Flexible dam energy dissipater

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flexible dam energy dissipation device, including upstream diversion section, at least two stages energy dissipation unit and downstream diversion section, upstream diversion section, energy dissipation unit and downstream diversion section all are made of flexible material, and are connected in proper order along the water flow direction setting, every energy dissipation unit is including flexible support frame, be provided with multiple sets of flexible energy dissipation piece in the flexible support frame, and be equipped with the connecting mechanism for realizing the connection of adjacent energy dissipation unit on the flexible support frame. The utility model discloses a flexible dam energy dissipation device, through diversion - flexible collision - multistage buffering energy dissipation path, can reduce the water flow impact force, promotes dam body durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering facilities. Specifically, this utility model relates to a flexible dam energy dissipation device, focusing on the field of dam energy dissipation and protection. It is applicable to various water conservancy dams such as hydropower station dams and flood control dikes. Through flexible structural design, it efficiently dissipates the impact energy of water flow and ensures the safe and stable operation of the dam. Background Technology

[0002] As the core water-retaining structure of a water conservancy project, dams are subjected to the impact of high-speed water flow for a long time. Traditional energy dissipation methods have the following significant limitations: 1. Throwing energy dissipation: This method relies on throwing water into the air to dissipate energy. Although it is suitable for high dams with hard rock foundations, the flood discharge is severely atomized, which causes significant damage to dam area traffic, bank slope stability and ecological environment. The harm is more prominent in high head and high flow scenarios.

[0003] 2. Bottom flow energy dissipation: Energy dissipation through hydraulic jump turbulence is mostly used in projects with low water head and poor geological conditions, but it requires the construction of long retaining walls, and the amount of earthwork and concrete work is large and the cost is high; in high dam scenarios, the bottom flow velocity of the stilling basin is too high, and its own flood discharge safety is difficult to guarantee.

[0004] 3. Surface flow energy dissipation: It is only applicable to medium and low head, tailwater depth and small flow / water level variation. Its application scenarios are narrow and its energy dissipation effect is unstable under complex water flow.

[0005] As water conservancy projects develop towards higher water heads and larger flow rates, and ecological and environmental protection requirements become increasingly stringent, the shortcomings of traditional energy dissipation methods in terms of cost, environment, and adaptability are becoming more and more apparent.

[0006] Chinese patent application number 201520708378.7 discloses a flow diversion energy dissipator for reducing water scouring in the middle downstream section of a dam. It includes an arc-shaped flow diversion sill located downstream of the dam, and curved flow diversion piers mounted on the sill to diffuse the water flow in the middle downstream section of the dam to the left and right sides and vertically. However, the technical solution disclosed in this patent document also fails to solve the aforementioned technical problem.

[0007] This invention provides a flexible dam energy dissipation device, specifically concerning how to reduce the impact force of water flow and improve the durability of the dam. Utility Model Content

[0008] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention provides a flexible dam energy dissipation device, the purpose of which is to reduce the impact force of water flow and improve the durability of the dam body.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a flexible dam energy dissipation device, including an upstream diversion section, at least two energy dissipation units and a downstream diversion section, wherein the upstream diversion section, energy dissipation units and downstream diversion section are all made of flexible materials and are connected and arranged sequentially along the water flow direction; Each of the energy dissipation units includes a flexible support frame, wherein multiple sets of flexible energy dissipation components are disposed within one of the flexible support frames, and the flexible support frame is provided with a connection mechanism for connecting adjacent energy dissipation units.

[0010] The flexible energy dissipation component is a rolled structure made from cut waste tires.

[0011] The connecting mechanism includes a positioning element for positioning adjacent flexible support frames, and the ends of the flexible support frames are provided with through holes for inserting the positioning element.

[0012] The flexible support frame is provided with porous metal plates and fiberboards, which are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction.

[0013] The upstream guide section is a plate-shaped structure, and its end is provided with a first connector for connecting with the flexible support frame.

[0014] The downstream guide section is a plate-like structure used to guide the energy-dissipated water flow to the downstream area.

[0015] The flexible dam energy dissipation device of this utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. Highly efficient and reliable energy dissipation: Through the energy dissipation path of flow guidance, flexible collision and multi-stage buffering, combined with the multiple energy dissipation effects of flexible energy dissipation components, porous metal plates and fiberboards, the energy dissipation effect is stable and adaptable to different water flow conditions, thereby reducing the impact force of water flow and improving the durability of the dam body.

[0016] 2. Convenient structure assembly and disassembly: It adopts a segmented sheet metal groove, modular energy dissipation components and bolt connection design, which is simple in structure, easy to assemble and disassemble, and convenient for later maintenance and component replacement.

[0017] 3. Economic and environmentally friendly: It uses recycled materials such as waste tires as energy dissipation components, which reduces material costs and achieves environmental protection. Moreover, the overall structure is compatible with overflow dams of different profiles and can be widely used in various water conservancy projects that use overflow dams.

[0018] 4. Strong adaptability to different scenarios: The number of energy dissipation units, the arrangement of flexible energy dissipation components, and the segmented design of sheet metal channels can be flexibly adjusted according to dam type, water head, and water flow conditions to meet the diverse energy dissipation needs of water conservancy projects. Attached Figure Description

[0019] This manual includes the following figures, which illustrate the following: Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flexible dam energy dissipation device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first flexible support frame; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second flexible support frame; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third flexible support frame and the downstream guide section; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of flexible energy dissipation components; The following components are marked in the diagram: 1. Upstream guide section; 2. First connector; 3. Matching fastening parts; 4. First flexible support frame; 5. Flexible energy dissipation component; 6. Second flexible support frame; 7. Positioning component; 8. Perforated metal plate; 9. Fiberboard; 10. Second connector; 11. Downstream guide section. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to help those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solution of this utility model, and to facilitate its implementation.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model provides a flexible dam energy dissipation device, including an upstream diversion section 1, at least two energy dissipation units and a downstream diversion section 11. The upstream diversion section 1, the energy dissipation units and the downstream diversion section 11 are all made of flexible materials and are connected in sequence along the water flow direction. The whole device is adapted to the outline of the overflow dam and is used to dissipate energy from the overflow dam discharge. Each energy dissipation unit includes a flexible support frame, in which multiple sets of flexible energy dissipation components 5 are provided, and the flexible support frame is provided with a connection mechanism for connecting adjacent energy dissipation units.

[0022] Specifically, the overall structure of the flexible dam energy dissipation device is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes an upstream diversion section 1, a multi-stage energy dissipation unit and a downstream diversion section 11. Each part is connected in sequence along the water flow direction and is adapted to the outline of the overflow dam to dissipate energy from the overflow dam.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, the upstream guide section 1 is a plate-like structure made of flexible metal sheet with a thickness of 8-12mm. The end of the upstream guide section 1 is equipped with a first connector 2 for connection to the first flexible support frame 4. The first connector 2 is a bolt, and bolt holes are provided at the end of the upstream guide section 1. It is connected to the dam body through connecting bolts and matching fasteners. The inlet baffle adopts a gradually changing angle design. The initial end (water-facing end) is at a 5-10 degree angle to the water flow direction, and the angle gradually increases to 30-45 degrees at the end (the end connected to the energy dissipation unit) to guide the water flow smoothly into the energy dissipation unit and avoid direct impact from the water flow causing damage to the device. The upstream guide section 1 acts as a primary flow guide and stabilizer. The water flow is first guided by the gradually changing angle of the inlet baffle to achieve a smooth entry into the energy dissipation unit, avoiding direct impact from the water flow causing damage to the device, and initially regulating the water flow state.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the connecting mechanism includes a positioning member 7 for positioning adjacent flexible support frames. The ends of the adjacent flexible support frames that are connected are provided with through holes for the positioning member 7 to be inserted. The positioning member 7 is simultaneously inserted into the through holes at the ends of the adjacent flexible support frames, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the two adjacent flexible support frames.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, three energy dissipation units are set. The first energy dissipation unit closest to the upstream guide section 1 includes a first flexible support frame 4. The first flexible support frame 4 is made of galvanized steel plate. Multiple sets of flexible energy dissipation components 5 are set inside the first flexible support frame 4. The first flexible support frame 4 has an open end and a hollow interior structure. Figure 5 As shown, the flexible energy dissipation component 5 is a rolled structure made from the cutting of waste tires. Multiple sets of flexible energy dissipation components 5 are arranged sequentially in the inner cavity of the first flexible support frame 4 along the length direction (i.e., the water flow direction) of the first flexible support frame 4, and all flexible energy dissipation components 5 in the same set are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the first flexible support frame 4. The bottom surface of the first flexible support frame 4 is provided with a groove for the flexible energy dissipation component 5 to be embedded, and the width of the groove is adapted to the diameter of the waste tire.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, after being cut, the waste tires are embedded into the sheet metal groove in a stacked manner. A gap of 5-8mm is reserved between adjacent tires as a water flow channel, and the gap is distributed in a gradient along the water flow direction (5mm in the front section and 8mm in the rear section) to balance the degree of water flow dispersion and energy loss.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the second energy dissipation unit adjacent to the first energy dissipation unit includes a second flexible support frame 6. The second flexible support frame 6 is made of galvanized steel sheet and has an open end and hollow interior. A perforated metal plate 8 and a fiberboard 9 are installed within the second flexible support frame 6, arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. The perforated metal plate 8 is densely covered with multiple through holes allowing water flow, with a hole diameter of 3-5 mm. The perforated metal plate 8 is made of stainless steel. The fiberboard 9 is a 15-20 mm thick glass fiber board. The fiberboard 9 is fixed to the second flexible support frame 6 by connecting bolts, forming a connection mechanism between the energy dissipation units. This mechanism ensures connection strength and further dissipates water flow energy through the porous structure and fiber buffer.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the third energy dissipation unit adjacent to the second energy dissipation unit includes a third flexible support frame. The third flexible support frame is made of galvanized steel sheet. The third flexible support frame has an open end and a hollow interior. One end of the third flexible support frame is connected to the end of the second flexible support frame 6, and the other end of the third flexible support frame is connected to the end of the downstream guide section 11.

[0029] The energy dissipation unit acts as a secondary flexible energy dissipation unit. The water flow entering the energy dissipation unit collides and rubs against the coiled flexible energy dissipation components. The flexible deformation of the waste tire absorbs the kinetic energy of the water flow. At the same time, the structure of the porous metal plate 8 and fiberboard 9 further disperses and buffers the water flow, gradually consuming energy.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the downstream diversion section 11 is a plate-shaped structure made of the same material as the inlet baffle, used to guide the energy-dissipated water flow to the downstream area. The outlet end of the downstream diversion section 11 is adapted to the slope of the downstream riverbed, used to guide the energy-dissipated water flow to the downstream area.

[0031] After being treated by multiple energy dissipation units, the water flow is guided to the downstream area by the outlet baffle and finally discharged in a low-energy state, thus protecting the dam.

[0032] Regarding component fitting parameters, the tensile strength of the connecting bolts is not less than 600MPa to ensure that the connection of each component is stable under the impact of water flow; the fit clearance error between the sheet metal groove and the waste tire is controlled within ±1mm to ensure the stability of the water flow channel.

[0033] Based on the structural design of the above components, the working process of this energy dissipation device is as follows: (1) Flow guidance and stabilization stage: After the water flows into the inlet baffle, it flows along the plate surface with a gradually changing angle. The direction of the water flow is gradually adjusted and the flow velocity is initially reduced, creating stable water flow conditions for the subsequent energy dissipation process.

[0034] (2) Multi-stage energy dissipation stage: After the water flows into the energy dissipation unit, it first collides and splits with the waste tires with smaller gaps in the front section, and the kinetic energy is initially consumed; then it flows through the porous metal plate 8 and fiberboard 9, and the water flow is further dispersed and buffered; then it enters the waste tire area with larger gaps in the rear section, and absorbs the remaining energy through the flexible deformation of the tires, thus realizing multi-stage energy dissipation.

[0035] (3) Guiding and discharge stage: After multi-stage energy dissipation, the water flow (flow velocity ≤ 2.5m / s) enters the downstream guiding section 11 and is guided to the downstream area along the plate surface to complete the entire energy dissipation process.

[0036] To adapt to the needs of different water conservancy projects, in practical applications, the number of energy dissipation units (2-5 stages) and the number of waste tire layers can be adjusted according to the water head height and water flow velocity. The segment length of the sheet metal channel can be cut according to the dam size, and the bolt spacing of the connecting mechanism can be adjusted according to the impact load (generally not exceeding 400mm). Without changing the core energy dissipation logic, a rubber pad layer can be added to the inside of the sheet metal channel to enhance the sealing performance and further improve the energy dissipation effect.

[0037] The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvements made using the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention; or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible dam energy dissipation device, characterized in that, It includes an upstream guide section, at least two stages of energy dissipation units, and a downstream guide section. The upstream guide section, energy dissipation units, and downstream guide section are all made of flexible materials and are connected sequentially along the water flow direction. Each of the energy dissipation units includes a flexible support frame, wherein multiple sets of flexible energy dissipation components are disposed within one of the flexible support frames, and the flexible support frame is provided with a connection mechanism for connecting adjacent energy dissipation units.

2. The flexible dam energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible energy dissipation component is a rolled structure made from cut waste tires.

3. The flexible dam energy dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism includes a positioning element for positioning adjacent flexible support frames, and the ends of the flexible support frames are provided with through holes for inserting the positioning element.

4. The flexible dam energy dissipation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The flexible support frame is provided with porous metal plates and fiberboards, which are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction.

5. The flexible dam energy dissipation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The upstream guide section is a plate-shaped structure, and its end is provided with a first connector for connecting with the flexible support frame.

6. The flexible dam energy dissipation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The downstream guide section is a plate-like structure used to guide the energy-dissipated water flow to the downstream area.

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