Dam building based on the center line method overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dry beach slope regulation system of overflow area based on the dam of median line method, and the system includes the material distributor of fine tailing discharge pipeline discharge gate. The material distributor contains buffer cavity and the blanking port, and the buffer cavity extension direction is parallel with dry beach surface, and the communication pipeline discharge gate is to extend the fine tailing distribution length, and the blanking port is located at the bottom or the periphery of buffer cavity, and is equipped with several sections along its extension direction, and the width is greater than the fine tailing particle size to prevent blockage. The blanking port is higher than the dry beach surface of the discharge point, and the vertical distance is according to the design to cover the fine tailing accumulation natural slope, and the safety factor of 1.2-1.5 times is reserved. The system replaces the traditional cylindrical discharge gate with the strip blanking port, combines the buffer cavity to extend the distribution length, realizes the uniform coverage of fine tailing, improves the beach surface forming precision, the buffer cavity is graded to reduce the pressure, cooperates the vertical distance design, reduces the falling speed, avoids the impact bottom tailing, and protects the beach surface structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tailings accumulation technology, specifically to an overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on centerline dam construction. Background Technology

[0002] Centerline dam construction, a widely used technology in tailings storage projects, offers a core advantage by achieving a balance between dam stability and storage efficiency through layered stacking along the dam's axis. This method is particularly suitable for the construction and operation of large-scale tailings dams. In centerline dam construction, the proper grading and stacking of tailings is crucial in determining the dam's structural strength, seepage stability, and overall safety performance, directly impacting the long-term operational safety and service life of the tailings dam.

[0003] However, when fine tailings are actually discharged into the overflow area, the excessive flow and pressure at the pipeline outlet can easily wash up the tailings material deposited at the bottom, causing the beach surface on the side of the overflow area close to the dam's sedimentation zone to be almost flat, making it difficult to effectively form a dry beach. This results in a slow consolidation rate of fine tailings in the overflow area, which seriously affects the balance of the dam's layered construction and the construction quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a slope adjustment system for the dry beach of the overflow area based on the centerline method of dam construction, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0005] A spillway dry beach slope adjustment system based on the centerline dam construction method, the system including a feed equalizer located at the outlet of the fine tailings discharge pipeline, the feed equalizer comprising: A buffer cavity is provided, the extension direction of which is parallel to the dry beach surface of the overflow area, and the outlet of the fine tailings discharge pipe is connected to the buffer cavity. The feed inlet is a strip-shaped structure, located at the bottom or around the sides of the buffer cavity, and has several sections along the extension direction of the buffer cavity. The width of the feed inlet is greater than the particle size of the fine tailings. The discharge port of the uniform feeder is higher than the dry beach surface at the discharge point of the overflow zone, and the vertical distance between the discharge port of the uniform feeder and the dry beach surface at the discharge point of the overflow zone covers the natural slope after the fine tailings are piled up, and a safety factor of 1.2-1.5 times is reserved.

[0006] Optionally, the buffer cavity is provided with multiple layers along the flow direction of the fine tailings, and the buffer cavities of adjacent layers are connected by at least two sets of flow pipes, and the feed port is provided on the buffer cavity located at the end of the flow direction of the fine tailings. The axes of the multiple buffer cavities are located at different heights.

[0007] Optionally, the diameter of the flow pipes in adjacent layers or any layer is set to decrease along the flow direction of the fine tailings.

[0008] Optionally, the flow passage is a telescopic structure, and a height adjustment unit is disposed between any two layers of the buffer cavity, the height adjustment unit comprising: A height monitoring sensor is installed on the feed equalizer to collect real-time data on the dry beach surface height at the discharge point of the overflow area; The controller, connected to the height monitoring sensor, is used to control the execution module to adjust the length of the flow passage pipe based on the dry beach height data at the discharge point of the overflow area collected by the height monitoring sensor.

[0009] Optionally, the altitude monitoring sensor is any one of a laser rangefinder, a millimeter-wave radar sensor, and an ultrasonic rangefinder.

[0010] Optionally, the execution module is configured as a linear displacement module, with both ends of the linear displacement module connected to the outer shells of the two buffer cavities respectively, for adjusting the distance between the two buffer cavities; The linear displacement module can be any one of an electric actuator, a pneumatic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] Optionally, the flow passage is a corrugated pipe or a series of sequentially nested and slidably connected circular pipes.

[0012] The beneficial effects that this utility model can produce include: 1. The overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on the centerline dam construction method provided by this utility model replaces the traditional columnar discharge port with a strip-shaped discharge port. Combined with a buffer cavity to extend the distribution length, it ensures that fine tailings evenly cover different parts of the dry beach, solving the problem of excessive or insufficient local accumulation and significantly improving the accuracy of dry beach surface formation. At the same time, the buffer cavity (especially the multi-layer structure) realizes the graded depressurization of fine tailings, and with the reasonable vertical distance design, it significantly reduces the falling speed of fine tailings, avoids impacting the tailings deposited at the bottom of the dry beach, protects the beach surface structure, and ensures the effective formation of the dry beach.

[0013] 2. In this invention, the height control unit, through real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment, can cope with changes in dry beach height and flow fluctuations, ensuring that the discharge port is always within a safe range and preventing slope deviations from design standards due to fluctuations in operating conditions. Simultaneously, the design of a telescopic flow pipe allows the system to flexibly adapt to different accumulation stages and flow conditions, enhancing its adaptability to complex operating conditions and ensuring long-term stable operation. Therefore, by precisely controlling the dry beach slope, the amount of subsequent maintenance work is reduced, lowering the risk of dam failure due to unsuitable slope, and improving the overall efficiency and safety factor of the centerline method dam construction. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on the centerline method of dam construction according to the present invention; Figure 2 In this invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the feed equalizer; Figure 3 In this invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the feed equalizer; Figure 4 In this invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the feed equalizer; Figure 5 In this invention Figure 3 and Figure 4 The architecture block diagram of the height control unit; In the diagram: 1. Fine tailings discharge pipe, 2. Feed equalizer, 21. Buffer chamber, 22. Feed outlet, 23. Flow pipe, 3. Height control unit, 31. Data acquisition module, 32. Controller, 33. Execution module. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model provides a slope adjustment system for the dry beach of the overflow area based on the centerline method of dam construction. The system includes a material equalizer 2 located at the outlet of the fine tailings discharge pipe 1. The material equalizer 2 includes a buffer cavity 21 and a discharge port 22. The extension direction of the buffer cavity 21 is parallel to the dry beach surface of the overflow area, and the outlet of the fine tailings discharge pipe 1 is connected to the buffer cavity 21, which can extend the distribution length of the fine tailings discharge. The discharge port 22 is a strip structure, located at the bottom or around the buffer cavity 21, and has several sections along the extension direction of the buffer cavity 21. The width of the discharge port 22 is greater than the particle size of the fine tailings. The discharge port 22 of the material equalizer 2 is higher than the dry beach surface at the discharge point of the overflow area, and the vertical distance between the discharge port 22 of the material equalizer 2 and the dry beach surface at the discharge point of the overflow area covers the natural slope after the fine tailings are accumulated, and a safety factor of 1.2-1.5 times is reserved. This system replaces the traditional cylindrical discharge port with a strip-shaped discharge port 22, and extends the distribution length by combining it with a buffer chamber 21, ensuring that fine tailings evenly cover different parts of the dry beach. This solves the problem of excessive or insufficient local accumulation and significantly improves the accuracy of dry beach formation. At the same time, the buffer chamber 21 achieves graded depressurization of fine tailings, and with a reasonable vertical distance design, it significantly reduces the falling speed of fine tailings, avoiding impact on the tailings deposited at the bottom of the dry beach, protecting the beach structure, and ensuring the effective formation of the dry beach.

[0017] In the above, the total cross-sectional area A of the effective flow area of ​​the feed inlet 22 of the feed equalizer 2 is: ; Among them, Q 细 The discharge volume of fine tailings discharge pipe 1 is expressed in m³. 2 ;v 管 The flow velocity of fine tailings in fine tailings discharge pipe 1 is expressed in m / s.

[0018] In the above, the design method for the vertical distance H between the discharge port 22 of the equalizer 2 and the dry beach surface at the discharge point of the overflow zone is as follows: The vertical distance H must ensure that the fine tailings can naturally accumulate along the slope of the dry beach after discharge, achieving the requirements of not eroding the beach surface and not overflowing. Therefore, the vertical distance H is set as follows: ; Where K is the safety factor, which is selected from [1.2, 1.5] based on the uniformity of the overflow area and the short-term flow fluctuation range; L 水 i is the horizontal length of the projection of the discharge port 22 of the feeder 2 onto the dry beach of the overflow area to the water-blocking structure of the overflow area; i is the slope of the dry beach, that is, the inclination rate of the dry beach surface of the overflow area, which is set to 1%-3%.

[0019] In the above, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, to further reduce the impact of emissions, the buffer chamber 21 is arranged in multiple layers along the flow direction of the fine tailings. Adjacent buffer chambers 21 are connected by at least two sets of flow pipes 23, and the buffer chamber 21 located at the end of the flow direction of the fine tailings has a discharge port 22. The axes of the multiple buffer chambers 21 are located at different heights. The fine tailings obtained from the hydrocyclone classification are sequentially graded and depressurized through the multiple buffer chambers 21, thereby reducing the discharge velocity of the fine tailings at the discharge port 22 and further reducing the impact on the dry beach surface. Specifically, the diameter of the flow pipes 23 in adjacent layers or any layer decreases along the flow direction of the fine tailings, which helps to increase the feed pressure of the next buffer chamber 21 and prevents the fine tailings from accumulating in the buffer chamber 21.

[0020] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel 23 is a telescopic structure, which adopts a corrugated pipe or several sections of sequentially nested and slidably connected circular pipes. A sealing component (such as a sealing ring) is provided at the connection between two adjacent circular pipes. A height adjustment unit 3 is configured between any two buffer cavities 21, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the height control unit 3 includes a height monitoring sensor 31, a controller 32 (using a microcontroller), and an execution module 33. The height monitoring sensor 31 is installed on the feed equalizer 2. The height monitoring sensor 31 can be any one of a laser rangefinder, millimeter-wave radar sensor, or ultrasonic rangefinder, used to collect real-time data on the dry beach surface height at the discharge point of the overflow area. The controller 32 is connected to the height monitoring sensor 31 and is used to control the execution module 33 to adjust the length of the flow pipe 23 according to the dry beach surface height data collected by the height monitoring sensor 31 at the discharge point of the overflow area. Specifically, the execution module 33 is set as a linear displacement module. The two ends of the linear displacement module are respectively connected to the outer shell of the two buffer cavities 21, used to adjust the distance between the two buffer cavities 21. The linear displacement module can be any one of an electric push rod, a pneumatic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder. In this embodiment, an electric push rod is preferred, and a servo stepper motor is used for driving. Through real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment, it can cope with changes in dry beach height and flow fluctuations, ensuring that the discharge port is always within a safe range and avoiding deviations in slope from the design standard due to fluctuations in operating conditions.

Claims

1. A spillway dry beach slope adjustment system based on the centerline dam construction method, characterized in that, The system includes a feed equalizer (2) located at the outlet of the fine tailings discharge pipe (1), the feed equalizer (2) comprising: The buffer cavity (21) extends parallel to the dry beach surface of the overflow area, and the outlet of the fine tailings discharge pipe (1) is connected to the buffer cavity (21). The discharge port (22) is a strip structure, located at the bottom or around the buffer cavity (21), and has several sections along the extension direction of the buffer cavity (21). The width of the discharge port (22) is greater than the particle size of the fine tailings. The discharge port (22) of the equalizer (2) is higher than the dry beach surface at the discharge point of the overflow area, and the vertical distance between the discharge port (22) of the equalizer (2) and the dry beach surface at the discharge point of the overflow area covers the natural slope after the fine tailings accumulation according to the design requirements, and a safety factor of 1.2-1.5 times is reserved.

2. The overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on centerline dam construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer cavity (21) is provided with multiple layers along the flow direction of the fine tailings. The buffer cavities (21) of adjacent layers are connected by at least two sets of flow pipes (23), and the feed port (22) is provided on the buffer cavity (21) located at the end of the flow direction of the fine tailings. The axes of the multi-layered buffer cavities (21) are located at different heights.

3. The overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on the centerline method for dam construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the flow pipes (23) in any two adjacent layers or any layer is set to decrease along the flow direction of the fine tailings.

4. The overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on the centerline method for dam construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow channel (23) is a telescopic structure, and a height adjustment unit (3) is arranged between any two layers of the buffer cavity (21). The height adjustment unit (3) includes: A height monitoring sensor (31) is installed on the equalizer (2) to collect real-time data on the dry beach height at the discharge point of the overflow area; The controller (32) is connected to the height monitoring sensor (31) and is used to control the execution module (33) to adjust the length of the flow pipe (23) based on the dry beach height data at the discharge point of the overflow area collected by the height monitoring sensor (31).

5. The overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on the centerline method for dam construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The altitude monitoring sensor (31) can be any one of a laser rangefinder, a millimeter-wave radar sensor, and an ultrasonic rangefinder.

6. The overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on the centerline method of dam construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The execution module (33) is configured as a linear displacement module. The two ends of the linear displacement module are respectively connected to the outer shells of the two layers of buffer cavities (21) to adjust the distance between the two layers of buffer cavities (21). The linear displacement module can be any one of an electric actuator, a pneumatic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder.

7. The overflow zone dry beach slope adjustment system based on centerline dam construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow passage (23) is a corrugated pipe or a circular pipe consisting of several segments that are sequentially nested and slidably connected to each other.

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