that it introduces the extractant and solvent into the system, and it is difficult to remove the heavy metal ion content in the wastewater to the high standard requirements.

[0007] (III) Membrane method: Using multi-stage reverse osmosis membranes (RO membranes), electrodialysis membranes (ED membranes), and nanofiltration membranes can reduce the content of heavy metal ions in heavy metal wastewater to extremely low levels. However, it will produce a large amount of concentrated liquid containing high concentrations of metal ions. Except for evaporation and concentration to make the heavy metals into solid salts, these concentrated liquids are difficult to treat to meet the discharge standards.

[0008] (iv) Ion Exchange Method: Traditional ion exchange methods use cation exchange resins or chelate ion exchange resins, and employ conventional ion exchange systems and processes. This method is only suitable for treating heavy metal-containing wastewater from workshops with simple water composition. For complex wastewater containing heavy metals, it suffers from problems such as easy resin contamination and poisoning, short service life, frequent regeneration, and a gradual decline in resin exchange capacity; there are almost no successful application cases. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined ion exchange treatment system.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A combined ion exchange treatment system, comprising: The raw water delivery module includes a raw water tank, a pump connected to the raw water tank, and a flow meter and a filter located at the outlet of the pump. The weak anode column treatment module includes at least two weak anode columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the weak anode column is connected to the outlet end of the filter via a pipe, and the outlet end of the weak anode column is connected to a first pH adjustment device. The anion column treatment module includes at least three anion columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the anion column is connected to the outlet end of the first pH adjustment device, and the outlet end of the anion column is connected to the second pH adjustment device. The chelation column treatment module includes at least three chelation columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the chelation column is connected to the outlet end of the second pH adjustment device. The outlet end of the chelation column is connected to the third pH adjustment tank and the discharge tank by pipes and valves. The discharge tank is connected to the weak cation column treatment module, the anion column treatment module and the chelation column treatment module by pumps, pipes and valves to provide column washing water. The regeneration module includes at least two regeneration columns. One regeneration column is connected to a weak cation column and a chelating column via pipelines and valves, and the other regeneration column is connected to an anion column via pipelines. The bottom pipeline of the regeneration column is connected to a pump and a level gauge for conveying cleaning agent / regenerating agent. The cleaning and discharge module has a pipeline connected to the bottom of the regeneration column and includes a pump for conveying cleaning water or discharge water, and a flow meter that works in conjunction with the pump. The control auxiliary module includes multiple valves installed in the pipeline for controlling the flow of fluid, multiple pipeline filters, a middle drain and a bottom drain. The pipeline filters are used to intercept resin during backwashing of the resin column. The middle drain and the bottom drain are used to control the drainage or inflow of water into the column. The valves can be opened and closed automatically or manually.

[0011] More preferably, the first pH adjustment device includes a first pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter, and a pump connected to the first pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the pump is connected to the anion column treatment module pipeline, and the inlet pipeline of the first pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the weak cation column. The second pH adjustment device includes a second pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter, and a pump connected to the second pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the pump is connected to the pipeline of the chelation column treatment module, and the inlet pipeline of the second pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the anion column treatment module. The third pH adjustment device includes a third pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter installed on the third pH adjustment tank, and a discharge tank connected to the third pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the discharge tank is connected to the pipelines of the weak cation column treatment module and the anion column treatment module to provide column washing water. The inlet of the third pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the chelation column treatment module.

[0012] More preferably, the weak anode treatment module includes a first weak anode and a second weak anode connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the first weak anode and the inlet end of the second weak anode are connected to the outlet end of the filter by pipes. The outlet end of the first weak anode and the outlet end of the second weak anode are connected to a first pH adjustment module by pipes.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment, the anion column treatment module includes a first anion column, a second anion column, and a third anion column connected by pipes and valves. The inlet pipes of the first anion column, the inlet pipes of the second anion column, and the inlet pipes of the third anion column are connected to the outlet pipes of the first pH adjustment module, and the outlet pipes of the first anion column, the outlet pipes of the second anion column, and the outlet pipes of the third anion column are connected to the second pH adjustment module.

[0014] More preferably, the chelation column processing module includes a first chelation column, a second chelation column, and a third chelation column connected by pipelines and valves; the inlet pipes of the first chelation column, the inlet pipes of the second chelation column, and the inlet pipes of the third chelation column are connected to the outlet pipes of the second pH adjustment module, and the outlet pipes of the first chelation column, the outlet pipes of the second chelation column, and the outlet pipes of the third chelation column are connected to the third pH adjustment module.

[0015] More preferably, the regeneration module includes a first regeneration column and a second regeneration column. The first regeneration column is connected by pipelines to a first weak anode column, a second weak anode column, a first chelating column, a second chelating column, and a third chelating column. The second regeneration column is connected by pipelines to a first anion column, a second anion column, and a third anion column.

[0016] Further preferably, the control auxiliary module also includes a pressure gauge or pressure sensor, with the first pressure gauge or pressure sensor located in the pipeline between the inlet end of the weak anolyte column and the outlet end of the filter, the second pressure gauge or pressure sensor located in the pipeline between the first pH adjustment module and the anion column treatment module, and the third pressure gauge or pressure sensor located in the pipeline between the second pH adjustment module and the chelation column treatment module.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Through a multi-stage ion exchange process of weak cation column treatment → anion column treatment → chelation column treatment, the wastewater containing heavy metals is gradually and deeply purified. It can more thoroughly remove impurities such as cations, anions and heavy metal ions from the wastewater, significantly improve the quality of the effluent, and meet the requirements of subsequent discharge or biological treatment.

[0018] The system is equipped with a pH adjustment tank (including a mixer, pH meter, and level gauge), flow meter, pressure gauge / pressure sensor, and other monitoring and control devices. It can monitor and precisely adjust process parameters such as pH value, flow rate, level, and pressure in real time, realize automated operation, reduce human intervention errors, and improve the stability and controllability of system operation.

[0019] The system is equipped with a regeneration column and a matching cleaning agent delivery and drainage control device, which can regenerate the resin in the anion and chelation columns, restore the resin's ion exchange capacity, extend the resin's service life, reduce the frequency of resin replacement, and thus reduce long-term operating costs.

[0020] Wastewater from regeneration and column washing is led to a chemical treatment system through a dedicated pipeline to avoid direct discharge of wastewater and environmental pollution.

[0021] After treatment, the treated water can be either "discharged" or "enter the biochemical system," realizing the resource utilization or compliant discharge of wastewater, which aligns with the concepts of environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0022] Multiple valves are used to precisely control the flow and direction of fluid in each branch, and pipeline filters are used to filter impurities in the pipeline, reducing the risk of pipeline blockage.

[0023] The central and bottom drains precisely control the drainage of the column, reducing the probability of column failure, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system, and facilitating daily maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; In the diagram: 1 to 86 are all valves; M is a mixer; L1 to L7 are all flow meters; LC1 to LC4 are all level gauges; PH1 to PH4 are all pH meters; PC1 to PC3 are all pressure gauges or pressure sensors; F1 to F8 are all pipeline filters; K1 to K2 are all middle drains; K3 to K4 are all bottom drains. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: This ion exchange treatment system is used for the treatment of combined wastewater containing heavy metals after initial treatment. The specific working process is as follows: 1. Raw water transportation and weak cation exchange treatment The raw water tank stores treated wastewater containing heavy metals, and the level gauge LC1 monitors the tank level in real time. Pump 1 is started, and the wastewater in the raw water tank, after flow meter L1, enters the filter for impurity filtration. The filtered wastewater is then introduced into weak cation exchange columns 1 and 2 (the two weak cation exchange columns are dynamically switched via pipelines and valves) through valves (such as valves 1 and 9) for cation exchange treatment. Specifically: the inlet of weak cation exchange column 1 is controlled by valves 3 and 1, and the outlet is controlled by valves 6, 7, and 8; the inlet of weak cation exchange column 2 is controlled by valves 11 and 9, and the outlet is controlled by valves 14, 15, and 16.

[0026] Each column of the weak cation exchanger system contains sodium-type weakly acidic cation exchangers, which can deeply remove calcium and magnesium ions, divalent metal ions, cationic organic polymers such as polyethyleneamine, polyacrylamide, organic polymers such as pyridine, quinoline, acrylonitrile, etc., and the cationic heavy metal complexes they form from wastewater.

[0027] 2. Anion column treatment and pH adjustment The effluent from the weak cation exchange column treatment sequentially enters pH adjustment tank 1 and the anion exchange column treatment module.

[0028] To ensure the pH conditions for anion column treatment, a pH adjustment tank 1 is set up: H2SO4 is introduced into the tank, a stirrer M mixes the liquid in the tank, a level gauge LC2 monitors the liquid level in the tank, and a pH meter PH1 monitors the pH value in real time; a pump 2 delivers the adjusted liquid in the pH adjustment tank 1 to the relevant pipelines of the anion column, and a pressure gauge PC2 monitors the pressure of this delivery link.

[0029] Wastewater is introduced into anion exchange columns 1, 2, and 3 via pipelines (with valves 17, 18, 26, 27, 35, 36, etc.) for anion exchange treatment. The flow control valves for each anion exchange column are as follows: Cow Column 1: Water inlet is controlled by valves 17, 19, etc., and water outlet is controlled by valves 22, 23, 24, 25, etc.; Cow Column 2: Water inlet is controlled by valves 26, 28, etc., and water outlet is controlled by valves 31, 32, 33, 34, etc.; Cow Column 3: Water inlet is controlled by valves 35, 37, etc., and water outlet is controlled by valves 40, 41, 42, 43, etc.

[0030] Each column of the anion exchange system can be filled with chloride-type strong or weak base anion exchange resin, or a mixture of chloride-type strong and weak base anion exchange resins in a certain proportion (the proportion is determined according to the composition of pollutants in the wastewater), to remove residual anionic organic polymers, dyes, citric acid, lactic acid, dehydrated malic acid (fumaric acid), salicylic acid, EDTA, cyanide, tartaric acid and other organic acids and their formed metal complexes, anionic heavy metals such as As, Mn, Sb, Bi, Pb, Cr, Fe, oils and other pollutants from the wastewater.

[0031] 3. Chelation column treatment and pH adjustment The effluent from the anion column treatment sequentially enters the pH adjustment tank 2 and the chelation column treatment module.

[0032] pH adjustment tank 2 is set up to adjust the pH of the water entering the chelation column: NaOH is introduced into the tank, the agitator M is stirred and mixed, the liquid level gauge LC4 monitors the liquid level in the tank, and the pH meters PH2 and PH3 monitor the pH value in real time; the pump 3 delivers the adjusted liquid in pH adjustment tank 2 to the relevant pipelines of the chelation column, and the pressure gauge PC3 monitors the pressure of this delivery link.

[0033] Wastewater is introduced into chelation columns 1, 2, and 3 (the three chelation columns are dynamically switched in connection and operation via pipelines (with valves 52, 53, 61, 62, 70, 71, etc.) through pipelines (with valves 52, 53, 61, 62, 70, 71, etc.) for deep ion treatment. The flow control valves for each chelation column are as follows: Chelation column 1: Water inlet is controlled by valves 52, 54, etc., and water outlet is controlled by valves 57, 58, 59, 60, etc.; Chelation column 2: Water inlet is controlled by valves 61, 63, etc., and water outlet is controlled by valves 66, 67, 68, 69, etc.; Chelation column 3: Water inlet is controlled by valves 70, 72, etc., and water outlet is controlled by valves 75, 76, 77, 78, etc.

[0034] Each column of the chelating column system can be filled with one type or a mixture of multiple chelating ion exchange resins in a certain proportion (the proportion is determined according to the composition of pollutants in the wastewater), to deeply remove divalent and high-valent metal ions such as Ni, Pb, Cu, Fe, Cr, Zn, Cd, Hg, As, Mn, Sb, Bi, Ca, and Mg from the wastewater. The chelating resin type can be selected from chelating ion exchange resins with various functional groups such as amide carboxylic acid, amino carboxylic acid, amino phosphate, amino carboxylic acid phosphate, thiourea, mercapto, pyridine, and quinoline.

[0035] 4. Regeneration process When the resin in a weak cation, anion, or chelate column needs regeneration, the regeneration module is activated: Pump 4 delivers cleaning agents (HCl, NaOH, NaCl, etc.) to regeneration column 1 or regeneration column 2, and level gauge LC3 monitors the liquid level in the regeneration column. Pump 5 delivers cleaning agents (HCl, H2SO4, NaOH, etc.), and flow meter L5 measures the flow rate of the cleaning agents. Drainage control of the regeneration column: Regeneration column 1 is controlled to drain through the middle drainer K1 and the bottom drainer K3; Regeneration column 2 is controlled to drain through the middle drainer K2 and the bottom drainer K4; Valves 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, etc. are used in combination to control the flow direction of the regeneration liquid. The regeneration and column washing wastewater is discharged to the chemical treatment system through pipelines.

[0036] 5. Cleaning and Discharge After treatment or cleaning by chelation columns 1, chelation columns 2, and chelation columns 3, the water enters the equalization tank 3: H2SO4 is introduced into the tank, the mixer M mixes the water, the pH value is monitored by pH meter PH5, and the adjusted water is sent to the discharge tank or the biological system through pipeline.

[0037] When weak cation, anion, or chelate columns need to be cleaned: Pumps 6 and 7 respectively deliver water from the discharge tank as washing water, and flow meters L6 and L7 respectively measure the flow rate of the washing water.

[0038] 6. Auxiliary Control Throughout the process: Pipeline filters F1-F8 filter impurities in each pipeline; 86 valves (numbered 1-86) precisely control the flow of fluid in each branch; pressure gauge PC1 and other instruments monitor the pressure of relevant pipelines or columns.

[0039] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any transformations or substitutions that can be conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A combined ion exchange treatment system, characterized in that, include: The raw water delivery module includes a raw water tank, a pump connected to the raw water tank, and a flow meter and a filter located at the outlet of the pump. The weak anode column module includes at least two weak anode columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the weak anode column is connected to the outlet end of the filter via a pipe, and the outlet end of the weak anode column is connected to a first pH adjustment device. The anion column treatment module includes at least three anion columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the anion column is connected to the outlet end of the first pH adjustment device, and the outlet end of the anion column is connected to the second pH adjustment device. The chelation column treatment module includes at least three chelation columns connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the chelation column is connected to the outlet end of the second pH adjustment device. The outlet end of the chelation column is connected to the third pH adjustment tank and the discharge tank by pipes and valves. The discharge tank is connected to the weak cation column treatment module, the anion column treatment module and the chelation column treatment module by pumps, pipes and valves to provide column washing water. The regeneration module includes at least two regeneration columns. One regeneration column is connected to a weak cation column and a chelating column via pipelines and valves, and the other regeneration column is connected to an anion column via pipelines. The bottom pipeline of the regeneration column is connected to a pump and a level gauge for conveying cleaning agent / regenerating agent. The cleaning and discharge module has a pipeline connected to the bottom of the regeneration column and includes a pump for conveying cleaning water or discharge water, and a flow meter that works with the pump. The control auxiliary module includes multiple valves installed in the pipeline for controlling the flow of fluid, multiple pipeline filters, a middle drain and a bottom drain. The pipeline filters are used to intercept resin during backwashing of the resin column. The middle drain and the bottom drain are used to control the drainage or inflow of water into the column. The valves can be opened and closed automatically or manually.

2. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pH adjustment device includes a first pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter, and a pump connected to the first pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the pump is connected to the pipeline of the anion column treatment module, and the inlet pipeline of the first pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the weak cation column. The second pH adjustment device includes a second pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter, and a pump connected to the second pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the pump is connected to the pipeline of the chelation column treatment module, and the inlet pipeline of the second pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the anion column treatment module. The third pH adjustment device includes a third pH adjustment tank, a stirrer, a level gauge, a pH meter installed on the third pH adjustment tank, and a discharge tank connected to the third pH adjustment tank. The outlet of the discharge tank is connected to the pipelines of the weak cation column treatment module and the anion column treatment module to provide column washing water. The inlet of the third pH adjustment tank is connected to the outlet of the chelation column treatment module.

3. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weak anode treatment module includes a first weak anode and a second weak anode connected by pipes and valves. The inlet end of the first weak anode and the inlet end of the second weak anode are connected to the outlet end of the filter by pipes. The outlet end of the first weak anode and the outlet end of the second weak anode are connected to a first pH adjustment module by pipes.

4. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anion column treatment module includes a first anion column, a second anion column, and a third anion column connected by pipes and valves. The inlet pipes of the first anion column, the inlet pipes of the second anion column, and the inlet pipes of the third anion column are connected to the outlet pipes of the first pH adjustment module. The outlet pipes of the first anion column, the outlet pipes of the second anion column, and the outlet pipes of the third anion column are connected to the second pH adjustment module.

5. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The chelation column processing module includes a first chelation column, a second chelation column, and a third chelation column connected by pipes and valves. The inlet pipes of the first chelation column, the inlet pipes of the second chelation column, and the inlet pipes of the third chelation column are connected to the outlet pipes of the second pH adjustment module, and the outlet pipes of the first chelation column, the outlet pipes of the second chelation column, and the outlet pipes of the third chelation column are connected to the third pH adjustment module.

6. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regeneration module includes a first regeneration column and a second regeneration column. The first regeneration column is connected by pipelines to a first weak anode column, a second weak anode column, a first chelating column, a second chelating column, and a third chelating column. The second regeneration column is connected by pipelines to a first anion column, a second anion column, and a third anion column.

7. The combined ion exchange treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control auxiliary module also includes a pressure gauge or pressure sensor. The first pressure gauge or pressure sensor is located in the pipeline between the inlet end of the weak cation column and the outlet end of the filter. The second pressure gauge or pressure sensor is located in the pipeline between the first pH adjustment module and the anion column treatment module. The third pressure gauge or pressure sensor is located in the pipeline between the second pH adjustment module and the chelation column treatment module.

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